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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Phenotypic diversity characterization of Kalang and Thale Noi Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in Indonesia and Thailand: Perspectives for the buffalo breeding development SUHARDI Suhardi; PIJUG SUMMPUNN; MONCHAI DUANGJINDA; SUWIT WUTHISUTHIMETHAVEE
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 11 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211118

Abstract

Abstract. Suhardi, Summpunn P, Duangjinda M, Wuthisuthimethavee S. 2020. Phenotypic diversity characterization of Kalang and Thale Noi Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in Indonesia and Thailand: Perspectives for the buffalo breeding development. Biodiversitas 21: 5128-5137. Kalang (KBuf) and Thale Noi buffaloes (TBuf) are swamp buffalo breeds important for biodiversity resources and permeate culture, religion, meat supply, and livelihood in Indonesia and Thailand. This study aimed to analyze the phenotypic characterization within breeds of KBuf/TBuf using quantitative and qualitative performance to define diversity. A total of 240 buffaloes from North (NK), East (EK), South Kalimantan (SK), Indonesia, and Phatthalung (PT), Thailand were observed. Phenotypic characterization showed female TBuf had the highest quantitative variable values with significant difference (P<0.05) from KBuf. Also, SK KBuf males had the highest qualitative variable values with significant difference (P<0.05) from EK and NK. The morphometric indices showed male buffaloes from SK and PT had close index values (P>0.05) and females from EK, SK, and PT showed a close relationship (P>0.05). The cumulative index results demonstrated KBuf/TBuf as very good meat-producing livestock. In conclusion, variations in qualitative and quantitative variables indicate phenotypic diversity in KBuf/TBuf which is a basis to perform selection and breeding development through pedigree recording, reproductive efficiency, cross-breeding, and genetic modification to produce high-quality buffalo breeding stock. KBuf/TBuf can provide high-quality red meat through improved genetic quality, productivity, and economic management towards modern buffalo breeding development.
The morphological characters and DNA barcoding identification of sweet river prawn Macrobrachium esculentum (Thallwitz, 1891) from Rongkong watershed of South Sulawesi, Indonesia Jurniati Jurniati; DIANA ARFIATI; SAPTO ANDRIYONO; ASUS MAIZAR SURYANTO HERTIKA; ANDI KURNIAWAN; WENDY ALEXANDER TANOD
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220116

Abstract

Abstract. Jurniati, Arfiati D, Andriyono S, Hertika AMS, Kurniawan A, Tanod WA. 2021. The morphological characters and DNA Barcoding identification of sweet river prawn Macrobrachium esculentum (Thallwitz, 1891) from Rongkong watershed of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 113-121. Freshwater prawns of the genus Macrobrachium Bate, 1868 (Crustacea: Palaemonidae), play an essential role in freshwater ecosystems. Apart from being a crucial biotic component, freshwater prawns are also an important fishery commodity. The sweet river prawn Macrobrachium esculentum (Thallwitz, 1891) is a freshwater prawn that inhabits the Wallacea area and is a key constituent of crustacean biodiversity. However, morphological studies on Macrobrachium prawns that inhabit Sulawesi are still minimal. This study is the first report on the morphological and DNA barcoding identification of freshwater prawn M. esculentum downstream of the Rongkong watershed in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The morphological characterization includes morphometric and meristic characteristics and is complemented by the DNA barcoding of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) region. The analysis of the morphometric characteristics showed the formation of two population groups: the Waelawi River group and the Salujambu-Pombakka Rivers group. However, the meristic characteristics of M. esculentum from the three rivers were not significantly different. Meanwhile, the DNA barcoding analysis confirmed that the samples collected from the three rivers belong to the same species. This study provides information on the identification of M. esculentum inhabiting the Rongkong watershed and its population characters and grouping based on morphometric and meristic characteristics. This information can contribute to the management of fishery resources and the conservation of M. esculentum prawn resources in the Rongkong watershed, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.
Isolation and characterization of chalcone synthase (CHS) gene from Phalaenopsis and Doritaenopsis orchids Dewi Sukma; Aline Sisi Handini; Sudarsono Sudarsono
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 11 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211109

Abstract

Abstract. Sukma D, Handini AS, Sudarsono. 2020. Isolation and characterization of chalcone synthase (CHS) gene from Phalaenopsis and Doritaenopsis orchids. Biodiversitas 21: 5054-5064. Chalcone synthase (CHS) is a key enzyme in flavonoid biosynthesis. The research aims to isolate and characterize the CHS gene nucleotide sequence diversity of nine Phalaenopsis and one Doritaenopsis genotypes. Genomic DNA was isolated from young leaves and used to PCR amplify the gene using CHS specific degenerate primers. Results of PCR amplification yielded DNA fragments of 700 bp. Upon sequencing and nucleotide sequence analysis, we found that the genomic fragments were partial CHS gene from Phalaenopsis and Doritaenopsis genotypes and deposited the sequences in the NCBI Genebank Database accession numbers of KR184089-KR184098. More analysis of the sequences confirmed they shared ranged from 81-99% sequence identities to known CHS genes from Phalaenopsis deposited in the NCBI Database. They also shared 84-100% amino acid residues identity to CHS polypeptides. Multiple sequence alignment (MSA) and phylogenetic analysis further revealed the determined CHS nucleotide sequences from Phalaenopsis and Doritaenopsis genotypes were closely related to CHS genes from other orchid species.
Short Communication: Density and length-weight relationship of mudskipper (Periophthalmus spp.) in the mangrove area of Kairatu Beach, Maluku, Indonesia Diana Taniwel; Fredy Leiwakabessy; Dominggus - Rumahlatu
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 11 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211155

Abstract

Abstract. Taniwel D, Leiwakabessy F, Rumahlatu D. 2020. Short Communication: Density and length-weight relationship of mudskipper (Periophthalmus spp.) in the mangrove area of Kairatu Beach, Maluku, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5465-5473. Mudskippers (genus Periophthalmus) fish species inhabit mudflat, sandy beaches, and mangrove areas. Their daily activities are influenced by tidal rhythms. The aim of this research was to identify the species of mudskipper, their density, and length-weight relationship of more density species in the mangrove area of ??Kairatu beach, Maluku, Indonesia. This research was conducted from July to August 2018, 3 sampling sites using purposive sampling technique. The physical-chemical parameters of environmental conditions (temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity, and pH of water) were measured directly on location (in-situ), while the different mudskippers species present in the study sites were identified in the laboratory at the Pattimura University. Quantitative data on population density and length and weight of individuals were obtained for four Periophthalmus species. The physical-chemical parameters of environmental conditions in the three sampling stations were within the range of optimal values previously obtained for mudskipper species. The temperatures ranged from 30.01-30.05 oC, the dissolved oxygen ranged from 7.1-7.5 mg/L, the pH ranged from 7.3-7.5, and the salinity ranged from 5-7 ‰. The four mudskippers species identified in the sampling sites were (in density descending order): Periophthalmus argentilineatus (5.05 ind/m2), P. gracilis (1.5 ind/m2), P. malaccensis (0.4 ind/m2) and P. kalolo (0.3 ind/m2). The results of the regression analysis showed that there was no significant relationship between physical-chemical parameters to mudskipper density. The results of the length-weight relationship of the two most abundant species P. argentilineatus and P. gracilis a negative allometric length-weight relationship (b<3), while the P. kalolo and P. malaccensis indicated a positive allometric growth type (b>3).
The abundance and diversity of grasshopper communities in relation to elevation and land use in Malang, Indonesia Amin Setyo Leksono; Bagyo Yanuwiadi; Aminudin Afandhi; MOHAMMAD FARHAN; Anisa Zairina
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 12 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211206

Abstract

Abstract. Leksono AS, Yanuwiadi B, Afandhi A, Farhan M, Zairina A. 2020. The abundance and diversity of grasshopper communities in relation to elevation and land use in Malang, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5614-5620. Ecological factors include interactions of the community members with numerous biotic and abiotic factors such as temperature, humidity, precipitation, light intensity, and seasonality show an altitudinal gradient. Most grasshopper species play a role as herbivores and are a good source of protein for other animals such as amphibians, small reptiles, birds, and small mammals. This study aimed to analyze variations in the abundance, richness, and diversity of grasshopper species along an altitudinal gradient. This research was conducted in five locations in Malang District, East Java, Indonesia, namely Bantur, Sumber Pujung Lawang, Pujon, and Poncokusumo. Grasshopper sampling was carried out by the sweeping method using an insect net. Sweepings were carried out on four plots with each plot size of 2 x 10 m2. Sampling was conducted four times from June to August 2020. The data were analyzed using the Shannon Wiener index (diversity analysis) and the Bray-Curtis index. The differences between locations were tested by one-way analysis of variance. Land use was analyzed by ArcGIS, using Landsat imagery 8. The abundance of grasshoppers had a significant negative correlation with elevation. That correlation was positive to species richness and diversity of grasshoppers. That with species diversity was significant, while that with species richness was not significant. The greatest abundance of the grasshopper was found in the middle elevation in Lawang (19.39 ± 2.12). In contrast, the highest species richness and diversity were found in the highest elevation in Poncokusumo (richness = 15.75 ± 1.60 and H '= 2.58 ± 0.11). Land use variation was not significant on abundance, species, richness, and diversity of grasshoppers. Interestingly, the high similarity of the grasshopper compositions in low elevation habitats was detected, indicating that land use in the low land area was remarkable. The abundance of grasshopper had a significant positive correlation with temperature but negatively correlated with humidity. There was no significant correlation among species richness, species diversity with temperature and humidity.
Field test on the palatability of the subterranean termites to pine wood with various treatments Arinana Arinana; Ahmad Fannani; Dodi Nandika; Noor Haneda
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 12 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211237

Abstract

Abstract. Ariana, Fannani AR, Nandika D, Haneda NF. 2020. Field test on the palatability of the subterranean termites to pine wood with various treatments. Biodiversitas 21: 5763-5771. One of the keys to successfully determining the subterranean termite species' diversity in an area is using wood samples of their preference. This research aimed to evaluate the palatability of the subterranean termites to pine wood (Pinus merkusii) with boiling, steaming, hot vapor pressure, and oven treatments in the Arboretum of the Faculty of Forestry, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia, and to analyze the species and the distribution of the subterranean termites that attacked the samples. The wood samples were 2 cm x 2 cm x 46 cm in size (ASTM D 1758-06). The steaming (100°C), boiling (100°C), and hot vapor pressure (1 bar, 105°C) treatments were carried out for five hours, while the oven treatment (103±2°C) was set up for 48 hours. Wood samples without treatment were also prepared as a control. After the treatments, all the samples were air-dried, sanded, weighed, and installed in the research location. The results showed that four subterranean termite species, i.e., Schedorhinotermes sp., Microtermes sp., Capritermes sp., and Macrotermes sp, were found attacking the wood samples. The highest attack frequency and the highest damage intensity were found in wood samples with hot vapor pressure treatment. Based on the scoring, the preeminent treatment for the wood samples was the hot vapor pressured treatment.
Detection and prevalence of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from poultry farms in Blitar, Indonesia DIAN AYU PERMATASARI; ADIANA MUTAMSARI WITANINGRUM; FRESHINTA JELLIA WIBISONO; Mustofa Helmi Effendi
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 10 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211024

Abstract

Abstract. Permatasari DA, Witaningrum AM, Wibisono FJ, Effendi MH. 2020. Detection and prevalence of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strain isolated from poultry farms in Blitar, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 4642-4647. Antibiotics are commonly used as therapy and disease control in humans and animals. However, the widespread use of antibiotics may also trigger the rise of antibiotic resistance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to study the occurrence of Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) of Klebsiella pneumoniae from poultry farms in Blitar. Chicken cloacal swabs were collected from 63 poultry farms (32 broilers and 31 layers) were taken randomly, using total samples 160 broilers and 155 layers. The collected swab samples were inoculated on MacConkey agar medium for isolation and identification. Single colonies were isolated after primary positive cultures and identified by using the IMViC test and TSIA. 28 (8.88%) out of samples were positive for Klebsiella pneumoniae. The antimicrobial confirmation test showed that 53.57% of the K. pneumoniae isolates were Multi-Drug Resistance (MDR) bacteria. The percentage of MDR bacteria against different antibiotics included ampicillin 75%, Erythromycin 42.86%, Tetracycline 35.72%, Sulfamethoxazole 32.14% and Streptomycin 21.4%. This study confirms that the percentage of resistant isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae from 5 antimicrobial agents of broiler chicken is higher than layer chicken. The presence of multidrug-resistant bacteria is a threat to public health and livestock. The impact of these conditions leaves a limited treatment option as chicken farmers in Indonesia still using antibiotics without veterinarian supervision.
Heterospecific and conspecific associations of trees in lowland tropical forest of New Guinea Agustinus Murdjoko; MARTHEN MATHIAS JITMAU; DONY ARISTONE DJITMAU; RIMA HERLINA SETIAWATI SIBURIAN; ANTONI UNGIRWALU; ALFREDO OTTOW WANMA; ZULFIKAR MARDIYADI; ALEXANDER RUMATORA; WOLFRAM YAHYA MOFU; ANTON SILAS SINERI; SEPUS MARTEN FATEM; DESCARLO WORABAI; NUNANG LAMAEK MAY; MAX JONDUDAGO TOKEDE; HERMAN WARMETAN; CHARLY BRAVO WANGGAI; JIMMY FRANS WANMA; ELIESER VIKTOR SIRAMI; JOHANA BETY PAEMBONAN; ERNI UNENOR; RELAWAN KUSWANDI; KRISMA LEKITOO; LISNA KHAYATI; NITHANEL MIKAEL HENDRIK BENU; JUNUS TAMBING; ANDI SASTRA BENNY SARAGIH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 9 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210960

Abstract

Abstract. Murdjoko A, Jitmau MM, Djitmau DA, Siburian RHS, Ungirwalu A, Wanma AO, Mardiyadi Z, Rumatora A, Mofu WY, Sineri AS, Fatem SM, Worabai D, May NL, Tokede MJ, Warmetan H, Wanggai CB, Wanma JF, Sirami EV, Paembonan JB, Unenor E, Kuswandi R, Lekitoo K, Khayati L, Benu NMH, Tambing J, Saragih ASB. 2020. Heterospecific and conspecific associations of trees in lowland tropical forest of New Guinea. Biodiversitas 21: 4405-4418. The vegetation in the tropical rainforest of New Guinea consists of a large number of species that interact with each other within and among species. While several studies have attempted to reveal the diversity of flora of New Guinea, little is known about plant communities that develop associations. This study aimed to investigate the associations of tree species in lowland tropical forest in New Guinea. The associations depicted in this study were in the form of conspecific associations (among small and large individuals within same species) and heterospecific (among individuals of different species and divided into under and upper story). We established 48 rectangular plots created in Murkim and Teiraplu as part of Pegunungan Bintang Regency, Papua Province. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was used to analyze heterospecific and conspecific associations. The results showed that the understory and upper story vegetation had different patterns of heterospecific association. The understory configured three heterospecific associations, consisting of 5, 13, and 90 species, while the upper story formed four heterospecific associations with 4, 8, 11, and 63 species. The analysis of conspecific associations showed of 149 tree species recorded in the study sites, only 66 species that had both small and large individuals, displaying the pattern of conspecific association. Among them, 41 species had positive associations while 25 species had negative associations. Our findings enrich the knowledge in theoretical ecology of tropical forests, especially in New Guinea.
Nutritional value and growth performance of sea worms (Nereis sp.) fed with Hermetia illucens maggot flour and grated coconut (Cocos nucifera) as natural feed Vivi Endar Herawati; Pinandoyo Pinandoyo; Seto Windarto; Nurmanita Rismaningsih; Putut Har Riyadi; YS Darmanto; Ocky Karna Radjasa
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 11 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211151

Abstract

Abstract. Herawati VE, Pinandoyo, Windarto S, Rismaningsih N, Riyadi PH, Darmanto YS, Radjasa OK. 2020. Nutritional value and growth performance of sea worms (Nereis sp.) fed with Hermetia illucens maggot flour and grated coconut (Cocos nucifera) as natural feed. Biodiversitas 21: 5431-5437. Sea worms are one of the natural feeds used for shrimp aquaculture. This study aimed to investigate the growth performance and nutritional quality of sea worms (Nereis sp.) fed with Hermetia illucens maggot flour and grated coconut (Cocos nucifera). Nereis sp. individuals were cultured at a density of 100/plastic container for 35 days, and fed twice daily with a feeding rate of 5% of the total body weight. This study used five treatments, i.e.: A. 50% maggot flour and 50% coconut grated, B. 75% maggot flour and 25% coconut grated, C. 25% maggot flour and 75% grated coconut, D. 100% maggot flour, and E. 100% coconut grated. The results showed that the sea worms fed on maggot flour and grated coconut had a significant effect (P < 0.01) on the survival rate (SR), feed conversion rate (FCR), and feed efficiency. Treatment D showed the highest absolute growth value, specific growth rate (SGR), feed efficiency, and SR (0.45 g, 3.25%, 49.23%, and 99.67%). Feeding rate n ranged from 30.50% to 34.67%, and the FCR value ranged from 2.07-2.43%. The highest nutrient contents were observed in treatment D, with 54.05% protein, 22.54% fatty acid, 55.46 ppm methionine, and 10.98% EPA. This result suggested that Nereis sp. fed with 100% maggot flour had the greatest nutritional quality and growth performance.
Insect diversity in various distances to forest edge in small nature reserve: A case study of Bantarbolang Nature Reserve, Central Java, Indonesia darsono darsono; EDY RIWIDIHARSO; SLAMET SANTOSO; EMING SUDIANA; EDY yani; ERIE KOLLYA NASUTION; HEXA APRILLIANA; TITI CHASANAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 10 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211048

Abstract

Abstract. Darsono, Riwidiharso E, Santoso S, Sudiana E, Yani E, Nasution EK, Aprilliana H, Chasanah T. 2020. Insect diversity in various distances to forest edge in small nature reserve: A case study of Bantarbolang Nature Reserve, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 4821-4828. A nature reserve is a conservation area with the objective of conserving the biodiversity of the flora and fauna within its boundaries. However, many nature reserves are fragmented into small extent and isolated from natural habitat, causing the so-called edge effect. This research aimed to investigate insect diversity across various distances to forest edge in small and isolated protected areas. Research was conducted in the Bantarbolang Nature Reserve, Pemalang District, Central Java, Indonesia. A survey was conducted to determine the diversity of insects, especially those from the Diptera (flies), Lepidoptera (butterfly), and Hymenoptera (bees and wasp) orders. The environmental parameters recorded were temperature, humidity, and flowering plant diversity and abundance. Line transects were laid at a length of 100 m, parallel to the forest edge at three different distance ranges from the edge: 0-50 m, 50-100 m, and 100-150 m. Species diversity was measured using the Shannon-Wiener index, evenness index, and Sorensen similarity index. Over the 4-month study period, 1713 individual insects from 63 species and from the following three orders were found: Lepidoptera (Rhopalocera; 33 species, 5 families, 932 individuals); Hymenoptera (20 species, 423 individuals) and Diptera (10 species, 7 families, 376 individuals). The highest diversity was found at the edge of the forest and the lowest at the distance of 100-150 m from the forest edge. While the study area can support a diversity of insects, especially pollinating insects, but it is unable to support the conservation of light-sensitive butterflies. The results of this study suggest that small nature reserve can support a diversity of pollinating insects, especially from the Diptera, Lepidoptera, and Hymenoptera. However, it has limited conservation potential because of the significant impact of forest edges on species composition, especially on specialist butterfly species with habitat in forest interior.

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