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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
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Impact of organic and microbiological pollution on the quality of water in Boussellam Valley and its environment, Setif City, Northeast Algeria ZOUHIR BOULGUERAGUER; HICHAM CHAFFAI; LAKHDAR GASMI; LARBI DJABRI; AZZEDINE HANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 5 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230545

Abstract

Abstract. Boulgueraguer Z, Chaffai H, Gasmi L, Djabri L, Hani A. 2022. Impact of organic and microbiological pollution on the quality of water in Boussellam Valley and its environment, Setif City, Northeast Algeria. Biodiversitas 23: 2621-2629. Water pollution is a major threat and a global challenge that endangers life on earth at risk because water plays a major role in daily life. Several sources of water pollutants, i.e., organic, industrial, domestic and microbial pollution, may trigger an outbreak of water-borne diseases. Boussellam Valley crosses the Quaternary formations, which dominate the extent of the plain surrounding the region of Sétif in the North-East of Algeria. It is one of the main water resources, mainly for drinking water supply and irrigation. The shallow water table composed of the geological formations containing this aquifer is very heterogeneous in texture and varies considerably from upstream to downstream of the sub-watershed. Thus, the North and East zones are marked by chloride-calcium facies, the central part by a Bicarbonate-calcium facies. At the same time, sulfate-magnesium facies characterize the West zone. This study aimed to evaluate the pollution by organic elements: nitrites, nitrates, and microbiological elements: total and fecal coliforms and streptococci and their impact on the water quality. Samples were collected during May and June 2021 from 5 stations along the valley, and 18 wells were spread out on the plain. The analysis of nitrites and nitrates was carried out by liquid chromatography. In addition, the colony counting of coliforms and streptococci was carried out according to the recommendations of the Algerian water company. The results show an increase in the concentration of nitrites, nitrates, total and fecal coliforms, and the streptococci, particularly in valley waters with very high levels that exceed the normal threshold of drinking water. This increase may be due to wastewater discharges and the intensive use of fertilizers, septic tanks, leaching of animal manure, runoff water, and rearing of domestic or wild animals. The increased levels of nitrites, nitrates, total and fecal coliforms, and the streptococci increase the risk of the vulnerability of the waters of the plain to pollution and degradation of surface waters and the environment in general.
Construction of CRISPR/Cas9_gRNA-OsCKX2 module cassette and its introduction into rice cv. Mentik Wangi mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens MARINA RUZYATI; ATMITRI SISHARMINI; ANIVERSARI APRIANA; TRI JOKO SANTOSO; EDI PURWANTO; SAMANHUDI SAMANHUDI; AHMAD YUNUS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 5 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230552

Abstract

Abstract. Ruzyati M, Sisharmini A, Apriana A, Santoso TJ, Purwanto E, Samanhudi, Yunus A. 2022. Construction of CRISPR/Cas9_gRNA-OsCKX2 module cassette and its introduction into rice cv. Mentik Wangi mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Biodiversitas 23: 2679-2689. Mentik Wangi is an aromatic superior rice variety from the tropical japonica group with high posture and low productivity. The tall plant posture causes Mentik Wangi rice to be prone to lodging, resulting in yield loss. Therefore, improvement of plant height and productivity of Mentik Wangi is still required. The sd-1 (OsGA20ox-2) and CKX2 genes are responsible for the semi-dwarf character and high productivity. The study aimed to construct a CRISPR/Cas9 cassette module carrying a gRNA of OsCKX2 gene and introduce this construct to Mentik Wangi rice mediated by an Agrobacterium tumefaciens vector strain LBA4404. The introduction of the CRISPR/Cas9_gRNA-GA20ox-2 cassette plasmid that was constructed in previous research into Mentik Wangi rice was also carried out. The results showed that the CRISPR/Cas9_gRNA-CKX2 cassette module had been successfully constructed using the Golden gate cloning method. The introduction of the CRISPR/Cas9_gRNA-CKX2 and CRISPR/Cas9_gRNA-GA20ox-2 cassette modules into Mentik Wangi rice resulted in 30 putative transformant lines that passed the hygromycin selection. PCR analysis showed that from the 30 transformant lines, 15 lines were positive for the hygromycin resistance gene. Further analysis is necessary to be conducted to identify the occurrence of mutagenesis in the OsCKX2 and GA20ox-2 target genes.
Comparative anatomical study of leaves for twelve Indonesian woody plant species JANIS DAMAIYANI; ABBAN PUTRI FIQA; RIDESTI RINDYASTUTI; DEWI AYU LESTARI; APRIYONO RAHADIANTORO; TITUT YULISTYARINI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 7 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230751

Abstract

Abstract. Damaiyani J, Fiqa AP, Rindyastuti R, Lestari DA, Rahadiantoro A, Yulistyarini T. 2022. Comparative anatomical study of leaves for twelve Indonesian woody plant species. Biodiversitas 23: 3744-3754. Foliar epidermal and stomatal features are widely used as plant microscopic traits either from taxonomic or ecological standpoints. The studies on woody plants in the Malesian region which serve as the essential component of tropical ecosystems are still limited. Here we conduct a comparative study on stomatal and epidermal features of twelve important woody plant species from Indonesia using a descriptive method based on the Light Microscope and Scanning Electron Microscope micrographs. The shape, size and stomatal type were revealed in all species studied. Moreover, quantitative features were measured including epidermal cell length and width, solidity (S), aspect ratio (AR), and stomatal index (SI). The study results showed a variation in foliar epidermal and stomatal traits across the species studied. Due to the presence of trichomes and waxes on the abaxial side, not all species can be measured for their stomatal index and epidermal cells. Syzygium polyanthum has the highest stomatal index and cells with complex interlocking shapes, which provide an effective strategy for reducing mechanical stress on epidermal cell walls, making this native species predicted to adapt well when it was planted in habitats with similar environmental conditions.
Genetic diversity of rosewood (Dalbergia latifolia) in Yogyakarta, Indonesia for plus trees selection INDIRA RIASTIWI; WITJAKSONO WITJAKSONO; DIAH RATNADEWI; ULFAH JUNIARTI SIREGAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 5 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230546

Abstract

Abstract. Riastiwi I, Witjaksono, Ratnadewi D, Siregar UJ. 2022. Genetic diversity of rosewood (Dalbergia latifolia) in Yogyakarta, Indonesia for plus trees selection. Biodiversitas 23: 2630-2639. Rosewood (Dalbergia latifolia Roxb.) or sonokeling is an important woody plant species with a high selling value. However, due to overexploitation, this species has been listed in Appendix II of CITES and its trade is strictly regulated. Therefore, the cultivation of this plant needs encouragement, and superior planting materials from selected plus trees are needed. This study aimed to examine the genetic diversity of the rosewood population and select plus trees in Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia. The plus tree selection was performed by comparing plus tree candidates with five other trees nearby in four districts, i.e. Bantul, Gunungkidul, Kulon Progo, and Sleman. As many as 61 plus tree candidates have been identified. Genetic diversity was assessed using 10 selected ISSR primers, resulting in 101 ISSR loci with average Polymorphic Loci values ??of 64.71% and Nei Heterozygosity of 0.23. The highest gene diversity (He=0.29) was found in the Kulon Progo population, and the lowest He=0.17 was in the Bantul population. The dendogram and PCA analysis put Gunungkidul and Bantul populations into one group, separated from the Sleman and Kulon Progo populations. Based on morphological and molecular analysis, six superior plus trees were obtained.
Vegetation diversity, structure and composition of three forest ecosystems in Angsana coastal area, South Kalimantan, Indonesia YUSANTO NUGROHO; SUYANTO SUYANTO; DINDIN MAKINUDIN; SILVYNA ADITIA; DINDA DEWI YULIMASITA; AHMAD YUSUF AFANDI; MOEHAR MARAGHIY HARAHAP; JERIELS MATATULA; PANDU YUDHA ADI PUTRA WIRABUANA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 5 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230547

Abstract

Abstract. Nugroho Y, Suyanto, Makinudin D, Aditia S, Yulimasita DD, Afandi AY, Harahap MM, Matatula J, Wirabuana PYAP. 2022. Vegetation diversity, structure and composition of three forest ecosystems in Angsana coastal area, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 2640-2647. Vegetation communities around coastal ecosystems play important roles in mitigating natural disaster and climate change. However, available information about vegetation communities in coastal areas is still limited despite being a requirement in developing strategies for environmental preservation. Angsana coastal area in South Kalimantan, Indonesia has unique characteristics in which it has three different forest ecosystems, namely heath forest (HF), beach forest (BF), and mangrove forest (MF). This study aimed to identify the vegetation diversity, structure and composition of the three forest ecosystems in Angsana coastal area. A field survey was conducted using transect line methods with a sampling plot size of 10 × 10 m and an interval of 20 m. Vegetation communities were assessed using species abundance, plant diversity, importance value index (IVI), and similarity level. Results showed that 37 species from 25 families were recorded at the study site. The highest species abundance was observed in HF (22 species), followed by BF (18 species) and MF (7 species). The same trend was found for vegetation diversity, in which HF had the highest richness (Dmg = 4.52), heterogeneity (H' = 2.86), and evenness (J' = 0.94). Hibiscus tiliaceus L. had the highest IVI in BF in all vegetation stages, and Rhizophora mucronata Lam. consistently had the greatest IVI in MF in all stages. Species thet exhibited the highest IVI in HF were Adina minutiflora Valeton (seedlings), Rhodedomia tomentosa and Premna serratifolia L. (saplings), Tristania maingayi Duthie (poles), and Vitex ovata Thunb. (trees). Our study also observed that species abundance in forest ecosystems gradually declined from seedlings to trees, except in MF. Among the three forest types, vegetation composition was highly similar between MF and BF, with a similarity level of 47.1%. Based on these results, this study concluded that the three forest ecosystems in Angsana coastal area exhibit a highly diverse vegetation structure, and each type of forest has specific characteristics as its entity.
Geomorphological classification of benthic structures of Kaledupa Atoll Wakatobi National Park, Indonesia Alim Setiawan; Vincentius P. Siregar; Setyo Budi Susilo; Ani Mardiastuti; Syamsul Bahri Agus
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 7 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230755

Abstract

Abstract. Setiawan A, Siregar VP, Susilo SB, Mardiastuti A, Agus SB. 2022. Geomorphological classification of benthic structures of Kaledupa Atoll Wakatobi National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 3784-3792. Geomorphological mapping is one solution to understanding the complexity of the seabed pattern. This research aims to map the benthic structure of Kaledupa Atoll using the Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System with the Benthic Terrain Modeler (BTM) extension. The data used is in situ bathymetry data using Mapsounder 585 and Sentinel 2A satellite image data downloaded for free. BTM is a technique for examining benthic habitat and shallow water geomorphology. BTM was used to analyze integrated depth data to determine the bathymetric position index (BPI), slope, and classification of reef geomorphological structures. Thirteen structural classes of habitat geomorphology resulting from this research are Flat plain with the largest area of ??17142.35 ha, and the class with the smallest area is Crevices class, with narrow gullies rock outcrops 1.64 ha. While the other classes in a row are Broad slope 9104.53 ha; Flat ridge tops, upper slopes 4262.67 ha; Current scoured depressions on a slope 3420.98 ha; Narrow depressions at the base of rock outcrops 2348.20 ha; Rock outcrop highs, narrow ridges 1792.45 ha; Local ridges, boulders, pinnacles on slopes 879.29 ha; Scarp, cliff or small local depressions on a slope 703.02 ha; Local ridges, boulders, pinnacles on broad flat 490.17 ha; Local depressions, current scoured on flat 416.39 ha; Local ridges, boulders, pinnacles on broad depressions 16.63 ha; and Steep slopes 2.88 ha.
The potential of young and old Euphorbia hirta leaves extract as antibacterial against Escherichia coli and antihelminthic against Ascaridia galli obtained in Sentul chickens MARYATI PUSPITASARI; ABUN ABUN; ANA ROCHANA; TUTI WIDJASTUTI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 6 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230652

Abstract

Abstract. Puspitasari M, Abun, Rochana A, Widjastuti T. 2022. The potential of young and old Euphorbia hirta leaves extract as antibacterial against Escherichia coli and antihelminthic against Ascaridia galli obtained in Sentul chickens. Biodiversitas 23: 3243-3250. The declining production of indigenous Sentul chickens is due to pathological microbes in the digestive tract. Euphorbia hirta or patikan kebo is a weed exhibiting active compounds that are expected to remove Escherichia coli and Ascaridia galli from the digestive tracts of chicken. This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial activity of E. coli and anthelmintic A. galli from the ethanol extract of E. hirta. The anthelmintic activity was analyzed in a completely randomized design with four doses (2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10 mg/mL) and five replicates. Mortality time series data were subjected to analysis of variance followed by the Duncan test. While a probit analysis determined the Lethal Concentration (LC50) and Lethal Time (LT50), experiments on antibacterial activity were performed by the microdilution method. The result showed a powerful anthelmintic activity in ethanol extracted from both young and old leaves. However, LC50 and LT50 were higher in young leaves than the old ones. While antibacterial activity against E. coli was apparent from ethanol extract in old and young leaves. Old leaves have a Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) of 3.125% lower than young leaves (12.5%).
Antibacterial and phytochemical constituent of Etlingera rubroloba A.D. Poulsen extract, an endemic ginger from Wallacea Region, Indonesia PUTRI SRI ANDILA; LAURENTIUS HARTANTO NUGROHO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 7 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230742

Abstract

Abstract. Andila PS, Nugroho LH. 2022. Antibacterial and phytochemical constituent of Etlingera rubroloba A.D. Poulsen extract, an endemic ginger from Wallacea Region, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 3646-3658. Etlingera rubroloba (Blume) AD Poulsen is one of the wild species of the Zingiberaceae which is a native and endemic species in the Wallacea region and has not been studied well for its biology and phytochemical potential. This study aimed to investigate the potential antibacterial activity of hexane extract from the leaves and rhizome of E. rubroloba and study their phytochemical content. The antibacterial activity test was carried out by the agar disc diffusion method against several human pathogenic bacteria and be measured for the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Zone of inhibition. The phytochemical profile was tested for total phenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and GC-MS analysis. The study results show that TPC of E. rubroloba extracts respectively 15.68±0.80 mg Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE)/g sample (leaves) and 11.89±0.76 mg GAE/g sample (rhizomes), while TFC value were 33.99±2.24 mg Quercetin Equivalent (QE)/g sample (leaves) and 32.46±0.67 mg QE/g sample (rhizomes). The antibacterial test revealed that E. rubroloba extracts were effective against Bacillus cereus ATCC11778 (with MIC value 0.5 mg/mL using leaves extract and 1 mg/mL in rhizomes), but it was not effective against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC12228. The hexane extracts of E. rubroloba contained a total of 28 and 58 compounds were identified in the leaf extract and rhizome, respectively. The dominant compounds in the leaf extract (Pentadecanoic acid, 14-methyl-, methyl ester; Methyl stearate) and in the rhizome extract (Hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester; Isopropyl myristate; 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, methyl ester; 9,12- Octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester, (E,E)-) is well known to have antibacterial activity. Based on the results of the antibacterial and phytochemical studies, it can be suggested that E. rubroloba has the potential as an antibacterial agent.
Exploration, screening and identification of indigenous yeast from some palm juices for bioethanol production TRIANIK WIDYANINGRUM; NOVI FEBRIANTI; INDRO PRASTOWO; MUCH FUAD SAIFUDDIN; ADI PERMADI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 8 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230816

Abstract

Abstract. Widyaningrum T, Febrianti N, Prastowo I, Saifuddin MF, Permadi A. 2022. Exploration, screening and identification of indigenous yeast from some palm juices for bioethanol production. Biodiversitas 23: 3984-3990. The major energy sources usually employed are originated mainly from fossil which can run out. Therefore, the creation of ecologically beneficial and long-lasting forms of alternative energy sources, such as bioethanol, is an absolutely necessary. This study aimed to explore, screen and to identify indigenous yeasts from some palm juices for bioethanol production. The isolates were screened in coconut water media for the degree of bioethanol production, the content of reducing sugar based on a DNS method, and the cell number based on optical density (600 nm). Furthermore, identification was performed using ITS and candidates of the highest bioethanol-producing ability including A3A, A11E from Arenga pinnata, K1C1, K1A, K2C from Cocos nucifera L., N3E, N3D, N1A from Nypa fruticans, S1A, and S2D from B. flabellifer L were obtained. The respective bioethanol contents were 13.4%, 12.8%, 13%, 16%, 14.2%, 13.2%, 12%, 12.6%, 14.4%, and 13.35%. The results showed that the isolates of A3A and N3E were similar to those of Pichia deserticola CBS 7119T. Meanwhile, the isolates of K1A and S1A were similar to that of Pichia manshurica CBS 240T and Candida tropicalis ZA 021T.
The family Plagiochilaceae (Marchantiophyta) in Batang Toru Forest, North Sumatra, Indonesia RISJUNARDI DAMANIK; NURSAHARA PASARIBU; ETTI SARTINA SIREGAR; SYAMSUARDI SYAMSUARDI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 6 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230640

Abstract

Abstract. Damanik R, Pasaribu N, Siregar ES, Syamsuardi. 2022. The family Plagiochilaceae (Marchantiophyta) in Batang Toru Forest, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 3127-3134. Investigation on the liverwort family Plagiochilaceae in Batang Toru Forest, North Sumatra, Indonesia resulted in ten taxon of Plagiochilaceae namely Plagiochilion oppositum, Plagiochila bantamensis, Plagiochila dendroides, Plagiochila denticulate, Plagiochila frondescens, Plagiochila junghuhniana, Plagiochila propinqua, Plagiochila sciophila, Dinckleria singularis, Plagiochila sumatrana, distributed under three genera Dinckleria (1 species), Plagiochila (8 species) and Plagiochilion (1 species). Plagiochila junghuhniana was the most observed species, while Plagiochila sciophilia was the least frequently encountered species in the forest.

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