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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
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Review: Traditional knowledge of the Dayak Tribes (Borneo) in the use of medicinal plants FATIHA RISTYA AZ-ZAHRA; NERIZA LARAS WIDYA SARI; RAIHANI SAPUTRY; GILANG DWI NUGROHO; TEGUH PRIBADI; SUNARTO SUNARTO; AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 10 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221057

Abstract

Abstract. Az-Zahra FR, Sari NLW, Saputry R, Nugroho GD, Sunarto, Pribadi T, Setyawan AD. 2021. Review: Traditional knowledge of the Dayak Tribe (Borneo) in the use of medicinal plants. Biodiversitas 22: 4633-4647. Dayak is the name for the native inhabitants of the island of Borneo. The Dayak Tribe uses natural and forest products in plants as traditional medicine for health treatment. This study aims to obtain information about the utilization of medicinal plants in the Dayak Tribe. The knowledge about traditional medicine by utilizing medicinal plants has been obtained from their ancestors since ancient times and inherited from generation to generation. The use of various medicinal plants used by the Dayak Tribe has differences in terms of the part of the plant taken, how to process it, and how to use it. This is because each Dayak Sub-tribe has its role model for using these medicinal plants. For example, the leaves are used in one area, and it could be that the plant roots are used in other areas. This paper reviews the use of medicinal plants to treat various diseases by 6 Dayak sub-tribes, namely: Desa Dayak Sub-tribe (member of Iban Dayak), Jangkang Dayak Sub-tribe (member of Klemantan Dayak), Bakumpai Dayak Sub-tribe (member of OtDanum-Ngaju Dayak), Kenyah Dayak Sub-tribe (member of Apokayan Dayak), Tagol Dayak Sub-tribe (member of Murut Dayak), and Siang Dayak Sub-tribe (member of Punan Dayak). The results from 6 Dayak Sub-tribes revealed 63 families of plants from which 133 species. The family most widely used for medicinal plants, namely Euphorbiaceae, consists of 9 species, and the leaf is the most commonly used part of the plants (47%). The traditional knowledge of the Dayak Tribe in utilizing plant resources will significantly help preserve biodiversity and domestication of medicinal plants. Suppose medicinal plants are exploited more than they should. In that case, it will undoubtedly have a significant impact on their availability in the forest area, and if it continues, it will cause the extinction of certain species. This implies the importance of preserving local wisdom in the Dayak Tribe so that the use of nature is done wisely and so that it remains sustainable. By knowing the benefits of medicinal plants, Dayak Tribe will want to conserve these medicinal plants to be used in the future.
An evaluation of an agroforestry system with 2-year-old sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) and shade-tolerant upland rice SAHIDA HAURANI TSANIYA; NURHENI WIJAYANTO; DESTA WIRNAS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230261

Abstract

Abstract. Tsaniya SH, Wijayanto N, Wirnas D. 2022. An evaluation of an agroforestry system with 2-year-old sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) and shade-tolerant upland rice. Biodiversitas 23: 1159-1166. Sengon is tree species that is often cultivated with upland rice in agroforestry systems. The main obstacle of rice development in agroforestry systems are competition between plants for sunlight and nutrients. 2-year-old sengon has a wider canopy and longer roots, increasing competition between sengon and rice. Planting upland rice in this condition requires strategies, such as selecting shade-tolerant rice varieties and rice plantations inside bamboo. This study aimed to evaluate the agroforestry system of sengon and shade-tolerant upland rice when the sengon plants were two years old and evaluate the effectiveness of using bamboo to reduce the competition between sengon and upland rice. This research was conducted from November 2020 to April 2021 in the Cikabayan Forest, IPB University, Bogor, West Java. This study one-factor completely randomized design to analyze the growth of sengon provenances and a three-factor completely randomized design with three replications to analyze the growth and yield of rice. The first factor was the cultivation system (Solomon F1 agroforestry, Solomon F2 agroforestry, local sengon agroforestry, and rice monoculture), the second factor was the planting method (using bamboo and without bamboo), and the third factor was rice varieties (Rindang 1 Agritan and Rindang 2 Agritan). The results showed that Solomon and local sengon in this study had a growth that was not significantly different and had low diversity. The results also showed that 2-year-old sengon spacing 3 m x 1.5 m caused great shade and high competition, leading to low rice yields.
The habitat suitability of Timor friarbird (Philemon inornatus) in Western Timor Island, Indonesia Blasius Paga; SATYAWAN PUDYATMOKO; LIES RAHAYU WIJAYANTI; PRAMANA YUDA; NURPANA SULAKSONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230215

Abstract

Abstract. Paga B, Pudyatmoko S, Wijayanti LR, Yuda P, Sulaksono N. 2021. The habitat suitability of Timor friarbird (Philemon inornatus) in Western Timor Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 703-713. Timor friarbird is an endemic bird to Timor Island. The population of this bird has been declining due to land cover changes as a result of massive anthropogenic pressures. This study aimed to assess the suitability of Timor friarbird's habitat by using 12 ecogeographical variables. The sources of data included Sentinel 2A satellite imagery and remote sensing-based algorithms. The bird's presence was analyzed by using a combination of line transect with point count methods. Ecological Niche Factor Analysis (ENFA) model was applied to obtain habitat suitability value as well as coefficient of marginality (M) and specialization (S). These results showed that the Timor friarbird needs a habitat with a different value from the average of the entire habitat. High specialization value indicated that the species has a narrow ecological niche. Factors influencing habitat suitability included the distance from roads, the presence of mangroves, primary and secondary dryland forests, rivers, and low-density settlements. About 75% of the study area is classified as unsuitable habitat, and only 22% is suitable with range classes of suitability from marginal to optimal habitat. Areas with less anthropogenic pressure on the land cover will be preferred more by the bird. Improvement of unsuitable habitat and protection of suitable habitat, therefore, will be the most important strategy for Timor friarbird conservation.
Species, nutritional value, and elemental content of Stenochlaena distributed in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia HASTIN ERNAWATI NUR CHUSNUL CHOTIMAH; MULIANSYAH MULIANSYAH; WAHYU WIDYAWATI; PITRAMA PITRAMA; HAIRU SUPARTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 10 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231047

Abstract

Abstract. Chotimah HENC, Muliansyah, Widyawati W, Pitrama, Suparto H. 2022. Species, nutritional value, and elemental content of Stenochlaena distributed in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5367-5372. Stenochlaena J. Smith is belonging to the family of Blechnaceae, consisting of only seven species and widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. In Central Kalimantan Indonesia, Stenochlaena is also widely distributed and abundant in this province. The paper will deliver the diversity of species, and chemical composition value of Stenochlaena in Central Kalimantan. The method used was a survey conducted in the tree district of Central Kalimantan namely Barito Selatan, Kapuas, and Palangka Raya. The key to species determination used was a paper published by Chamber (2013). Chemical composition was measured by proximate analysis while elemental content was established by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. This is the first report on the proximate and element components of some Stenochlaena species, other than Stenochlaena palustris. The results showed that there were four species of Stenochlaena found in Central Kalimantan, namely Stenochlaena palustris, Stenochlaena tenuifolia, Stenochlaena milnei and Stenochlaena cumingi. Stenochlaena palustris had the greatest moisture and proteins while S. cumingii had the highest content of ash. The biggest content of lipids was owned by S. milnei meanwhile S. tenuifolia had the most content of fiber. Stenochlaena palustris also had the highest N, P, K, Mg meantime, the highest Ca and Fe were in S. cumingii and S. milnei, respectively.
Curcuma siamensis (Zingiberaceae, Zingibereae), a new species of Curcuma subgen. Ecomatae from Southeastern Thailand: Curcuma siamensis (Zingiberaceae: Zingibereae), a new species of Curcuma subgen. Ecomatae from Southeastern Thailand Piyaporn Saensouk; THAWATPHONG BOONMA; SURAPON SAENSOUK
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221201

Abstract

Abstract. Saensouk P, Boonma T, Saensouk S. 2021. Curcuma siamensis (Zingiberaceae, Zingibereae), a new species of Curcuma subgen. Ecomatae from Southeastern Thailand. Biodiversitas 22: 5239-5246. Curcuma siamensis Saensouk & Boonma sp. nov. (Zingiberaceae: Zingibereae) belonging to the genus Curcuma subgenus Ecomatae, as herein described and illustrated discovered in Chachoengsao Province, Southeastern Thailand during our exploration of Zingiberaceae family in Thailand and in preparation for the revision of the genus Curcuma for the Flora of Thailand project. It is similar to Curcuma rangsimae Boonma & Saensouk in having terminal inflorescences between the leaf-sheaths, emerging at the basal of the pseudo-stem, lacking coma bract, yellow flowers, presence of epigynous glands, and anther spurs make this plant most similar to, which are also distributed in this nearby area too. But differ in having leaves narrowly elliptic, narrower and shorter in size 18–36 × 6–8.5 cm, upper midrib reddish; thyrse shorter and smaller (5–6.5 cm long, 4–5 cm in diam.); peduncle glabrous; bracts per inflorescence 10–15 in number, fused almost only at base; corolla lobes white, longer and narrower 17–18.3 × 6–7.8 mm; staminodes uniquely obovate-rhombic; labellum ovate-trullate; filament 4.4–4.5 mm long; anther longer c. 8 mm long, spurs pointing outward in front view, with anther crest apex retuse (vs. C. rangsimae having leaves narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate, 40–70 × 12–20 cm, upper midrib green; thyrse 12–20 cm long, 7.8–9.5 cm in diam.; peduncle pilose; 25–48 in number, connate 1/4 to 1/3 at base; corolla lobes light pale yellow, 15–17 × 9–12 mm; staminodes asymmetrical trullate–ovate; labellum ovate; filament 6–7 mm long; anther 6.3–6.9 mm long, spurs pointing downward in from view, with anther crest apex rounded). Based on the results of the morphological comparison and examination of all allied species in the same genus were found to be inconsistent with any species, especially in the subgenus Ecomatae. A comprehensive description, illustration, photographs, ecology, etymology, distribution and a revised key to 21species of Curcuma subgenus Ecomatae in Thailand are provided.
Diversity of phytoplankton in the whiteleg (Litopenaeus vannamei) shrimp ponds in the south coastal area of Pangandaran, Indonesia: Diversity of Phytoplankton in the Whiteleg (litopenaeus vannamei) Shrimp Pond Mustika Palupi; Ren Fitriadi; RUDI WIJAYA; PURWO RAHARJO; RISA NURWAHYUNI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230115

Abstract

Abstract. Palupi M, Fitriadi R, Wijaya R, Raharjo P, Nurwahyuni R. 2021. Diversity of phytoplankton in the whiteleg (Litopenaeus vannamei) shrimp ponds in the south coastal area of ??Pangandaran, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 118-124. Intensive shrimp farming in ponds is characterized by high stocking densities, complete feeding in quality and quantity, and good environmental control to produce the maximum quantity of shrimp in a fixed area. Phytoplankton is a bioindicator affecting the productivity of whiteleg shrimp in ponds. Currently, intensive shrimp farming activity is carried out on the south coast of Java, which utilizes sandy soil with a biofloc system, but the production has not been optimal. The objective of this study was to analyze the diversity and abundance of phytoplankton and water quality in the traditional and intensive whiteleg shrimp ponds in Pangandaran, West Java, to support sustainable pond management. The objective of the study was achieved by calculating the abundance, diversity index, evenness index and dominance index of planktons in intensive and traditional ponds. The study results showed that Chrysophyta division had the highest abundance and species number in both intensive and traditional ponds. The most abundant phytoplankton found in the intensive ponds was Halosphaera viridis (3143.88 ind/m3), and that in the traditional ponds was Rhizosolenia stolterfothi (1414.746 ind/m3). The phytoplankton diversity index (H') in the intensive ponds was 1.95 and that in the traditional ponds was 2.17. The dominance index value in the intensive ponds was 0.18 and in the traditional ponds 0.15. The abundance of phytoplankton is a limitation of the production success of whiteleg shrimp farming.
Habitat characteristic and density of larva Aedes albopictus in Curug, Tangerang District, Banten Province, Indonesia 2018 DEWI MARIA YULIANI; Upik Kesumawati Hadi; SUSI SOVIANA; ELOK BUDI RETNANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221216

Abstract

Abstract. Yuliani DM, Hadi UK, Soviana S, Retnani EB. 2021. Habitat characteristic and density of larva Aedes albopictus in Curug, Tangerang District, Banten Province, Indonesia 2018. Biodiversitas 22: 5350-5357. Aedes albopictus, an aggressive, strong, anthropophilic, exophilic, and exophagic mosquito, was an important vector of dengue fever, chikungunya and yellow fever; it became public health problem all over the world. Larvae of Ae. albopictus live in water-filled various types of containers. The study aimed to measure habitat characteristics and the density of larvae of Ae. albopictus in Curug Subdistrict, Tangerang District. This research was conducted in seven endemic villages of Curug Subdistrict, from January to July 2018. Mosquito larvae were collected in 100 houses in every village, the total samples were 700 houses, and observed all outdoor water containers. In this study, 2990 containers consisted of 1545 (51.67%) controllable containers and 1445 (48.33%) disposable containers. Containers positive for Ae. albopictus were 1320 containers from 597 (45.23%) controllable containers and 723 (54.77%%) disposable containers. The larval density indices were 44.96% (Container Index, CI) and 188.57% (Breteau Index, BI). The analysis Maya index in seven villages in Curug Subdistrict showed that 72.57% belonged to the moderate category, so that the area had the potential as breeding sites of Ae. albopictus. Habitat characteristics of Ae. albopictus in Curug Subdistrict was mostly in disposable containers outside the house.
The effects of introduction of the Sulawesi Endemic Stingless Bee Tetragonula cf. biroi from Sulawesi to Java on foraging behavior, natural enemies, and their productivity Andi Gita Maulidyah Indraswari Suhri; RC Hidayat Soesilohadi; Ali Agus; Sih Kahono
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221248

Abstract

Abstract. Suhri AGMI, Soesilohadi RCH, Agus A, Kahono S. 2021. The effects of introduction of the Sulawesi Endemic Stingless Bee Tetragonula cf. biroi from Sulawesi to Java on foraging behavior, natural enemies, and their productivity. Biodiversitas 22: 5624-5632. The existence of species in an environment has gone through a long adaptation process to the natural environment. This study aims to determine the behavior of bees, pollen types, natural enemies, and products of the Sulawesi endemic bee Tetragonula cf. biroi in its natural habitat and after being introduced to Java. This research was conducted in North Luwu and Bone District, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, as the native habitat. Purworejo, Magelang, and Bantul District in Java as an introduction site. The observation of foraging behavior was recorded by scan sampling method; pollen identification using the acetolysis method. Natural enemies were observed directly and through interviews with beekeepers. The results showed significant differences in the number of T. cf. biroi that returned to the nest between native and introduced habitats (p value < 0.05). Pollen collected by T. cf. biroi in Sulawesi were more varied in type. The woody plants and tall trees dominate the types of pollen they collect in Sulawesi. The pollen collected in Java was dominated by ornamental plants, intentionally grown as feed. The attack of Small hive beetle and black soldier flies larvae caused the colony of T. cf. biroi to die and not produce honey optimally. Another problem is the T. cf. biroi nest is taken over by the local bee Tetragonula laeviceps.
Implementation of the remote indigenous community empowerment program on the sustainability of the local food crops in West Papua, Indonesia Lazarus Indow; Rudi A Maturbongs; Saraswati Prabawardani; Hendri HENDRI; Graham Lyons
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221202

Abstract

Abstract. Indow L, Maturbongs RA, Prabawardani S, Hendri, Lyons G. 2021. Implementation of the remote indigenous community empowerment program on the sustainability of the local food crops in West Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 5247-5254. An ethnobotanical study of local food crops in the areas receiving the program of remote indigenous community empowerment (RIC) in the three ecosystem areas of Domberai, West Papua was conducted to assess the effect of the program on specific local food crops. This study used a descriptive method with qualitative and quantitative data components. Surveys and field observations were carried out at predetermined village locations, using a purposive sampling interview method with community representatives, tribal chiefs, and leaders in each indigenous community. Field data were analyzed quantitatively to find the value of the benefit index (BI) on food crops. Results of the study showed the highest BI values of carbohydrate-rich crops were banana (Musa sp.) which accounted for 98%, sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) 98%, followed by taro (Colocasia esculenta) 94%, and cassava (Manihot esculenta) 90%. Vegetable crops with the highest BI values were gedi leaves (Abelmoschus manihot) 98%, papaya leaves (Carica papaya) 86%, followed by sweet potato leaves (Ipomoea batata) 56%, cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta) 56%, gnetum leaves (Gnetum gnemon) 55%, and pumpkin leaves (Cucurbita) 52%. The highest BI values in fruit crops were rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) 72%, mango (Mangifera indica) 70%, and durian (Durio zibethinus) 59%. The shift from local food crops to rice has been observed in the villages of Sakumi and Yamboi which are relatively accessible for transportation, while the people of Watitindoi Village, which is located on a small island and is isolated, have been mostly relied on local food crops.
Short communication: Vocalization of the Long-eared owl Asio otus (Strigiformes, Strigidae) in the Middle Volga, Russia Alexey Andreychev Alexey; ALEXANDER LAPSHIN; VYACHESLAV KUZNETSOV
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221213

Abstract

Abstract. Andreychev A, Lapshin A, Kuznetsov V. 2021. Short Communication: Vocalization of the Long-eared owl Asio otus (Strigiformes, Strigidae) in the Middle Volga, Russia. Biodiversitas 22: 5325-5330. Both daily and seasonal year-round vocalizations of the Long-eared owl (Asio otus) (Linnaeus, 1758) were recorded in the Middle Volga River region, Russia with the use of digital dictophones. Voice recorders were installed in the daytime for up to 5 days. The maximum duration of continuous operation of voice recorders was about 140 hours. By the time the previous recording was finished, we would arrive and move the recorder to a different location. The Long-eared owl can be classified as a moderately vocalizing bird, with calls recorded during 3 spring months. Peak activity is associated with pre-incubation and incubation periods. In the spring months, calls of the Long-eared owl were recorded from 16.37 h to 03.43 h. In the spring, the Long-eared owl began to cry before sunset (from 1 hour 30 minutes to 3 hours 15 minutes) and after sunset (from 56 minutes to 3 hours 39 minutes). Vocalization started after sunset for an average of 50 minutes. Vocalization always ended before dawn (to 1 h 21 min). Statistically significant differences in the duration of vespers and morning vocalizations were obtained with the use Mann-Whitney U test (Z = -3.08; p < 0.05).

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