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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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The use of effector gene based-markers to facilitate identification of Fusarium sp. infected shallot in Java, Indonesia Lina Herlina; BONJOK ISTIAJI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 10 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211029

Abstract

Abstract. Herlina L, Istiaji B. 2020. The use of effector gene based-markers to facilitate identification of Fusarium sp. infected shallot in Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 4677-4685. One of the most important diseases and become challenge in breeding resistant variety of shallots in Indonesia is Fusarium disease, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae (FOC). To discriminate the F. oxysporum into forma speciales is uneasy, often managed through laborious and time-intensive disease assays., therefore molecular approaches become the most relevant choice. FOCs from Indonesia were examined by molecular criteria based on putative and effector genes-based markers, i.e.: SIX-genes, C5-gene, and CRX1-2-genes. The alignment analysis discovered some regions which sequences highly contained conserved bases, while amplification result bands vary in size, between 400 - 500 bp. The combined of 7 SIX-genes primers and 3 effector primers (C5 and CRX1-2) used in the clustering analysis of 15 FOC isolates in this study showed that they succeeded in separating 15 FOC isolates into 4 groups through NTSys. Clustering analysis showed that those markers succeeded in grouping 15 FOC isolates into different clades (by coefficient of similarity: 0.69). Phylogenetic analysis based on CRX genes sequence as putative effector genes confirmed that  CRX1 and CRX2 genes were able to classify the FOC into their forma speciales. Those effectors genes are potential to serve as marker-templates to facilitate identification of FOC which infested shallots in Indonesia.
Root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in various age classes of revegetation post-coal mine Mohammad Agus Salim; SRI WILARSO BUDI R.; LULUK SETYANINGSIH; ISKANDAR ISKANDAR; IMAM WAHYUDI; HIFZIL KIRMI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 11 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211105

Abstract

Abstract. Salim MA, Budi RSW, Setyaningsih L, Iskandar, Wahyudi I, Kirmi H. 2020. Root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in various age classes of revegetation post-coal mine. Biodiversitas 21: 5013-5022. This study aims to evaluate the status of colonization of the roots of the host plant in various age classes of revegetation of post-coal mining land associated with AMF spores populations and soil fertility. The study was conducted in the post-mining revegetation land at PT. Berau Coal, East Kalimantan. Isolation of the spores was carried out using the wet-sieving and centrifugation method, while the colonization of the roots was carried out by the root coloring technique. Revegetation activities have been able to increase the content of some nutrients in the soil. The AMF population shows tendency an increase along with the increasing revegetation age classes. Eight-year revegetation age classes have the highest average number of spores. Plant species and understorey have shown the existence of AMF colonization with different values for each species. AMF root colonization has a negative relationship with the number of spores in the soil. The C-organic, N-total, CEC Ca, Mg and Fe contents have a positive correlation with AMF root colonization, while available P, total P, K, and Al have a negative correlation with AMF root colonization. Mg was significantly correlated (r = 0.861) to AMF root colonization.
Spatio-temporal variability of temperature and chlorophyll-a concentration of sea surface in Bali Strait, Indonesia Adi Wijaya; UMI ZAKIYAH; ABU BAKAR SAMBAH; DADUK SETYOHADI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 11 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211132

Abstract

Abstract. Wijaya A, Zakiyah U, Sambah AB, Setyohadi D. 2020. Spatio-temporal variability of temperature and chlorophyll-a concentration of sea surface in Bali Strait, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5283-5290. The Bali Strait is influenced by seasonal and inter-annual systems. El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) are climate variabilities that affect water conditions. The knowledge about influence of ENSO and IOD variations on the fertility of waters in the Bali Strait is still lacking. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of seasonal and inter-annual variability on the variability of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and Sea Surface Chlorophyll-a (SSC) in the Bali Strait. This study applied SST and SSC data collected from the Aqua/Terra MODIS satellite, as well as the ENSO and IOD indices during March 2000-December 2019. The results described that the effect of ENSO on SST and SSC was low and IOD on SST and SSC was quite high. The effect was quite high between IOD and SST anomaly of-0.401. Seasonal variations indicate the abundance of high SSC and low SST in the southeast monsoon (JJA) which characterizes upwelling. Meanwhile, in the northwest monsoon (DJF), SSC was low and SST was high which characterizes downwelling. This condition cannot separate from the monsoonal process that occurred in the Bali Strait. The inter-annual variation showed that in the strong El Nino period and IOD (+) triggers a negative SST anomaly and a positive SSC results in strong upwelling, while in the strong La Nina period and strong IOD (-) triggers a positive SST anomaly and a negative SSC results in downwelling. The inter-annual variability of SSC influenced by IOD rather than ENSO. This condition indicates that the ENSO/IOD event changes the period of SSC concentration.
Short Communication: Leptospirosis control based on eco-social factors: Modeling combination in Demak, Central Java, Indonesia Rr Anggun Paramita Djati; Haryoto Kusnoputranto; Suyud Warno Utomo; Mateus Sakundarno; Pandji Wibawa Dewabrata; Habiburrachman Alfian Houzaeri Fuad; Mochammad Arief Wicaksono
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 12 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211245

Abstract

Abstract. Djati RRAP, Kusnoputanto H, Utomo SW, Sakundarno M, Dewabrata PW, Duad HAH, Wicaksono MA. 2020. Short Communication: Leptospirosis control based on eco-social factors: Modeling combination in Demak, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5818-5828. Ecological habitats and niches of leptospirosis as one of the environmental-based diseases need to be explored in an in-depth study based on eco-social analysis. The objective of this study was to develop an integrated leptospirosis control model based on eco-social factors. The location of the study was in Demak districts, Indonesia. Geographic coordinate data of cases during 2008-2018 were determined from the survey results of District Health Offices. Climatic and environmental data were obtained from Indonesian Meteorological, Climatological, Geophysical and Geospatial Information Agencies. Data on social factors were obtained by interviewing diseased persons using in-depth interview. Recorded cases and corresponding point location environmental data were then analyzed using ArcGIS and MaxEnt programs. Social network analysis was used to describe the factors involved in efforts to control leptospirosis and the relationship. The model predicted that the intervention was biological control, which had the highest leverage to reduce the morbidity rate. Health workers played an important role in efforts to control leptospirosis, although they were supported by self-supporting roles of the community. Management and control of natural and socio-environmental risk factors are very important. Combination model based on eco-social approach would be a useful tool to design and implement appropriate leptospirosis control.
Characterization of entomopathogenic fungi as a natural biological control of American cockroaches (Periplaneta americana) EMANTIS ROSA; C.N. EKOWATI; TUNDJUNG TRIPENI HANDAYANI; AHMAD IKHSANUDIN; FERLY APRILIANI; Achmad Arifiyanto
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 11 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211131

Abstract

Abstract. Rosa E, Ekowati CN, Handayani TT, Ikhsanudin A, Apriliani F, Arifiyanto A. 2020. Characterization of entomopathogenic fungi as a natural biological control of American cockroaches (Periplaneta americana). Biodiversitas 21: 5276-5282. Eradicating cockroaches using chemical insecticides produces residues that contaminate the environment and promote insect resistance. Biological control has become an option for controlling cockroaches. The use of entomopathogenic fungi is one of them. The aim of this study was to obtain a fungal isolate that was effective at killing cockroaches. The result of entomopathogenic fungi isolation from cockroaches obtained 4 isolates, IK1, IK2, IK3 isolates were included in the Aspergillus genus while IK4 was Penicillium. Extracellular enzymes serve as screening materials for biocontrol candidates. IK1 and IK3 isolates showed higher chitinase activity than the other two isolates. The highest mortality of Periplaneta americana at nymphs stage was 60% achieved by the treatment of Aspergillus sp. IK3 with a concentration of 109 conidia/ mL. In adult stage cockroach the mortality was increased to 86%.
A revised checklist of mosquitoes Genus Coquillettidia Dyar, 1905 (Diptera: Culicidae) from Indonesia with key to species Sidiq Setyo Nugroho; Mujiyono Mujiyono; Fahmay Dwi Ayuningrum; Riyani Setiyaningsih; Upiek Ngesti Wibawaning Astuti
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 12 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211238

Abstract

Abstract. Nugroho SS, Ayuningrum FD, Setyaningsih RS, Astutu UNW. 2020. A revised checklist of mosquitoes Genus Coquillettidia Dyar, 1905 (Diptera: Culicidae) from Indonesia with key to species. Biodiversitas 21: 5772-5777. Mosquito species from Genus Coquillettidia are mostly found in Afrotropic Region, with some species distributed in the Oriental and Australasian Region including Indonesia. Some species are confirmed as the vector for human pathogens. As previous research stated that up to 1981, there were eight species of Coquillettidia that have been on the checklist of mosquitoes in Indonesia. Nowadays, eleven Coquillettidia species present in Indonesia entirely included in Subgenus Coquillettidia. Three species were added to the checklist, namely Cq. fuscopteron Theobald, Cq. novochracea Barraud, and Cq. xanthogaster Edwards. Research and publication about Genus Coquillettidia in Indonesia are still rare, besides that, the identification key of Coquillettidia female mosquito in Indonesia has never been published before. This paper intended to deliver information about the species checklist and distribution of Genus Coquillettidia in Indonesia and provide a species identification key for female mosquitoes.
The contribution of phytoplankton in the carbon adsorption and stock during shrimp culture in brackishwater ponds Bambang Widigdo; MUHAMMAD RIFQI; ALI MASHAR; FITRINA NAZAR; YUSLI WARDIATNO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 11 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211123

Abstract

Abstract. Widigdo B, Rifqi M, Mashar A, Nazar F, Wardiatno Y. 2020. The contribution of phytoplankton in the carbon adsorption and stock during shrimp culture in brackishwater ponds. Biodiversitas 21: 5170-5177. In environmental point of view, it is important to determine the potential of adsorption and stock of blue carbon during shrimp farming in ponds with three cultivation technologies namely: extensive/traditional, semi-intensive, and intensive. The aquatic primary productivity approach is used to measure the potential of carbon adsorption in shrimp ponds, while the carbon conversion of chlorophyll-a content is used to measure its stock. The primary productivity and chlorophyll-a content were measured using three ponds for each cultivation technology every ten days from stocking (DOC 0) until the harvest period. The sampling location is in the BLUPPB shrimp pond area of Karawang, West Java - Indonesia. The study concluded that the adsorption and stock of blue carbon varied during shrimp farming in ponds. The primary productivity and chlorophyll-a content of the three cultivation technologies were the significant difference as the results of ANOVA Single Factor. Carbon adsorption average during extensive/traditional, semi-intensive, and intensive shrimp farming in ponds was 1.912832 g C m-3 day-1, 7.097145 g C m-3 day-1 and 8.250195 g C m-3 day-1, respectively. While, the average carbon stock during shrimp farming in extensive/traditional, semi-intensive, and intensive ponds were 0.64896 g m-3, 14.97473 g m-3, and 25.11102 g m-3, respectively.
Developing a model of employment creation in border region: Gaharu cultivation and honey bee farming in Bengkayang, West Kalimantan, Indonesia Nurul Bariyah
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 11 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211127

Abstract

Abstract. Bariyah N. 2020. Developing a model of employment creation in border region: Gaharu cultivation and honey bee farming in Bengkayang, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5237-5247. The border regions possess political, cultural, and socio-economic complexity. One of major problems in the border regions is the lack of employment opportunity following ups and downs in the economy, suggesting a need for a more sustainable employment opportunity by harnessing local conditions and practices. The main objective of the research was to construct an economic development model in the border region by integrating available natural resources, local initiatives, and external support to provide employment opportunities. We conducted the research in Jagoi Village, Bengkayang District, West Kalimantan, Indonesia which has border with Sarawak, Malaysia. We collected primary data through in-depth interviews, structured interviews, observation, and focus group discussion combined with secondary data. This information was then used to construct the model. Our research found that the population of Jagoi Village consisted of farmers (50%), menial laborers (30%), traders (17%), civil servants (2%), and ojek taxi drivers (1%). In the past, they also received additional income from collecting wild bee honey and gaharu (agarwood) resin. However, large tracks of forest area were cut by commercial loggers or converted into oil palm plantations. Fortunately, Jagoi Village has adat forest which preserved the forest from the expansion of oil palm plantation and is a source of non-wood products to use by the community could use. The research revealed that collecting wild bee honey and gaharu was no longer viable. Started from these conditions, we proposed a model of employment creation by cultivating gaharu and farming honey bee. As such, there is paradigm change from ‘collecting’ or ‘gathering’ into ‘cultivation’ and farming. To be successful, the model integrates six elements, consisting of awareness building, local initiatives, success stories as an example, external support or empowerment, field school, and independent execution. Using this approach the target community will be able to create new employment opportunities which eventually increases their income and prosperity.  
The genetic diversity of ayam ketawa (Gallus gallus domesticus, Linneaus, 1758) in Bangkalan District, Madura Island, Indonesia ABINAWANTO Abinawanto; TRI ZULISTIANA; RETNO LESTARI; ASTARI DWIRANTI; ANOM BOWOLAKSONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220617

Abstract

Abstract. Abinawanto, Zulistiana T, Lestari R, Dwiranti A, Bowolaksono A. 2021. The genetic diversity of ayam ketawa (Gallus gallus domesticus, Linneaus, 1758) in Bangkalan District, Madura Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3145-3155. Ayam Ketawa, a variation of Gallus gallus domesticus Gallus gallus domesticus, comes from  Sidendreng-Rappang (Sidrap) District, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Apart from Sidrap, ayam ketawa farms are also found in Bangkalan District, on the island of Madura, Indonesia. Ayam ketawa from Bangkalan District often wins national level contests. Therefore, the research was carried out with the aim of knowing the genetic diversity of ayam ketawa in Kamal Subdistrict, Socah Subdistrict, and Burneh Subdistrict, based on bioacoustic, morphometric, and barcoding DNA analysis. The studied ayam ketawa consists of dangdut and slow types. The longest duration (6.00 ± 3.0) seconds was shown by ayam ketawa from Kamal Subdistrict, while the highest number of syllables (7.20 ± 5.80) came from Socah Subdistrict. The results of the Mann-Whitney test showed that eight morphological characters were significantly different (P <0.05) between ayam ketawa population in Kamal and Burneh subdistricts, namely body weight, femur length, shank length, shank circumference, wing length, comb height, third finger length, and breastbone length. Four morphological characters differed significantly (P <0.05) between ayam ketawa population in Kamal and Socah subdistricts, namely shank length, wing length, third finger length, and sternum length. Three morphological characters were significantly different (P <0.05) between the Burneh and Socah subdistricts population, namely body weight, femur length, and shank circumference. The analysis results of DNA Barcoding gene of the Cytochrome Oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) showed a genetic distance ranging from 0.025 to 1.872.
Essential oils from Vitex trifolia as an effective repellent for Aedes aegypti Ni Luh Arpiwi; I Ketut Muksin; Eniek Kriswiyanti
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 10 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211060

Abstract

Abstract. Arpiwi NL, Muksin IK, Kriswiyanti E. 2020. Essential oils from Vitex trifolia as an effective repellent for Aedes aegypti. Biodiversitas 21: 4536-4544. Vitex trifolia is a shrub or small tree grown wild from family Verbenaceae commonly found in the sandy shore habitat of the tropicals and sub-tropical countries. This research aims to measure the essential oils yield of V. trifolia leaves, to investigate the secretory cells of the leaf, and to measure repellent activity of the essential oils against Aedes aegypti. Leaves and soil samples were taken from Panjer, Sanur, and Sidakarya Villages of Denpasar, Bali Indonesia. Oil was extracted from fresh leaf samples using steam distillation. The essential oils were analyzed for its constituents using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. The leaf cross-sections were prepared using paraffin embedding method and stained with safranin. The essential oils of V. trifolia at different concentrations (0, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6% w/w) were formulated into lotions. The yield of essential oils was significantly different from the three locations. The main constituent of the oil was cis-ocimene. The essential oil yield was positively correlated with the sand content. The secretory structures of the leaf were idioblast and glandular trichome. Lotions formulated with the essential oils were soft, not greasy, and not sticky upon application to the skin and non-irritant. Lotions with 5 and 6% essential oils gave 100% protection for 3 hours from Ae. aegypti.

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