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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Morphological and genetic variation in populations of Desmos chinensis Lour. (Annonaceae) Isna Arofatun Nikmah; RUGAYAH RUGAYAH; Tatik Chikmawati
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220235

Abstract

Abstract. Nikmah IA, Rugayah R, Chikmawati T. 2021. Morphological and genetic variation in populations of Desmos chinensis Lour. (Annonaceae). Biodiversitas 22: 811-822. Desmos chinensis is a woody climber or scandent shrub genus in Annonaceae that has moniliform fruits. Desmos chinensis Lour. can be found throughout Southeast Asia. This species is widely used as a traditional medicine in several countries in Asia, however, the information on its morphological and genetic variation has never been reported. The objective of this study was to reveal the genetic variation of Desmos chinensis on Java island (Indonesia) based on the morphological characters and Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) markers. Leaf samples were collected by exploring seven regions in Java island. Variation in morphological characteristics were described and discussed in detail. Genetic variation was assessed using the ISSR marker. The morphological characteristics of D. chinensis in Java varies in habit; leaf shape, leaf size, leaf color; flower position, flower reflexity, pedicel bract position, number of petals, petal color, petal shape, petal apex, undulation of petal; and number of monocarp per fruit. A total of 53 samples collected from seven populations were screened by 25 ISSR primers, wherein 11 primers produced 47 clear and reproducible bands covering 85.1% of polymorphic bands. Desmos chinensis in Java were divided into five natural populations. Furthermore, the mean value of the Shannon index and genetic diversity index were 0.223 and 0.151, respectively. Moreover, the variations within and among populations examined using AMOVA showed the occurrence of 38% of total genetic variations among the different populations, therefore, the remaining 62% was due to variations within the population. Morphological and genetic variations are important preliminary information for determining the conservation strategy of Desmos chinensis.
Diversity of fungi associated with rhizosphere of healthy and diseased garlic crop Baiq Nurul Hidayah; Nani Herawati; Ai Rosah Aisah; Nita Rizky Utami
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220346

Abstract

Abstract. Hidayah BN, Herawati N, Aisah AR, Utami NR. 2021. Diversity of fungi associated with rhizosphere of healthy and diseased garlic crop. Biodiversitas 22: 1433-1440. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an especially important horticultural crop in Indonesia because it is used as a cooking spice and for medicines and cosmetic ingredients. It is mostly grown in irrigated highlands; however Indonesian production is only supplying at most 17.5% of domestic demand. West Nusa Tenggara (WNT) Province is one of the largest garlic-producing regions in Indonesia. Currently, garlic cultivation in WNT Province is facing a problem of root rot disease. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the fungi associated with garlic root rot disease. Research was conducted in June – September 2018 and samples were collected from Sembalun highlands (1200 m above sea level). Seventeen fungal isolates were collected from the rhizosphere of the garlic crops and fourteen of them were identified. The fungi isolated from the rhizosphere of healthy garlic crops were from the genus Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Paecilomyces. While the fungi isolated from the rhizosphere of diseased garlic crops were from the genus Aspergillus, Penicillium, Paecilomyces, Fusarium, and Phoma. The genus Fusarium and Phoma are well known as plant pathogens.
Seasonal dynamics and spatial distribution of lepidopterans in selected locations in Mordovia, Russia ALEXANDER B. RUCHIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 5 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220515

Abstract

Abstract. Ruchin AB. 2021. Seasonal dynamics and spatial distribution of lepidopterans in selected locations in Mordovia, Russia. Biodiversitas 22: 2569-2575. The research was conducted in 2019-2020 in the Republic of Mordovia (European part of Russia). In order to collect Lepidoptera, beer traps were used where beer served as bait. The field surveys were carried out from April to October in various forest habitats. The air temperature was recorded. To elucidate the spatial distribution of Lepidoptera, various habitats were examined in two study plots. In total, more than 23 thousand Lepidoptera specimens were examined. The largest number of Lepidoptera was collected in oak forests in contrast to the four other forest habitats. In all habitats, population dynamics were similar and characterized by the same trends of decrease and increase. During the season, there were three peaks of abundance for this group. A moderate first peak was recorded in the second half of May, while the maximum peak occurred in the first half of July. Autumn population peaks depend on temperature, while spring and summer peaks are associated with the flight of imagos and an increase in the lepidopteran abundance in habitats. In open habitats, the abundance of Lepidoptera was lower. On forest edges, the number of Lepidoptera considerably exceeded one in open habitats (river sandbanks, willow thickets, forest glades, and floodplain meadows) and closed habitats (inside the forests). Forest edges are a hotspot of Lepidoptera abundance and biodiversity in forest habitats. According to the vertical gradient, the number of lepidopterans was higher at the height of 7.5 m than at the height of 1.5 m. At the lower height, the number of Lepidoptera did not vary as considerably as at higher heights
Isolation, characterization and identification of sponge-associated bacteria producing antimicrobial compounds RISKY HADI WIBOWO; SIPRIYADI SIPRIYADI; WELLY DARWIS; DELFIANI ANGGIAS PUTRI; SALPRIMA YUDHA; MASHUDI MASHUDI; NOOR ANDRYAN ILSAN; PERSON PESONA RENTA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 6 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240662

Abstract

Abstract. Wibowo RH, Sipriyadi, Darwis W, Putri DA, Yudha S, Mashudi, Ilsan NA, Renta PP, Masrukhin. 2023. Isolation, characterization and identification of sponge-associated bacteria producing antimicrobial compounds. Biodiversitas 24: 3616-3623. Sponges are marine biota that is currently in great demand as research object. Sponges also belong to a group of marine life that has symbiotic with bacteria. Bacteria that have formed a symbiotic relationship with a sponge may produce secondary metabolites that protect their host from pathogens. This study aimed to isolate, select, characterize and identify bacteria associated with the sponge Aplysina sp. that exhibit antimicrobial activity. The methods used in this study were bacterial isolation, screening, molecular identification, and observing their ability to produce antimicrobial compounds. A total of 16 isolates were isolated on the Sea Water Complete agar medium, and four isolates were able to inhibit the growth of pathogenic microbes including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans. Four isolates with the most significant inhibitory clear zones were selected for further testing. The isolate APD10 showed the biggest inhibition zone. The molecular identification results showed that the APD3 and APD15 had genetic similarities with Bacillus subtilis, isolate APD9 had genetic similarities with Bacillus paralicheniformis, and isolate APD10 had genetic similarities with Bacillus velezensis. Two isolates (APD3 and APD15) gene sequences for the KS domain in PKS were related to polyketide synthase, while APD10 in KS was related to oxidoreductase. Two isolates (APD3 and APD15) gene sequences encoding domain A on NRPS had a relationship with a bioactive compound in the form of surfactin, APD9 was related to a bioactive compound in the form of bacitracin, and APD10 NRPS was related to adenylation.
Mucin-1 expression in endometrial tissue of Macaca nemestrina during mid-luteal phase after controlled-ovarian hyperstimulation Nurhuda Sahar; Ponco Birowo; Kusmardi Kusmardi; Diyah Kristianty; Karina Rahmaningrum; Adriana Viola Miranda; Afif Rasyad; Vivitri Prasasty
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 4 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220440

Abstract

Abstract. Sahar N, Birowo P, Kusmardi, Kristianty D, Rahmaningrum K, Miranda AV, Rasyad A, Prasasty VD. 2021. Mucin-1 expression in endometrial tissue of Macaca nemestrina during mid-luteal phase after controlled-ovarian hyperstimulation. Biodiversitas 22: 1927-1933. Endometrial receptivity is one of the factors for successful implantation in pregnancy. Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) is a required step of in vitro fertilization (IVF), one of the standard procedures to overcome infertility. Exogenous gonadotropin hormones from COH provoke the secretion of estrogen and progesterone from the ovaries in higher amounts. The supraphysiological environment could impact the endometrial receptivity of the implantation process. Mucin-1 (MUC1) can be used as a marker to indicate alterations in the endometrial tissue. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the alteration of mucin-1 expression in endometrial tissue of Macaca nemestrina after COH protocol. This study used endometrium tissue of M. nemestrina embedded with paraffin as tissue blocks. The subjects were 15 female macaques in reproductive age (8-10 years old) with a history of producing offspring. These macaques were classified into four groups based on the COH protocols, which consist of administering gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist and recombinant FSH (r-FSH) with dosages of 30 IU, 50 IU, 70 IU (intervention groups), and no r-FSH (control group). The stimulations were administered for 14 days during the mid-luteal phase. Moreover, tissue staining was done by using immunohistochemistry. Mucin-1 expression was analyzed manually for glandular and luminal compartments and automatically for the stromal compartment by Red Green Blue (RGB) measure plugin as a color image from ImageJ software. The expression of mucin-1 was counted semi-quantitatively as H-score. Mucin-1 expression differences in endometrial tissue were assessed by one-way ANOVA with a significant difference found in the glandular part and insignificant results found in luminal and stromal parts. Pearson correlation test was also performed to determine the relationship of steroidal hormones and mucin-1 expression in glandular and luminal compartments. Both correlations were statistically insignificant. However, a positive correlation was found with the glandular compartment and a negative correlation with luminal compartment. As the subject species, M. nemestrina is limited for research utilization in our country, small number of subjects becomes a limitation of this study. Further studies need to be conducted to deepen the understanding of the regulation of mucin-1 expression, particularly by the altered concentrations of steroidal hormones as a consequence of COH.
Comparison of the effectiveness of pregnancy diagnosis in Aceh cattle through measurement of interferon-tau and progesterone concentrations Budianto Panjaitan; TONGKU NIZWAN SIREGAR; HAFIZUDDIN HAFIZUDDIN; ARMAN SAYUTI; MULYADI ADAM; TEUKU ARMANSYAH; SYAFRUDDIN SYAFRUDDIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 4 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220414

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of IFN-? and progesterone measurement as the basis for pregnancy diagnosis in Aceh cows. The study used twelve cows aged 3-5 years, weighing 150-250 kg, clinically healthy and having normal reproduction. The estrous cycle was synchronized using prostaglandin hormone (LutalyseTM, Pharmacia & Upjohn Company, Pfizer Inc., 25 mg/cow, i.m.) with multiple injection protocol (10-day interval). Heat detection was conducted in the morning (08.00 Western Indonesia Time) and evening (16.00 Western Indonesia Time). Cows were inseminated 12-18 hours after standing heat. Blood was collected on day 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18 post-insemination. Concentrations of IFN-? and progesterone were determined by the ELISA method. Cows with an interferon concentration >6 pg/mL and a progesterone concentration >2 ng/mL were considered pregnant. Pregnancy data were then compared with transrectal ultrasound at day 25 as the gold standard. Concentrations of IFN-? in pregnant and non-pregnant cows were significantly different on day 18 post-insemination, while progesterone concentration was significantly different on day 15. The accuracy of IFN-? pregnancy diagnosis at peak IFN-? expression was obtained on day 18 post-insemination, with an accuracy rate of 66.7%, a sensitivity rate of 60% and a specificity rate of 71.4%. Meanwhile, the accuracy of progesterone-based pregnancy diagnosis was obtained on day 17 post-insemination, with an accuracy rate of 91.6%, a sensitivity rate of 83.3% and a specificity rate of 100%. It was concluded that the diagnosis of pregnancy using progesterone measurement was more effective than IFN-? measurement.
Diversity and distribution of epiphytic lichens on Cedrus atlantica and Quercus faginea in Mount Babor Forest, Algeria Amina Belguidoum; Takia Lograda; Messaoud Ramdani
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220244

Abstract

Abstract. Belguidoum A, Lograda T, Ramdani M. 2021. Diversity and distribution of epiphytic lichens on Cedrus atlantica and Quercus faginea in Mount Babor Forest, Algeria. Biodiversitas 22: 887-899. Information about lichen diversity in Algeria is limited despite their important role as biological indicators of ecosystem health. The aim of the study was to carry out an inventory of epiphytic lichens in the Mount Babor Forest on two types of phorophytes (host trees), i.e., Cedrus atlantica and Quercus faginea, in varying altitudinal gradients and the diameter of host tree. The similarity of the sampled sites was assessed by the Sorensen index (?). Sixty-six species of epiphytic lichens were identified, which belong to 24 families and 38 genera. C. atlantica hosted a higher number of species than Q. faginea. The majority of lichen on C. atlantica belonged to the Parmeliaceae family, whereas those on Q. faginea belonged to the Physciaceae family. Crustose and foliose lichens were the most common species in the study area. The results showed the existence of a distinct relationship between the parameters of the distribution (i.e., tree diameter, elevation) and the specific lichen richness. The greatest number of lichen species (59 species) was observed on large diameter trunks (41-60 cm). Lichen diversity increased along with the increase in altitude. Sorensen’s similarity index revealed the presence of heterogeneity in the community composition of lichen vegetation.
Short Communication: Note on the genus Dorstenia Plum. ex L. (Moraceae) in Java (Indonesia) and noteworthy information on the identity of D. bahiensis through ITS sequence Arifin Surya Dwipa Irsyam; Muhammad Rifqi Hariri; PENIWIDIYANTI PENIWIDIYANTI; Rina Ratnasih Irwanto
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 8 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220832

Abstract

Abstract. Irsyam ASD, Hariri MR, Peniwidiyanti, Irwanto RR. 2021. Short Communication: Note on the genus Dorstenia Plum. ex L. (Moraceae) in Java (Indonesia) and noteworthy information on the identity of D. bahiensis through ITS sequence. Biodiversitas 22: 3358-3363. Dorstenia Plum. ex L. grouped within tribe Dorstenieae in the Moraceae. The genus comprises 105 species that are distributed in the African, Asian, and Neotropical regions. Previous studies showed that Java Island has only one species of Dorstenia, namely D. contrajerva L. This exotic species was introduced a long time ago and naturalized in Java. The field survey was carried out in Banten, Jakarta, West Java, and East Java. Herbarium study was also carried out in Herbarium Bogoriense and Herbarium Bandungense. There are two additional species from Java, D. bahiensis Klotzsch ex Fisch. and C.A. Mey. and D. foetida (Forssk.) Schweinf. Dorstenia bahiensis originated from Eastern Brazil and was found naturalized in Mekarwangi Village, Lembang, Bandung Barat regency, Indonesia. Dorstenia foetida is native to Africa and is only found as a popular cultivated plant. A molecular approach was carried out to provide the right identity of D. bahiensis because it has been mistakenly labeled as D. elata by a Javanese horticulturist. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence separated and distinguished both D. bahiensis and D. elata into different clades, which makes the popular name for D. elata actually D. bahiensis. Based on this study, there are three species of exotic Dorstenia in Java. The descriptions, photographs, and further discussions are provided.
Maintaining tree biodiversity in urban communities on the university campus ARIDA SUSILOWATI; AHMAD BAIQUNI RANGKUTI; HENTI HENDALASTUTI RACHMAT; APRI HERI ISWANTO; MOEHAR MARAGHIY HARAHAP; DENI ELFIATI; BEJO SLAMET; IDA MALLIA GINTING
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 5 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220548

Abstract

Abstract. Susilowati A, Rangkuti AB, Rachmat HH, Iswanto AH, Harahap MM, Elfiati D, Slamet B, Ginting IM. 2021. Maintaining tree biodiversity in urban communities on the university campus. Biodiversitas 22: 2839-2847. Many universities worldwide have green spaces (GS) as an integral part of their campuses because of significant benefits for ecological function and urban communities. University of Sumatera Utara (USU) campus is located in urban area of Medan city, Indonesia, with a total area of 120 hectares. The campus offers various outdoor spaces for resting, sports, playgrounds and other psychological benefits. The campus also offers vital benefits for its surrounding environment, such as improving air quality and ensuring pleasant climatic conditions and biodiversity. One of the important functions of USU GS is to become an area for preserving tree diversity in urban communities, which in busy urban communities is sometimes a little overlooked. This research aimed to identify the species diversity, abundance, utilization, and conservation status of trees across 120 hectares of USU Campus using the field inventory method. Results revealed a total of 7333 individual trees of 121 species from 37 families. The most common tree species is Swietenia macrophylla (18.37%), while the dominant families are Fabaceae. Margalef index and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index reaching 13.48 (good) and 3.41 (high). Based on the utilization status, 55.43% of the tree species were wood producers, 45.34% were pollutant absorbers, while the lowest percentage functioned as latex producers (0.12%). About 70 species (57.85%) were native species, while 51 species (42.15%) were exotic. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), 50 species (41.33% %) were listed as the least concern status, 8 species (6.61%) with a vulnerable status, 4 species (3.30%) with a near-threatened status and 2 species (1.66%) with and endangered status. The result from this study also showed that GS at USU not only performed its main function as a shade or an oxygen producer (environment services) but also maintained the tree biodiversity and a means of ex-situ conservation for many trees species. Trees threatened by anthropogenic activities, particularly tree felling for infrastructural developments were still found in the campus area. Therefore, sustainable conservation efforts should be geared towards ensuring the continued existence of the trees to maintain their ecological functions
Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used by the Mamanwa tribe of Surigao del Norte and Agusan del Norte, Mindanao, Philippines Olga Nuneza; BIVERLY RODRIGUEZ; Juliet Grace Nasiad
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220634

Abstract

Abstract. Nuneza OM, Rodriguez BC, Nasiad JGM. 2021. Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used by the Mamanwa tribe of Surigao del Norte and Agusan del Norte, Mindanao, Philippines. Biodiversitas 22: 3284-3296. Traditional knowledge on medicinal plants plays an important role in public healthcare and development of drugs. In the Philippines, studies on ethnomedicinal plants have increased throughout the years. However, documentation on the ethnobotanical knowledge in Mindanao is few and mostly focused on other well-known tribes. This ethnobotanical study was carried out to document medicinal plants used by the Mamanwas tribe in ten Indigenous Cultural Communities (ICCs) of Surigao del Norte and Agusan del Norte, Philippines. Ethnomedicinal information on the plant parts used, different modes of preparation, and mode of utilization was gathered from 143 local informants through informal interviews and semi-structured questionnaires. Seventy-eight plant species under 70 genera and 42 families were documented to treat various ailments in their communities. Family Asteraceae held the dominance with ten species that were reported to have medicinal uses. Out of the 78 species, trees constituted the largest proportion with 32 plant species that cover 41%. In terms of plant parts used, leaves are frequently used constituting 46%. As to mode of preparation, decoction (40%) ranked the highest followed by poultice (18%) and heating over fire (14%). Documentation of the valuable ethnomedicinal knowledge will help preserve the vanishing tradition of cultural communities in terms of medicinal plant utilization.

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