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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
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Density, morphometric characteristics and distribution pattern of Asiatic hard clam (Meretrix meretrix) in Karang Gading estuary, Deli Serdang District, Indonesia Wan Luzni Rimelahas; Miswar Budi Mulya; Ternala Alexander Barus
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 10 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231029

Abstract

Abstract. Rimelahas WL, Mulya MB, Barus TA. 2022. Density, morphometric characteristics and distribution pattern of Asiatic hard clam (Meretrix meretrix) in Karang Gading estuary, Deli Serdang District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5210-5216. Asiatic hard clam (Meretrix meretrix) has a wide distribution, ranging from mangrove forest areas in the Indo-Pacific to mangrove swamp areas in South America. In Indonesia, clam is found on the island of Sumatra, one of which is in the estuary waters of the Karang Gading Wildlife Sanctuary, Deli Serdang District, North Sumatra, Indonesia. In this area, fishermen are often found catching clams. The catch of clams in addition to its own consumption is also widely sold in traditional markets. The existence of clam capture activities carried out continuously can threaten the sustainability of this commodity in nature. This study aims to find out the density, morphometric characteristics, distribution patterns and the relationship of clam density with aquatic physicochemical. Sampling was carried out in July-August 2021 in the estuary waters of Karang Gading Wildlife Sanctuary Deli Serdang District using a purposive sampling method. Sampling was done by using a clam rake with a radius length of 35 cm. At each station, 5 sampling points were determined and 3 dredgings were carried out at each point which is done 2 times with 30-day intervals at 07.00-11.00 WIB. The results concluded that the highest density of clam is found in station I with a value of 3896 ind/m2, the pattern of growth of the clam at each station is negative allometric, the pattern of the group and uniform clam distribution, and the correlation of physical and chemical factors of the waters with the density of the clam shows that phosphate has a very strong correlation to the density of the clam, while the temperature correlates moderately with the density of the clam.
Moss from Sumbawa District, Indonesia FLORENTINA INDAH WINDADRI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240202

Abstract

Abstract. Windadri FI. 2023. Moss from Sumbawa District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 661-669. Plant diversity in the Lesser Sunda Islands has been widely studied, but it still needs to be carried out on Sumbawa Island. The study aimed to determine the diversity of moss species from the island, especially in the Sumbawa District. The exploration method was used in this research activity, that is conducting exploration, taking research samples and observing habitats at the research site. The distribution tracking was conducted to determine the status of each moss species from the research site. The results recorded 41 species of mosses from the research site in 24 genera and 14 families. Fissidentaceae is one of the moss families, had the highest species diversity in the study site, and was previously never reported from Sumbawa Island. In contrast, the common species was Tortula muralis. The study of moss species from the study site revealed that four species had been found in previous moss collections, namely Anoectangium aestivum, Neckeropsis lepineana, Pinnatella alopecuroides, and Octoblepharum albidum. Several mosses from the study site contributed to the moss diversity of Sumbawa Island as new records. The number of moss from the study site and as new records status is 37 species for Sumbawa Island, 18 species for Lesser Sunda Islands, and six species for Indonesia, respectively.
Isolation of actinomycetes from peatland to suppress the growth of Ganoderma boninense the causal agent of basal stem rot disease in oil palm MUCHAMAD BAYU SETIYO BUDI; GIYANTO GIYANTO; EFI TODING TONDOK
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 11 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231145

Abstract

Abstract. Budi MBS, Giyanto, Tondok ET. 2022. Isolation of actinomycetes from peatland to suppress the growth of Ganoderma boninense the causal agent of basal stem rot disease in oil palm. Biodiversitas 23: 5914-5922. Basal stem rot is a major constrain in oil palm cultivation. The aim of this study was to obtain actinomycetes isolates that can suppress the growth of Ganoderma boninense. The research stages included rejuvenation of actinomycetes isolate stock cultures, observation of morphological characters, analysis of the potency of actinomycetes as biological control agents against G. boninense (antibiosis, volatile organic compound, effect of bioactive compounds in actinomycete culture supernatants and their concentration levels in suppressing G. boninense), physiological characterization and molecular identification was also done of selected actinomycetes. All actinomycetes colonies were grey and brown in color with rectiflexible and vertilicillate spore chain types. Three of the seven isolates tested, namely AKT19, AKT28, and AKT52, were able to suppress the growth of G. boninense up to 100% based on the dual culture test and the percent inhibition of G. boninense growth was 12.27; 17.50; and 23.23% by volatile organic compounds. At 10% concentration, the bioactive compounds of three actinomycetes isolates inhibited the growth of G. boninense, i.e., 89.17, 88.30 and 86.50%, respectively. Further results revealed that isolate AKT19 was the strongest suppressor (70.93) of G. boninense at a concentration of 0.5%, while isolates AKT 28 and 52 inhibited only 15.30 and 4.80%, respectively. All potential actinomycetes isolates produce chitinase, glucanase, cellulase, phosphatase enzymes, fixes nitrogen and secreted indole acetic acid growth hormone. Based on the analysis of 16S rRNA gene, it was noted that all potential isolates were identified as Streptomyces gelaticus.
The impact of ENSO-IOD on Decapterus spp. in Pangkajene Kepulauan and Barru Waters, Makassar Strait, Indonesia NUR ABRIANTI ISLAMIAH BAHARUDDIN; MUKTI ZAINUDDIN; NAJAMUDDIN NAJAMUDDIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 11 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231110

Abstract

Abstract. Baharuddin NAI, Zainuddin M, Najamuddin. 2022. The impact of ENSO-IOD on Decapterus spp. in Pangkajene Kepulauan and Barru Waters, Makassar Strait, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5613-5622. ENSO and IOD are climate variability that affects water conditions seasonally and inter-annually, including Makassar Strait, Indonesia. Research on the effect of ENSO and IOD variations on water fertility in Makassar Strait requires updating every year. This study aimed to analyze the impact of ENSO and IOD on the variability of oceanography (SST and SSC) and dynamics of the Scad (Decapterus spp.) production in Makassar Strait. This study used Niño3.4 Index and Dipole Mode Index data from NOAA, while SST and SSC data were obtained from the Aqua-MODIS satellite imagery from January 2015 to December 2019. For the study, data were processed using SeaDAS, ArcGIS, and RStudio software. The results indicated that the Niño3.4 Index for SST and SSC was strong, and the Dipole Mode Index for SST and SSC was low. The time-series graph showed that the El Niño event was strong, and the IOD+ was quite strong in 2015-2016, affecting the negative SST anomaly and the positive SSC anomaly. Cross-correlation analysis of the effect of the Niño3.4 Index with the SST anomaly of -0.62 and the low SSC anomaly of 0.18. The result of IOD on the SST anomaly was quite strong at -0.51, and the SSC anomaly was low at 0.07. Strong El Niño and IOD+ events were found to highly affect SST and SSC as well as influence the variation or fluctuation of Scad catch production, especially from 2015 to 2016 in the study area of Makassar Strait, Indonesia.
Molecular detection of extended spectrum ?-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae from wild deer KATTY HENDRIANA PRISCILIA RIWU; FEDIK ABDUL RANTAM; MUSTOFA HELMI EFFENDI; ASWIN RAFIF KHAIRULLAH; AGUS WIDODO; SHENDY CANADYA KJURNIAWAN; EMMANUEL NNABUIKE UGBO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 8 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230849

Abstract

Abstract. Riwu KHP, Rantam FA, Effendi MH, Khairullah AR, Widodo A, Kurniawan SC, Ugbo EN. 2022. Molecular detection of extended spectrum ?-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae from wild deer. Biodiversitas 23: 4256-4262. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a severe threat worldwide and its remote cause remains unclear in most parts due to the global emergence of new resistance mechanisms by microorganisms. This research aimed to identify the presence of extended-spectrum ?-lactamase (ESBL) Klebsiella pneumoniae from wild deer feces in several places in East Java and East Nusa Tenggara. This study used 129 fresh feces samples collected from wild deer and analyzed for the presence of K. pneumoniae using standard microbiological techniques. An antibiotic sensitivity test was performed using Kirby-Bauer Disc Diffusion Method. The isolates were confirmed to the ESBL producer by double disk test and ESBL genes were identified by PCR. Nine samples (6.98%) were K. pneumoniae positive out of the 129 wild deer fresh feces. Among the nine K. pneumoniae isolates studied 3 (33.33%) were multidrug resistant, East Java (1 isolate) and East Nusa Tenggara (2 isolates). All the multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates were ESBL positive and also harbored blaTEM gene. The presence of MDR, and ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates was confirmed in wild deer and this explained that wild deer should be considered a source of transmission of MDR and ESBL to public health.
Biological activity of some phenolic compounds extracted from Agrimonia eupatoria against several pathogenic bacteria species MOHAMMED ARAFAT MOHAMMED; JASSIM FATEHI ALI; YOUNIS SAADI SAEED; IBRAHIM HASSAN YASEEN; BUSHRA HABEEB AHMAD
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230961

Abstract

Abstract. Mohammed MA, Ali JF, Saeed YS, Yaseen IH, Ahmad BH. 2022. Biological activity of some phenolic compounds extracted from Agrimonia eupatoria against several pathogenic bacteria species. Biodiversitas 23: 4912-4917. Agrimonia eupatoria L. (Rosaceae) has been used for centuries in traditional medicine to overcome infectious diseases. This study was carried out to isolate, characterize, and determine the antibacterial activity of natural compounds obtained from A. eupatoria aerial parts. Three solvents were used in the extraction process. First, hexane was used for defatting plant samples. Then ethyl acetate and ethanol were used to obtain the fraction containing phenolic compounds and their antibacterial activity against several bacteria. The current study identifies several phenolic compounds isolated from A. eupatoria, including gallic acid, salicylic acid, cinnamic acids, and resorcinol, using thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In addition, the disc diffusion method was used to determine the antimicrobial activity of several phenolic compounds against four bacterial isolates, i.e., Corynebacterium diphtheria, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhymurium, and Enterococcus faecalis. The results indicated that the plant compounds had an antibacterial activity proportional to the concentration. The B. cereus was the most sensitive to the compound isolated from A. eupatoria, followed by C. diphtheria, whereas S. typhimurium exhibited the most insensitive.
Estimation of carbon pool at mangrove forest of Kudat, Sabah, Malaysia SYAHRIR MHD HATTA; EJRIA SALLEH; NURUL SYAKILAH SUHAILI; NORMAH AWANG BESAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230927

Abstract

Abstract. Hatta SM, Salleh E, Suhaili NS, Besar NA. 2022. Estimation of carbon pool at mangrove forest of Kudat, Sabah, Malaysia. Biodiversitas 23: 4601-4608. Mangroves play a significant role in reducing tropical carbon emissions and preventing climate change. This study was carried out in Kudat's Tun Mustapha Park mangrove forest. This research aims to quantify the aboveground, belowground, and soil carbon pools. Nine 125-meter-long transect lines were set up, and every 25 meters, a 7-meter-diameter circle was placed. A forest inventory was conducted to determine the diameter at the breast height of standing trees. For soil analysis and bulk density, soil samples were collected at four different depths (0-15 cm, 15-30 cm, 30-50 cm, and 50-100 cm). An ICP-OES analyzer was used to determine the value of soil nutrients, and a CHNS analyzer was used to determine the soil carbon concentration. The aboveground and belowground biomass was calculated using the allometric equation, and the carbon stock was estimated at 50% of the total biomass. The outcome showed a 455.87 MgCha-1 total carbon pool. The soil carbon has the highest value with 273.76 MgCha-1, followed by aboveground carbon (living trees) with 136.58 MgCha-1 and belowground carbon (roots) with 45.53 MgCha-1. This study found that soil carbon stock made up almost 60% of the total carbon stock in the mangrove forest.
Anurans of select green spaces of Davao City, Mindanao Island, Philippines ‪Elsa May Delima-Baron; Cyrell Ann S. Ruales; Christian Tripole; Marian Dara T. Tagoon; Treaseur B. Susulan
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230949

Abstract

Abstract. Delima-Baron EM, Ruales CAS, Tripole C. Tagoon MDT, Susulan TB. 2022. Anurans of select green spaces of Davao City, Mindanao Island, Philippines. Biodiversitas 23: 4810-4815. Data on anurans in green spaces, especially in highly urbanized cities, including Davao, is still very limited. We present for the first time a checklist of anuran species from six green spaces of Davao City previously not surveyed for anuran data. Anurans were documented from January to April 2019 using visual encounter techniques coupled with microhabitat searches on several nocturnal surveys. Eighteen species representing seven families were recorded. Three endemic species: Pelophryne brevipes, Fejervarya moodiei, and F. vittigera, were added to the current list of anurans known from green spaces of Davao City, bringing the total known species for Davao City to 23. Thirteen of the species recorded are endemic. Two species under the Near Threatened category of IUCN, Limnonectes magnus and Sanguirana everetti, were also documented. The study also accounted for four invasive species: Rhinella marina, Eleutherodactylus planirostris, Hoplobatrachus rugulosus, and Kaloula pulchra. However, these species were encountered only in sites with artificial structures nearby, prominent noise, and has less heterogeneous vegetation. Data adds to the limited account of anurans in Davao City’s green spaces. Adding more species also implies that the list of anurans from Davao City’s green spaces is far from complete. Exploration of other green spaces available in the city is necessary to fully understand anuran species composition and the value of green spaces to the persistence of this taxon even in highly urbanized areas.
Production and immobilization pectinase from Bacillus sp. 2P11 using alginate beads ANGGRAINI PUTRI UTAMI; FAHRURROZI FAHRURROZI; ANJA MERYANDINI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 8 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230813

Abstract

Abstract. Utami AP, Fahrurrozi, Meryandini A. 2022. Production and immobilization pectinase from Bacillus sp. 2P11 using alginate beads. Biodiversitas 23: 3960-3966. Pectinase is one of the enzymes often used in the industrial sector, especially in the food industry, such as extracting and clarifying juices. Previous studies have obtained pectinolytic microbial cultures of Bacillus sp. 2P11 isolated from cocoa beans. Pectinase production using pure pectin substrates such as citrus pectin or pectin from apples costs a lot because these pectins are expensive. Liquid substrate from cocoa pods TSH 858 and ICS 60 with a concentration of 10% is a good amount for pectinase production, and the percentage of total pectin from cocoa pods is 0.823%. The amount of activity of crude extract of pectinase enzyme is 416,780 mU/mL. Precipitation with ammonium sulfate and dialysis increased pectinase activity by 452,335 mU/mL and 586.88 mU/mL, respectively. Enzymes can be used repeatedly with enzyme immobilization. In this study, the immobilization of the enzyme entrapment method with sodium alginate and CaCl2 was designed with the response surface method. The optimum concentration of sodium alginate was 0.5% and 0.3 M CaCl2, with the percentage of an immobilized enzyme at 40.782%. Stability and repeated use of immobilized pectinase can be done up to 5 times.
Curcuma lampangensis and C. sabhasrii, two new species of the family Zingiberaceae from northern Thailand SARAYUT RAKARCHA; SURAPON SAENSOUK; CHARUN MAKNOI; MATHEE WONGNAK; WORANART THAMMARONG; PIYAPORN SAENSOUK
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230910

Abstract

Abstract. Rakarcha S, Saensouk S, Maknoi C, Wongnak M, Thammarong W, Saensouk P. 2022. Curcuma lampangensis and C. sabhasrii, two new species of the family Zingiberaceae from northern Thailand. Biodiversitas 23: 4448-4459. Curcuma lampangensis Saensouk, Maknoi & Rakarcha and C. sabhasrii Saensouk, Maknoi, Wongnak & Rakarcha, two new species of ginger family (Zingiberaceae) from northern Thailand, are described, illustrated and photographed. Additionally, the authors provide their detailed morphological descriptions, as well as illustrations, color photographs, distributions, ecology, etymology, phenology, vernacular, conservation status and its closely related species. The two new species are assignable to the Curcuma subgenus Ecomatae. Curcuma lampangensis and C. sabhasrii are endemic to Lampang and Phitsanulok provinces of northern Thailand, respectively. The morphological characteristics of C. lampangensis are compared to C. rhomba J. Mood & K. Larsen while C. sabhasrii is compared to C. peramoena Souvann. & Maknoi. Curcuma lampangensis is recognized by its glabrous on nearly all parts of the plant, creeping rhizome and the inflorescence usually arises from a new rhizome branch next to the existing pseudostem, flowers that are white to pale pink and white to pale yellow labellum with 2 dark yellow bands at the center and reddish tinge at the base. Curcuma sabhasrii is recognized by having 8-15 greenish to reddish-purple bracts, reddish-purple corolla lobes, white with reddish-purple mottling to reddish-purple staminodes and labellum which is reddish-purple with an embossed yellow path along the midrib from base to apex and reddish-purple mottling on yellow mid-band of lower half. A key to 24 species of Curcuma subgenus Ecomatae in Thailand is presented.

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