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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
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Biosurfactant activity of indigenous Bacillus sp. ES4.3 isolated from endemic breeding sites of dengue hemorrhagic fever vector in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia: Biosurfactant Activity Bacillus sp. ES4.3 Indonesia FARAH AISYAH NAFIDIASTRI; RIZKY DANANG SUSETYO; TRI NURHARIYATI; AGUS SUPRIYANTO; ALMANDO GERALDI; NI’MATUZAHROH NI’MATUZAHROH; FATIMAH FATIMAH; SALAMUN SALAMUN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221219

Abstract

Abstract. Nafidiastri FA, Susetyo RD, Nurhariyati T, Supriyanto A, Geraldi A, Ni’matuzahroh, Fatimah, Salamun. 2021. Biosurfactant activity of indigenous Bacillus sp. ES4.3 isolated from endemic breeding sites of dengue hemorrhagic fever vector in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 5375-5381. Bacillus spp. have shown the ability to results a variety of commercial bioactive compounds such as proteins, peptides, and lipopeptides (LPs). Some of the LPs produced by Bacillus spp. are surfactin, iturin, and fengicin. This study aimed to determine the name of the indigenous Bacillus sp. ES4.3, the biosynthesis surfactin gene, and the potential activity for biosurfactant produced by entomopathogenic Bacillus sp. ES4.3 isolated from endemic breeding sites of ??Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Vector in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. Genomic DNA of Bacillus sp. ES4.3 was detected by isolating the DNA and visualizing it by electrophoresis. Furthermore, the 16S rRNA gene was amplified by the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method. The resulting nucleotide sequences were analyzed to find the relationship between Bacillus sp ES4.3 with another bacteria using MEGA version 6 software. Detection of biosynthesis surfactin gene was carried out by PCR method using srfAD primers. Analysis of the homology level of the surfactin gene was performed using the NCBI BLASTn and BLASTp genetic analysis program. The indigenous Bacillus sp. ES4.3 had 97.66% closeness to the species Bacillus velezensis FZB42 and the surfactin gene showed a 100% ID with the surfactin biosynthesis thioesterase SrfA-D gene on the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens group. The biosurfactant activity was indicated by the formation of clear zones, emulsions, and a decrease in surface tension in the values ??of 21.38 mN/m from the NB medium control and 33.74 mN/m from the distilled water control. The ability of B. velezensis ES4.3 to hemolyzed and reduce surface tension indicated the presence of biosurfactant that can disrupt stability and damage the midgut of Aedes aegypti. Thus, B. velezensis ES4.3 has the potential to be developed as a biocontrol in disease vectors.
The environmental services of Pangarengan mangrove forest in Cirebon, Indonesia: conserving biodiversity and storing carbon BUDI MULYANA; RIS HADI PURWANTO; PUSPITA INTAN SARI; MUHAMAD FAQIH HIDAYATULLAH; AFNI ATIKA MARPAUNG; ILHAM SATRIA RADITYA PUTRA; AGIK DWIKA PUTRA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221246

Abstract

Abstract. Purwanto RH, Mulyana B, Sari PI, Hidayatullah MF, Marpaung AA, Putra ISR, Putra AD. 2021. The environmental services of Pangarengan mangrove forest in Cirebon, Indonesia: conserving biodiversity and storing carbon. Biodiversitas 22: 5609-5616. Pangarengan mangrove forest in Cirebon, Indonesia, plays a vital role in providing ecosystem services, such as conserving biodiversity and storing carbon. The area of the Pangarengan mangrove forest is relatively small, but it is home to diverse flora and fauna. Also, it can mitigate climate change by storing carbon. Unfortunately, no specific records exist on biodiversity and carbon stock in the Pangarengan mangrove forest. This study aimed to record the diversity of flora and fauna of the Pangarengan mangrove using a survey approach and to estimate its carbon stocks using a non-destructive sampling method, except for seedlings, on 78 sampling plots, distributed randomly along the banks of the Cipaluh River. The results revealed that the flora consisted of 24 species, and the fauna was composed of 12 species. The mangrove species in the Pangarengan mangrove forest was dominated by Rhizophora mucronata. The carbon stocks varied among species or the life stages of plants (seedlings, saplings, poles, and trees). The carbon stock of Avicennia marina trees was the highest (110.810 MgC/ha), and the lowest was the seedlings of the Avicennia alba (0.005 MgC/ha). Furthermore, the interpretation of the images showed that the Pangarengan mangrove forest area is 21.5 ha. The mangrove forest is located in the coastal area of the Java Sea, 2.4 km from the residential area of Pangarengan village. It is crucial to preserve the Pangarengan mangrove forest because it functions as a source of biodiversity and carbon storage.
Physicochemical characteristics of promising soybean lines adapted to acid soil and the tofu produced Erliana Ginting; JOKO SUSILO UTOMO; HERU KUSWANTORO; WONG-YOUNG HAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221137

Abstract

Abstract. Ginting E, Utomo JS, Kuswantoro H, Han W-Y. Physicochemical characteristics of promising soybean lines adapted to acid soil and the tofu produced. Biodiversitas 22: 5012-5022. Breeding of soybean varieties adapted to different agro-ecological conditions in Indonesia is essential in terms of increasing domestic production through extensification. About 20 promising soybean lines adapted/tolerant to acid soil have been available, thus it is necessary to study their physical and chemical characteristics as well as the suitability as ingredients for tofu products. Four improved varieties (Grobogan, Tanggamus, Anjasmoro, and Wilis) were used as the checks. The results showed that one line belonged to large-seeded, namely Tgm/Anj-995 (15.13 g/100 seeds), slightly smaller than Grobogan (16.26 g/100 seeds). Eighteen lines were medium (similar to Anjasmoro and Tanggamus varieties), while one line was small-seeded (similar to Wilis variety). Five lines contained higher protein (40.35–41.80% dw) relative to four check varieties (36.03–38.18% dw). Tofu prepared from Tgm/Anj-908 and Tgm/Anj-991 lines had the highest scores for color, aroma, and taste acceptances; however, the texture was slightly firm, followed by the Tgm/Anj-932, Tgm/Anj-995, Tgm/Anj-862, and Tgm/Anj-888 lines, which had a softer texture. Their scores were slightly higher than those of Anjasmoro. This suggests that selected soybean promising lines tolerant to acid soil have better physical and nutritional performances relative to their check varieties, with six lines suitable for tofu ingredients.
Population dynamics and feeding habit of Oreochromis niloticus and O. mossambicus in Siombak Tropical Coastal Lake, North Sumatra, Indonesia: Population Dynamics and Feeding Habit of Tilapia Ahmad Muhtadi; Muhammad Nur; Husain Latuconsina; Thomas Hidayat
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230119

Abstract

Abstract. Muhtadi A, Nur M, Latuconsina H, Hidayat T. 2021. Population dynamics and feeding habit of Oreochromis niloticus and O. mossambicus in Siombak Tropical Coastal Lake, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 151-159. Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and O. mossambicus (Mozambique Tilapia) are economically important fish species in Indonesia. This study aims to determine these two fish species' population dynamics, including growth, reproduction, recruitment, mortality rates, exploitation rates, and feeding habits. Samples were taken from September 2018 to August 2019 in Siombak Lake, North Sumatra Province. Data were analyzed in this study using software FISAT-II and Microsoft Excel. The results showed that Nile Tilapia had an isomeric growth pattern, and Mozambique Tilapia exhibited a negative allometric growth pattern. The estimate von Bertalanffy's growth parameters on ELEFAN-I were asymptotic length (L?) of Nile tilapia: 36.06 cm and Mozambique tilapia: 26.09 cm. The growth coefficient (K) of Nile tilapia was 0.59, and Mozambique tilapia was 0.54. The mortality rate (Z) of Nile tilapia reached 3.20 per year, and Mozambique tilapia reached 3.04 per year, whereas the natural mortality (M) of Nile Tilapia 1.24 while Mozambique Tilapia was 1.27. Based on the rate of exploitation, both fish have been overexploited. Peak spawning of Nile Tilapia was in August and December, and of Mozambique Tilapia was in March and June. Both species were omnivores, predominantly with herbivorous feeding habits.
Diversity of hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) in Nagarjun, Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park, Nepal Nabin Budhathoki; Sushma Dhakal; Urmila Dyola
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221220

Abstract

Abstract. Budhathoki N, Dhakal S, Dyola U. 2021. Diversity of hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) in Nagarjun, Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park, Nepal. Biodiversitas 22: 5382-5388. Hoverflies are recognized as potential pollinators of a wide range of wild plants. This study explored the abundance and diversity of hoverflies over three different seasons from October 2018 to April 2019 in two different study sites, i.e. forest and grassland at Nagarjun of Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park, Nepal. Each site of the study area was further divided into five sampling transect stations. Hoverflies were collected from each station by using two methods as pan trap sampling and transect sweeping sampling. Overall, a total of 373 specimens representing 13 species under nine genera of two subfamilies (Syrphinae and Eristalinae) were recorded. The abundance and diversity of hoverflies varied seasonally, the maximum number of individuals and diversity were recorded from the spring season, whereas the minimum number of individuals and diversity were found in the winter season. In addition, forest habitat consists of the highest abundance and diversity of hoverflies, whereas grassland consists of the lowest abundance and diversity. The analysis done by using generalized linear modeling (GLM) revealed climatic parameters such as temperature and humidity had a varying effect on the abundance of hoverflies. However, both these parameters had not any significant influence on the number of hoverfly species.
Morphology and molecular identification of Eurytrema spp. worm in Aceh cattle, Indonesia MUHAMMAD HANAFIAH; TEUKU ZAHRIAL HELMI; AMALIA SUTRIANA; MUHAMMAD BAHI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221251

Abstract

Abstract. Hanafiah M, Helmi TZ, Sutriana A, Bahi M. 2021. Morphology and molecular identification of  Eurytrema spp. worm in Aceh cattle, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 5654-5661. The objective of this research was to determine the species of Eurytrema spp. in Aceh cattle which were slaughtered in slaughterhouses located in Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Identification of Eurytrema spp worm species was performed by Semichon’s Carmine staining, SEM and molecular method. The result fromSemichon’s Carmine staining and SEM method showed that worms coded E2 and E3 were Eurytrema cladorchis indicated by clearly visible protruding cirrus while worms coded E1, E4 and E5 were E. pancreaticum indicated by the absence of protruding cirrus. Molecular characterization of Eurytrema spp.produced fragments of approximately 700 bp in length. The phylogenic tree showed that Eurytrema spp.from Aceh cattle consisted of  2 clades: clade 1 was E. pancreaticum, while clade 2 was E. cladorchis. DNA sequencing result showed that the similarity of worm samples coded 1, 4, and 5 were 98.90% similar to E.  pancreaticum (KJ767631.1 and KC535543.1), and 96. 33% similar to E. cladorchis (MN566134.5 and MN566140.1), whereas the worm samples coded 2 and 3 were 97.53% similar to E. pancreaticum (KY490000.1 until KY490004.1), and 97.55 % similar to E. cladorchis (MN566135.1 until MN566140.1). This research was able to identify E. pancreaticumand E. cladorchis in Aceh cattle slaughtered in Banda Aceh slaughter houses.
Bioremediation of batik wastewater by Rhizobacteria isolated from iron sand soils tolerant of Pb and Zn: Rhizobacteria tolerant of Pb and Cd OEDJIJONO OEDJIJONO; SRI LESTARI; LESA SURYANI SAMSUDIN; HERMILIA HERMILIA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230136

Abstract

Abstract. Oedjijono, Lestari S, Samsudin LS, Hermilia. 2021. Bioremediation of batik wastewater by Rhizobacteria isolated from iron sand soils tolerant of Pb and Zn. Biodiversitas 23: 299-305. Rhizobacteria originated from Iron sand soils are thought to be resistant to heavy metals because they are adapted to metal-contaminated environments. Batik industry produces pollutants containing organic substances, solid suspension, and heavy metals such as Lead (Pb) and Zinc (Zn). The objectives of this study were to select and determine the identity of Rhizobacterial isolates tolerant of Pb and Zn metals, to investigate their ability and the optimum pH in tolerating and reducing the concentrations of Pb and Zn in batik wastewater. The results found five Rhizobacterial isolates of Rb2, Rb6, Rb7, Rb8, and Rb12 showing high tolerance to Pb and Zn metals. The adsorption capacity of selected Rhizobacterial isolates of Rb2, Rb8, and Rb12 on Pb was significant at pH 5.5-6.0 with the mean concentration of Pb reduced was 2.836 mg/L (80%), while against Zn by isolates of Rb6, rb7, and Rb12 was high at pH 5.5 with a reduced concentration of 0.8761 mg/L (43.2%). The selected Rhizobacterial isolates of Rb2 and Rb6 were identified as members of the genus Pseudomonas, Rb7 and Rb8 belonged to the genus Lactobacillus, while Rb12 was a species member of the genus Staphylococcus.
Ethnobotany of edible plants in Muang District, Kalasin Province, Thailand NATTHAKIT PHATLAMPHU; SURAPON SAENSOUK; PIYAPORN SAENSOUK; AUEMPORN JUNSONGDUANG
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221226

Abstract

Abstract. Phatlamphu N, Saensouk S, Saensouk P, Jungsongduang A. 2021. Ethnobotany of edible plants in Muang District, Kalasin Province, Thailand. Biodiversitas 22: 5425- 5431. Edible plants have been used as a food source and have had other purposes since ancient times, but urbanization and modernization might be obscuring traditional knowledge. Therefore, this research aimed to conduct a study on the ethnobotany of indigenous people in Muang District, Kalasin Province based on edible plants by focusing on their specific uses. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions from March 2019 to February 2021. Quantitative analysis was applied using the Cultural Important Index (CI), Fidelity Level (FL) and Informant Consensus Factor (ICF). Cluster analysis based on the Jaccard’s Similarity Index (JI) was calculated for the similarity of edible plant uses in four communities is as follows: urban/semi-urban (UB), forest community (FC), wetland community (WC) and community in valley (CV). There were 140 edible plant species that belonged to 125 genera and 62 families. The most important edible plants species were Tamarindus indica which had a CI of 2.65 followed by Bambusa bambos (2.00) and Citrus hystrix (1.90). The highest FL value is given for 51 edible plant species with 100% FL. The ICF is a range of 0 to 1; the most consensus of ailment categories was the treatment of wound (ICF = 1.00). The JI varied between 0.2640 and 0.2971; the highest JI was the pairs of WC and FC. UPGMA cluster analysis indicated that UB is isolated as they have less similarity to other communities. The results show a risk of traditional knowledge loss due to the expansion of the economic system at all levels and the advancement of modern medicine.
Visual soil structure quality and its correlation to quantitative soil physical properties of upland rice site in Falcataria moluccana agroforestry system BAGASTAMA DIPA BRILIAWAN; NURHENI WIJAYANTO; BASUKI WASIS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230423

Abstract

Abstract. Briliawan BD, Wijayanto N, Wasis B. 2022. Visual soil structure quality and its correlation to quantitative soil physical properties of upland rice site in Falcataria moluccana agroforestry system. Biodiversitas 23: 1894-1903. Sengon and upland rice are plants that have the potential to be combined in the agroforestry system. However, its development often results in poor quantitative soil physical properties. Measuring the soil’s physical properties is expensive and complicated to do by some people. This study aims to measure the visual soil structure quality from different land covers and calculate its correlation to the parameters of the soil’s physical properties. The research was conducted in the Cikabayan forest and used the purposive sampling method to take soil samples. The research was conducted by comparing nine land covers in the form of agroforestry and monoculture developed in organic and conventional agriculture with tropical rainforests as natural vegetation. Three samples were taken for each land cover type and analyzed with a completely randomized design. The research showed that the vegetation of tropical rainforest generated the best score on all visual soil structure quality measurement methods (VESS, GrassVESS Sq and GrassVESS Rm). The measurement of soil physical properties at natural vegetation of tropical rainforests generated the highest score on the porosity (57.303%). Meanwhile, monoculture-conventional land generated the highest bulk density (1.373 g.cm-3). The VESS method had the highest correlation with soil physical properties compared to other visual soil structure quality measurement methods. Thus, natural vegetation is the best type of land cover compared to all cultivated land and the VESS method is the most appropriate method for estimating soil physical properties.
Profile variation of bla genes among non-lactose fermenting Gram-negative bacilli between clinical and environmental isolates of Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia Pristiawan Navy Endraputra; KUNTAMAN KUNTAMAN; Eddy Bagus Wasito; Toshiro Shirakawa; Dadik Raharjo; Wahyu Setyarini
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221141

Abstract

Abstract. Endraputra PN, Kuntaman K, Wasito EB, Shirakawa T, Raharjo D, Setyarini W. 2021. Profile variation of bla genes among non-lactose fermenting Gram negative bacilli between clinical and environmental isolates of Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 5047-5054. Carbapenem-resistant non-fermenter Gram-negative bacilli are notorious opportunistic pathogens in hospitalized patients and hospital environments. This study explored the carbapenemase gene among non-fermenter Gram-negative bacilli from hospital wastewater and clinical isolates in Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. All samples were screened on MacConkey agar with meropenem 2 µg/ml and gene detected by Multiplex PCR. All samples were screened on MacConkey agar with meropenem 2 µg/ml and gene detected by Multiplex PCR. A total of 121 isolates consisted of 76 clinical (41 carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and 35 carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa), 45 environmental isolates (6 carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 32 carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas spp.), and 7 screening samples (all CRPAs). Clinical isolates carbapenemase genes were identified, blaOXA-23-like 21 (28%), blaOXA-24-like 30 (39%), blaNDM-1 1 (1%), and blaIMP-1 6 (8%) while environmental isolates were blaOXA-23-like 5 (13%), blaOXA-24-like 4 (11%), blaOXA-48-like 2 (5%), blaNDM-1 13 (34%), blaVIM 12 (32%), and blaIMP-1 4 (11%). Rectal swab screening specimens presented blaOXA-23-like 3 (43%), blaOXA-24-like 3 (43%), and blaNDM-1 1 (14%). The carbapenemase gene pattern was different between clinical and environmental isolates. The blaOXA-23-like and blaOXA-24-like were most prevalent among in both clinical and wastewater, while blaVIM was mostly in wastewater. The presence of carbapenem-resistant non-fermenter Gram-negative bacilli carrying carbapenemase genes in hospital effluents indicated that the community river was seeded with an antimicrobial resistance gene.

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