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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Investigation of current threats to the existence of Brackenridgea zanguebarica in a small geographic area in Vhembe, Limpopo Province, South Africa MAKUÉTÉ ANDRÉ PATRICK TIAWOUN; MILINGONI PETER TSHISIKHAWE; EASTONCE TENDAYI GWATA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 6 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200601

Abstract

Abstract. Tiawoun MAP, Tshisikhawe MP, Gwata ET. 2019. Geometric morphometry of pupae to identify four medically important flies (Order: Diptera) in Thailand. Biodiversitas 20: 1504-1509. Brackenridgea zanguebarica is one of the most threatened plant species in South Africa, found only in Thengwe village, Vhembe District Municipality, Limpopo Province, South Africa. Due to the high traditional use of its stem bark and root, the species is now facing the threat of extinction. It has been assessed in accordance with the IUCN Red List of South Africa as a critically endangered species. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of current threats to the population in the Brackenridgea Nature Reserve, in order to improve its conservation measures. The study was carried out in the reserve, where 10 belt transects of 50 m long and 20 m wide were laid at regular intervals of 5 m to investigate the population of B. zanguebarica. Individuals were counted and the structural parameters, e.g. tree height and stem diameter size of each were measured, while the impact of plant harvesting was estimated using a sliding scale of 0 to 5. The structure of the populations in terms of the stem diameter size classes was dominated by juvenile plants that showed the bell shape pattern. In addition, 59.9% out of the total plants recorded presented signs of plant parts extraction, with the stem bark the main part extracted. The population status of B. zanguebarica was unstable and under severe threat due to the destructive harvesting of the mature tree parts, leading to poor regeneration of individuals. It is thus recommended that in order to improve its conservation measures.
Short communication: Morphological characteristics of flower and fruit in several rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) cultivars in Serang City, Banten, Indonesia GUT WINDARSIH; MUHAMMAD EFENDI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 5 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200537

Abstract

Abstract. Windarsih G, Efendi M. 2019. Morphological characteristics of flower and fruit in several rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) cultivars in Serang City, Banten, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1442-1449. Indonesia is one of the centers of diversity of rambutan in the world with 22 species. Compared to other species, Nephelium lappaceum L. is mostly cultivated species. This study aimed to identify the generative morphological variation in several rambutan cultivars in the area of Serang City, Banten Province. The plant materials used were five cultivars of rambutan, Parakan, Rapiah, Aceh, Sinyonya, wild type, and male trees. In each plant, three bunches of inflorescence were taken, and then the flowers from each bunch were observed when the flowering phase was open (blooming). In addition, 3-5 fruit bunches were taken per plant, and then 3-5 fruits per bunch were observed. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that there is monoecious plants of rambutan (Aceh, Rapiah, wild type), and dioecious plant (male tree). In a monoecious plant, it produces the hermaphrodite flowers, whereas, in a dioecious plant, it just produces the male flowers. In the hermaphrodite flower, it is composed of pedicel, tepal, stamen, and pistil, while the male flower does not have pistil. The Aceh cultivar has the longest average fruit bunch (22.90 cm), Rapiah has highest number of fruit per bunch (15.86 fruits), Parakan has highest spine density (11.64 strands per 1x1 cm2) and longest spine (13.2 mm), Rapiah has a shortest average spine (3.4 mm) with a stiff texture, Rapiah and Aceh have a thickest of fruit rind (3.3 mm). Aceh has the largest size and weight of fruit with the fruit length 4.62 cm, fruit diameter 3.83 cm, fruit weight 37.42 g, weight of fruit rind 17.51 g, weight of aryl 17.94 g, and thickness of aryl 7.7 mm. From a dendrogram analysis, the five cultivars had a similarity distance coefficient from 40% to 69%. Parakan and Sinyonya had highest similarity distance (69%), while Aceh was separated from other cultivars with a similarity distance 40%.
Arthropod community at different altitudes in Gunung Halimun-Salak National Park, Western Java, Indonesia NOOR FARIKHAH HANEDA; IWAN HILWAN; EWI IRFANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 6 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200633

Abstract

Abstract. Haneda NF, Hilwan I, Irfani E. 2019. Arthropod community at different altitudes in Gunung Halimun-Salak National Park, Western Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1735-1742. Gunung Halimun Salak National Park (GHSNP) stores high biodiversity both from its flora and fauna. Parts of the diversity that have not been widely explored are soil arthropods at different altitudes. The aim of this study was to analyze soil arthropod community and the correlation between the attributes of soil arthropods and the environmental factors. The soil arthropods were collected using pitfall traps, placed in several altitudes, i.e., 500 m, 700 m, 900 m, 1100 m, 1300 m, 1500 m, and 1700 m . The attributes of community and environmental parameters were analyzed using Pearson correlation and principal component analysis. The result showed that family Formicidae dominated the soil arthropod community. The diversity of arthropods increased with increasing altitudes. The habitat at the altitudes of 1500 m, 1300 m and 1100 m had a dense canopy, thick litter and high total N and organic C. There was positive correlation between the attributes of soil arthropod community and environment variables.
Latitudinal species diversity and density of cryptic crustacean (Brachyura and Anomura) in micro-habitat Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures across Kepulauan Seribu, Indonesia GESTEN HAZERI; DWI LISTYO RAHAYU; BEGINER SUBHAN; ANDRIANUS SEMBIRING; AJI WAHYU ANGGORO; AHMAD TAUFIK GHOZALI; HAWIS H MADDUPPA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 5 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200540

Abstract

Abstract. Hazeri G, Rahayu DL, Subhan B, Sembiring A, Anggoro AW, Ghozali AT, Madduppa HH. 2019. Latitudinal species diversity and density of cryptic crustacean (Brachyura and Anomura) in micro-habitat Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures across Kepulauan Seribu, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1466-1474. Kepulauan Seribu is located in the north of Jakarta and has historically been affected by anthropogenic activities. Based on its anthropogenic pressure, the archipelago is divided latitudinally into three main parts; the southern part, is a collection of islands located closest to Jakarta Bay and characterized by poor water quality, large sediment and pollutant inputs from nearby rivers, the central and north part that possesses a better water quality. Brachyura and Anomura are dominant crustacean groups in the ocean, which inhabited areas from littoral zone to the deep sea. However, its diversity and abundance are relatively understudied especially in the area where anthropogenic pressure is severe like Kepulauan Seribu.  The ARMS (Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structure) is a standardized monitoring method systematically designed for observing indications of organism’s biodiversity in units of time. This research was conducted by employing ARMS as a standardize monitoring procedure to catalog and provide census of Crustaceans (Brachyuran and Anomuran) distributed across the archipelago. All crustacean inhabiting each unit of ARMS were collected and identified. Species diversity was then evaluated to see whether gradient in anthropogenic pressure has a direct impact on species composition and abundance. A total of 24 ARMS units were deployed from 2013 to 2016, located in three zones: south (9), central (9) and north (6) of Kepulauan Seribu. This study identified 17 species from 8 different families of Brachyura and 11 Anomura species from 4 different families from all sites. However, low available identification references for Indonesian crustacean made some specimen were identified only up to family level. The highest species diversity of Brachyura was recorded from family Xanthidae, followed by Portunidae and Pilumnidae, while in Anomura was in Porcellanidae, followed by Paguridae, Galatheidae, and Diogenidae. The high species diversity and density of brachyurans and anomurans were recorded in the central zone. This research infers that the species diversity of Crustaceans (Brachyura dan Anomura) seems dependent on the environmental quality, but most likely all crustacean species depend on the availability of habitat structure.
Glyphosate resistance of Eleusine indica populations from North Sumatra, Indonesia KOKO TAMPUBOLON; EDISON PURBA; MOHAMMAD BASYUNI; DIANA SOFIA HANAFIAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 7 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200717

Abstract

Abstract. Tampubolon K, Purba E, Basyuni M, Hanafiah DS. 2019. Glyphosate resistance of Eleusine indica populations from North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1910-1916.  Controlling of Eleusine indica populations in oil palm plantations using a similar mode of action of herbicide may cause resistant weed. Overall E. indica populations from oil palm plantations in North Sumatra, Indonesia have never been reported to be glyphosate-resistant. This research was aimed to determine the survival percentage and to classify the resistance of E. indica to glyphosate from oil palm plantations in 11 districts in North Sumatra Province. The research was conducted in the Weed Research Center Field Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara from October 2016 to August 2017. This research was arranged in a Randomized Block Design with the glyphosate-treatment using a recommended dose of two l ha-1 and three replications. The ESU0 population was collected in the soccer field of Politeknik Negeri Medan (Medan city) was used as a check, and has never been exposed to the herbicide. Parameters were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, and the means were compared using DMRT at a probability level of 5%. The results showed that 276 (65.56%) of 421 populations were classified as glyphosate-resistant, 88 populations (20.90%) were classified as glyphosate-resistant developing, and 57 populations (13.54%) were classified as glyphosate-susceptible. The highest range of dry weight of glyphosate-resistant E. indica populations were found in 5 districts including South Labuhanbatu District followed by the Serdang Bedagai, Simalungun, Asahan, and North Labuhanbatu Districts. The observed resistance level and dry weight range in the present study indicated the failure in controlling E. indica due to continued use of glyphosate and the potency of E. indica distribution into other oil palm estates due to its high biomass production capability.
Specific features of the development of Rhopalosiphum padi in connection with migration and transfer of the viral infection to host and non-host plants using potato as an example Elena S Gandrabur; ALLA B. VERESHCHAGINA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 11 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201142

Abstract

Abstract. Gandarabur ES, Vereshchagina AB. 2019. Specific features of the development of the bird cherry-oat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) in connection with migration and transfer of the viral infection to host and non-host plants using potato as an example. Biodiversitas 20: 3439-3447. Using Rhopalosiphum padi (L.), which lives in the North-West of the Russian Federation, as an example, the long-term data on the timing of its spring migration from bird cherry to herbaceous plants are summarized and their analysis, related to the wing formation in aphid colonies and the accompanying weather conditions, is given. It was found out, those peculiarities of behavior of spring emigrants of Rh. padi during the host selection depend on the motivation for a long-distance flight, include repeated take-off and testing and may be accompanied by visits to the non-host plants during 4 days. Migration and settling behavior of aphids underlie their ability to transfer non-persistent viruses to host and non-host plants. The obtained data allow adjusting the methods of plant protection including the viral infection.
Extinction risk analysis of Anthocephalus macrophyllus in Gunungsewu Karst Area, Southern Java, Indonesia LIES RAHAYU WIJAYANTI FAIDA; HERO MARHAENTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 7 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200715

Abstract

Abstract. Faida LRW, Marhaento H. 2019. Extinction risk analysis of Anthocephalus macrophyllus in Gunungsewu Karst Area, Southern Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1897-1903. This paper aims to analyze the extinction risk of a local plant species namely Tebelo Pusoh or Jabon Merah (Anthocephalus macrophyllus) in Gunungsewu Karst Area (GKA), Southern Java, Indonesia. A. macrophyllus is a native species of GKA which its existence is currently being threatened by anthropogenic activities such as agricultural extension and housing development. To quantify the extinction risk of A. macrophyllus in GKA, an adapted equation from International Institute of Rural Reconstruction (IIRR) was used. Three extinction risk components namely hazard, vulnerability and coping capacity were assessed based on the local’s perception. Hazard was defined as a source of potential threat to A. macrophyllus, vulnerability was a state of A. macrophyllus being exposed to damage, and coping capacity was efforts to reduce the potential damage of A. macrophyllus. Interviews with one hundred and ten respondents were conducted to assess the risk components. The Likert scale was used to analyze the interview results. The results showed that within the scale of 1 to 4, the hazard score for A. macrophyllus was 2.67, the vulnerability score was 1.67, and the coping capacity score was 1.33. Finally, it was estimated that the extinction risk of A. macrophyllus in GKA was 3.35 indicating a moderate level of extinction risk.
Reproductive Biology of Coral Catshark Atelomycterus marmoratus (Anonymous [Bennett], 1830) in Seribu Islands, Indonesia Selvia Oktaviyani; WANWAN KURNIAWAN; FAHMI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 8 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200810

Abstract

This study provides information on the reproductive biology of the coral catshark caught in the waters around Seribu Islands, Indonesia. A total of 257 coral catsharks were collected from February 2017 to January 2018. The total length of coral catshark ranged from 170 to 585 mm for females and 255-575 mm for males, respectively. The total weight of females ranged from 85 to 640 g and males from 100 to 620 g The sex ratio between females and males was 0.45 and it was not significantly different from the expected 1:1 ratio. The growth pattern of coral catsharks in Seribu Island was negatively allometric and the population was dominated by mature sharks. The mean size at first maturity was estimated to be 557 mm for females and 514 mm for males, based on to the relationship between the proportion between maturity stage and total length. The ovulation season was estimated occur from October to March, whereas September to April was mating season based on monthly variations of gonadosomatic index (GSI) values and the occurrence of egg cases in uterus.
Diversity of mammals in forest patches of Cisokan, Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia TEGUH HUSODO; PUPUT FEBRIANTO; ERRI NOVIAR MEGANTARA; SYA SYA SHANIDA; MUHAMMAD PAHLA PUJIANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 5 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200518

Abstract

Abstract. Husodo T, Febrianto P, Megantara EN, Shanida SS, Pujianto MP. 2019. Diversity of mammals in forest patches of Cisokan, Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1281-1288.  Most species on Java, Indonesia are ecologically associated with or dependent on forests, the island’s high deforestation rates are a major threat to its species. Until now, various efforts to conserve mammals are still focused on natural ecosystems, such as forests. There has not been much research on mammals carried out specifically in non-conservation forest areas, whereas many regions in Indonesia have extensive community lands in the landscape and are directed to be areas that have a conservation function, besides still functioning as a production system. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the diversity of mammals that are still found in Cisokan especially those that have high conservation status and their habitat. Combination of several research methods applied, such as semi-structured interview, sign survey, direct observation, camera trapping, and collapsible trap. Mammalian diversity in the Cisokan forest patched is found in 26 species and among them are endangered species, such as Javan Leopard, Pangolin, and Slow Loris. These three species occupy diverse land cover from natural forest to human lands, such as production forests, settlements, rice fields, and agroforestry or mixed gardens. The existence of these species on human land has the potential for human-wildlife conflict, so it needs to be studied further in wildlife management in Cisokan.
Decomposition of tree litter: Interaction between inherent quality and environment SYIFA RACHMAWATI; TITUT YULISTYARINI; KURNIATUN HAIRIAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 7 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200722

Abstract

Abstract. Rachmawati S, Yulistyarini T, Hairiah K. 2019. Decomposition of tree litter: Interaction between inherent quality and environment. Biodiversitas 20: 1946-1952. Litter layers protect forest soils, but may not be appreciated in recreation sites such as the Purwodadi Botanical Gardens (PBG), East Java, Indonesia. We quantified litter decomposition rates in mature stands of three tree species: mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla), angsana/narra (Pterocarpus indicus), and bungur/crape myrtle (Lagerstroemia thorelii). To separate inherent litter quality and stand-level environmental factors (such as microclimate, soil), decomposition rates were quantified for each species across all three stands. A possible interaction on decomposition rates is known as ‘home-field advantage’ (HFA). Litter-weight loss from TSBF-standard litter bags was observed at 0, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after litter bags were installed to estimate the half-life time (t50). We also solicited visitor views on the presence of a thick litter layer on garden floor. Decomposition of angsana (t50=48 weeks) was 15% faster at its ‘own home’ than in ‘neighbors home’. No significant HFA effects were found in bungur/crape myrtle litter that decomposed slower in its home environment, while mahogany decomposition was independent of location. Generally, PBG visitors knew the benefits of litter and were not bothered by its presence; litter increased the attractiveness for visitors to enjoy their happy days under the shade of trees in a ‘tropical autumn’.

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