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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
 382   383   384   385   386 
Isolation and characterization of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria from rhizospheric soil of selected pulses and their effect on Coriandrum sativum plants WANWISA PIRAPAK; ACHIRAYA SIRIPHAP; TUDDOW INPRASIT; CHORPAKA PHUANGSRI; PRAINYA KRAIVUTTINUN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 11 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231129

Abstract

Abstract. Pirapak W, Siriphap A, Inprasit T, Phuangsri C, Kraivuttinun P. 2022. Isolation and characterization of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria from rhizospheric soil of selected pulses and their effect on Coriandrum sativum plants. Biodiversitas 23: 5765-5770. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) are recognized as efficient biofertilizers, biocontrol agents and microbial inoculants. In the present study five best plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria were isolated from the root zone of healthy and vigorously growing plants in an agricultural farm in the Uttaradit Province, Thailand. All the isolates were selected on the basis of nitrogen fixation, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production and phosphate solubilization. Based on morphological traits and 16S rRNA sequence analysis, isolated bacteria were distributed into the following six genera: Burkholderia cepacian (A05, A06), Agrobacterium deltaense (A13), Pseudomonas plecoglossicida (A39), Paenarthrobacter aurescens (A45) and Stenotrophomonas pavanii (A64). All the selected bacterial isolates boosted coriander growth. Paenarthrobacter aurescens (A45) showed the best results, it increased plant height (up to 1.38 times), dry weight (up to 1.63 times), stem diameter (up to 2.05 times) and biomass (up to 1.65 times). This is the first report of plant growth-promoting ability of Paenarthrobacter aurescens, which could be used as a biological agent instead of chemical fertilizers in agroforestry production to reduce environmental pollution and increase the yield of coriander.
Biodiversity monitoring as a baseline for PROPER biodiversity protection program of PT. Geo Dipa Energi Dieng, Central Java, Indonesia SUWARNO HADISUSANTO; PURNOMO PURNOMO; TRIJOKO TRIJOKO; AKBAR REZA; RURY EPRILURAHMAN; DONAN SATRIA YUDHA; PURNO SUDIBYO; HASTIN AMBAR ASTI; NOORMAN HENDRY FAUZY; FX SUGIYO PRANOTO; DWI SENDI PRIYONO; FARADLINA MUFTI; ANNAS RABBANI; DWINDA MARISKA PUTRI; SYAMSUMIN SYAMSUMIN; ARON PANGIHUTAN CHRISTIAN TAMPUBOLON; FAQIH NUR ABDULLAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230912

Abstract

Abstract. Hadisusanto S, Purnomo, Trijoko, Reza A, Eprilurahman R, Yudha DS, Sudibyo P, Asti HA, Fauzy NH, Pranoto FS, Priyono DS, Mufti S, Rabbani A, Putri DM, Syamsumin, Tampubolon APC, Abdullah FN. 2022. Biodiversity monitoring as a baseline for PROPER biodiversity protection program of PT. Geo Dipa Energi Dieng, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4466-4472. Anthropogenic activities drove an unprecedented rate of land-use change in the last century. Corporate is one of the most highlighted sectors due to the extent of the impact on the environment. Therefore, PROPER (Corporate Performance Rating Assessment for Environmental Program) was developed by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry as a safeguard to halt biodiversity loss due to corporate-related development in Indonesia. The present study analyzed the flora and fauna composition, structure, and trend in PT. Geo Dipa Energi Dieng well pad surrounding area from 2019-2021, as a critical part of the PROPER assessments. The study revealed that the study area was homogeneously dominated by shrubs-herbaceous plants, contributing to 60% of total species richness and abundance. Two dominant species were the introduced wild species Ageratina riparia and the cultivated plant Solanum tuberosum. Moreover, despite tree individual scarcity, the tree growth form was primarily constituted by introduced species with a mean abundance of 347 individuals, or 5-fold higher than native species. Acacia decurrens and Cupressus sempervirens, the introduced tree species planted during the rehabilitation program, dominated the area. The homogeneous floristic composition led to a homogenization of the fauna community, particularly birds, dominated by cosmopolitan insectivorous species. NMDS analysis and Shannon-Diversity Index also revealed that the pattern and trend among sites and years were similar, and there was an insignificant change, showing the urgency of the long-term revegetation programs to rehabilitate the ecosystem. Moreover, the presence of protected species in the study area showed that ecosystem rehabilitation is critical.
The partial contribution of CO2-emission losses from subsidence in small-holder oil palm plantation on a tropical peatland in West Kalimantan, Indonesia DWI ASTIANI; TRI WIDIASTUTI; HANNA ARTUTI EKAMAWANTI; WIWIK EKYASTUTI; EMI ROSLINDA; MUJIMAN MUJIMAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 12 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231252

Abstract

Abstract. Astiani D, Widiastuti T, Ekamawanti HA, Ekyastuti W, Roslinda E, Mujiman. 2022. The partial contribution of CO2-emission losses from subsidence in small-holder oil palm plantation on a tropical peatland in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 6539-6545. Carbon storage in tropical peat ecosystems over thousands of years, especially within peat soil, is in huge quantity. Degradation of peat ecosystems is generally caused by human factors, whether intentional or not, damaging the carbon storage function of tropical peatlands, where forest clearing, drainage development, and burning of land converted to agriculture and plantations result in significant greenhouse gas emissions. Tropical peat in the Kubu Raya District of West Kalimantan, which has a relatively large area of peat, has been degraded as a cause of uncontrolled drainage and land fires caused by a lack of management after its forest cover was lost. The main impact is an increase in peat CO2 emissions due to changes in land use, especially lowering groundwater levels. Subsequently, the subsidence process also occurs after land clearing. This study aims to obtain the proportion of carbon biomass loss due to the CO2 emission process from reducing the peat layer due to subsidence. Data collection was executed for two years, where CO2 emission was monitored bi-weekly, and the subsidence was measured bi-monthly. The results demonstrate groundwater levels dictate the peat CO2 emission and subsidence. Lowering GWL 30 to -85 cm increases CO2 by more than three times, approximately. The rate of peat subsidence shows similar trends to the emission. The proportion of peat biomass loss on CO2 emission was between 58.9 to 73.5%, except for GWL ~5 cm, where the proportion was the highest at 82%. The results of this study are beneficial in explaining the part of the subsidence that impacts the sources of CO2 emissions from the small-holder oil palm and GWL management on peatlands.
Distribution of multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium isolated from clinical specimens in the Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia ZINATUL HAYATI; ULIL HASRI DESFIANA; SUHARTONO SUHARTONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 10 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231010

Abstract

Abstract. Hayati Z, Desfiana UH, Suhartono S. 2022. Distribution of multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium isolated from clinical specimens in the Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5043-5049. Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium are two predominant enterococcal species associated with opportunistic infections, especially in clinical settings. This study aimed to determine the distribution and antibiotic sensitivity of E. faecalis and E. faecium isolated from clinical specimens in the Zainoel Abidin General Hospital during 2019-2022. This study involved isolation, identification, and testing of antibiotic susceptibility of E. faecalis and E. faecium isolates. A total number of 299 enterococcal isolates detected in this study consisting of 233 (7.92%) isolates of E. faecalis and 66 (2.18%) isolates of E. faecium. Both E. faecalis and E. faecium shared phenotypic features in common. Enterococcus faecalis isolates exhibited less sensitivity to benzathine penicillin G, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, tetracycline, high-level streptomycin, doxycycline, and fosfomycin. Enterococcus faecium had less sensitive to all tested antibiotics, except for linezolid, vancomycin, and tigecycline. Based on the clinical specimens, enterococci were predominantly found in urine specimens accounting for 42.80%, while based on patient’s age, enterococci were prevalently found in patients aged >46 years accounting for 72%. The distribution of both enterococci was evenly detected in both male and female patients. Based on the wards, enterococci were predominantly detected (50.65%) in patients treated in the internal medicine wards. Overall, the present study suggested the susceptibility of enterococcal pathogens and determined the most effective antimicrobials as empirical therapy to treat the infections. The surveillance programs and infections control should be effectively implemented to manage these multidrug-resistant enterococcal infections particularly within healthcare settings.
Review: The status of the endangered Eld’s deer (Rucervus eldii) and conservation actions in Thailand Ronglarp Sukmasuang; Naris Bhumpakphan; William J McShea; Worawidh Wajjwalku; Boripat Siriaroonrat; Sumate Kamolnoranart; Marnoch Yindee; Tarasak Nipanan; Banpot Maleehuan; Krittaphas Khanthathongsakuldee; Chattraphas Pongcharoen; Nantida Sutummawong; Warisara Thomas
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 10 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231008

Abstract

Abstract. Sukmasuang R, Bhumpakphan N, McShea WJ, Wajjwalku W, Siriaroonrat B, Kamolnoranart S, Yindee M, Nipanan T, Maleehuan B, Khanthathongsakuldee K, Pongcharoen C, Sutummawong N, Thomas W. 2022. Review: The status of the endangered Eld’s deer (Rucervus eldii) and conservation actions in Thailand. Biodiversitas 23: 5020-5034. The endangered Eld’s deer (Rucervus eldii) once roamed throughout the plains and dry forests of South and Southeast Asia. However, due to heavy poaching and habitat loss, the population has declined drastically and has disappeared from many of its historical ranges. They are presently found in some natural areas of India, Myanmar, Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Hainan Island, China. Thailand used to be the distribution center of the species, where two subspecies, the R.e. thamin and R.e. siamensis, were found. However, both subspecies have disappeared from the natural resources of Thailand since the early 1990s. Many conservation programs have been conducted to save this species in Thailand, such as captive breeding and reintroduction. Our literature review revealed that currently, more than a thousand R.e. thamin are housed in over 20 wildlife breeding facilities and 109 R.e. siamensis in 8 breeding facilities. Based on the workshops on conservation and restoration of the species, suitable genetic selection can create populations suitable for return to protected forest areas in Thailand. At present, more than 554 R.e. thamin have been released back into the wild in 8 wildlife sanctuaries, 3 national parks and 1 non-hunting area and 27 R.e. siamensis were released in 2 wildlife sanctuaries in Thailand. The follow-up of the deer in the release areas was flawed. Major knowledge gaps include recent trends in the population dynamics, habitat selection, diet items and threats. Identifying and restoring suitable dry forest habitats for reintroduction are also keys for species conservation.
Growth performance and nutrient composition of black soldier fly larvae reared on solid-state fermentation substrates with various white rot fungi Eko Lela Fitriana; Anuraga Jayanegara; Dewi Apri Astuti; Erika Budiarti Laconi
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230959

Abstract

Abstract. Fitriana EL, Jayanegara A, Astuti DA, Laconi EB. 2022. Growth performance and nutrient composition of black soldier fly larvae reared on solid-state fermentation substrates with various white rot fungi. Biodiversitas 23: 4894-4905. This study examines agricultural byproducts fermented with various rot fungi as a substrate of black soldier fly larvae. The experiment used a three-way randomized design with four replications. The first factor was substrate (cacao pod husk and oil palm frond), the second factor was fungi (Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Trametes versicolor, and Pleurotus sajor-caju), and the third factor was environment condition (light and without light). Approximately 1200 of 7-day-old larvae were added to 600 g substrate treatment. The results showed that the solid-state fermentation substrates had the highest waste reduction parameters and level of consumption. Larvae in the experiment had a crude protein level of 38.84-58.88% of dry matter. Glutamic acid is the most abundant non-essential amino acid in larvae, while leucine is the most abundant essential amino acid. Solid-state fermentation substrate could improve the fatty acid profile quality of larvae in relation to high linoleic acid, polyunsaturated fatty acid, and unsaturated fatty acid percentages, especially CPH-pc substrate. The use of solid-state fermentation in larvae rearing decreased lignin in the cacao pod husk substrate. In conclusion, cacao pod husk substrate solid-state fermented with white rot fungi is not supported the optimum growth performance of BSFL but increases fatty acid profile quality.
Propolis extract as a green bacterial corrosion inhibitor on three types of metals NI LUH WATINIASIH; I NYOMAN BUDIARSA; I NYOMAN GDE ANTARA; PUTU ANGGA WIRADANA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230954

Abstract

Abstract. Watiniasih NL, Budiarsa IN, Antara ING, Wiradana PA. 2022. Propolis extract as a green bacterial corrosion inhibitor on three types of metals. Biodiversitas 23: 4852-4860. Corrosion causes severe damage to various types of metals, which is a serious problem in the infrastructure sector. Several studies have been conducted to find more efficient natural inhibitors. This study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of antioxidants from propolis extract in inhibiting the growth of bacteria that cause corrosion on various metals. The ethanol extract was carried out to obtain the bioactive contained in the propolis extract, then analyzed its antioxidant activity with DPPH and characterized using GC-MS. Various concentration of propolis extract were tested on NA+1% Fe medium to determine its resistance to corrosion-causing bacteria. Propolis extract was tested on several types of metals in inhibiting the corrosion rate. The results showed that the tested propolis extract had strong antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 82.496 ppm. The characterization of the metabolite profile showed that the propolis extract was dominated by chemical components that act as antioxidants and antibacterial agents. In the future, the results of this study can be used as a practical guide for the application of bioactive compounds through a biocontrol approach to the growth of corrosion-causing bacteria.
The immunomodulatory effect of Glagah consortium microalgae polysaccharides based on splenocyte proliferation and cytokine production in vitro ZHAZA AFILILLA; Lucia Tri Suwanti Suwanti; MUFASIRIN MUFASIRIN; HENI PNY KOERNIAWAN; MOCHAMAD DONNY KOERNIAWAN; EKO AGUS SUYONO; ARIEF BUDIMAN; ULFAH JUNIARTI SIREGAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 10 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231028

Abstract

Abstract. Afililla Z, Suwanti LT, Mufasirin, Koerniawan HP, Suyono EA, Budiman A, Siregar UJ. 2022. The immunomodulatory effect of Glagah consortium microalgae polysaccharides based on splenocyte proliferation and cytokine production in vitro. Biodiversitas 23: 5205-5209. Indonesia is known as a maritime country that has various organisms, including microalgae. Some microalgae have many bioactivities, such as immunomodulatory activity. This study aimed to determine Glagah consortium microalgae polysaccharide (GCMP) and polysaccharide of Spirulina platensis (PSP) as an immunomodulator based on its effect on splenocyte proliferation and cytokine production in vitro. Crude polysaccharides were extracted by lye extraction method. Splenocytes were obtained from spleen of healthy mice and cultured in RPMI 1640 medium with and without Concanavalin A (Con A). Cells (3×105 per well) were treated with polysaccharide with dose gradually 0, 1.25, 2.5, 10 and 20 µg/mL. Splenocytes proliferation were observed by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The supernatant was taken for the detection of cytokines using enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). The results showed that GCMP, both with and without Con A at a concentration of less than 10 mg/mL decreased cell viability, on the other hand, a concentration of 10-20 mg/mL had a proliferative effect. Splenocytes were shown a proliferative effect at all concentrations of PSP, both with and without Con A. The concentration of polysaccharides, both GCMP and PSP, did not affect cytokine levels. In conclusion, based on the proliferation of splenocytes, GCMP has an immunomodulatory effect depending on its concentration.
Phytopathogenic fungi as potential biocontrol agents against an invasive weed, Asystasia gangetica, at Sakambangan rubber plantation in Garut, West Java, Indonesia ENDAH YULIA; ALYA IZZA MAHMUDAH; ALDI RAHAYU; CEPPY NASAHI; YANI MAHARANI; TARKUS SUGANDA; DEDI WIDAYAT
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230920

Abstract

Abstract. Yulia E, Mahmudah AI, Rahayu A, Nasahi C, Maharani Y, Suganda T, Widayat D. 2022. Phytopathogenic fungi as potential biocontrol agents against an invasive weed, Asystasia gangetica, at Sakambangan rubber plantation in Garut, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4532-4538. Many weeds are invasive species causing both economic and ecological losses. Asystasia gangetica is one of invasive species from the Acanthaceae family and has now been established as one of the most important weeds of rubber plantation. Mechanical control of A. gangetica is ineffective, while chemical control is harmful to the environment. Thus, it is imperative to explore alternative control methods. This study aimed to carry out an inventory of pathogenic fungi isolated from A. gangetica and test their pathogenicity to A. gangetica and rubber seedlings. This research was conducted from November 2021 to February 2022. The methods used were field observation and laboratory test conducted at the Sakambangan rubber plantation, Garut District, West Java and the Phytopathology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran. Pathogenicity test was carried out using water-culture method to grow the tested plants without soil. Fungi isolated from A. gangetica identified as Fusarium sp., Pestalotiopsis sp., Colletotrichum sp. and Cercospora sp. were tested to be pathogenic to A. gangetica, and deemed potential biocontrol agents. However, Pestalotiopsis sp. and Cercospora sp. were also pathogenic to rubber seedlings which make them ineligible as biocontrol agents for A. gangetica in rubber plantations.
The pre-weaning growth of lambs from crossbreeding between Garut ewes with Dorper rams Ichda Rufaida Athifa; Aprilianna Putri Zahra Nafsina Luvita Sari; Dyah Maharani; I Gede Suparta Budisatria; Sigit Bintara; Yudi Guntara Noor; Rahmat Hidayat; Panjono Panjono
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 11 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231125

Abstract

Abstract. Athifa IR, Sari APZNL, Maharani D, Budisatria IGS, Bintara S, Noor YG, Hidayat R, Panjono. 2022. The pre-weaning growth of lambs from crossbreeding between Garut ewes with Dorper rams. Biodiversitas 23: 5738-5743. This study was aimed at determining the productivity of lamb from mating between Garut ewes and Dorper rams. The animals used were 108 sheep. A total of 98 heads of Garut ewes were randomly divided into two groups; the first group was mated with Dorper rams (5 heads), while the second group was mated with Garut rams (5 heads) as a control group. The data observed were birth weight, weaning weight, average daily gain (ADG), reproduction index (RI), and productivity index (PI). The data were analyzed with an independent sample T-Test. Birth weight, weaning weight, and ADG of Garut and Dorper crossbred lambs were 2.20±0.54 and 2.60±0.71 kg; 14.91±3.57 and 16.27±3.69 kg; and 90.21±32.11 and 119.12±42.64 g/day, respectively. Pre-weaning growth of Dorper-crossed lambs was higher (P<0.05) than those of Garut lambs. The RI and PI of Garut ewes mated with Garut and Dorper rams were 3.15±1.38 and 2.87±1.33 head/year; and 32, 10±15.53 and 38.91±21.00 kg/year, respectively. The PI of ewes mated with Dorper rams was higher (P<0.05) than that of Garut ewes mated with Garut rams. It is concluded that the cross of the Garut ewes with the Dorper rams improved productivity by increasing the pre-weaning growth of the lambs.

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