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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
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The potency of selected ethnomedicinal plants from East Kalimantan, Indonesia as antidiabetic agents and free-radical scavengers RICO RAMADHAN; PREECHA PHUWAPRAISIRISAN; RUDIANTO AMIRTA; MUHAMMAD FADIL BAGAS DARMAWAN; KAUTSAR UL-HAQ; IRAWAN WIJAYA KUSUMA; HERY SUWITO; NURLITA ABDULGANI; AHMAD MUKHDLOR; SAPARWADI SAPARWADI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230458

Abstract

Abstract. Ramadhan R, Phuwapraisirisan P, Amirta R, Darmawan MFB, Ul-Haq K, Kusuma IW, Suwito H, Abdulgani N, Mukhdlor A, Saparwadi. 2022. The potency of selected ethnomedicinal plants from East Kalimantan, Indonesia as antidiabetic agents and free-radical scavengers. Biodiversitas 23: 2225-2231. Ten ethnomedicinal plant extracts from East Kalimantan flora, traditionally used to treat blood sugar levels and other diabetes-related diseases, were examined in vitro for their antidiabetic and free radical scavenging activities by inhibiting rat alpha-glucosidase and several free radicals such as DPPH, ABTS, and Nitric oxide respectively. Out of the ten plant species investigated for their antidiabetic activity against maltase and sucrase rat alpha-glucosidase, three exhibited the strongest ?-glucosidaseinhibitory activity with maltose as a substrate, namely extracts of Garcinia nervosa, Syzygium caudatilimbum, and Shorea balangeran with IC50 values of 0.046; 0.037; 0.045 mg/mL. Meanwhile, quercetin as a positive control appeared to have a comparable IC50value. Furthermore, among the ten extracts, Syzygium caudatilimbum, Shorea balangeran, and Ixora javanica showed good inhibition against sucrase rat alpha-glucosidase. Moreover, the antioxidant test showed that the ten methanol extracts of plants from East Kalimantan have an antioxidant activity indicated by IC50values. The present study confirms that the ethnopharmacological use of selected plants from East Kalimantan might have potential as an antidiabetic and natural antioxidant.
Anthropogenic introduction of the Spotted Barb, Barbodes binotatus, across the Wallace Line in western Sulawesi, Indonesia SEPTIANA SRI ASTUTI; ANIK MARTINAH HARIATI; WAHYU ENDRA KUSUMA; ATING YUNIARTI; NIA KURNIAWAN; DEWA GEDE RAKA WIADNYA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240369

Abstract

Abstract. Astuti SS, Hariati AM, Kusuma WE, Yuniarti A, Kurniawan N, Wiadnya DGR. 2023. Anthropogenic introduction of the Spotted Barb, Barbodes binotatus across the Wallace Line in western Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1713-1722. Barbodes binotatus (Valenciennes, 1842) is a native freshwater fish species in the western part of Indonesia, ranging from Sumatra, Borneo, Java, and Bali Islands to the east in the Wallacea region as far as Lombok and Sumbawa Islands. We reported the first record of its occurrence in other Wallacea regions, especially in the western part of Sulawesi Island. Thirty specimens were captured from the Salu Salibo and Lantora Rivers during the field survey. Morphological examinations and genetic confirmation by DNA barcoding approach provided accurate and reliable identification for B. binotatus. The DNA data suggested that the existence of B. binotatus in the western part of Sulawesi Island, across the Wallace Line, is due to human introduction. The human introduction of non-native species, such as B. binotatus, may cause a severe decline in native ichthyo-biodiversity in Sulawesi Island. We, therefore, suggest that further studies are important to mitigate the negative consequences of this supposedly introduced species on the island.
Analysis of heavy metals (Pb and Cd) in seagrasses Thalassia hemprichii and Enhalus acoroides from Pulau Sembilan, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia DWI ROSALINA; KATARINA HESTY ROMBE; KHAIRUL JAMIL; AGUS SURACHMAT
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230448

Abstract

Abstract. Rosalina D, Rombe KH, Jamil K, Surachmat A. 2022. Analysis of heavy metals (Pb and Cd) in seagrasses Thalassia hemprichii and Enhalus acoroides from Pulau Sembilan, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 2139-2145. Seagrasses are flowering plants (Angiospermae) with fruit, flowers, leaves, rhizomes and roots that grow in shallow marine waters. The seagrasses Thalassia hemprichii and Enhalus acoroides have been observed growing around Pulau Sembilan in Sinjai Regency, Indonesia, specifically Kambuno, Katindoang, and Liang-Liang Islands. Meanwhile, human activities such as seaweed cultivation, recreation, marine transportation, fishing boats and ports/piers, and human settlements produce heavy metals that affect these plants. Therefore, this research was conducted to measure the lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) content in T. hemprichii and E. acoroides (roots and leaves) as well as in the water column and sediment in Pulau Sembilan, Sinjai Regency, South Sulawesi Province. The research was conducted using a descriptive method and the sites were determined through purposive sampling. The Pb and Cd content were analyzed at the Laboratory of the Makassar Plantation Product Center using the AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry) method. The results showed that both seagrasses accumulated Pb and Cd in leaves and roots. Seagrass Pb content was higher than Cd content: in T. hemprichii, the Pb content in roots and leaves was 1.485 mg/kg and 2.861 mg/kg, respectively; in E. acoroides they were 1.512 mg/kg and 8.343 mg/kg, respectively. Pb content was also higher than Cd content in the water column (1.083 mg/L) and sediment (7.753 mg/kg). Concentrations of both heavy metals exceeded the Indonesian environmental quality standard in the seagrasses and in the ambient environment.
Short Communication: Assessing the relationship of Sumatran elephant’s movement (Elephas maximus sumatranus) with vegetation intensity in Kotaagung Utara, Lampung Province, Indonesia using NDVI method SAMSUL BAKRI; DELLA TIARA MONIK; AGUS SETIAWAN; GUNARDI DJOKO WINARNO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230426

Abstract

Abstract. Bakri S, Monik DT, Setiawan A, Winarno GD. 2022. Short Communication: Assessing the relationship of Sumatran elephant’s movement (Elephas maximus sumatranus) with vegetation intensity in Kotaagung Utara, Lampung Province, Indonesia using NDVI method. Biodiversitas 23: 1920-1928. The Indonesian Elephant Conservation Forum stated that the population of Sumatran elephants (Elephas maximus sumatranus) had decreased dramatically up to 70% in the last 20-30 years due to illegal hunting, land conversion, and encroachment, so the availability of elephant food in the wild is gradually inadequate. With the decline of the elephant population in Indonesia, several parties such as the government, NGO, and the public are beginning to monitor the Sumatran elephant. The monitoring is carried out by observing and studying the movements of elephants using a GPS Collar. The research aims to find out the consistency of elephant movement and its relationship to the availability of feed as indicated by the intensity of vegetation in KPH Kotaagung Utara, Lampung Province, Indonesia. This research used GIS technology (Correlation Citra Landsat 8 OLI and BIG Demnas Data), elephant movement data using GPS Collar in 2020, and land use data by BPKH Lampung. The results showed that the monthly movement pattern of elephants in 2020 was consistently monitored. From January-July, elephants are in the North area, while in August-December are in the South. The intensity of elephant movement in the Mixed Shrub Dryland Agriculture area is higher than in the other areas, at 107 points or about 90% of all the areas in KPH Kotaagung Utara. Meanwhile, in the Dryland and Shrub Agriculture areas, there are 6 points each, or about 5% of all the areas. The vegetation classification in KPH Kotaagung Utara is dense with an NDVI value range of 0.63-0.85. Furthermore, the regression results prove that NDVI and the monthly season affect the movement of elephants with a p-value of <0.001.
Short communication: ‘Crystal’ guava fruit quality in response to altitude variation of growing location RADEN AJENG DIANA WIDYASTUTI; RAHMAT BUDIARTO; HAYANE ADELINE WARGANEGARA; PAUL BENYAMIN TIMOTIWU; INDAH LISTIANA; HELVI YANFIKA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230344

Abstract

Abstract. Widyastuti RAD, Budiarto R, Warganegara HA, Timotiwu PB, Listiana I, Yanfika H. 2022. Short Communication: ‘Crystal’ guava fruit quality in response to altitude variation of growing location. Biodiversitas 23: 1546-1552. ‘Crystal’ guava is a popular fruit with high demand due to its delicious taste and super nutritious content. This study aimed to analyze the fruit production and quality of ‘Crystal’ guava in response to different altitudes of growing location, i.e., highland and lowland in the tropics. Ten individual guava trees were maintained in a nested design by small-scale farmers in both lowland (Brajaselebah orchard, 25 m asl) and highland (Gunung Batu orchard, 1000 m asl). The result showed that the altitude of the growing location affected the plant production and fruit quality of ‘Crystal’ guava. Although there was no significant difference in vegetative and generative shoot numbers among the two growing locations, there was a tendency for a dominant generative shoot in highland. Lowland orchards produced a significantly heavier fruit compared to highland orchards. ‘Crystal’ guava tree was able to produce 41 to 46 fruits per tree with a total fruit production of about 8.69 to 9.21 kg per tree. The significantly lower incidence of fruit smoothness in lowland compared to highland was affected by a significantly higher incidence of fruit scars in the lowland. Guava fruit from the lowland had a significantly higher TSS, while fruit from the highland contained a significantly higher vitamin C than lowland.
Amethyst leaf extract as pest control and fertilizer for soybean plants OPIR RUMAPE; AKRAM LA KILO; NETTY INO ISCHAK
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 7 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230706

Abstract

Abstract. Rumape O, Kilo A, Ischak NI. 2022. Amethyst leaf extract as pest control and fertilizer for soybean plants. Biodiversitas 23: 3355-3363. Amethyst (Datura metel L.) is a plant that grows and develops in the Gorontalo area, and people use it as traditional medicine. This plant has a natural insecticidal activity that is not yet known by the general public. So far, the results of research on natural insecticides from amethyst have only been tested on a small scale in the laboratory, not yet applied on a large scale in the garden. The purpose of this study was to extract amethyst leaves and apply it as an inhibitor of feeding activity and insect mortality in both the laboratory and soybean gardens. Amethyst leaves were extracted in the laboratory using methanol, n-hexane, and ethyl acetate. The extracts were tested phytochemically to determine the type of secondary metabolite, before applying it. Phytochemical test showed amethyst leaves contain alkaloid, flavonoid, terpenoid, and saponin. The application treatment for the bioactivity used variations in the concentration of amethyst leaf extract of the fractions (methanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane), namely 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10%; and 0% as control. In the laboratory, the treatment was applied by contact to 5 insects Spodoptera litura instar III for each concentration treatment with 3 replications. Observation parameters were the percentage decrease in feeding activity and mortality of Spodoptera litura larvae. In the garden, the extracts with varying concentrations of the same as in the laboratory, were applied to soybeans treated with the pest Spodoptera liturain a closed container, and the other was sprayed on plants that were left exposed. The results showed that the three extracts could kill pests, but n-hexane extract was the most effective compared to ethyl acetate and methanol extracts. Amazingly, soybean plants whose yellow leaves turn green after being given the extract. This indicates that the secondary metabolites of amethyst are not only used as insecticides to control pests, but also as plant fertilizers.
The potential for the cultivation of Styrax benzoin based on land suitability evaluation in Pakpak Bharat District, Indonesia RAHMAWATY RAHMAWATY; YUNI A GINTING; RIDWANTI BATUBARA; ABDUL RAUF
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250321

Abstract

Abstract. Rahmawaty, Ginting Y, Batubara R, Rauf A. 2024. The potential for the cultivation of Styrax benzoin based on land suitability evaluation in Pakpak Bharat District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 1071-1080. Styrax benzoin (kemenyan), a latex-producing plant native to North Sumatra Province, requires development and sustainable cultivation. Currently, it is increasingly common to cultivate S. benzoin in conjunction with other crops, including gambir (Uncaria gambir). This research focused on assessing the suitability of land in Pakpak Bharat Regency for cultivating S. benzoin on land previously used for U. gambir cultivation. In this research, a survey methodology was employed, involving purposive soil sample collection from areas previously used for U. gambir cultivation. These specific locations were Aornakan I Village in Pergetteng Getteng Sengkut Sub-district and Kuta Tinggi Village in Salak Sub-district, both within Pakpak Bharat Regency, North Sumatra Province. The suitability assessment of cultivating S. benzoin on land previously used for U. gambir cultivation employed the matching method. The results revealed that the actual land suitability for S. benzoin was classified as moderately suitable (S2). Land Unit 1 is constrained by factors such as water availability (wa), root media (rc), and erosion hazards (eh), while Land Units 2, 3, and 4 with limitations primarily related to water availability (wa) and root media (rc). The findings also suggest that the potential land suitability class for S. benzoin remains at S2 for growth in areas where U. gambir was cultivated, with notable restrictions related to water availability and root media across all land units.
Genetic diversity of Burmese grape (Baccaurea ramiflora Lour.) cultivars and Ha Chau cultivar identification based on DNA barcodes DODO TAN KHANG; TRAN GIA HUY; NGUYEN PHAM ANH THI; DOAN THI HONG QUYEN; NGUYEN THI BICH NHU; TRAN THANH MEN; TRAN NHAN DUNG
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 7 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230726

Abstract

Abstract. Khang DT, Huy TG, Thi NPA, Quyen DTH, Nhu NTB, Binh BN, Men TT, Dung TN. 2022. Genetic diversity of Burmese grape (Baccaurea ramifloraLour.) cultivars and Ha Chau cultivar identification based on DNA barcodes. Biodiversitas 23: 3513-3520. Burmese grape (Baccaurea ramiflora Lour.) is an underutilized fruit tree in the Mekong Delta and has the potential for food sources as well as landscape plants,especially Ha Chau cultivar. It has been considered an indigenous plant in Can Tho city, Vietnam with specific taste. However, their genetic diversity, utilization,and identification have not been dealt with in-depth. This study aimed to characterize genetic diversity among the five cultivars of Burmese grape in the Mekong Delta and to distinguish Ha Chau from other cultivars based on DNA barcodes, namely matK, rbcL, ycf1b, rpoC1, psbK-I, atpF-H,and ITS. DNA of twelve individuals belong to five Burmese grape cultivars was extracted prior to further amplification and sequencing. Sequences were analyzed to detect variable sites and the phylogenetic tree was constructed by the Maximum Likelihood method. Based on substitution sites and indel mutations, the plastid intergenic spacer atpF-H and ycf1b gene reflected the genetic diversity in five Burmese grape cultivars. Moreover, these sequences were valuable DNA barcodes for discrimination of Ha Chau cultivar. In combination of four markers (rbcL, rpoC1, ycf1b, and psbK-I) for phylogenetic construction, our finding revealed that Ha Chau cultivar is closely related to Red cultivar with highly supported bootstrap value of 89%. Such data could be applied for reliable identification of Ha Chau cultivar from other B. ramiflora cultivars in plant authentication.
Perceived biodiversity of fruit species for urban greenery in Indonesia: Case studies in Bogor, Jakarta, and Yogyakarta ISMI PUJI RUWAIDA; EDI SANTOSA; ANAS DINURROHMAN SUSILA; WINARSO DRAJAD WIDODO; ADE WACHJAR; NIZAR NASRULLAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 6 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230644

Abstract

Abstract. Ruwaida IP, Santosa E, Susila AD, Widodo WD, Wachjar A, Nasrullah N. 2022. Perceived biodiversity of fruit species for urban greenery in Indonesia: Case studies in Bogor, Jakarta, and Yogyakarta. Biodiversitas 23: 3166-3177. Urban greenery planning considering biodiversity scenarios is still rarely studied in Indonesia. This study aims to demonstrate edible fruit species (FS) as the scenario for urban greenery based on interviews with citizens in Indonesian cities. The study was carried out in the cities that have implemented smart city models i.e., Bogor, Jakarta, and Yogyakarta-Indonesia. Interviews were conducted in July-December 2019, involving 420 respondents. The results showed that 77.7% of all respondents agreed with the planting of FS as city greenery. In total for all cities, there were 79 species belonging to 32 families mentioned by the respondents consisting of 41 commercial and 38 underutilized FS. Each respondent was able to mention between 20.4 and 22.8 fruit species, irrespective of city. The ability to mention fruit species was affected by the respondent’s background, especially exposure during childhood to FS, frequency as a domestic tourist, mobility mode, and frequency of visiting city parks. The rationale for selecting FS was the benefit of fruit as a food source, followed by the benefit of ecology, economy, aesthetics, and health. Based on the significant cultural index, mango ranked first as the most preferred commercial fruit species, followed by rambutan, rose apple, orange, papaya, starfruit, guava, avocado, sapodilla, and longan; and for underutilized FS were shoe-button, pinang, nam nam, mulberry, cactus, canistel, cherry, and pear. Value of species richness, Shannon-Wienner, and Simpson diversity indices of FS within a city ranged 0.97 to 1.06, 3.62 to 3.83, and 0.97, respectively. Biodiversity scenarios could be useful information in the greenery planning of smart cities to coop with evolving broader environmental services.
Land cover change impact analysis: an integration of remote sensing, GIS and DPSIR framework to deal with degraded land in Lepan Watershed, North Sumatra, Indonesia RAHMAWATY RAHMAWATY; ABDUL RAUF; MOEHAR MARAGHIY HARAHAP; HARRY KURNIWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 6 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230627

Abstract

Abstract. Rahmawaty, Rauf, A, Harahap MM, Kurniwan H. 2022. Land cover change impact analysis: an integration of remote sensing, GIS and DPSIR framework to deal with degraded land in Lepan Watershed, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 3000-3011. The Lepan Watershed is located in North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. The types of land cover in the Lepan Watershed were examined to analyze the impact of changes in land cover over periods of five years and ten years (2009-2014-2019). This study used three analyses: analysis of land cover type, land cover change, causes and impacts of those changes, and government responses to those changes. Analysis of land cover types and changes was conducted using geographic information system (GIS). The land cover change impacts were analyzed using the driving forces, pressure, state, impact, and response (DPSIR) approach. Twelve land cover types were identified, i.e., water body, dryland forest, industry, mixed garden, open land, mangrove, rubber plantation, oil palm plantation, settlement, paddy field, shrub, and pond. For five years, changes in land cover occurred in the Lepan Watershed. During ten years (2009-2019), the mixed garden, oil palm plantation, and settlement increased, while dryland forest, mangrove, rubber plantation, paddy field, shrub, and pond decreased. The water body and industry land cover types did not undergo extensive changes over the past five and ten years. Changes in land cover resulted in the following impacts: decreasing biodiversity, increasing the risk of floods, increasing damage to mangroves, and decreasing rice production. The prevention of land-use change to maintain environmental sustainability is a shared responsibility of all stakeholders.

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