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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
 156   157   158   159   160 
Socio-ecological perspective of local bio-resources based production system of palm sugar and palm flour from aren (Arenga pinnata): Case study of Sukaresmi Village, West Bandung, Indonesia SUSANTI WITHANINGSIH; PARIKESIT PARIKESIT; JOHAN ISKANDAR; RISYA PUTRI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 7 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200727

Abstract

Abstract. Withaningsih S, Parikesit, Iskandar J, Putri R. 2019. Socio-ecological perspective of local bio-resources based production system of palm sugar and palm flour from aren (Arenga pinnata): Case study of Sukaresmi Village, West Bandung, Indonesia. Biodiversitas. 20: 1990-1997. The heterogeneity of landscapes, from a socio-ecology viewpoint, has resulted in the emergence of various systems of production for the same end products, which have developed with wide variations and distinctiveness and are based on the local availability of bio-resources. Even on landscapes with extreme biophysical and social conditions, various systems of production can still be encountered. Bio-resource-based systems generally exist on a small scale and in poorly-resourced communities. This study aimed to determine the use of local bio-resources and palm management techniques in different systems used for the production of palm sugar and palm flour. This study utilized a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. Primary data were collected using structured and semi-structured interviews, observations, and participants’ observations. The results showed that palm sugar was processed by peeling the midrib, passing, tapping, and making the midrib into sugar, whereas palm flour was processed by cutting down trees, grating, squeezing, and precipitating the end product. The local bio-resources used in the production of both included Chinese albizia (Albizia chinensis), giant bamboo (Dendrocalamus giganteus), tali bamboo (Gigantochloa apus), kemang (Mangifera kemanga), jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus), and sobsi (Maesopsis eminii). Local knowledge regarding the processing of palm sugar was passed from generation to generation, whereas the knowledge regarding the processing of palm flour was achieved through independent learning and asking questions.
Short communication Phenol contaminant of Bengawan Solo River and characteristics of Portulaca using flavonoid, saponin, and tannin for phytoremediation purposes SITI KHOIRIYAH; EVI GRAVITIANI; PRABANG SETYONO; Suranto Suranto
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 11 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201120

Abstract

Abstract. Khoiriyah S, Gravitiani E, Setyono P, Suranto. 2019. Short communication Phenol contaminant of Bengawan Solo River and characteristics of Portulaca using flavonoid, saponin, and tannin for phytoremediation purposes. Biodiversitas 20: 3269-3274. Bengawan Solo River (BSR) as one of the largest river in Java has been contaminated by several waste products including industrial activities and organic materials produced by households along the edge of river. One of the very dangerous substances was Endocrine Disrupting Compound (EDC). This estrogenic waste solution has been considered to have a negative impact on the environmental conditions which could cause quality water becoming worse. The aims of this research were to identify the quality BSR whether or not contaminated by phenol and to reduce the very potential pollutants of EDC by introducing local native plants of Portulaca species as a candidate of phytoremediation plant agents. To characterize the three species of Portulaca, i.e. P. oleracea, P glandiflora, and P. pillosa, TLC-test to detect their flavonoid, saponin, and tannin were conducted respectively. Accordingly, HPLC was used to detect the presence of EDC. The results showed that BSR’s EDC has been detected with a concentration of 0,0013 ng. Also, all three species of Portulaca contained flavonoid, tannin, and saponin, in which the highest concentration of saponin has been detected in P. pillosa. Based on these results, it is expected that plants containing the highest secondary metabolism, such as saponin would be very promising to be used for phytoremediation purposes. The preliminary result of HPLC showed supporting this prediction.
Short Communication: Application of artificial reefs for fisheries enhancement in Probolinggo, Indonesia Wahyu Isroni; SYIFANIA H. SAMARA; MUHAMMAD B. SANTANUMURTI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 8 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200823

Abstract

Abstract. Isroni W, Samara SH, Santanumurti MB. 2019. Short Communication: Application of artificial reefs for fisheries enhancement in Probolinggo, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2273-2278. Overfishing is one of the biggest challenges in the fisheries sector in Probolinggo, Indonesia. The fish apartment (artificial reefs) was one of the solutions to increase the fish resource since it serves as the habitat for fish to live, spawn, and search for food. In this study, the fish apartment was installed in Probolinggo (Karang Katon and Dringu Beach) from 2017 to 2018. This study showed that five fish species (Caesio cuning, Acanthurus achilles, Acanthurus albipectoralis, Sphyraena jello, and Apagon novemfasciatus) were found in Karang Katon while four species (Chaetodon octofasciatus, Chromobotia macracanthus, Nemipterus japonicas, and Lates calcarifer) lived in Dringu Beach. From a total of 333 fishes, A. achilles was the species with the highest composition level of 51.65% (172) in Karang Katon station. In Dringu Beach station, C. octofasciatus had the highest fish species composition level of 46% (183) from a total of 402 fishes. The diversity index and dominance index in Karang Katon station were low at-1.280 and 0.343, respectively. The diversity index and dominance index in Dringu Beach station were also low at -1.115 and 0.3503. A. achilles had the highest density of 34.4 ind/m3 in Karang Katon station while C. octofasciatus had the highest species density of 36.6 ind/m3 in Dringu Beach Station. From this study, it could be concluded that artificial reefs application enhanced the fisheries in Probolinggo, Indonesia, and help its sustainability.
Hydrocarbon degradation by bacteria from rhizospheres of Imperata cylindrica at oil mining site in Wonocolo, Bojonegoro, Indonesia Mutiara Arum Sari; ENDAH RETNANINGRUM
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 11 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201140

Abstract

Abstract. Sari MA, Retnaningrum E. 2019. Hydrocarbon degradation by bacteria from rhizospheres of Imperata cylindrica at oil mining site in Wonocolo, Bojonegoro, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3422-3429. High oil mining activities cause environmental pollution at the oil mining site. Petroleum spills and waste to the river flow cause blackish discoloration along the riverbank and also some types of plants die. The utilization of rhizospheric bacteria (rhizobacteria) as a bioremediation agent is considered as appropriate for reducing petroleum contaminants. The purposes of this study were to analyze the ability of hydrocarbon degradation by selected rhizobacteria isolates, to identify molecularly and analyze the genetic relationship of hydrocarbon-degrading rhizobacteria based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The rhizobacteria of cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica L.) were isolated from oil mining site in Wonocolo, Kedewan, Bojonegoro, East Java, Indonesia. The 5 isolates of rhizobacteria were then cultured on Bushnell-Haas Mineral Salt (BHMS) medium with the addition of 0.015% crude oil for analyzing their growth based on their cell densities using the Total Plate Count method. The optimal rhizobacteria growth obtained (MTMW2 isolate) was selected and further analysed its ability for hydrocarbon degradation through measuring of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH). Its rhizobacteria were then identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The MTMW2 isolate revealed specific growth rate of 0.14 in BHMS medium with the addition of 0.015% crude oil. After 10 days of incubation, the isolates could degrade Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon in the medium as much as 96.1%. The results of molecular identification and phylogenetic tree construction showed that MTMW2 isolate was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Short Communication: Phenotypic diversity of male pelung chickens in West Java Province, Indonesia INDRAWATI Y. ASMARA; DANI GARNIDA; IWAN SETIAWAN; Ruhyat Partasasmita
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 8 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200819

Abstract

Abstract. Asmara IY, Garnida D, Setiawan I, Partasasmita R. 2019. Short Communication: Phenotypic diversity of male pelung chickens in West Java Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2243-2248. Pelung chickens are indigenous chickens from Cianjur District, West Java Province, Indonesia. The male chickens have long and beautiful crowing and have a distinct body figure compared to other indigenous chickens. Chicken contests are conducted regularly as media to show singing ability and body performance of Pelung chickens. Pelung chickens raised in different areas may have different phenotypic characteristics due to keeper preferences. Also, the phenotypic characteristics of the winners of chicken contests may influence keepers to select their chickens. The objective of this study was to determine the phenotypic characteristics of male Pelung Chickens in different areas in West Java, Indonesia. Comb type, as well as the color of eye, beak, skin, plumage, and shank, were recorded in the study. Data were collected through a survey involving 160 male birds in four different districts in West Java Province including Cianjur, Sukabumi, Bandung and Garut Districts. Key informant interview was carried out to support quantitative data. The results showed a limited variation of phenotypic characteristics among male Pelung chickens. Comb type, as well as skin and plumage colors, are criteria to select male Pelung chickens. Phenotypic characteristics of contest winners are also a reference for Pelung keepers in breeding selection.
The pattern of Etlingera elatior cultivation in agroforestry systems and its use as traditional medicines and food by local people of Kabanjahe, North Sumatra, Indonesia AGUS PURWOKO; HELTIMALA TURNIP; WAHYU HARYATI MASER
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 7 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200728

Abstract

Abstract. Purwoko A, Turnip H, Maser WH. 2019. The pattern of Etlingera elatior cultivation in agroforestry systems and its use as traditional medicines and food by local people of Kabanjahe, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1998-2003. Etlingera elatior or kecombrang (Indonesian name) is a native plant of Indonesia. In Kabanjahe, this plant is planted in agroforestry systems. The purposes of this study were to describe the pattern of Etlingera elatior cultivation in agroforestry systems, and to document the use of Etlingera elatior as medicines and food by the local people of Kabanjahe, North Sumatra. Data were collected with field observations and interviews, and the collected data were analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that kecombrang was planted in agroforestry systems in three patterns, namely (i) kecombrang, cinnamon, and coffee, (ii) kecombrang, coffee, and bamboo, and (iii) and kecombrang, avocado, and vegetables. Kecombrang has been used as medicines for cough, wound, eye problems, fever, low breast milk production, odor, and hair thinning. In addition, kecombrang has also been used as a food ingredient in ubi tumbuk, ikan arsik, sambal kincung, getah tasak telu, cipera, terong dotak, gat-gat, and gulen manuk. With this research, it is suggested that agroforestry systems be developed to improve economic benefits for the local people of Kabanjahe.
Short Communication: Behavioral study on Anguilla bicolor using a modified trap design at laboratory scale Aristi Dian Purnama Fitri; Herry Boesono; Faik Kurohman; Bogi Budi Jayanto; Desca Estiyani Dewi; Agus Sabdono
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 8 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200809

Abstract

Abstract. Fitri ADP, Boesono H, Kurohman F, Jayanto BB, Dewi DE, Sabdono A. 2019. Short Communication: Behavioral study on Anguilla bicolor using a modified trap design at laboratory scale. Biodiversitas 20: 2159-2165. The information on the behavioral juvenile eels Anguilla bicolor is urgently needed as basic design of selective and sustainable traps. The objectives of this study were to find out and analyze the behavioral pattern and characteristics of A. bicolor elvers in the modified and non-modified eel traps. The test organism, A. bicolor juvenile eels with 150-170 mm in length, were obtained from Segara Anakan waters, Cilcacap. The 2 trap designs, which were modifications of the 450 mm long PVC eel trap, with and without the addition of bait hole, were used in this study. All experiments were carried out in the laboratory of Fish Behavior, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia. The eel characters and response time were recorded using a handy camera that placed on top of the aquariums. The results indicated six types of A. bicolor behavior in response to the modification of eel traps. Moreover, the trap design with an additional hole on the wall, with or without bait, was proven to have no significant effect on the response time. While trap without column and bait possessed the fastest response time at which elver penetrated to the trap (p-value ? 0.05). Furthermore, these results indicated that A. bicolor elver gained entrance into the trap, in an attempt to take shelter.
Short Communication: Analysis of the chemical constituents and micromorphology of Bauhinia scandens using SEM-EDS techniques LIANAH LIANAH; FATAH IDRIS; KRISANTINI KRISANTINI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 7 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200736

Abstract

Abstract. Lianah L, Idris F, Krisantini K. 2019. Short Communication: Analysis of the chemical constituents and micromorphology of Bauhinia scandens using SEM-EDS techniques. Biodiversitas 20: 2055-2060. Some species of Bauhinia had a medicinal efficacy however the specific studies of Bauhinia scandens Willd. are relatively limited. Therefore this study analyzed the material and micromorphological characteristics of leaves, stems and roots of B. scandens using scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) to quantitatively assess the elements and explore its potential uses. Samples of fresh plant were taken from five locations in Indonesia, and the results showed similar snake-like stem morphology from two locations, while pilot ladder-like stem morphology was observed from the other three locations. The material analysis revealed the presence of carbon, oxygen, silicon, potassium, indium, tellurium, aluminum and iron in the samples. Interestingly, the stems did not contain indium and aluminum whereas iron were only found in the roots. Furthermore, the young leaves did not contain tellurium and silicon. The presence of indium which is potential as a cancer drug in B. scandens suggests promising uses of the plant for herbal medicines.
Outline-based geometric morphometric analysis to identify two Anopheles and three Culex mosquitoes in Thailand TANAWAT CHAIPHONGPACHARA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 7 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200711

Abstract

Abstract. Chaiphongpachara T. 2019. Outline-based geometric morphometric analysis to identify two Anopheles and three Culex mosquitoes in Thailand. Biodiversitas 20: 1866-1872. Geometric morphometric (GM) techniques have become popular for applications in entomology studies, especially mosquitoes. Outline-based methods (OTLs) are one such form of GM technique used to analyze pseudo-landmarks on contours or boundary outlines. This study investigated the efficacy of an OTL to distinguish two species of Anopheles mosquitoes including An. epiroticus and An. subpictus s.l. and three species of Culex mosquitoes, including Cx. quinquefasciatus, Cx. visnui and Cx. whitmorei in Thailand and compared outlines, including internal outline 1 (IOL1), internal outline 2 (IOL2) and external outline (EOL) within the mosquito wing to assess the optimal outline for analysis. The results indicated that OTLs were highly effective with certain species and each outline had the potential difference for identification. For size analysis, An. epiroticus had a mean perimeter length of IOL2 and EOL length larger than An. subpictus. Different sizes between species was found in IOL1, which was statistically significant after Bonferroni test (p < 0.05). Culex size analysis of IOL2 and EOL demonstrated a statistical difference for all species while size difference patterns between outlines found that IOL1 differed from other outlines. While shapes in two Anopheles of all cells were different between species, there was statistical significance based on Mahalanobis distances (p < 0.05). Almost all pairwise Mahalanobis distances between Culex species of IOL1, IOL2 and EOL established statistical differences, except for pairs of Cx. visnui and Cx. whitmorei via IOL2 analysis.  
Species relationship and genetic diversity in some Iranian Lamium L. species using ISSR markers FATEMEH AZIMISHAD; MASOUD SHEIDAI; SAYED MEHDI TALEBI; ZAHRA NOORMOHAMMADI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 7 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200724

Abstract

Abstract. Azimishad F, Sheidai M, Talebi SM, Noormohammadi Z. 2019. Species relationship and genetic diversity in some Iranian Lamium L. species using ISSR markers. Biodiversitas 20: 1963-1972. Lamium is a widespread and taxonomically complex genus of Lamiaceae which comprises of 16-38 species. This genus is represented in Iran by nine species. In the present study, we used morphological and molecular (ISSR, Cp DNA, and nrITS) data to evaluate species relationships, genetic diversity and population genetic structure of the genus. 27 morphological characteristics, including 13 qualitative and 14 quantitative, and ten ISSR markers were used for morphological and genetical evaluation of 73 accessions from eight taxa. In general, species relationships obtained from morphological and molecular data were largely congruent. In the morphological study, characteristics like the life form, leaf shape, absence/existence of bracts and shape of corolla, were distinctive traits and we did not encounter intermediate forms. Our findings indicated a very high efficiency of the ISSR markers in the identification and delimitation of Lamium species. These results confirmed the placement of L. galeobdolon in the genus Lamium and segregation of L. purpureum and L. garganicum in section Lamium. AMOVA analysis revealed that the species of this genus are genetically differentiated. Nm analysis showed very low value of gene flow among the studied species and mantel test indicated isolation by distance occurred among them.

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