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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
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Evaluation of non-timber forest products used as medicinal plants from East Kalimantan (Indonesia) to inhibit ?-glucosidase and free radicals RICO RAMADHAN; RAMADHAN TOSEPU; PREECHA PHUWAPRAISIRISAN; RUDIANTO AMIRTA; KIETTIPUM PHONTREE; YAZDANIYAR FAJRI HALIMI FIRDAUS; NURLITA ABDULGANI; MUHAMMAD ZAINUL MUTTAQIN; SAPARWADI SAPARWADI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 11 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231102

Abstract

Abstract. Ramadhan R, Tosepu R, Phuwapraisirisan P, Amirta R, Phontree K, Firdaus YFH, Abdulgani N, Muttaqin MZ, Saparwardi. 2022. Evaluation of non-timber forest products used as medicinal plants from East Kalimantan (Indonesia) to inhibit ?-glucosidase and free radicals. Biodiversitas 23: 5551-5558. Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) have essential uses as medicines, food sources, and traditional ceremonies for the local people living in forest areas. Medicinal plants are one of the non-timber forest products used as traditional medicine by local people in East Kalimantan. This study was conducted to search for new natural antidiabetic and antioxidant resources from medicinal plants used traditionally in Mahakam Ulu District, East Kalimantan, based on ethnopharmacological information. The present study evaluates non-timber forest products as in vitro antidiabetic (rat intestinal ?-glucosidase inhibitory activity) and antioxidant (free radical scavenging activity against DPPH, ABTS, and Nitric Oxide) activities. The antidiabetic and antioxidant activities were evaluated using ?-glucosidase inhibition assay and free radical scavenging methods. This study demonstrated that methanol extracts of Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi, Syzygium chloranthum (Duthie) Merr. & L.M. Perry and Shorea balangeran Burck exhibited strong ?-glucosidase inhibitory activity with maltose as a substrate with IC50 values of 0.034 mg/mL, 0.039 mg/mL, and 0.039 mg/mL, respectively. On the other hand, methanol extract of S. chloranthum displayed the strongest ?-glucosidase inhibitory activity in sucrose as a substrate, similar to the IC50 value of the quercetin as a positive control. Furthermore, the antioxidant test showed that all medicinal plant extracts from East Kalimantan are good sources of natural antioxidants indicated by their IC50 values. The results of this study support the scientific background of the uses of medicinal plant extracts from East Kalimantan as folk medicine.
Effect of pre-sowing treatment on the germination and early growth of Kalappia celebica Kosterm.: an endemic and vulnerable tree species of Sulawesi, Indonesia FAISAL DANU TUHETERU; HUSNA HUSNA; ALBASRI ALBASRI; ASRIANTI ARIF; BASRUDIN BASRUDIN; WIWIN RAHMAWATI NURDIN; EPRIANI ARMAN; DWI INTAN AGUSTIN; JUSMAN SARIBADU; RAHMAT RAHMAT; AHMAD DERMAWANSYAH; DALIANA DALIANA; LUCKY PERDANA LODY; ALKIKA SURYA DERI; IKRAENI SAFITRI; DEDE J. SUDRAJAT
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 8 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230854

Abstract

Abstract. Tuheteru FD, Husna, Albasri, Arif A, Basrudin, Nurdin WR, Arman E, Agustin DI, Saribadu J, Rahmat, Dermawansyah A, Daliana, Lody LP, Deri AS, Safitri I, Sudrajat DJ. 2022. Effect of pre-sowing treatment on the germination and early growth of Kalappia celebica Kosterm.: an endemic and vulnerable tree species of Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4297-4302. Kalapi (Kalappia celebica) is an endemic tree species of Sulawesi and is threatened with extinction, so it requires conservation efforts to preserve the tree species. The research aims to determine the effects of seed pre-sowing methods on the germination of K. celebica. Matured seeds of kalapi were collected from several mother trees at the Lalona Village, Kolaka Regency, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. The seeds were treated with six pre-germinations treatments (control, nicking, nicking and soaking in cool water (20°C) for 12 h, nicking and soaking in cool water for 24 h, soaked in hot water (80°C) for 24 h till the water-cooled and soaked in cool water for 48 h. Three replication and each replication using 25 seed were used in this research, so the total seed were 450 seeds. The randomized completely design was used to test the effect of pre-germination treatments on seed germination parameters at the greenhouse. The germination parameters calculated were the first day of germination, last day of germination, germination period, germination capacity, mean germination time (MGT), and mean daily germination (MDG). The results showed that pre-germination treatment affected all seed germination parameters, which significantly increased the germination capacity. The germination capacity with the nicking was 94,67%, nicking and soaking in cool water (20°C) for 12 h (94,67%) followed by nicking and soaking in cool water (20° C) for 24 h (90,67%). In all treatments, germination started 5 to 10 days after sowing and was completed from 4 to 16 days later. The seed treatment by nicking and soaking in cool water for 12 d exhibited the lowest MGT (5.56 days), the highest MDG (0.95 germinate day-1), the highest seedling collar diameter (1.64 mm), and the highest leaf number (1.95). Therefore, the study recommends nicking followed by soaking in cool water for 12 h as an ideal pre-germination treatment to promote germination and seedling growth of kalapi tree species for supported conservation activity.
Biodiversity of wild spice plants of the Central Kazakhstan region and their medicinal potential YELENA POZDNYAKOVA; GULNARA OMAROVA; AIGUL MURZATAYEVA; NEILA TANKIBAEVA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230928

Abstract

Abstract. Pozdnyakova Y, Omarova G, Murzatayeva A, Tankibaeva N. 2022. Biodiversity of wild spice plants of the Central Kazakhstan region and their medicinal potential. Biodiversitas 23: 4609-4625. The Central Asian region stretches from the Caspian Sea in the west to the border of western China in the east. Central Kazakhstan occupies the space of steppe and semi-desert zones within the Turgay Plateau in the west and the Kazakh Uplands in the center and in the east. Due to the remoteness of the steppes of Central Kazakhstan from the oceans, the climate in the region is extremely continental and arid. Due to this, the diversity of plant species is quite small. In this work, we have studied the biodiversity of wild herbs growing in the climatic conditions of Central Asia. We also assessed the prospects of the found plant species as medicines. This study took place as part of the traditional summer practice of biology students in the period July-August 2019. The main method used in the field research was route reconnaissance. As a result of field research, 40 wild spice plant species belonging to 17 families were found. Among them, the most numerous are the families Lamiaceae - 9 species, Brassicaceae - 6 species, Apiaceae - 5 species, Asteraceae - 4 species, the families Rosaceae and Fabaceae - 2 species of herbs. All of these species are mentioned in a number of old recipes and can be revived and re-recommended for widespread use. A critical assessment of the literature on the medicinal properties of the studied spices irrefutably shows that they have enormous health potential. Based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that wild spice plants growing in the territory of Central Kazakhstan have a wide range of taste diversity and prospects for successful commercial exploitation.
Isolation and screening of entomopathogenic fungi against the grasshopper Oxya chinensis (Orthoptera: Acrididae) from rice fields in Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam LE CANH VIET CUONG; BAKEO SOUVANNALATH; TRAN PHUONG HA; LE QUYNH LIEN; VU THI THANH TAM; PHAM THI THUY HOAI; HOANG LE TUAN ANH; TON THAT HUU DAT
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230960

Abstract

Abstract. Cuong LCV, Souvannalath B, Ha TP, Lien LQ, Tam VTT, Hoai PTT, Anh HLT, Dat TTH. 2022. Isolation and screening of entomopathogenic fungi against the grasshopper Oxya chinensis (Orthoptera: Acrididae) from rice fields in Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam. Biodiversitas 23: 4906-4911. The grasshopper Oxya chinensis is one of the most abundant herbivorous insects of rice plants in Vietnam and causes severe damage to the crop. Therefore, biological control has become a particularly valuable method for grasshopper and insect control in agricultural production. The aim of the present study was to isolate and investigate the potential entomopathogenic fungi against the grasshopper O. chinensis from rice fields in Thua Thien Hue, to develop environmentally friendly bio-insecticides. The results showed that 37 fungal isolates were isolated from dead grasshoppers collected from rice fields in Thua Thien Hue province. Results of pathogenicity screening of 12 selected fungal isolates showed that the mortality rate of 4th-instar grasshopper nymphs O. chinensis ranged from 21.99% to 100% after 15 treatment days at a concentration of 1 × 108 conidia/ml. Of these, three fungal isolates, namely NL3, NL4, NL12 showed the highest pathogenicity against the grasshopper O. chinensis with mortality rates of 87.73%, 89.81%, and 100%, respectively after 15 days. LC50 values of NL3, NL4, NL12 isolates against 4th-instar nymphs and adults of O. chinensis ranged from 9.5×104 to 4.8×105 conidia/mL and 7.8 × 106 to 2.5 × 106 conidia/mL, respectively at 7 days. LT50 values of NL3, NL4, NL12 isolates against 4th-instar nymphs and adults of O. chinensis were from 4.1 to 4.9 days and 5.5 to 6.1 days, respectively at a concentration of 1 × 108 conidia/mL. Results from morphological identification and nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene sequence showed that three potential entomopathogenic fungi were Aspergillus tamarii, Beauveria bassiana, and Metarhizium anisopliae. The pathogenicity of Aspergillus tamarii, Beauveria bassiana, and Metarhizium anisopliae against the grasshopper O. chinensis is reported for the first time. The present investigation revealed that these entomopathogenic fungi could be a useful source for developing environment-friendly bio-insecticides for sustainable agricultural production.
In vitro seed germination of Paphiopedilum lowii, an endangered slipper orchid in North Borneo VINISHAA S. RAGU; ROSLIN OMBOKOU; RIMI REPIN; DUNI MOLIDIN; RAMLAN MIADIN; ZALEHA A. AZIZ
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 11 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231119

Abstract

Abstract. Ragu VS, Ombokou R, Repin R, Molidin D, Miadin R, Aziz ZA. 2022. In vitro seed germination of Paphiopedilum lowii, an endangered slipper orchid in North Borneo. Biodiversitas 23: 5687-5694. Paphiopedilum lowii (Lindl.) Stein is alarmingly decreasing in numbers due to habitat destruction and over-collection. Propagation through seed is one effort to conserve the species. In vitro method offers better results for seed germination in orchids, but the success of germination is species-specific. Hence, this research aimed to evaluate different types of media [(½ strength Murashige & Skoog and Orchimax Medium (Duchefa Biochemie)], and to determine the effects of sucrose [0% 1%, 2% and 3% (w/v)], peptone [0%, 0.1% and 0.2% (w/v)], coconut water [0%, 10%, 20% and 30% (v/v)] and fertilizer [Orchid Focus - 0%, 0.1% and 0.2% (v/v)] on seed germination. The protocorm size was also determined after 12 weeks of observation. Half-strength MS media consistently gave higher seed germination, ½ MS supplemented with 1% (w/v) sucrose, 0.1% (w/v) peptone, 0% (v/v) coconut water and 0.1 % (v/v) fertilizer resulted in the highest seed germination at 5.32% ± 5.9, 19.27% ± 9.34, 11.33% ± 3.80 and 19.31% ± 9.03 respectively. Despite being 12 weeks in culture, the sizes of the protocorms are small (0.222±0.089 mm diameter, 0.703±0.280 mm circumference, and 0.045±0.043 mm2 area); this requires future investigation. These findings can serve as base information for further enhancement of seed germination and development of propagation methods of P. lowii for use in a conservation program.
An orange pigment from the marine bacterium Paracoccus haeundaensis SAB E11 as a prospective source of natural antioxidants HERMAWATY ABUBAKAR; RIKA INDRI ASTUTI; SRI LISTYOWATI; IRMANIDA BATUBARA; ARIS TRI WAHYUDI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230940

Abstract

Abstract. Abubakar H, Astuti RI, Listyowati S, Batubara I, Wahyudi AT. 2022. An orange pigment from the marine bacterium Paracoccus haeundaensis SAB E11 as a prospective source of natural antioxidants. Biodiversitas 23: 4730-4737. Bacterial pigment extracts are the source of many natural antioxidant substances. The present study aimed to assess the antioxidant activity of an orange pigment derived from a marine bacterium, identified as Paracoccus haeundaensis SAB E11, analyzed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis(ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS). Methanol-pigmented crude extract of P. haeundaensis SAB E11 exhibited the best DPPH scavenging activity with an IC50 value of 54.7 mg/mL, while the n-hexane crude pigment extract of the bacterium reduced ABTS optimally with an IC50 value of 24.46 mg/mL. The analysis of antioxidant compounds in P. haeundaensis SAB E11 was identified by combining liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LCMS/MS). The five antioxidant compounds from methanol and n-hexane crude pigment extract of P. haeundaensis SAB E11 have been detected. Polyphenols were found to be the major compound, such as 3,5,3’,4’-tetrahydroxystilbene, scopoletin, and liquiritigenin. The other compounds were dihydroactinidiolide (terpenes) and ricinoleic acid (a fatty acid compound). The orange-colored extract of marine bacterium P. haeundaensis SAB E11 could be promising pharmacological capabilities as an antioxidant.
The recombinant expression and antimicrobial activity determination of Cecropin-like part of Heteroscorpine-1 from Heterometrus laoticus RIMA ERVIANA; YUTTHAKAN SAENGKUN; PRAPENPUKSIRI RUNGSA; NISACHON JANGPROMMA; MUSTOFA MUSTOFA; SAKDA DADUANG
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 11 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231114

Abstract

Abstract. Erviana R, Saengkun Y, Rungsa P, Jangpromma N, Mustofa, Daduang S. 2022. The recombinant expression and antimicrobial activity determination of Cecropin-like part of Heteroscorpine-1 from Heterometrus laoticus. Biodiversitas 23: 5646-5653. Antimicrobial peptides are promising novel antibiotics that hold great potential in combating bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites. Recent interest has increased in their potential as new pharmacological agents. Large quantities of antimicrobial peptides are required in order to fulfill the demand for the peptides for scientific research and clinical trials. Gene expression systems for antimicrobial peptides have been developed, which may be utilized efficiently for various antimicrobial peptide-related studies and applications. However, many expression systems that have been developed require many steps that impact the expression cost. This study established the fast and easy expression system of recombinant Cecropin-like part of Heteroscorpine-1 (CeHS-1) and determined their activity. The gene was chemically synthesized, ligated to the expression vector pET32a, transformed to Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) pLysS competent cell, and induced by 0.2 mM isopropyl ?-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside. The induction time optimization determined that the 3 hrs induction resulted in the highest peptides yield. The prolonged induction would decrease the peptides yield due to the toxicity of the peptides toward the host cells. The peptide purification was facilitated by His tag sequence through purifying the affinity chromatographic column of Ni-NTA. The induction was able to express the expected peptides in the soluble fraction. The antimicrobial activity assay showed that the recombinant peptides could inhibit the growth of many bacterial strains. However, their activity was lower compared to the synthetic peptides. This finding demonstrated that the developed expression system in this study might facilitate the easy and feasible expression system for CeHS-1. Additionally, the study revealed that the antimicrobial activity of the expressed peptides could be preserved.
Diversity and morphological relationship of orchid species (Orchidaceae) in Bangka Island, Indonesia GIGIH IBNU PRAYOGA; HENRI HENRI; ERIES DYAH MUSTIKARINI; ANGGYANSYAH ANGGYANSYAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 10 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231042

Abstract

Abstract. Prayoga GI, Henri, Mustikarini ED, Anggyansyah. 2022. Diversity and morphological relationship of orchid species (Orchidaceae) in Bangka Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5323-5332. The population of orchid plants has suffered extinction due to the conversion of forest land functions. Efforts to preserve orchids can be carried out through exploration, identification and conservation activities. Diversity and morphological information are useful for resource management, conservation, hybridization, and genetic improvement of orchids. This research was to determine the diversity and relationship of orchids on Bangka Island based on morphological characters. This research was conducted in four districts in Bangka Island, namely Central Bangka, West Bangka, Bangka, and South Bangka. The research method used is a survey method with a convenience sampling technique. Observed data were analyzed descriptively and calculated for diversity index, evenness index, species richness index, and morphological relationship. Analysis of morphological relationship was done using UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean). The results of the study found 17 species of orchids in Bangka Island i.e. Bulbophyllum subumbellatum, Podochilus microphyllus, Crepidium calophyllum, Phalaenopsis cornu-cervi, Cymbidium finlaysonianum, and Malaxix kobi. Bangka District found 10 species, namely Phalaenopsis sumatrana, Liparis rhombea, Bulbophyllum sp., Robiquieta spathulata, Liparis sp., Trichotosia velutina, Micropera collosa, Dendrobium aloifolium, Grammatophyllum speciosium, and Adenoncos major. Exploration in West Bangka District and South Bangka District only found the same orchid species, namely Acriopsis javanica. The orchid species on Bangka Island have moderate diversity, high evenness index, and low species richness index. The relationship of orchid species in Bangka Island based on morphological characters has 60% similarities which are divided into 9 clusters. Prevention of orchid population reduction on Bangka Island can be done by using in situ and ex-situ conservation methods. In addition, for the future development of orchids, crosses between orchids that have unique characters and distant morphological relationships can also be carried out to produce orchids for commercial purposes.
Short Communication: Taxonomic status of Great Argus (Argusianus argus) Sumatra and Borneo based on cytochrome B gene Cynthia Ericca; Djong Hon Tjong; Dewi Imelda Roesma; WILSON NOVARINO; SYAIFULLAH SYAIFULLAH; MUHAMMAD NAZRI JANRA; AADREAN AADREAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230933

Abstract

Abstract. Ericca C, Tjong DH, Roesma DI, Novarino W, Syafullah, Janra MN, Aandrean. 2022. Short Communication: Taxonomic status of Great Argus (Argusianus argus) Sumatra and Borneo based on cytochrome B gene. Biodiversitas 23: 4670-4676. Great Argus (Argusianus argus) belongs to the bird family Phasianidae. Currently, there are two Great Argus subspecies: A. argus argus in Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula, and A. argus grayi in Borneo. Therefore, this study aims to determine the taxonomic status of Great Argus across its distribution region. Phylogenetic relationships between two Great Argus subspecies were inferred in this study using the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. DNA was isolated, amplified, and sequenced from the feathers of Great Argus sampled from Kinantan Wildlife and Cultural Park, Bukittinggi, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Phylogenetic relationships were analyzed with Maximum Likelihood methods. The phylogenetic trees show monophyletic relationships between Sumatran Great Argus subspecies. Analysis result shows that Bornean Great Argus has a 3.26-3.80% genetic distance from the Sumatran Great Argus based on analysis using the 789 bp of cyt b gene. Based on the result, it also refers that Bornean Great Argus and Crested Argus (Rheinardia ocellata), have a close relationship, indicated by low genetic distances (5.87-6.73%). This study suggests that Bornean Great Argus is genetically different from Sumatran Great Argus.
The method of forest change detection using Sentinel-2 optical satellite imagery and Sentinel-1 radar imagery: A case study in Dak Nong Province, Vietnam TRAN QUANG BAO; NGUYEN VAN THI; LE SY DOANH; PHAM VAN DUAN; LA NGUYEN KHANG; NGUYEN TRONG CUONG; BUI TRUNG HIEU; DAO THI THANH MAI; DINH VAN TUYEN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230948

Abstract

Abstract. Bao TQ, Thi NV, Doanh LS, Duan PV, Khang LN, Cuong NT, Hieu BT, Mai DTT, Tuyen DV. 2022. The method of forest change detection using Sentinel-2 optical satellite imagery and Sentinel-1 radar imagery: A case study in Dak Nong Province, Vietnam. Biodiversitas 23: 4800-4809. This study presents the findings of forest change detection in Dak Nong Province, Vietnam by combining the NDVI of Sentinel-2 satellite imagery and the backscatter (BKS) values of VH and VV polarizations from the first quarter of 2020 to the first quarter of 2021 and using the combination model of BKS and NDVI (CMB) to determine the NDVI and Backscatter Change Index (NBCI) between the two periods, which were processed and analyzed in Google Earth Engine. The verification results on 270 samples for all 3 indices show that the results of forest loss detection using NBCI index, NDVI index, and BKS index reach 93.3%, 83.3% and 73.3%, respectively; the results of identifying the areas with no forest change using NBCI index, NDVI index, and BKS index achieve 97.8%, 92.2% and 83.3%, respectively; the results of forest increase detection using NBCI index, NDVI index, and BKS index reach 90.0%, 85.6% and 68.9%, respectively. The NBCI index for Dak Nong Province indicated that during the study period, the the province lost 1,198.9 hectares forest area, whereas it gained 871.3 hectares of the same.

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