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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Genetic structuring of Ephedra an important medicinal plant from low to high altitudinal zones of Balochistan, Pakistan Abdul Basit; Shazia Saeed; Alia Ahmed; Nizam Baloch; Asif Zahid Ali
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220223

Abstract

Abstract. Basit A, Saeed S, Ahmed A, Baloch N, Ali AZ. 2021. Genetic structuring of Ephedra an important medicinal plant from low to high altitudinal zones of Balochistan, Pakistan. Biodiversitas 22: 713-718. The current study is based on the genetic structuring of three Ephedra species compared to the morphological and phytochemical investigation. Ephedra is a significant, medicinally important genus growing naturally in arid and semi-arid regions of Balochistan Pakistan. Resolving the taxonomic identification of Ephedra species genetic variability was estimated by using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA and Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats. Higher values revealed that E. foliata possess high genetic diversity. Less diversity was observed within Takatu Mountain Range population. Diversity in Nushki region was found higher than the Takatu Mountain Range. The genetic diversity was maintained within the populations of all three species of Ephedra at Hazarganji-Chiltan National Park. That may be due to the less anthropogenic activity in conserved region of the Park. Assessment and conservation of genetic diversity through molecular markers is essential that could be used as a key to conserve genetic variability. This study is the first endeavor to estimate genetic and phytochemical diversity within and among diverse populations of Ephedra from the region to the best of our knowledge. Genetic diversity can be used as key tool for further development of a management plan for ex situ reproduction and in situ conservation
Bioactivity of carotenoid produced by soft coral symbiotic microorganisms from Panjang and Karimunjawa Island, Central Java, Indonesia Lia Kusmita; Handung Nuryadi; Prasetyo Abi Widyananto; SAKTI MUCHLISSIN; Agus Sabdono; Agus Trianto; Ocky Karna Radjasa
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220226

Abstract

Abstract. Kusmita L, Nuryadi H, Widyananto PA, Muchlissin S, Sabdono A, Trianto A, Radjasa OK. 2021. Bioactivity of carotenoid produced by soft coral symbiotic microorganisms from Panjang and Karimunjawa Island, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 732-740. The diversity of soft corals is more varied in waters. One of the characteristics of soft corals is the production of secondary metabolites, i. i.e. carotenoids. Carotenoids are phytonutrients found in the cells of a wide variety of plants, algae, and bacteria as secondary metabolic compounds with antioxidant functions. Carotenoid biosynthesis is strongly influenced by the environment in which the producing organism grows. This study was aimed to uncover the antioxidant and anti-ultraviolet activities of carotenoids produced by soft coral symbiotic microorganisms in the waters surrounding the Panjang and Karimunjawa Islands in the North Java Sea, Indonesia. The parameters observed included water quality, antioxidant activity, and anti-ultraviolet activity. The results indicated that the water quality at Panjang Island did not meet quality standards (including salinity, visibility, dissolved oxygen, ammonia, and nitrate) while that at Karimunjawa did. The diversity of soft corals was more varied at Karimunjawa Island than at Panjang Island. In contrast to the bioactivity, the carotenoid extracts from the Panjang Island soft coral symbiotic microorganisms showed higher activity than those from Karimunjawa Island microorganisms. The highest antioxidant activity was found in the bacterial isolate 19.PP.Sc1.6 from Panjang Island and was identified based on the 16S rRNA gene as Virgibacillus salarius, with 99% similarity.
Epiphytic yeasts from Piperaceae as biocontrol agents for foot rot of black pepper caused by Phytophthora capsici dian safitri; SURYO WIYONO; BONNY POERNOMO WAHYU SOEKARNO; ACHMAD ACHMAD
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 4 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220436

Abstract

Abstract. Safitri D, Wiyono S, Soekarno BPW, Achmad. 2021. Epiphytic yeasts from Piperaceae as biocontrol agents for foot rot of black pepper caused by Phytophthora capsici. Biodiversitas 22: 1895-1901. Phytophthora capsici, is a causative agent of footrot disease, is the primary pathogen in black pepper (Piper nigrum L.). Footrot disease may cause a loss of 67% black pepper production. Yeast as a biocontrol is a promising technique to control foot rot disease. This study aimed to isolate, characterize yeasts from several species of Piper and determine their effectiveness against foot rot disease. Epiphytic yeasts were isolated from roots, stems, and leaves of Piper nigrum, P. retrofractum, and P. ornatum. The epiphytic yeasts were tested for their antagonistic activity against P. capsici as biocontrol agents. The antagonistic activity was observed through antibiosis mechanisms, volatile organic compound production, hyperparasitism, and the production of ?1-1,3 glucanase enzyme. A total of 48 epiphytic yeasts were isolated from Piper species. There were five isolates with high antibiosis activity in vitro, i.e. EPT23, E62, EPT63, EPT69, EPT70, and identified through molecular identification as Rhodotorula glutinis, Cryptococcus magnus, Filobasidium globisporum, R. mucilaginosa, H. oryzae, respectively. The selected yeast showed biocontrol activity against foot rot disease ranged from 56.7 to 80.0%.
Fucoxanthin identification and purification of brown algae commonly found in Lombok Island, Indonesia yeni sulistiyani; AGUS SABDONO; NORMA AFIATI; HAERUDDIN HAERUDDIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220358

Abstract

Abstract. Sulistiyani Y, Sabdono A, Afiati N, Haeruddin. 2021. Fucoxanthin identification and purification of brown algae commonly found in Lombok Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 1527-1534. Fucoxanthin is a significant carotenoid pigment found in brown algae. Fucoxanthin is the most human-exploited pigment in brown algae due to its health benefits such as antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, fucoxanthin has been mass-produced on an industrial scale as a food supplement. This work focused on identifying, purifying and comparing the fucoxanthin yield diversity at one study site quantitatively. Three brown algae commonly found in Lombok waters have been studied in this work: Sargassum cf. granuliferum, Sargassum polycystum, and Sirophysalis trinodis. Fucoxanthin was successfully identified using HPLC methods, TLC and Spectra absorption analysis. Using HPLC, fucoxanthin was identified at 450 nm wavelength, with a retention time of 3.088-3.095 min. Based on the TLC result, the Rf value of fucoxanthin is 0.46-0.47, while the spectra absorption maxima are 447.6-448.4 nm. The highest fucoxanthin yield was found in S. polycystum, followed by S. cf. granuliferum and Sirophysalis trinodis with 3.01 ± 0.01 mg/g, 2.21 ± 0.002 mg/g, and 0.95 ± 0.01 mg/g, respectively.
The antagonistic activity of marine actinomycetes from mangrove ecosystem against phytopathogenic fungi Colletotrichum sp. KA Qonita Gina Fadhilah; Iman Santoso; Yasman YASMAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220216

Abstract

Abstract. Fadhilah QG, Santoso I, Yasman. 2021. The antagonistic activity of marine actinomycetes from mangrove ecosystem against phytopathogenic fungi Colletotrichum sp. KA. Biodiversitas 22: 642-649.  Marine actinomycetes from mangrove ecosystems are known to be potential antifungal-producing isolates against phytopathogenic fungi. The aim of this research was to obtain potential marine actinomycetes isolates against the phytopathogenic fungi Colletotrichum sp. KA. Screening of 15 marine actinomycetes isolates using a dual culture method with a plug technique showed that 80% of isolates have antagonistic activity, represented as a percentage of growth inhibition range from 47.96% to 84.94%. Among 12 potential isolates, six isolates (SM4, SM11, SM14, SM15, SM18, and SM20) were evaluated for delayed antagonistic activity with incubation periods of 6, 9, and 12 days using the plug and streak techniques. The results showed that the percentage of growth inhibition of selected isolates inclined to increase along with the incubation period prior to inoculation of Colletotrichum sp. KA. Delayed antagonist assays using the streak technique resulted in higher inhibition results compared to the plug technique. Furthermore, the non-delayed assays of the two selected isolates, SM11 and SM15, also inhibited Colletotrichum sp. KA 57.99% and 59.88%, respectively. The delayed antagonist assay with a shorter incubation period of the two selected isolates also showed an increased percentage of growth inhibition of Colletotrichum sp. KA. According to our research, the delayed antagonistic assay of marine actinomycetes isolates with a 12-day incubation period using a plug technique was representative to evaluate the percentage of growth inhibition.
Drought tolerance selection of GT1 rubber seedlings with the addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 SYARIFAH AINI PASARIBU; Mohammad Basyuni; EDISON PURBA; YAYA HASANAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220148

Abstract

Abstract. Pasaribu SA, Basyuni M, Purba E, Hasanah Y. 2021. Drought tolerance selection of GT1 rubber seedlings with the addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000. Biodiversitas 22: 394-400. Tolerance of the rootstock of rubber to drought stress is not optimal. The root system can therefore be used as an indicator of drought tolerance to inhibit the growth of the plant. A good root system of rubber rootstocks is thought to help the plants acquire greater resistance to drought stress. Polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic solution controls the water potential in the growing medium. This study aimed to analyze the effect of PEG 6000 osmotic solution (0%; 7.5%; and 15% concentration) on rubber seedlings leading to the development of morphological characters and sensitivity index. GT1 (Gondang Tapen 1) rubber seeds to be used as planting material were collected from the seed source garden of PT Socfin Indonesia. The study was carried out from January to February 2019, using a non-factorial randomized block design. The morphological characters observed were tapped root length, shoot height, the increased rate of taproot length, shoot height increase rate, ratio of taproot length, and shoot height. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance, discriminant, and drought stress sensitivity index. The results showed that the addition of PEG 6000 in planting media in vitro significantly influenced the character of the rate of increase of taproot length. The sensitivity index of taproot increase rate and the ratio of taproot length and shoot height was moderate at 7.5% levely contrast, the addition of PEG 6000 in planting media in vitro did not significantly impact it. The present study suggested that the rate of increase of taproot length was a distinguishing character showing the initial tolerance level of the GT1 seedlings to drought.
Richness and diversity of insect pollinators in various habitats around Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park, North Sulawesi, Indonesia Roni Koneri; Meis Nangoy; Wakhid WAKHID
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220135

Abstract

Abstract. Koneri R, Nangoy MJ, Wakhid. 2021. Richness and diversity of insect pollinators in various habitats around Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 288-297.  The pollination of plants by insects is one of the most important and essential ecosystem services in natural and agricultural landscapes and Insect pollinators play an important role in this process. This is because they help to transfer pollen from the anther to the stigma, which leads to fertilization. This study aims to analyze the richness and diversity of insect pollinators in various habitats around the Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park, Toraut, North Sulawesi. It was carried out from June to August 2020 on three types of habitats around the National Park, namely forest edges, shrubs and agricultural land. For each habitat, four plots with a size of 50 m x 25 m were made with a distance of 100 m between them. The insect pollinator observation technique used was the scan sampling method. Furthermore, data analysis was carried out on abundance, richness index, diversity index, species evenness index, dominance index and the relationship between sampling locations and environmental factors. The results showed that there were 979 insect pollinators caught at the observation point, which consisted of 60 species from 16 families and 4 orders and the most common order was Hymenoptera with 31 species. The species which were found based on their relative abundance indicated that Nomia strigata was the most abundant followed by Nomia melanderi, Apis dorsata, Ropalidia fasciata and Amegilla zonata. Furthermore, the highest abundance of insect pollinators was found in shrub habitats, while the highest species richness and diversity were found at the forest edge. Therefore, it was concluded that different types of habitat affect the richness and diversity of insect pollinator species around the Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park. In addition, this proves that the forest area of Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park generally supports the abundance, richness, and diversity of insect pollinators, which were discovered in the surrounding habitats, namely shrubs and agricultural land.
Insertion of cellulase gene in yeast expression vector (pYY1 and pWYH257 Plasmid) as a candidate for cellulosic ethanol-producing strain Arief Muammar; Indah Oktaviana; Joseph Chohansandhika; Niken Satuti Nur Handayani
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 5 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220532

Abstract

Abstract. Muammar A, Oktaviana I, Chohansandhika J, Handayani NSN. 2021. Insertion of cellulase gene in yeast expression vector (pYY1 and pWYH257 Plasmid) as a candidate for cellulosic ethanol-producing strain. Biodiversitas 22: 2715-2721. Production of ethanol from cellulose-based materials often faces obstacles because it requires extensive pretreatment and large amounts of cellulase enzymes. Another method that is more efficient is by inserting cellulase genes from cellulolytic microorganisms such as Aspergillus niger which possess cellulase enzymes encoded by cbhA gene. This gene is inserted into the host which will then be used to produce candidate strains able to produce cellulosic ethanol. This study aimed to insert cbhA gene into vector with a strong promoter to form the candidate. Total RNA was isolated from Aspergillus niger and converted into cDNA. The cbhA gene is amplified from cDNA, then used as insert and inserted into yeast expression vector pYY1 and pWYH257. Vector and inserts were cut using restriction enzymes. Ligation products were transformed into competent cells of Escherichia coli DH10B, the transformation results were confirmed by Colony PCR. Recombinant plasmids were transformed into Saccharomyces cerevisiae INVSc1. The results obtained from the study are that cbhA gene amplification has been successfully carried out by producing DNA bands with the size of 1514 bp as expected for the target gene. The gene was successfully inserted into pYY1 and pWYH257 vector and the recombinant pYY1 plasmid was successfully transformed into Saccharomyces cerevisiae INVSc1
Microbiological, physical and chemical properties of joruk (fermented fish product) with different levels of salt concentration Dyah Koesoemawardani; LULU ULYA AFIFAH; NOVITA HERDIANA; A.S. SUHARYONO; ESA GHANIM FADHALLAH; MAHRUS ALI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220118

Abstract

Abstract. Koesoemawardani D. Afifah LU, Herdiana N, Suharyo AS, Fadhallah EG, Ali M. 2021. Microbiological, physical, and chemical properties of joruk (fermented fish product) with different levels of salt concentration. Biodiversitas 22: 132-136. Joruk is a fermented fish product originated in Ogan Komering Ulu Timur, South Sumatra, Indonesia. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of salt on the microbiological, physical and chemical properties of joruk. This research was arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), with treatment of salt concentrations at 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30% (w/w). The follow-up test used the Least Significance Difference (LSD) at 5%. The result of this study showed that the addition of 10% salt produced the best joruk with the best microbiological and chemical properties as follows: total LAB of 8.75 log cfu/g, total microbes of 13.25 log cfu/g, and total mold of 4.27 log cfu/g, pH of 5.85, total lactic acid of 2.97%, Total Volatile Base (TVB) of 153.05 mgN /100g, and water content of 59.33%. Based on this study, it is concluded that the addition of salt at different concentrations significantly affects the pH, total lactic acid, total lactic acid bacteria (LAB), and water content of joruk.
Local snake fruit conservation in East Java, Indonesia: Community knowledge and appreciation Novita Indah; SERAFINAH INDRIYANI; ESTRI LARAS ARUMINGTYAS; RODIYATI AZRIANINGSIH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220151

Abstract

Abstract. Indah NK, Indriyani S, Arumingtyas EL, Azrianingsih R. 2021. Local snake fruit conservation in East Java, Indonesia: Community knowledge and appreciation. Biodiversitas 22: 416-423. The community-based conservation of plant species diversity by variety of utility is an effective method for preserving local plants. Salak or the ‘snake fruit’ from East Java is an important fruit plant species in East Java. However, recent dramatic decline in its production and consumption occurred due to land-use change of plantation into resident or settlement areas. This study aims to analyze the value of local knowledge and appreciation and discusses the conservation strategy to cope with the situation. This descriptive research adopted 328 respondents from 10 local and introduced snake fruit cultivation areas in East Java. Respondents were divided into four age categories: young (17-30 years), adults (30-45 years), middle-aged (45-60 years), and old (>60 years). The questioner consisted of closed and open questions about knowledge (9 questions) and appreciation (13 questions). There were variations in the level of knowledge and appreciation between locations and ages. The highest appreciation about snake fruit utilization was shown by the middle-aged group (85.53% and 75% respectively) based on the age group. In comparison, the lowest scores were shown in the young group (79.82% and 59.80% respectively). The points that support appreciation such as benefits  and value of snake fruit for societal support. Based on the snake fruit cultivation area, the highest score for knowledge and appreciation of its value was found in Bojonegoro (98.1% and 87.01% respectively) while these were the lowest in Trenggalek (68.0% and 57.10% respectively). Appreciation supports community-based conservation through snake fruit festivals, product diversification i.e. making processed foods, and its use in religious ceremonies.

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