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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Articles 6,315 Documents
Short Communication: Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Fagonia longispina (Zygophyllaceae) of Algerian laid Ziane; MOHAMMED DJELLOULI; ABDELAZIZ BERGHIOUA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220653

Abstract

Abstract. Ziane L, Djellouli M, Berghioua A. 2021. Short Communication: Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Fagonia longispina (Zygophyllaceae) of Algerian. Biodiversitas 22: 3448-3453. The study's aim is to discover the antioxidant, antibacterial efficacy and identifying the main constituents of the essential oil of Fagonia longispina from southwest of Algeria. The essential oil from the aerial parts of the endemic plant Fagonia longispina collected from the region of Sahara southwest of Algeria was isolated by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.  Our work was designed then, to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the essential oil of Fagonia longispina by DPPH free radical scavenging and HPTLC techniques. Antibacterial potency of essential oil from this plant has been tested against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), and Bacillus cereus (ATCC11778) by disk diffusion assay. We found that the chemical profile of the essential oil revealed the presence of 14 compounds: Trans–Pinocarveol (3.14 %), Panisaldehyd (4.24 %), Trans geraniol (3.05 %), carvacrol 18.72 %), Elemicin (22.85 %), (Z,E) Farnesol (15.69 %), Caryophyllene oxide (2.68 %), Alpha-curcumene (1.75 %), Germacrene D (4.22 %), longipinane (2.89 %) and ?-Terpinine (2.74 %). The antioxidant assay showed that the essential oil could scavenge DPPH (IC50 values of 2.1959 mg/mL free radical. The essential oil exhibits very effective antimicrobial activity using disk diffusion assay method with minimum inhibitory concentration ranging from 0.75 ?L/mL to 1.9714 ?L/mL. These results showed that this native plant may be a good candidate for further biological and pharmacological investigations.
Species composition and richness of viable seed bank after fire events in Mount Ciremai National Park and Kuningan Botanic Gardens, West Java, Indonesia Indriani Ekasari; Ronggo Sadono; Djoko Marsono; Joko Ridho Witono
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220652

Abstract

Abstract. Ekasari I, Sadono R, Marsono D, Witono JR. 2021. Species composition and richness of viable seed bank after fire events in Mount Ciremai National Park and Kuningan Botanic Gardens, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3437-3447. Forest fire is an environmental disaster that can decline ecosystem function and restoration efforts must be considered to restore forest ecosystems after fire events. Natural regeneration using existing soil seed banks is a promising approach in restoration due to its advantage in terms of minimizing cost. This study aimed to examine the species composition and richness of germinable seed banks in several post-fire sites in Mount Ciremai National Park (MNCP) and Kuningan Botanic Gardens (KGB), West Java, Indonesia. One hundred fifty-eight soil samples were collected from the study sites representing fire events (i.e., four post-fire sites and one non-fire site), and soil depths (i.e., upper, middle, and lower). The collection of soil samples and identification of seedlings emergence were conducted from September 2019 to February 2020. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and correspondence analysis using SPSS Version 22. In total, 4626 emergence seedlings were recorded, belonging to 158 species and 58 families in which 41 families in the upper soil layer, 35 families in the middle soil layer, and 33 families in the lower soil layer. The results showed that Poaceae, Asteraceae, and Euphorbiaceae as the most dominant families. The upper soil layer of post-fire site 2018 had the highest species richness (R=11.98), while the lower soil layer of post-fire site 2012 had the lowest species richness (R=2.64). Our findings suggest that when carrying out restoration activities in post-fire areas, it is preferable to use native species that do not compete with species persisted in soil seed banks.
Trend of mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) monthly distribution in Sanandaj County of Iran Bahadin Salavati; AMIR HOSSEIN ZAHIRNIA; Hassan Nasirian; SHAHYAD AZARI-HAMIDIAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221101

Abstract

Abstract. Salavati B, Zahirnia AH, Nasirian H, Hamidian SA. 2021. Trend of mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) monthly distribution in Sanandaj County of Iran. Biodiversitas 22: 4705-4715. Mosquitoes are the most significant arthropods of medical importance due to their burden of transmitting pathogens and parasites. The present study was designed to investigate the distribution of mosquitos (Diptera: Culicidae) in Sanandaj County in 2018. Sanandaj County was divided into four areas in rural and urban areas, including north, south, east, and west. Four rural and urban areas were randomly selected from four geographical directions. A sampling of larval and adult mosquitoes was performed using standard methods. The dipping technique was used to collect the mosquito larvae. A sampling of adult mosquitoes was performed during feeding on humans and animal baits and resting in the natural indoors, outdoors, and artificial areas. Light traps were also used to collect adult mosquitoes. The larval and adult specimens were identified using the morphology-based key. In total, nine mosquito species, including Anopheles maculipennis s.l., Anopheles superpictus s.l., Culiseta longiareolata, Culiseta subochrea, Culex hortensis, Culex mimeticus, Culex modestus, Culex pipiens, and Culex theileri were inhabited in Sanandaj County. The larval and adult mosquito species trend remains constant for at least 6 months of a year, from May to October. One-way ANOVA didn't reveal a significant difference between mosquito breeding places' habitats and water types, mosquito localities and life stages, monthly mosquito distribution, and adult mosquito resting places. The frequency trends of larval and adult mosquito species remain constant at least for 6 months of a year. It needs to be ready for timely mosquito control measures.
Short Communication: Diversity of sponges associated in seagrass meadows at coastal area of Pacitan District, East Java, Indonesia EDWIN SETIAWAN; MOHAMMAD RIZKI CHODIANTORO; GHULAM FATHUR INSANY; IWENDA BELA SUBAGIO; NURUL KUSUMA DEWI; FARID KAMAL MUZAKI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 8 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220803

Abstract

Abstract. Setiawan E, Chodiantoro MR, Insany GF, Subagio IB, Dewi NK, Muzaki FK. 2021. Short Communication: Diversity of sponges associated in seagrass meadows at coastal area of Pacitan District, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3105-3112. Sponges are sessile organisms and aquatic filter feeders that play an important role in marine ecosystems. They are also secondary metabolite compounds that exhibit promising novel properties. Indonesia has been categorized as a hot spot for sponge diversity. Despite this fact, some Indonesian coastal areas, especially in the southern area of East Java, have not yet been comprehensively explored to understand its diversity and potential value. For this reason, we investigated species richness of sponges associated with seagrass meadows in the southern coastal area of Pacitan District, in East Java. Seagrass meadows are important coastal areas that have been recognized as buffer zones for sustainable marine conservation because it provides safe shelter and acts as a nursery for many fishes and other invertebrates, including sponges. We identified 16 genera out of 12 families from two selected beaches in Pacitan. Boring sponges belonging to the Clionaidea family were dominant in those areas, covering more than 20 percent of the total recorded specimens. Moreover, conspicuous boring sponges in this study can be used for further environment alert since this group plays a vital role and negatively impacts destroying the calcium carbonate of marine organisms.  
Nitrogen-fixation and phosphate-solubilization bacteria isolated from alluvial and latosol soil paddy field IKHWANI IKHWANI; NONON SARIBANON; TATANG MITRA SETIA; ERNY YUNIARTI; Jumakir Jumakir
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221103

Abstract

Abstract. Ikhwani, Saribanon N, Setia TM, Yuniarti E, Jumakir. 2021. Nitrogen-fixation and phosphate-solubilization bacteria isolated from alluvial and latosol soil paddy field. Biodiversitas 22: 4722-4730. This study aims to isolate, select and identify molecular characterization of bacteria from alluvial and latosol soil paddy field. This study has been conducted from February-June 2020 in the Soil Biology Laboratory, ICALRRD, Bogor. Alluvial and latosol soil samples were selected from Pusakanagara and Muara experimental gardens, Muara district. The result showed that bacteria growth in N-free media was higher from latosol soil as compared to alluvial soil. The higher nitrogenase activity isolates, could form ethylene gas concentration 1.1.E + 09 µmol/mL/hours, 1.7.E + 09 µmol/mL/hours and 1.3.E + 09 µmol/mL/hours from  alluvial 6, latosol 4, and latosol 9.  Three isolates have great PSB performances, i.e. isolates No. 4.2, 2.1 and 2 could dissolve 14.398 mg l-1, 12.648 mg l-1 and 12.145 mg l-1 of phosphate, from latosol soil. The highest N-fixing and solubilization capacity identified by molecular characterization i.e latosol 4, 4.2 and alluvial 7.1, alluvial-1.11. The phylogeny analyzed the presence of bacterial isolates in two distinct groups. Latosol 3.1 and latosol 4.2 isolates clustered in the same as the genus Lysinibacillus bacteria. The Alluvial 7.1 bacterial isolate showed similarities by Fictibacillus sp. and alluvial 1.2 isolate showed similarities by the genus Bacillus sp.
Potential of marine sponge-derived fungi in the aquaculture system Muhammad Syaifudien Bahry; Ocky Karna Radjasa; AGUS TRIANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 7 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220740

Abstract

Abstract. Bahry MS, Radjasa OK, Trianto A. 2021. Potential of marine sponge-derived fungi in the aquaculture system. Biodiversitas 22: 2883-2892. Organic waste from aquaculture is one of the triggers of disease outbreaks and a decrease in water quality that urgently needs to be resolved. Indonesia has a high diversity of sponges including their associated microorganisms that potential in the field of biotechnology. This study aimed to determine the enzymatic and anti-vibrio activity of fungi associated with marine sponges and identify potential fungi. The specimen of sponges was collected from Samalona Island, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The enzymatic and anti-vibrio assay was conducted by using the plug method and the activity was determined by a clear zone around the fungal isolates. Fungal identification was carried out molecularly using universal primers ITS1 and ITS4 and phylogenetic tree analysis. The fungal isolates were screened for the extracellular enzyme activity (amylase, cellulase, protease) and anti-vibrio activity against Vibrio parahaemolyticus, V. harveyi, and V. vulnificus). A total of three fungal isolates have been isolated from the sponge Monanchora sp. Isolate SL 3 SP 3.3 had potential enzymatic activities with Enzymatic Indeks (EI) 3.95±0.17 on amylase, 3.75±0.36 on cellulase, 5.38±0.30 on protease. The highest anti-vibrio activity was obtained against V. harveyi with an inhibition zone diameter of 4.82 ±0.37 mm. The results of fungal identification showed that isolate SL3SP3.3 had a sequence length of 638 bp and was closely related to Trichoderma reesei a.k.a Hypocrea jecorina with a similarity value of 99.69%.
Lunar cycle and reproductive activity of Redbelly yellowtail fusilier, Caesio cuning in Karimunjawa National Park, Indonesia Fabian Panji Ayodya; Diah Permata Wijayanti; Agus Sabdono
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 7 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220762

Abstract

Abstract. Ayodya FP, Wijayanti DP, Sabdono A. 2021. Lunar cycle and reproductive activity of Redbelly yellowtail fusilier, Caesio cuning in Karimunjawa National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3075-3082. Redbelly yellowtail fusilier (Caesio cuning) is known as fish that has been widely distributed among Southeast Asian countries. Fishers in Indonesia especially target the species, causing the scarcity and depletion of the catch in many fisheries areas each year. One of the priority aspects in improving fisheries management in conservation areas is information regarding reproductive activities. Many reports suggested that the lunar cycle affects the reproductive activity of fishes. However, none of the studies reported on the effect of lunar cycle on the reproductive activity of C. cuning. This study aimed to explain the lunar cycle effect on the reproductive activity of C. cuning through gonadosomatic index (GSI), viscerosomatix index (VSI), and the observation of oocyte conditions. There were 374 individual fishes collected from Nyamuk Island, Karimunjawa from September to November 2020. Samples were taken in each phase and between major phase of the moon (new, first quarter, full, last quarter) during two lunar cycles. The results point out mature gonad (stage IV and V) was present around the new moon. The peak of female GSI occurred around the last quarter moon with figures 6.12 and 5.51% respectively. The condition of the mature oocyte and ovulation were present around the last quarter and the new moon. The condition indicates imminent spawning.
A case study of agroforestry practices and challenges in Mt. Merapi risk and hazard prone area of Indonesia Zuhud Rozaki; Nur Rahmawati; Oki Wijaya; ATIKAH FAJRIYAH MUBAROK; Masateru Senge; Mohd Fauzi Kamarudin
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220661

Abstract

Abstract. Rozaki Z, Rahmawati N, Wijaya O, Mubarok AF, Senge M, Kamarudin MF. 2021. A case study of agroforestry practices and challenges in Mt. Merapi risk and hazard-prone area of Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 2511-2518. This paper presents a case study of agroforestry (AF) practices and challenges in Mt. Merapi risk and hazard-prone area of Indonesia. AF has been practiced by farmers in Mt. Merapi risk and hazard-prone area from older generation. Each area in Mt. Merapi has different types of AF such as agrisilviculture, silvopasture, and agrosilvopasture. In the village of Glagaharjo, Yogyakarta, this system has been used for land restoration or conservation. 139 AF adopters were chosen from 269 respondents that have been randomly interviewed from four different areas around Mt. Merapi. Statistical descriptive method using values of mean and percentage were used. Additionally, multinomial Logistic regression was utilized to understand the model. The findings of the study show that the trend of AF is increasing, especially in Glagaharjo, after the 2010 eruption. AF systems are also found to be practiced for mitigation strategies in facing Mt. Merapi hazards and risk, especially for crop protection, and land and water conservation. Promoting AF as one of the coping strategies in facing Mt. Merapi hazards and risk is important as indicated by the results of this study.
The variation of bird diversity in various oil palm land cover in North Mamuju, West Sulawesi, Indonesia Sitti Ramlah; YANTO SANTOSA; NYOTO SANTOSO; SITI BADRIYAH RUSHAYATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 7 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220761

Abstract

Abstract. Ramlah S, Santosa Y, Santoso N, Rushayati SB. 2021. The variation of bird diversity in various oil palm land cover in North Mamuju, West Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3068-3074. The development of oil palm plantations provides various positive impacts. On the other hand, this development is suspected to bring negative impacts on biodiversity, especially reducing bird species diversity. Based on the other research, well-managed oil palm plantations that maintain high conservation value areas have high species diversity. This study aimed to identify bird species diversity in different types of oil palm plantation land covers in North Mamuju. Data observation of bird species was performed using the transect method. There were 4 transects on each land cover. The results of this study showed that the young oil palm area had a high index of diversity and species richness. The high species diversity in the young palm area was caused by habitat variations. There was a water flow that provides more feed sources. The distance between the young oil palm area and secondary forest area affected the number of species, species richness and diversity of bird species. The category of insectivore guild which included aerial insectivores and insectivores was the dominant guild in all types of land cover, both in the number of species and the number of individual abundances.
Environmental parameters and diversity of diatoms in the Aïn Dalia dam, Northeast of Algeria KARIMA HERAMZA; CHOUKRI BAROUR; AICHA DJABOURABI; WILLIA KHATI; CHAHINAISE BOUALLAG
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 9 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220901

Abstract

Abstract. Heramza K, Barour C, Djabourabi A, Khati W, Bouallag C. 2021. Environmental parameters and diversity of diatoms in the Aïn Dalia dam, Northeast of Algeria. Biodiversitas 22: 3633-3644. Diatoms have long been used as biological indicators of the quality of aquatic environments due to their important capacity to respond to environmental change. As this flora has been very little studied in Algeria, the present study aimed to monitor the Spatio-temporal dynamics of diatoms at the Aïn Dalia dam (north-eastern of Algeria) and determine the main abiotic factors contributing to these variations from June 2017 to May 2018 in four selected stations. Our results showed that the waters of Aïn Dalia dam waters vary from moderately (St1 and St3) to significantly polluted (St2 and St4). They host the community of planktonic diatom flora composed of 72 species. The interspecific biodiversity was marked in summer and autumn (57 and 56 species respectively) and in the St4 station (52 species). In terms of abundance, more than 40% of the overall density was found in the St4 station and the fall period. Among the dominant genera, Cyclotella, Thalassiosira, Synedra and Navicula are found in moderately polluted waters, while Nitzschia, Melosira and Surirella in significantly polluted waters. Some environmental parameters, including nutrients (PO43-and NO2-), SM, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH played a key role in the functioning and evolution of this lake. Hence, these parameters demonstrated important fluctuations during our study and influenced directly the diatom distribution. These results showed that diatom assemblages are influenced by anthropogenic disturbances, and can be used as indicators of environmental quality.

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