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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
 269   270   271   272   273 
Application of inorganic and liquid organic bio-fertilizers affects the vegetative growth and rhizobacteria populations of eight banana cultivars Tri Handayani; Tirta Kumala Dewi; Diyah Martanti; Yuyu Suryasari Poerba; Sarjiya Antonius; Witjaksono WITJAKSONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220323

Abstract

Abstract. Handayani T, Dewi TK, Martanti D, Poerba YS, Antonius S, Witjaksono. 2021. Application of inorganic and liquid organic bio-fertilizers affect the vegetative growth and rhizobacteria populations of eight banana cultivars. Biodiversitas 22: 1261-1271. Banana (Musa spp.) is generally cultivated subsistent as backyard crop or intensively in plantation with application of large amounts of inorganic fertilizers to improve yields. An application of bio-fertilizer may reduce the use of inorganic fertilizer and therefore may ensure sustainable production including banana production. This research evaluated the application of liquid organic bio-fertilizer (LOB) and inorganic fertilizers on vegetative growth and soil microbial population of banana plants. The LOB and inorganic fertilizer were tested in composition of (i) 100% inorganic fertilizer (NPK), (ii) 50% NPK + 100 % LOB, (iii) 100% LOB; on eight banana cultivars, i.e., Mas Kirana (AA), Cavendish (AAA), Barangan (AAA), Raja Bulu (AAB), Raja Lido (AAB), Raja Sereh (AAB), Tanduk (AAB), and Kepok (ABB). The results showed that for most of the cultivar tested, the vegetative growth rates were not significantly different between treatment of 100% NPK and LOB in combination with 50% NPK fertilizer. The LOB application improved soil microbial population, including PGPR with a specific function such as IAA producing, phosphate solubilizing, and protease enzyme activity. The application LOB alone was insufficient to support banana’s vegetative growth to the level incurred by even a moderate rate of inorganic fertilizer application. 
Short Communication: A small-scale coprological survey of the endoparasites in the Himalayan goral Naemorhedus goral (Hardwick, 1825) in Nepal Jagan Nath Adhikari; Roshan Babu Adhikari; Bishnu Prasad Bhattarai; Tej Bahadur Thapa; Tirth Raj Ghimire
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220326

Abstract

Abstract. Adhikari JN, Adhikari RB, Bhattarai BP, Thapa TB, Ghimire TR. 2021. Short Communication: A small-scale coprological survey of the endoparasites in the Himalayan goral Naemorhedus goral (Hardwick, 1825) in Nepal. Biodiversitas 22: 1285-1290. This study was carried out to detect the various endoparasites in the fecal samples of the Himalayan goral Naemorhedus goral (Hardwicke, 1825) from a forest patch of Rumsi area, the Seti River basin, Tanahun district, Nepal. Importantly, 17 fecal samples (89.5%) were positive for different parasites. Their positive rates showed the following orders as Strongyle (73.7%), Entamoeba sp. (52.6%), Strongyloides sp. (52.6%), Cryptosporidium sp. (26.3%), Cyclospora sp. (26.3%), Eimeria sp. (10.5%), Mullerius capillaris (10.5%), and Blastocystis sp. (5.3%). These results showed the prevalence status of the endoparasites in the Himalayan goral. This study provides general knowledge about the parasitic community using a non-invasive method. This is the first work in Himalayan goral of Nepal, hence intensive study to the other parts of Nepal is recommended.  
Population, habitat characteristic, and modelling of Endangered Orchid, Paphiopedilum javanicum in Mt. Lawu, Java, Indonesia Muh Arif Romadlon; Fatimah Azzhara; Gilang Dwi Nugroho; Ari Pitoyo
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 4 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220448

Abstract

Abstract. Romadlon MA, Azzhara F, Nugroho GD, Pitoyo A. 2021. Population, habitat characteristic, and modelling of Endangered Orchid, Paphiopedilum javanicum in Mt. Lawu, Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 1996-2004. Paphiopedilum javanicum (Reinw. ex Blume) Pfitzer or Java Paphiopedilum is an endangered orchid categorized as appendix I in CITES. In its natural habitat, forest fire, habitat fragmentation, and extreme poaching are considerably the prominent threats for the species. The study aims to assess the population distribution, the habitat characteristics and model the suitable habitat of P. javanicum in Mt Lawu, Java, Indonesia using Maxent (Maximum Entropy) modelling. Eighteen subpopulations of P. javanicum spread across the region with a total number of 103 individuals. The majority of the individuals are in the generative phase (93.81%) and the rest are in the vegetative phase (6.19%). In Mt Lawu, P. javanicum can be found at an elevation of 1,231-1,825 m asl. in a deep shady forest floor with a thick litter and canopy cover between 0-77.4%. The soil has pH between 7-7.1 with 21.7%-36.7% of moisture. The air temperature ranging between 21.8?-29.7?C, with humidity of 61%-78.5%. Based on the Maxent test, annual mean temperature, vegetation cover, type of land use, and elevation are the most influencing factor of P. javanicum distribution in Mt Lawu. The model identifies 6814.75 ha areas in Mt Lawu that are suitable for the species distribution. Lawu Purba, the biggest suitable area for P. javanicum habitat in the southern part of the mountain holds the remaining natural forests in the region. The result is expected to provide recommendations for determining priority areas in the conservation efforts for this threatened orchid.
Physicochemical and microbiological properties of yogurt made with microencapsulation probiotic starter during cold storage Evy Rossi; FAJAR RESTUHADI; RASWEN EFENDI; YOSSIE KHARISMA DEWI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 4 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220450

Abstract

Abstract. Rossi E, Restuhadi F, Efendi R, Dewi YK. 2021. Physicochemical and microbiological properties of yogurt made with microencapsulation probiotic starter during cold storage. Biodiversitas 22: 2012-2018. This study's purposes were to characterize probiotic properties, identify strains of K12.1, produce a microencapsulated starter (MS) for yogurt, and evaluate yogurt's microbiological quality during storage refrigerated temperatures. This research was conducted experimentally using isolate was further identified based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis.  The identified strain and Streptococcus thermophilus were microencapsulated using sago starch and whey isolate protein (1:1 w/w) for yogurt starter.  The starter was added as much as 1, 3, 5, or 7% (v / v), then incubated for 18 hours at 37°C. The best yogurt was evaluated for its microbiological quality at refrigerated temperature for 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days.  The results showed that K12.1 isolate with probiotic characteristics was Lactobacillus plantarum VP3.3. The microencapsulation starter concentration affected acidity, total acid, total lactic acid bacteria (LAB), viscosity, and total solids. The use of 7% microencapsulation starter of Lactobacillus plantarum VP-3.3 and Streptococcus thermophilus gave the best yogurt, with a pH value 4.36, total lactic acid 0.99%, total LAB 10.00 log CFU mL-1, viscosity 546.37 cP, and total solids 10.40%. The total amount of LAB in yogurt stored during cold temperature for 28 days still meets the probiotics standards (9.98 log CFU/mL).
Utilization of plant resources among the Kankanaeys in Kibungan, Benguet Province, Philippines ABIGAIL T. BERSAMIN; JUDE L. TAYABEN; KRYSSA D. BALANGCOD; ASHLYN KIM D. BALANGCOD; AMELIA C. CENDANA; ELIZABETH T. DOM-OGEN; LANCE OLIVER C. LICNACHAN; BRENILYN SIADTO; FREDA M. WONG; Teodora D. Balangcod
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220144

Abstract

Abstract. Bersamin AT, Tayaben JL, Balangcod KD, Balangcod AKD, Cendana AC, Dom-Ogen ET, Licnachan LOC, Siadto B, Wong FM, Balangcod TD. 2021. Utilization of plant resources among the Kankanaeys in Kibungan, Benguet Province, Philippines. Asian J Ethnobiol 4: 362-372. The use of plant resources for human basic need dates back to ancient times. Plants have been man’s recourse for natural healing, food, and for cultural practices. This study aimed to document the rich flora of Kibungan, Benguet that the Kankanaey tribe utilizes. Interviews and focused group discussions were used to gather data and it was supplemented with ocular inspection of the locality. Results revealed that there were various uses of plants that could be categorized into medicinal, food, house construction, and others. The leaves of medicinal plants are more frequently used to treat wounds, diarrhea, cough, and skin inflammation. Decoctions for natural remedies include gipas (Sarcandra glabra), gawed (Piper betle), and kutsay (Allium odorum). Plant foods such as fruits, root crops, and vegetables are either cultivated or gathered from the forest. Specifically, plants collected from the wild included pinit (Rubus fraxinifolius), amti (Solanum nigrum), bayabas (Psidium guajava), gatgattang (Sonchus arvensis), galyang (Alocasia macrorrhizos), and pako (Diplazium esculentum), while kamote (Ipomea batatas) and corn (Zea mays) are cultivated. The pine tree (Pinus kesiya) is the main raw material for house construction. Interestingly, dengaw (Acorus calamus) is regarded as an amulet, which is believed to ward off evil spirits.
Modified culture assay to obtain a diversity of hyphal structures of Ceratobasidium theobromae-VSD pathogen on cocoa Muhammad Junaid; DAVID GUEST
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 4 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220434

Abstract

Abstract. Junaid M, Guest D. 2021. Modified culture assay to obtain a diversity of hyphal structures of Ceratobasidium theobromae, VSD pathogen on cocoa. Biodiversitas 22: 1879-1886. Ceratobasidium theobromae, a causal agent of vascular streak dieback (VSD) disease, is a fastidious Basidiomycete fungus devastating cocoa in Southeast Asia Melanesia. One sought-after in vitro technique is pathogen subculture. As an obligate parasite, growing the pathogen onto an artificial medium is always problematic. In this paper, a new design is demonstrated to obtain a single colony of the pathogen with hyphal diversity. Putative C. theobromae is obtained from infected leaves and petioles of cocoa using rigorous surface sterilization before culturing on standard water agar (WA) medium. Once the fungus grows out from the tissue, the infected plant tissue is then removed carefully, leaving mycelium's uninterrupted growth. About 200 mL of liquid Corticium culture medium (CCM) is injected to submerge the solid medium layer, nurture hyphae development, and allow generative structure formation. Molecular amplification with a pair primer of ITS 1B (forward) and 4B (reverse) specific for fungal Basidiomycete DNA with a touchdown undertook thermal cycler program. PCR product amplification successfully confirmed the presence of C. theobromae DNA collected from the samples with VSD symptomatic lesions and identified a diversity of hyphal and branching formations.
Morpho-physiological changes of four tropical tree seedlings under aluminum stress Chartina Pidjath; Didy Sopandie; Maman Turjaman; Sri Wilarso Budi
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220317

Abstract

Abstract. Pidjath C, Sopandie D, Turjaman M, Budi SW. 2021. Morpho-physiological changes of four tropical tree seedlings under aluminum stress. Biodiversitas 22: 1211-1220. Phytotoxicity of aluminum due to acidic soil can cause a major threat to plant survival and health in the tropical region.  Woody plant species are known to be well adapted to acidic soils. The research aimed to assess the growth and physiological response of tropical tree species Calliandra calothyrsus Meisn, Samanea saman Jacq. Merr, Ochroma grandiflora Rowlee, and Calophyllum inophyllum Linn exposed to high aluminum concentration in a nutrient solution. The completely randomized design was applied in this experiment with two treatments (0 and 4.0 mM Al exposure). Each treatment consists of three replicates for each species. The results revealed that the Al concentration of 4.0 mM inhibited plant growth, and nutrient uptake of all plants tested. Chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of S. saman and C. calothyrsus were higher when exposed to 4.0 mM Al, whereas O. grandiflora and C. inophyllum were lower. Hematoxylin staining showed high Al accumulation in the root epidermal and outer cortical cells of all plants except C. inophyllum. The Al concentration of 4 mM decreased the calcium and magnesium concentrations in shoots and roots in all plants tested. There was a high increase in Al concentration in shoots of O. grandiflora. Based on various parameters studied, we concluded that C. inophyllum could be proposed as a tolerant species, whereas O. grandiflora is more vulnerable to aluminum stress.
Population dynamics of anchovy pekto (Stolephorus waitei) in the waters of Malacca Strait, North Sumatra, Indonesia Miswar Budi Mulya; ARLEN HANEL JHON; ZULHAM APANDY HARAHAP
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 7 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220718

Abstract

Abstract. Mulya MB, Jhon AH, Harahap ZA. 2021. Population dynamics of anchovy pekto (Stolephorus waitei) in the waters of Malacca Strait, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 2693-2698. Anchovy pekto or Stolephorus waitei (Engraluidae: Clupeiformes) is one of the fish in the eastern coastal part of North Sumatra, occupying the waters of Malacca Strait. This research presents the population dynamics of S. waitei following its age, growth, mortality, and recruitment pattern based on the length-frequency data. Fork length (FL) and total weight (TW) data of S. waitei were collected at three sites from April to September 2018. A total of 1994 specimens with FL from 4.0 to 6.7 cm and TW from 0.2 to 2.3 g with the length-weight relationship of TW = 0.073FL3.0046 (R2=0.765) indicated a near isometric and positive allometric growth in the water region. The relative condition factor (Kn) ranged from 1.01 to 1.02, indicating an estimate of good condition of the fishes. The growth parameters based on von Bertalanffy was 6.56 cm (L?) with the growth coefficient (K) of 0.34 yr-1 and t0 (anchovy age at zero length ) of 0.6506. The total mortality (Z), natural mortality (F), and catch mortality (M) of S. waitei were 0.64, 1.39, and 0.75 yr-1 respectively, which suggest that the fishing activities of S. waitei are still in normal intensity. The recruitment pattern of S. waitei was stable between April and August with its peak in June by 14.21%. The fishing activities may then be limited during the spawning months (May to June) of S. waitei to maintain their population in the Strait of Malacca.
Surface ultrastructure of Blastocystis sp. isolated from cattle NI KOMANG APRILINA WIDISUPUTRI; NUNUK DYAH RETNO LASTUTI; ENDANG SUPRIHATI; POEDJI HASTUTIEK; HANI PLUMERIASTUTI; MUFASIRIN MUFASIRIN; HENI PUSPITASARI; Lucia Tri Suwanti
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220356

Abstract

Abstract. Widisuputri NKA, Lastuti NDR, Suprihati E, Hastutiek P, Plumeriastuti H, Mufasirin, Puspitasari H, Suwanti LT. 2021. Surface ultrastructure of Blastocystis sp. isolated from cattle. Biodiversitas 22: 1514-1518. Blastocystis sp is a protozoan parasite commonly detected in the intestinal tract of humans and various animals that causes zoonotic blastocystosis. The pathogenic potential of Blastocystis is still being evaluated, some Blastocystis sp are completely pathogenic, while others can be considered commensal and hypothetical, related to the role of the surface coat of Blastocystis sp. This study aimed to compare the surface ultrastructure of Blastocystis sp. in cattle with diarrhea and non diarrhea by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Four Blastocystis sp. isolates were selected from the faeces of four positives cattle which consisted of two diarrhea and two non-diarrhea cattle. The result showed that Blastocystis sp. in cattle appeared in round shape and reproduced by binary fission.  The surface cell of Blastocystis sp. isolates from diarrhea cattle had a rough surface while organism of non diarrhea cattle isolates was very smooth. Bacteria were seen attached to the surface of Blastocystis sp. from diarrhea cattle faeces. In conclusion, the features of the surface structure of Blastocystis sp. correlated with symptomatic appearance. The surface structure of Blastocystis sp. isolates from cattle with diarrhea was rougher than non diarrhea.
Short Communication: Identification of culturable marine fungi and bacteria from coastal region in Brunei Darussalam: Identification of culturable marine microbes. Hussein Taha; Pooja Shivanand; Mohamad Abdul Azim Zainudin; Nurul Azirah Hadanan
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220332

Abstract

Abstract. Taha H, Shivanand P, Zainudin MAA, Hadanan NA. 2021. Short Communication: Identification of culturable marine fungi and bacteria from coastal region in Brunei Darussalam. Biodiversitas 22: 1326-1331. Microbial diversity in Brunei Darussalam located on northwest coast of Borneo is not well explored. This study aimed to isolate and identify culturable marine fungi and bacteria from coastal regions. Microbial identification was carried out via DNA barcoding using rRNA-ITS marker for fungi and 16S rRNA marker for bacteria. Nine marine fungal isolates were identified to five genera as Aspergillus, Penicillium, Phialemoniopsis, Purpureocillium and Trametes. However, only one genus, Pseudoalteromonas was identified from ten marine bacterial isolates with at least three different Pseudoalteromonas species expected from the isolation. This study provided an insight into the diversity of culturable marine microbes from a coastal ecosystem. As the microbes were found culturable and can easily grow under saline conditions, they are potential of considerable biotechnological interest.  

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