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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
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Diversity and distribution of liverworts in Mount Sibuatan, North Sumatra, Indonesia FERDINAND SUSILO; NURSAHARA PASARIBU; SYAMSUARDI SYAMSUARDI; ETTI SARTINA SIREGAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230921

Abstract

Abstract. Susilo F, Pasaribu N, Syamsuardi, Siregar ES. 2022. Diversity and distribution of liverworts in Mount Sibuatan, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4539-4548. Due to a lack of research and publication, information about the presence of liverworts in North Sumatra and the island of Sumatra is still lacking. Therefore, Sumatran liverworts, especially in North Sumatra, are less well known than those in Java and other areas of Malesia. This research was conducted at Mount Sibuatan, North Sumatra, to analyze the diversity and distribution of liverwort species in this area. A survey along the hiking trail from an altitude of 1500 m to 2500 m was used as the collection method. Sampling was conducted at 60 points on the hiking trail, 100 meters from each end. Eighty-three species of liverworts were recorded from Mount Sibuatan, belonging to 23 genera and eight families. Two species were new records for Sumatra, namely Drepanolejeunea pentadactyla and Radula verrucosa. The largest family was Lejeuneaceae (12 genera and 26 species), contributing to 31% of the total species. Another dominant species from the collection was Bazzania tridens, with 121 individuals. Mount Sibuatan Liverworts were found on various substrates, and most of them grew on trunks or branches of trees, the ground, rotting logs, and living leaves. The liverworts were distributed from altitudes of 1531 to 2454 m. Twenty-eight species were identified in various elevations, from lower to upper montane forests. Furthermore, fifty-four species were confined to the lower montane forest (1200-2100 m), and one was restricted to the upper montane forest (2100-3000 m). The findings revealed that the montane forest of Mount Sibuatan is teeming with hitherto unknown liverworts.
Diversity and richness of day Butterflies species (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) in the Chettaba Forest, Constantine, Northeastern Algeria Khalida Frahtia; Mohamed Ramzy Attar; Chakib Diabi
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 7 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230715

Abstract

Abstract. Frahtia K, Attar MR, Diabi C. 2022. Diversity and richness of day butterflies species (Lepidoptera Rhopalocera) in the Chettaba Forest, Constantine, Northeastern Algeria. Biodiversitas 23: 3429-3436. In order to balance the lack of data concerning lepidopteran fauna in the region of Constantine (northeastern Algeria), a preliminary inventory has been drawn up in that region. This work was led during the 2021 spring season at the Chettaba Forest, where three stations were chosen: The 'Aleppo pine forest', the low matorral and the high matorral. Data collection required one outing per week for each site, during which specimens were collected and/or enumerated. A total of 815 specimens from 15 species belonging to 3 families were recorded: Pieridae (6 species), Lycaenidae (5 species), and Nymphalidae (4 species). The low and the high matorrals were the richest stations, with 15 species for the former and 11 species for the latter, but only 10 species were observed in the 'Aleppo pine forest'. The highest centesimal and occurrence frequencies were recorded for Pieris rapae in all three stations. The low matorral proved to be the most diversified station (H´: 3.00 bits) because of an important heterogeneity and quality of the habitat due to the biological post-fire rise that makes it richer in nectar-bearing plants, which is important for butterfly concentration.
Long-term changes in floristic diversity, composition and stand structure in Acacia auriculiformis plantation in Mount Makiling Forest Reserve, Philippines JONATHAN O. HERNANDEZ; JESSA P. ATA; MARILYN S. COMBALICER
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 7 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230740

Abstract

Abstract. Hernandez JO, Ata JP, Combalicer MS. 2022. Long-term changes in floristic diversity, composition and stand structure in Acacia auriculiformis plantation in Mount Makiling Forest Reserve, Philippines. Biodiversitas 23: 3631-3638. There have been continuous debates about whether exotic tree plantation facilitates vegetation succession. In the Philippines, the potential for the re-establishment of native plant communities and improvement of the plant community structure under exotic tree plantations has not yet been evaluated adequately. Thus, the study investigated the dynamics in floristic diversity, composition and stand structure of a reforested area using Acacia auriculiformis Benth. in Sitio Kay Inglesia, Mount Makiling Forest Reserve (MMFR), Philippines. The changes in basal area, stem density, biomass growth, species diversity, species evenness and richness, and canopy closure were determined between two study periods, i.e., 1993-2008 and 2009-2019. Results revealed significant changes in stem density (i.e., 1324 to 2135 trees ha-1) and canopy closure (i.e., 18% to 10%) for mature trees and seedlings/saplings in 2009-2019. The changes in basal area and aboveground biomass were not significant between the two study periods. The species richness was significantly higher in 2009-2019 (i.e., 55 species) than in 1993-2008 (i.e., 22 species). The species diversity also significantly increased from low (i.e., H' = 1.99, S = 23) to moderate (i.e., H' = 2.88, S = 55). Moreover, the number of exotics decreased (i.e., 60 to 40% or 15 to 9 species) as the number of native ones increased (i.e., 27 to 72% or 15 to 40 species). Therefore, the findings of the present study show that re-establishment of native species is possible when restoring degraded land with A. auriculiformis plantation. However, monitoring studies on other key ecosystem attributes (e.g., ecosystem functionality, external exchanges, structural diversity) of the plantation are recommended to enhance our understanding of the species' potential for restoration.
Floristic diversity, structure, and carbon stock of mangroves in a tropical lagoon ecosystem at Setiu, Malaysia MOHAMMAD AHSANUL ISLAM; MOHD HANAFI IDRIS; MD KHURSHID ALAM BHUIYAN; MOHD SHAROL ALI; MOHAMAD TARMIZI ABDULLAH; ABU HENA MUSTAFA KAMAL
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 7 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230746

Abstract

Abstract. Islam MA, Idris MH, Bhuiyan MKA, Ali MS, Abdullah MT, Kamal AHM. 2022. Floristic diversity, structure, and carbon stock of mangroves in a tropical lagoon ecosystem at Setiu, Malaysia. Biodiversitas 23: 3685-3697. Mangroves in lagoon habitats play an important role in ecosystem functions. Many studies on mangrove habitats are available in coastal habitats, however, the information on the lagoon ecosystems in tropical climates is scanty, especially regarding its vegetation and carbon storage. This study was carried out to assess the status of species diversity, composition, zonal structure and carbon storage of mangrove vegetation in Setiu lagoon, Malaysia. We used the transect line plots method in representative landward and small fringe island areas. The results showed that the floristic diversity of mangroves comprised 18 true mangroves and 11 associates, of which Avicennia rumphiana and Ceriops decandra were listed as threatened by IUCN. The stem density and basal area ranged from 1533 to 3800 individuals. ha-1 and 18.98-37.97 m2 ha-1, respectively. The mean tree diameter was 9.80 ± 2.85 cm, with a tree height of 10.35 ± 2.14 m. The mangrove species with the highest importance value index (IVI) was Rhizophora mucronata with 134.86, while the lowest was Acanthus ebracteatus with 13.23. The study revealed that small fringe islands in the lagoon were more diverse with biodiversity index values always higher than the landward zone. Total biomass from the dominant mangrove species was estimated at 522.9 t ha-1 with estimated carbon storage of 261.45 t ha-1 and sequestration potential of 959.54 t CO2 ha-1. Compared to the other mangrove ecosystems elsewhere, this study recommends that the Setiu lagoon is considered to be a healthy and newly generated mangrove forest. Therefore, proper monitoring is needed to ensure mangrove ecosystem health and functions.
Assessment of land use and land cover change on Gum Talha (Acacia seyal var. seyal) forest in Bahar Alarab, Sudan AHMED YOUNIS IBRAHIM YOUNIS; BELLO NIYI JONATHAN; ADENIYI OLUMUYIWA TOGUN; EMAD HASSAN ELAWAD YASIN; SIRAJ OSMAN OMER; GAMMER-ELDIEN ABDELRHMAN IBRAHIM HAMAD; SAMOURA DEMBA AÏSSATA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230922

Abstract

Abstract. Younis AYI, Jonathan BN, Togun AO, Yasin EHE, Omer SO, Hamad GAI, Aissata SD. 2022. Assessment of land use and land cover change on Gum Talha (Acacia seyal var. seyal) forest in Bahar Alarab, Sudan. Biodiversitas 23: 4549-4560. Evaluating land use and land cover change (LULC) is essential for the sustainable management of natural resources, biodiversity conservation, monitoring of food security, and research related to climate change and ecology. A better assessment of land-use changes is highly needed for further investigation due to increasingly rapid changes in LULC in response to human population growth. The emerging climatic change also has a significant effect on LULC. The objective of this study is to assess land use and land cover in Bahar Alarab, East Darfur State, Sudan, using remote sensing data obtained from satellite images. For assessing the LULC changes, Landsat images of the years 1988, 2002, and 2020 were downloaded and analyzed using QGIS 3.22.1 and ERDAS 2014 software, where supervised classification was applied with GPS point verification, change detection, matrix, and accuracy assessment. The analysis on LULC showed considerable changes during the two study periods, where 2020 had a considerable increase in forest cover in which on that year it occupied 26.44% of the area compared to 2002 and 1988 with 21.27% and 21.45%, respectively. Whereas 2002 the area was covered by a vast herbaceous vegetation (33.41%) compared to 1988 and 2002. Moreover, in 1988, shrubland decreased from 31.95% to 29.06% and 23.67% in 2020 and 2002, respectively. Sparse vegetation covered a considerable area in 2020 (23.61%) compared to 2002 and 1988 (21.65% and 17.71%, respectively). The results highlighted that there was statistically significant correlation between climate factors and LULC. Average temperature was highly positively correlated with sparse vegetation at 98.2%, while rainfall was highly negatively correlated with forest (-96.9%) and sparse vegetation (-88%), and highly positively correlated with herbaceous vegetation (83.5%). This study provides a unique understanding of LULC changes and their implications in management and conservation efforts, as well as a road map for decision makers for sustainable development of LULC in the Bahar Alarab.
Short Communication: A new species of tarantula of the genus Orphnaecus Simon, 1892 (Araneae: Theraphosidae) from the Province of Dinagat Islands, Philippines JULIUS JOHN DP. SALAMANES; JHAYSON MARK J. SANTOS; ELEANOR S. AUSTRIA; GIL GABRIEL S. VILLANCIO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 8 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230852

Abstract

Abstract. Salamanes JJDP, Santos JMJ, Austria ES, Villancio GGS. 2022. Short Communication: A new species of tarantula of the genus Orphnaecus Simon, 1892 (Araneae: Theraphosidae) from the Province of Dinagat Islands, Philippines. Biodiversitas 23: 4283-4288. Orphnaecus adamsoni sp. nov., a new species of tarantula of the genus Orphnaecus Simon, 1892 is described and illustrated based on the specimens collected from the Province of Dinagat Islands, Philippines. It closely resembles O. kwebaburdeos (Barrion-Dupo, Barrion & Rasalan, 2015). However, it can be easily distinguished by having a rounded carapace, shorter leg segments, more clavate-paddle shaped maxillary lyra, and a different habitat. This mygalomorph spider discovery constitutes the fifth species described for Orphnaecus and the fourth record in the Philippines.
Detection of virulence factor encoding genes on Escherichia coli isolated from broiler chicken in Blitar District, Indonesia MUSTOFA HELMI EFFENDI; HAYYUN DURROTUL FARIDAH; FRESHINDY MARISSA WIBISONO; FRESHINTA JELLIA WIBISONO; NABILATUN NISA; FATIMAH FATIMAH; EMMANUEL NNABUIKE UGBO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 7 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230716

Abstract

Abstract. Efendi MH, Faridah HD, Wibisono FM, Wibisono FJ, Nisa N, Fatimah F, Ugbo EN. 2022. Detection of virulence factor encoding genes on Escherichia coli isolated from broiler chicken in Blitar District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 3437-3442. Broiler chicken is a source of protein that is widely consumed by the public. However, broiler chicken production sometimes decreases due to infectious diseases such as colibacillosis caused by pathogenic Escherichia coli possessing virulence genes. Virulence factors function to facilitate colonization and invasion of host cells to cause disease. The presence of these virulence factors is encoded by various genes such asthe increased serum survival gene and P fimbriae gene which plays a role in surface adhesion. The present study aims to detect the presence of virulence genes from extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing E.coli isolated from broiler chickens in the Blitar District. A total of 110 cloacal swabs collected by systematic random sampling from broiler poultry farms in four different sub-districts were screened for ESBL-producing E. coli and virulence genes by phenotypic and molecular methods, respectively. Out of 110 E.coli recovered, 95 (86.4%) were observed to show a high level of resistance to the tested antibiotics, and 34 (35.7%) were ESBL-producers. Among ESBL producing E. coli isolates, 22 (73.5%) and 1 (2.9%) were found to have the iss and papC gene virulence factors, respectively using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The results of this study indicate that virulence genes can be found in E. coli from poultry farms. The iss gene is the most predominant virulence gene. The reportof these virulence factors in E. coli isolated from broiler could impose a serious potential public health problem.
Community distribution and utilization of gastropods in the Coastal Area of Liki Island, Sarmi District, Papua, Indonesia PUGUH SUJARTA; MARZELINE GESTY MAILISSA; HENDERINA JOSEFINA KEILUHU; SUWARNO HADISUSANTO; SARAH YULIANA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 10 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231006

Abstract

Abstract. Sujarta P, Mailissa MG, Keiluhu HJ, Hadisusanto S, Yuliana S. 2022. Community distribution and utilization of gastropods in the Coastal Area of Liki Island, Sarmi District, Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5001-5011. Gastropods and snails are mollusk phylum animals with diverse species that inhabit and spread in various marine ecosystems. The main objective of this study was to determine the structure of gastropod communities and their utilization in the coastal area of Liki Island, Sarmi District, Papua, Indonesia. Samples of gastropods were collected through descriptive-quantitative surveys using the line-transects technique. In addition, information on the utilization of gastropods was collected from surveys with semi-structural interviews with selected respondents from Liki Island, the outermost island in East Indonesia, with a total area of 1318.54 ha. The result showed a total of 1812 living specimens from 63 species of gastropods from 23 families, collected from six sampling stations, with 182-603 specimens on average. There were five species of gastropods encountered in all sampling stations, namely Conus litteratus (family of Conidae), Monetaria moneta, Monetaria annulus (Cypraeidae), Oxymeris crenulata (Terebridae), and Polinices flemingianus (Naticidae). The highest Importance Value Index (IVI) belonged to Nerita albicilla (Neritidae) from Station 1 (IVI 58.45). In contrast, the lowest belonged to the species of Nassarius limnaeiformis (Nassariidae), Oliva caerulea, and Oliva oliva (Olividae) from Station 4 (each IVI 2.56), with the moderate value of Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index and low value of Dominance Index. People in the coastal area of Liki Island use 12 species of gastropod as wall ornaments and consume 12 species of gastropod, as well. In general, the people of Liki Island use gastropods wisely based on the socio-cultural characteristics of the local community.
Screening for extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles by bacteria isolated from Al-Halfaya oil field reservoirs in Missan province, Iraq HASAN GHALI ABDULHASAN ALSHAMI; WIJDAN H. AL-TAMIMI; RASHID RAHIM HATEET
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 7 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230720

Abstract

Abstract. Alshami HGA, Al-Tamimi WH, Hateet RR. 2022. Screening for extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles by bacteria isolated from Al-Halfaya oil field reservoirs in Missan province, Iraq. Biodiversitas 23: 3462-3470. Microorganisms that live in deep environments are thought to be adapted to the conditions of these environments and possess enzymatic systems that can be useful in scientific and commercial applications. The study aimed to isolate, identify, and screening of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)-producing bacteria from five samples of produced water of the Al-Halfaya oil field reservoirs in Missan governorate, Iraq. The results revealed a total of 22 bacterial isolates were isolated and identified by morphological features and amplification of the 16S rDNA gene. The isolates are belonging to nine species, including Bacillus cereus strain DBA1.1, Bacillus thuringiensis strain MSP51, Neobacillus drentensis strain ROA042, Enterococcus faecalis strain 2674, Exiguobacterium mexicanum strain AB201, Klebsiella quasipneumoniae strain KP18-31, Klebsiella quasipneumoniae subsp. similipneumoniae strain 2437, Klebsiella pneumoniae strain IOB-L, and Acinetobacter lwoffii strain K34. The Gram-positive bacteria were the most dominant (55.56%), and the most frequent isolate was Klebsiella quasipneumoniae strain KP18-31 (63.64%). Six species out of nine species were recognized as AgNPs producing bacteria and B. cereus strain DBA1 was the best and most potent isolate in the synthesis of AgNPs. The phylogenetic tree was constructed depending on 16S rDNA gene sequences to determine the evolutionary relationship among the isolated bacteria.
Identification and characterization of calcite producing bacteria isolated from soils in West Java, Indonesia MARCELIA SUGATA; NERISSA ARVIANA; LASTRI TAMPUBOLON; JACK WIDJAJAKUSUMA; HANS VICTOR; TAN TJIE JAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 8 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230808

Abstract

Abstract. Sugata M, Arviana N, Tampubolon L, Widjajakusuma J, Victor H, Jan TT. 2022. Identification and characterization of calcite producing bacteria isolated from soils in West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 3921-3927. Bio-mediated soil improvement as an interdisciplinary application of geotechnical engineering and microbiology has gained attention due to its environmentally friendly and sustainable properties. This study aimed to isolate indigenous bacteria from soils in Indonesia and evaluate their ability to precipitate calcium carbonate. Fifty-seven colonies were isolated from three soil samples of different locations in Indonesia (Cikarang, Medang, and Karawang). Screening of calcite-producing bacteria was carried out using B4 agar medium incubated for 7-14 days. Only twenty isolates showed the potential ability to form precipitate on B4 agar medium. All the twenty isolates were characterized morphologically and biochemically. For molecular analysis, two isolates, LK3 and NC7, were chosen based on the morphological similarities with Bacillus: Gram-positive, spore-forming rod bacteria. According to 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST), LK3 was identified as Bacillus subtilis LK3 and NC7 was identified as Bacillus cereus NC7. At a temperature of 30 °C, B. cereus NC7 showed the highest growth and produced the most calcite precipitates. In addition, pH 9 was the optimum condition for crystal formation by these bacteria. In conclusion, B. cereus NC7 as indigenous bacteria might be feasible to be used for local soil improvement.

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