cover
Article Per Year (5 Year)
All
Home Page
OAI Link
Editorial Team
Contact
Reviewer
Google Scholar
Contact Name
suranto
Contact Email
editors@smujo.id
Phone
-
Journal Mail Official
editors@smujo.id
Editorial Address
unsjournals@gmail.com
Location
Kota surakarta,
Jawa tengah
INDONESIA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
 264   265   266   267   268 
Distribution of multidrug-resistant Salmonella spp. recovered from aquatic environment of Banda Aceh, Indonesia Suhartono Suhartono; Yulia Sari Ismail; Zahratul Aini
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220243

Abstract

Abstract. Suhartono S, Ismail YS, Aini Z. 2021. Distribution of multidrug-resistant Salmonella spp. recovered from aquatic environment of Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 881-886. The occurrence of pathogenic bacteria in an aquatic system might increase waterborne infections including salmonellosis. This might raise a concern related to the increasing pathogenic bacteria, including the multidrug-resistant Salmonella spp. in the two major rivers, namely Lamnyong and Krueng Aceh crossing the city of Banda Aceh, Indonesia. The objectives of the present study were to isolate and enumerate Salmonella spp. recovered from aquatic environment in Banda Aceh and to determine their antibiotic susceptibility. Bacterial enumeration was performed using most probable number (MPN) method followed by bacterial isolations using selective media Salmonella-Shigella Agar (SSA); whereas, antibiotic susceptibility test was conducted using a procedure as recommended by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. There was no significant Salmonella spp. densities/mL of both locations (p = 0.200) although, on average there was about 441.67 Salmonella spp. MPN/mL in Krueng Aceh as opposed to 20.47 MPN/mL of Lamnyong river. There were 57 Salmonella spp. isolates recovered in the sampling sites, i.e. 38 isolates of Lamnyong and 19 isolates of Krueng Aceh. The results of antibiotic susceptibility tests showed that Salmonella spp. isolates recovered from Lamnyong and Krueng Aceh showed antibiotic resistance to azithromycin, tetracycline, and streptomycin. Moreover, Salmonella spp. isolates also showed high resistance to ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, dan ceftriaxone. All Salmonella spp. isolates were classified as MDR with the number of isolates resistant to 4-6 antibiotics was 33 (57.9%), whereas those that were resistant to 7-9 antibiotics and over 10 antibiotics were 23 (40.4%%) and 5 (8.8%) respectively. The prevalence of MDR Salmonella spp. in the current study suggest that river remain the major reservoirs for the transmission of the pathogen in aquatic systems. An appropriate assessment and monitoring are necessary to reduce the potential health risks and to ensure water quality in the aquatic environment.
Short Communication: Drying methods and diversity of contaminant fungi on coffee beans in South Ogan Komering Ulu District, South Sumatra, Indonesia Deli Lilia; Nurhayati - Damiri; Zulkarnain Muhammad; Mulawarman Mulawarman
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220260

Abstract

Abstract. Lilia D, Damiri N, Zulkarnain M, Mulawarman. 2021. Short Communication: Drying methods and diversity of contaminant fungi on coffee beans in South Ogan Komering Ulu District, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 1037-1042. South Ogan Komering Ulu District is a Robusta coffee-producing area in South Sumatra. The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of two drying methods on reducing the moisture content of coffee beans by comparing beans dried on tarpaulin and on asphalt roads. The study also assessed the diversity and percentage of fungal contaminants found in coffee beans from each drying method (including OTA-producing fungi). Data was obtained from May until July 2020 from surveys, interviews and samples collected from 30 farmers drying on tarpaulin and 30 farmers drying on the asphalt. The results showed that the moisture content was higher after drying on tarpaulin (13.97% ± 0.55) than on the asphalt road (11.68% ± 0.40). Furthermore, 13 different types of fungi were found for the coffee beans drying on the tarpaulin and 10 types of fungi for those drying on asphalt. In the two methods of drying, it was found that two types of fungi namely Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus ochraceus were potential of producing ochratoxin A (OTA). At the drying on tarpaulin was found mix of more than 93.3% A.niger and A. ochraceus, meanwhile at the drying on asphalt were found mix of more than 90% A.niger and A.ochraceus respectively.
Cross shelf gradients of scleractinian corals in the Spermonde Islands, South Sulawesi, Indonesia SYAFYUDIN YUSUF; MARIA BEGER; Asmi Citra Malina A.R. Tassakka; MAARTEN DE BRAUWER; AMANDA PRICELLA; RAHMI RAHMI; WIDYASTUTI UMAR; GINO V. LIMMON; ABIGAIL MARY MOORE; Jamaluddin Jompa
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220344

Abstract

Abstract. Yusuf S, Beger M, Tassakka ACMAR, Brauwer MD, Pricella A, Rahmi, Umar W, Limmon GV, Moore AM, Jompa J. 2021. Cross shelf gradients of scleractinian corals in the Spermonde Islands, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 1415-1423. Coral reef ecosystems around the world have suffered extensive degradation, including the reefs of the Wallacea region within the Coral Triangle global biodiversity hotspot. Anthropogenic and natural threats can reduce the level of coral reef biodiversity differentially across environmental or impact gradients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in hard coral (Scleractinia) diversity and community structure across an inshore-offshore zonation gradient in the Spermonde Islands, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Data on coral colony species and abundance as well as live coral cover were collected from 10 m2 belt transects at a depth of 6 to 8 m. A total of 72 transects were placed around the 12 island stations in three zones: the inner mid-shelf zone, outer mid-shelf zone and outer shelf zone. Data were analyzed to determine the species richness, and three ecological indices for the hard coral communities were calculated: the Shannon Diversity Index (H'), Similarity Index (E), and Dominance Index (C). A total of 310 hard coral species belonging to 62 genera were recorded. The coral communities were dominated by the genera Fungia, Montipora and Porites, and coral cover was in the 'moderate' category. The number of species was directly proportional to the number of colonies within each zone. Live coral cover was higher in the inner mid-shelf zone and outer shelf zone than the outer mid-shelf zone; conversely, the species richness and coral colony abundance were higher in the outer mid-shelf zone. However, the differences were not statistically significant. The indices H’, C, and E did not differ significantly between the zones. However, Tambakulu Island in Zone 4 had the lowest values of E and H’ and the highest value of C. Findings suggest that most-hard coral communities in the cross-shelf zones of the Spermonde Islands are stable communities characterized by relatively high diversity and low dominance indices.
Evaluation of Indigenous Pichia kudriavzevii from cocoa fermentation for a probiotic candidate Rahayu Wulan; Rika Indri Astuti; Yaya Rukayadi; Anja Meryandini
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220331

Abstract

Abstract. Wulan R, Astuti RI, Rukayadi Y, Meryandini A. 2021. Evaluation of Indigenous Pichia kudriavzevii from cocoa fermentation for a probiotic candidate. Biodiversitas 22: 1317-1325. Currently, probiotics are becoming a concern along with a healthy lifestyle awareness. Besides bacteria, yeast can be used as a probiotic candidate with specific functional properties. Research on yeast as a probiotic is still limited (except for Saccharomyces boulardii). Previous research has isolated yeasts from the cocoa fermentation process. This study aimed to evaluate the probiotics properties and antioxidant activity of yeast strains isolated from spontaneous cocoa fermentation in Sukabumi, Indonesia. Previous research has isolated 23 yeast strains from spontaneous cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) fermentation. Of the 23 yeast strains isolated from cocoa fermentation, 22 strains showed negative hemolysis as an indicator of non-pathogenic properties. Ten yeast strains were able to grow at 37 °C and 41 °C, pH 3, 0.5% bile salts, had autoaggregation ability (63.99-95.33%), and co-aggregation with S. typhimurium ATCC14028 (>80%), as character requirement for probiotic candidates. The genetic identification of the ten yeast strains showed that they were 99% identical to Pichia kudriavzevii. Based on its antioxidant activity, the P. kudriavzevii 2P10 metabolites had the highest percentage of inhibition (68.51%) against DPPH free radicals and resistance to H2O2 oxidative stress up to 3 mM. It can be concluded that P. kudriavzevii 2P10 is a promising probiotic candidate for functional foods and health purposes.
Exploring anticancer activity of wild and polyploid mutant of Artemisia cina Sri Kasmiyati; Elizabeth Betty Elok Kristiani; Maria Marina Herawati; Ferdy S Rondonuwu
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220319

Abstract

Abstract. Kasmiyati S, Kristiani EBE, Herawati MM, Rondonuwu FS. 2021. Exploring anticancer activity of wild and polyploid mutant of Artemisia cina.  Biodiversitas 22: 1227-1234. The research aims were to explore the anticancer compounds in wild type (W) and polyploid mutant (P) of Artemisia cina Berg ex Poljakov using NIR and compare their cytotoxicity and selectivity on WiDR colon cancer and HTB183 lung cancer cell lines and Vero normal cell line. The W was obtained from B2P2TOOT Tawangmangu, Indonesia while P was by inducing A. cina shoot culture with 100 mg/l colchicine for 48 hours. They were extracted with hexane using the soxhletation method for 6 hours. The anticancer compounds were detected using NIR. The cytotoxic activity was determined using MTT assay, with Doxorubicin (D) as a control. The calculation of IC50 value used SPSS16 with a Probit analysis. The P contained the determined four compounds while the W contained no rutin. The IC50 values of W, P, and D were 295.5, 84.1, and 0.5 µg/mL on WiDr, 322.4, 128.6, and 39.9 µg/mL on HTB 183, whereas on Vero were 104, 315.6, and 295.5 µg/mL respectively. The selectivity indexes of W, P, and D were 34, 4, and 91 on WiDr, while HTB 183 was 31, 3, and 7, respectively. The P contained artemisinin, quercetin, kaemferol, and rutin, while the W contained no rutin. The cytotoxicity of both plants was less than doxorubicin. Both plants were selective on WiDR and HTB 183.
Drumstick (Moringa oleifera) variation in biomass and total flavonoid content in Indonesia Ridwan RIDWAN; Hamim Hamim; Suharsono SUHARSONO; Nuril Hidayati; INDRA GUNAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220159

Abstract

Abstract. Ridwan, Hamim, Suharsono, Hidayati N, Gunawan I. 2021. Drumstick (Moringa oleifera) variation in biomass and total flavonoid content in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 493-500. Utilization of a drumstick (Moringa oleifera Lam.) leaf has recently increased worldwide which consequently cause the increase in global demand. Indonesia, as a tropical country with large area, has a great potential to become a center for drumstick cultivation and leaf production. Drumstick distribution scattered in almost all of the islands of Indonesia has another potential for obtaining superior genotype variabilities. The aim of this study was to select the drumstick accessions from several islands in Indonesia with high leaf biomass production and flavonoid content. This experiment was carried out in the field using ten accessions of drumstick from ten islands in Indonesia, namely Sumatra, Java, Madura, Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa, Sumba, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and Papua. Drumstick seeds were planted in polybags with a capacity of 10 kg and arranged using a randomized block design with three replications. The parameters observed were plant growth, biomass production, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity. The results of this study found that Sumatra accession was the accession which had the highest leaf biomass production in combination with the uppermost total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity compared to others. Sumatra accession is recommended as an excellent accession for cultivation with the aim of producing flavonoids.
Antimicrobial activity and GC-MS analysis of bioactive constituents of Aspergillus fumigatus 269 isolated from Sungai Pinang Hot Spring, Riau, Indonesia Zona Octarya; RIRYN NOVIANTY; NABELLA SURAYA; SARYONO SARYONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 4 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220429

Abstract

Abstract. Octarya Z, Novianty R, Suraya N, Saryono. 2021. Antimicrobial activity and GC-MS analysis of bioactive constituents of Aspergillus fumigatus 269 isolated from Sungai Pinang Hot Spring, Riau, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 1839-1845. A total of 16 isolates of thermophilic fungi originating from hot springs in Riau and West Sumatra have been tested for their antimicrobial ability against pathogenic microbes Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. The antimicrobial test was carried out by using the disk diffusion method. Molecular identification of the most potential isolate (LBKURCC269) was carried out by amplifying the ITS (Internal transcribed spacer) sequence on rDNA using universal primer ITS-4 and ITS-5. ITS sequence results showed that LBKURCC269 has a 99% similarity to Aspergillus fumigatus. Ethyl acetate extract of LBKURCC269 (Aspergillus fumigatus 269) showed good antimicrobial activities against three pathogenic microbes tested with the inhibition of 17 mm, 13 mm, and 13 mm against Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, and Escherichia coli, respectively. There were 24 identified chemical compounds in ethyl acetate extract. The major compounds were eicosane, eicosane 2-methyl, phenol, 2,6-bis(1,1-dimethyl ethyl)-4-methyl, hexadecane 2, and 11-octadecenoic acid, methyl ester. These findings suggest that thermophilic fungi isolated from hot springs could serve as reservoirs for new bioactive compounds of industrial and medical importance.
Isolation and identification of phytate-degrading yeast from traditional fermented food Ade Erma Suryani; AYU SEPTI ANGGRAENI; LUSTY ISTIQOMAH; EMA DAMAYANTI; MOHAMMAD FAIZ KARIMY
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220241

Abstract

Abstract. Suryani AE, Anggraeni AS, Istiqomah L, Damayanti E, Karimy MF. 2021. Isolation and identification of phytate-degrading yeast from traditional fermented food. Biodiversitas 22: 866-873. Application of phytase (myo-inositol hexakisphosphate phosphohydrolase) to catalyze the release of phosphate from phytates contained on grain-based feed has been used widely in poultry feed industry. In this study, yeast as phytase producer from traditional fermented food was isolated, screened and identified their morphological, biochemical, and molecular characteristics. Production of extracellular phytase from yeast was quantified using spectrophotometer. The results showed that among 8 yeast isolates that had phytase activity, there were two isolates with the highest phytase activity and specific activity which were TKd3 isolate (6.57 U/mL and 54.230 U/mg) and GF1 (6.07 U/mL and 53.68 U/mg). Morphological identification using Scanning Electron Microscope revealed that TKd3 cells isolated from soybean tempeh had an elongated oval cell structure, whereas the GF1 isolated from fresh gatot had a rounder cell structure. TKd3 isolate with accession number MW131530 had homology with Candida tropicalis ATCC 750 28S rRNA with 99.83% similarity and GF1 isolate with accession number MW131531 had homology with Candida tropicalis ATCC 750 28S rRNA with 100% similarity. It could be concluded that C. tropicalis yeast from traditional fermented food produced the extracellular phytase for further use of phytase in poultry feed additive.
Genetic analysis on grain physical characteristics and grain color from the crosses of black × white rice genotypes Siti Nurhidayah; PANJI HANDOKO BADIARAJA; HERU TOTOK AGUNG D. HARYANTO; PRITA SARI DEWI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 5 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220539

Abstract

Abstract. Nurhidayah S, Firmansyah E, Haryanto TAD, Dewi PS. 2021. Genetic studies of grain physical characteristics and grain color from the crosses of black × white rice genotypes. Biodiversitas 22: 2763-2772. This study was conducted to investigate genetic variance, cytoplasmic maternal effect, gene action, and broad-sense heritability of grain physical characteristics and grain color from crosses of black × white rice genotypes (Oryza sativa). Genetic studies were conducted using F2 generations from the crosses of black × white rice genotypes and their reciprocal crosses. The plant materials consisted of seven black rice genotypes (PH2, PH3, PH4, PH5, PH6, PH7, and PH8), three commercial white rice varieties (Inpari 13, Inpari 18, and Inpari 19),  a total of 30 F2 generations, and their reciprocal crosses. There are four-grain physical traits examined: grain length, grain width, grain thickness, and grain color. The result showed that maternal cytoplasmic effect was present in most F2 generations and their reciprocal crosses. The characters of grain length, grain width, and grain thickness are controlled by polygene with additive action. Based on the results of the Chi-Square Test, the grain color did not follow the expected 1: 2: 1 ratio for incomplete dominance involving monogenic traits. Broad sense heritability for grain length, grain width, and grain thickness are varied from low to medium for a cross of black rice genotypes × Inpari 19, and low to high for the crosses of black rice genotypes × Inpari 13 and black rice genotypes × Inpari 18.
Prevalence, diversity and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella enterica and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from spring water in a rural area of northwestern Morocco Ilham Nassri; LATIFA TAHRI; AMAL SAIDI; NAJIA AMEUR; MOHAMMED FEKHAOUI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220337

Abstract

Abstract. Nassri I, Tahri L, Saidi A, Ameur N, Fekhaoui M. 2021. Prevalence, diversity and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella enterica and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from spring Water in a rural area of northwestern Morocco. Biodiversitas 22: 1363-1370. The persistence and diversity of serotypes belonging to pathogens in environmental waters including surface and groundwater have been widely documented and that the aquatic environment represents a relatively stable environment for these microorganisms. Study was carried out on the prevalence, diversity, and antibiotic resistance of Salmonella enterica and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates taken from 102 samples of spring water in a rural region of Northwestern Morocco (Rabat-Salé-Zemour-Zaer) collected for two seasonal campaigns between March 2010 and June 2011. The search and identification of S. enterica and P. aeruginosa were carried out according to ISO 19250 and ISO 16266 methods respectively. The serotyping of S. enterica and P. aeruginosa was carried out according to the Kauffmann and White and IATS (International Antigenic Typing System) schemes respectively. Antibiotic resistance of S. enterica and P. aeruginosa were carried out by the Mueller-Hinton agar diffusion method (Biorad). S. enterica showed a prevalence of 10.7% with 09 different serotypes circulating including S. paratyphi B, S. brandenburg, S. kentucky, S. group III b (serotype 50: z52: z53,), S. boon, S. tshiongwe, S. assinie, S. togo, and S. tanger. In contrast, P. aeruginosa showed a prevalence of 21.6% with 07 different serotypes circulating including O6, O1, O7, O9, O4, O3, and O10. In this study, antimicrobial resistance revealed that all isolated strains of S. enterica and P. aeruginosa still exhibit a wild resistance phenotype. Contaminated water sources are reservoirs of these pathogens but do not yet present the risk factors for these bacteria to develop antibiotic resistance.

Page 266 of 627 | Total Record : 6269

 264   265   266   267   268 

Filter by Year

2000 2026


Reset
Filter By Issues
All Issue Vol. 27 No. 6 (2026) Vol. 27 No. 5 (2026) Vol. 27 No. 4 (2026) Vol. 27 No. 3 (2026) Vol. 27 No. 2 (2026) Vol. 27 No. 1 (2026) Vol. 26 No. 12 (2025) Vol. 26 No. 11 (2025) Vol. 26 No. 10 (2025) Vol. 26 No. 9 (2025) Vol. 26 No. 8 (2025) Vol. 26 No. 7 (2025) Vol. 26 No. 6 (2025) Vol. 26 No. 5 (2025) Vol. 26 No. 4 (2025) Vol. 26 No. 3 (2025) Vol. 26 No. 2 (2025) Vol. 26 No. 1 (2025) Vol. 25 No. 12 (2024) Vol. 25 No. 11 (2024) Vol. 25 No. 10 (2024) Vol. 25 No. 9 (2024) Vol. 25 No. 8 (2024) Vol. 25 No. 7 (2024) Vol. 25 No. 6 (2024) Vol. 25 No. 5 (2024) Vol. 25 No. 4 (2024) Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024) Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024) Vol. 25 No. 1 (2024) Vol. 24 No. 12 (2023) Vol. 24 No. 11 (2023) Vol. 24 No. 10 (2023) Vol. 24 No. 9 (2023) Vol. 24 No. 8 (2023) Vol. 24 No. 7 (2023) Vol. 24 No. 6 (2023) Vol. 24 No. 5 (2023) Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023) Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023) Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023) Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023) Vol. 23 No. 12 (2022) Vol. 23 No. 11 (2022) Vol. 23 No. 10 (2022) Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022) Vol. 23 No. 8 (2022) Vol. 23 No. 7 (2022) Vol. 23 No. 6 (2022) Vol. 23 No. 5 (2022) Vol. 23 No. 4 (2022) Vol. 23 No. 3 (2022) Vol. 23 No. 2 (2022) Vol. 23 No. 1 (2022) Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021) Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021) Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021) Vol. 22 No. 9 (2021) Vol. 22 No. 8 (2021) Vol. 22 No. 7 (2021) Vol. 22 No. 6 (2021) Vol. 22 No. 5 (2021) Vol. 22 No. 4 (2021) Vol. 22 No. 3 (2021) Vol. 22 No. 2 (2021) Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021) Vol. 21 No. 12 (2020) Vol. 21 No. 11 (2020) Vol. 21 No. 10 (2020) Vol. 21 No. 9 (2020) Vol. 21 No. 8 (2020) Vol. 21 No. 7 (2020) Vol. 21 No. 6 (2020) Vol. 21 No. 5 (2020) Vol. 21 No. 4 (2020) Vol. 21 No. 3 (2020) Vol. 21 No. 2 (2020) Vol. 21 No. 1 (2020) Vol. 20 No. 12 (2019) Vol. 20 No. 11 (2019) Vol. 20 No. 10 (2019) Vol. 20 No. 9 (2019) Vol. 20 No. 8 (2019) Vol. 20 No. 7 (2019) Vol. 20 No. 6 (2019) Vol. 20 No. 5 (2019) Vol. 20 No. 4 (2019) Vol. 20 No. 3 (2019) Vol. 20 No. 2 (2019) Vol. 20 No. 1 (2019) Vol. 19 No. 6 (2018) Vol. 19 No. 5 (2018) Vol. 19 No. 4 (2018) Vol. 19 No. 3 (2018) Vol. 19 No. 2 (2018) Vol. 19 No. 1 (2018) Vol. 18 No. 4 (2017) Vol. 18 No. 3 (2017) Vol. 18 No. 2 (2017) Vol. 18 No. 1 (2017) Vol. 17 No. 2 (2016) Vol. 17 No. 1 (2016) Vol. 16 No. 2 (2015) Vol. 16 No. 1 (2015) Vol. 15 No. 2 (2014) Vol. 15 No. 1 (2014) Vol. 14 No. 2 (2013) Vol. 14 No. 1 (2013) Vol. 13 No. 4 (2012) Vol. 13 No. 3 (2012) Vol. 13 No. 2 (2012) Vol. 13 No. 1 (2012) Vol. 12 No. 4 (2011) Vol. 12 No. 3 (2011) Vol. 12 No. 2 (2011) Vol. 12 No. 1 (2011) Vol. 11 No. 4 (2010) Vol. 11 No. 3 (2010) Vol. 11 No. 2 (2010) Vol. 11 No. 1 (2010) Vol. 10 No. 4 (2009) Vol. 10 No. 3 (2009) Vol. 10 No. 2 (2009) Vol. 10 No. 1 (2009) Vol. 9 No. 4 (2008) Vol. 9 No. 3 (2008) Vol. 9 No. 2 (2008) Vol. 9 No. 1 (2008) Vol. 8 No. 4 (2007) Vol. 8 No. 3 (2007) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2007) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2007) Vol. 7 No. 4 (2006) Vol. 7 No. 3 (2006) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2006) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2006) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2005) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2005) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2005) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2005) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2004) Vol. 5 No. 1 (2004) Vol. 4 No. 2 (2003) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2003) Vol. 3 No. 2 (2002) Vol. 3 No. 1 (2002) Vol. 2 No. 2 (2001) Vol. 2 No. 1 (2001) Vol. 1 No. 2 (2000) Vol. 1 No. 1 (2000) More Issue