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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
 394   395   396   397   398 
Assessing herb layer composition under jungle rubber in Sungai Manau Forest, Jambi, Indonesia: indicator species and tree regeneration potential SISWO SISWO; CHUNG-WEON YUN; HOJIN KIM; JEONGEUN LEE; BAMBANG DWI ATMOKO; LATHIF BRAHMANTYA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 10 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231034

Abstract

Abstract. Siswo, Yun CW, Kim H, Lee J, Atmoko BD, Brahmantya L. 2022. Assessing herb layer composition under jungle rubber in Sungai Manau Forest, Jambi, Indonesia: indicator species and tree regeneration potential. Biodiversitas 23: 5247-5257. Most of the post-logged forests in Sumatra have been transformed into various land cover types, including plantations and secondary forests. Among plantation systems, rubber agroforestry (jungle rubber) is preferable since it resembles natural forests, which still maintain high biodiversity. While previous studies have been focused on the floristic diversity, composition and structure of jungle rubber, limited research has investigated indicator species and tree regeneration in jungle rubber. This research aimed to compare herb layer composition including species diversity, indicator species and tree regeneration potential between jungle rubber (JF) and the existing natural growing forests, including undisturbed post-logging forest (UF), mixed regrowth forest (MF) and newly regrowth forest (NF), in Sungai Manau Forest, Jambi, Indonesia. We conducted a vegetation survey and subsequently analyzed the data using some comparative analyses, indicator species analysis and regeneration status analysis. Our results showed significant differences in herb layer communities among all land cover types (T= -18.91, p=0.000). Although JF and all-natural growing forests showed equal indices of diversity, each land cover type showed its own indicator species, reflecting their environmental conditions. However, indicator species for JF were mostly similar in character to that in MF with non-native semi-shade-tolerant species. Meanwhile, all indicator species for UF were native shade-tolerant species and the indicator species for NF were fully non-native shade-intolerant species. JF is also equal to MF in seedlings availability and tree regeneration potential by showing an equal number of seedling species and the number of individuals where most of the seedlings in both land cover types were pioneer species with “good regeneration ”status”. Our finding suggested that JF had a similar potential to MF in the succession process. Therefore, jungle rubber can be a good alternative when a plantation system is inevitable in a post-logging forest.
Honey quality from the bee Apis cerana, honey potency produced by coconut and sugar palm saps Erwan Erwan; Agussalim Agussalim
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 11 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231139

Abstract

Abstract. Erwan, Agussalim. 2022. Honey quality from the bee Apis cerana, honey potency produced by coconut and sugar palm saps. Biodiversitas 23: 5854-5861. One of the big problems when keeping honeybees is the limited sustainable feed, especially in the rainy season. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the honey quality from the bee Apis cerana based on the chemical composition and honey potency produced by the coconut and sugar palm saps. This study using thirty colonies of the bee A. cerana was divided into six treatments consisting of sugar palm sap without sugar palm pollen, coconut sap without sugar palm pollen, coconut sap of 50% + sugar palm sap of 50% without sugar palm pollen, sugar palm sap was added by sugar palm pollen; coconut sap was added by sugar palm pollen; coconut sap of 50% + sugar palm sap of 50% was added by sugar palm pollen. The chemical composition of honey from the A. cerana was moisture (20.76 to 21.80%), reducing sugar (62.78 to 68.37%), sucrose (1.44 to 3.42%), diastase enzyme activity (5.17 to 9.04 DN), hydroxymethylfurfural (2.24 to 5.81 mg/kg), and acidity (26.00 to 36.33 mL NaOH/kg). Honey potency produced by the coconut and sugar palm saps in 100 hectares area produces honey was 1542.857 tons/year and 1150 tons/year, respectively. It can be concluded that the quality of A. cerana honey, produced by the sugar palm and coconut saps, is acceptable by the Indonesian national and international standards. The sugar palm and coconut saps have big potential as bee feed, especially for the bee A. cerana.
Changes in floristic diversity and stand damage of tropical forests caused by logging operations in North Kalimantan, Indonesia JUANG RATA MATANGARAN; INTAN NOER ANISSA; QI ADLAN; MUHAMMAD MUJAHID
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 12 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231233

Abstract

Abstract. Matangaran JR, Anissa IN, Adlan Q, Mujahid M. 2022. Changes in floristic diversity and stand damage of tropical forests caused by logging operations in North Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 6358-6365. Selective cutting of natural forests in Indonesia has been going on for decades. As a consequence, such activities cause disturbances in vegetation cover indicated by changes in diversity and evenness, forest stands damage and mortality of juvenile trees. This research aimed to determine changes in diversity and evenness of vegetation before and after harvesting at seedling, saplings, poles and tree levels, stand damage and forest opening, the number of natural regeneration, and the relationship between felling intensity and forest opening. The research was conducted in a logging concession applying Reduced Impact Logging (RIL) in North Kalimantan by restricting timber cutting to only commercial trees with a diameter of more than 50 cm. The result found 38 tree species in the research plot with average logging intensity of 6.5 trees per hectare. Before and after harvesting, it was found that there were slight changes in diversity and evenness indices at seedling, sapling, pole and tree levels. The percentage of stand damage was 17.8%, and the percentage of forest opening was 19.76 %, which was comparably lower than logging practices in other areas. Nonetheless, we found a strong positive relationship between felling intensity and forest opening. The findings of this study provide another evidence that it is necessary to implement reduced impact logging to reduce damage to forest ecosystems due to selective cutting in the tropical region. It is important to limit the number of trees logged per hectare in order to reduce logging damage and forest opening, minimize impacts on tree species diversity and facilitate natural regeneration.
Curcuma nakhonphanomensis (Zingiberaceae), a new species from the lower Mekong River basin, northeastern Thailand PIYAPORN SAENSOUK; THAWATPHONG BOONMA; SURAPON SAENSOUK
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 11 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231159

Abstract

Abstract. Saensouk P, Boonma T, Saensouk S. 2022. Curcuma nakhonphanomensis (Zingiberaceae), a new species from the lower Mekong River basin, northeastern Thailand. Biodiversitas 23: 6040-6048. Curcuma nakhonphanomensis Boonma, Saensouk & P. Saensouk sp. nov. (Zingiberaceae: Zingibereae) was distributed in Nakhon Phanom Province, northeastern Thailand. The morphological characteristic of this species makes it fall into Curcuma subgenus Ecomata, due to the presence of epigynous glands, lack of coma bracts and bracts fused only at the base, and production of open-form of flowers. This plant did not match any existing species after careful morphological examination and comparison of all allied species in the genus Curcuma, especially in subgenus Ecomata. Therefore, we described it here as a new species to science in the name of Curcuma nakhonphanomensis Boonma, Saensouk & P. Saensouk. The specific epithet is named according to the province's name of the type locality. The morphological characteristics description, illustrations, vernacular name, ecology, phenology, distribution, utilization, conservation status, and map of distribution are present. The comparison table of the new species and its allies species, including a revised key to 41 species of Curcuma subgenus Ecomata is provided.
Diversity of epiphytic bryophytes in Medan City Parks, North Sumatra, Indonesia and its potential as lead (Pb) bio-accumulators ETTI SARTINA SIREGAR; NURSAHARA PASARIBU; ANASTASYA FADIA LUBIS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 6 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240615

Abstract

Abstract. Siregar ES, Pasaribu N, Lubis AF. 2023. Diversity of epiphytic bryophytes in Medan City Parks, North Sumatra, Indonesia and its potential as lead (Pb) bio-accumulators. Biodiversitas 24: 3214-3221. The information on the diversity of epiphytic bryophytes in the metropolitan area, particularly Medan City, North Sumatra, Indonesia has been limited. Therefore, this study aimed to conduct an inventory of the diversity of epiphytic bryophytes in Medan City parks as well as to assess their potential as lead (Pb) bioaccumulators. Three sampling sites, namely Ahmad Yani Park, Beringin Park, and Medan Zoo, were selected based on their pollution levels from high to low, respectively. Five plots with dimensions of 25×25 m were placed at each site and five representative host trees were selected in each plot. Lead (Pb) bioaccumulation of bryophyte samples is determined using the atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) method at the Plant Research Center Laboratory, Medan. The Pb-bioaccumulation capacity of each species from different sites was compared through two-way ANOVA. The results showed eight species, namely four liverworts (Marchantiophyta): Cololejeunea lanciloba Steph., Lejeunea cocoes Mitt., Lopholejeunea eulopha (Taylor) Schiffn., and Lopholejeunea subfusca (Nees) Schiffn., as well as 4 Mosses (Bryophyta): Calymperes tenerum C.Müller, Meiothecium microcarpum Mitten, Octoblepharum albidum Hedwig and Vesicularia dubyana Brotherus. Vesicularia dubyana was the dominant species at Beringin Park and Medan Zoo, while C. tenerum was dominant at Ahmad Yani Park. The biodiversity of epiphytic bryophytes in this study was categorized as moderate level (1?H’?3). The highest Important Values Index (IVI) of epiphytic bryophytes in this study was obtained for V. dubyana at 131.80. The highest Pb bioaccumulation was observed in O. albidum at 87.5 mg/kg, followed by V. dubyana at 66.6 mg/kg. This study provided information on the ecological contribution of epiphytic bryophytes as Pb bioaccumulators in urban areas. Vesicularia dubyana and O. albidum can be recommended as biomonitoring agents in the future.
The bioecological features of some species of the Cupressaceae introduced in the conditions of Tashkent City, Uzbekistan ELDOR E. TEMIROV; NARGIZA K. RAKHIMOVA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 10 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231065

Abstract

Abstract. Temirov EE, Rakhimova NK. 2022. The bioecological features of some species of the Cupressaceae introduced in the conditions of Tashkent City, Uzbekistan. Biodiversitas 23: 5532-5538. For the first time, monitoring of the current state of previously introduced 19 species and 10 forms of the Cupressaceae family was carried out. Four species and five forms selected among them are distinguished by high decorativeness. The studied species and forms differ in the duration of the virginal period. Under the conditions of Uzbekistan, in forms of the genus Platycladus it lasts 4-5 years, in forms of the genus Thuja - 6-8 years, in the genera Chamaecyparis and Juniperus 6-9 years. The maximum growth and development indices under the conditions of Tashkent were observed in Platycladus orientalis f. compacta (East Asia), and the smallest ones are found in Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (North America) and Juniperus squamata (Western China). Seed germination in forms of the genus Platycladus under laboratory conditions is 56-78% (optimal temperature 20-22°C), in forms of the genus Thuja 31-46%, in Chamaecyparis lawsoniana - 21% (optimal temperature 28-29°C), the maximum rate of seed germination in the field was noted in Platycladus orientalis f. compacta (90-95%), and the minimum is Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (6-8%). For the first time, the possibility of vegetative reproduction in open ground with a rooting rate of cuttings up to 95% has been shown. Vegetative propagation gives effective results compared to a seed. For the first time in Uzbekistan, such a study was conducted on conifers, until now, no one has previously studied the biological characteristics of Conifers within the country.
Using biodiversity indices to assess the current state of tugai vegetation of the Amu Darya River, Uzbekistan NODIRA K. RAKHIMOVA; KHABIBULLO F. SHOMURODOV; VASILA K. SHARIPOVA; UMIDA SH. SAITJANOVA; JASUR S. SADINOV
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240153

Abstract

Abstract. Rakhimova NK, Shomurodov KF, Sharipova VK, Saitjanova USH, Sadinov JS. 2023. Using biodiversity indices to assess the current state of tugai vegetation of the Amu Darya River, Uzbekistan. Biodiversitas 24: 467-472. Changes in plant associations of the tugai reserve of Uzbekistan (Amu Darya coast) due to climate change were considered. The state of associations represented by the xeromesophilic-mesothermal group of plants of the tugai (POTAMODENDRA), shrub (POTAMOTHAMNA) and herbaceous (POTAMOPOIA) vegetation types of the Amudarya tugai was analyzed. At the same time, ten associations were evaluated in a comparative aspect. An analysis of biodiversity within and between associations were carried out, various biodiversity indices (Shannon, Simpson, Margalef) were compared, and the sensitivity of the indices to various factors was assessed. In the tree layer, there was a significant decrease in the abundance of Populus euphratica, P. pruinosa, as well as the number of shrubs and perennial grasses. Alarming indicators of vegetation transformation have been identified using the ?- and ?-biodiversity indices. The evaluation results of vegetation in terms of biodiversity indices showed that due to the violation of the structural and functional organization, general degradation, simplification and impoverishment of the floristic composition, change of plant communities and xerophytization, significant changes occurred in the studied associations, as reflected in biodiversity indices. The results obtained will make it possible to understand the ways of formation and development of tugai vegetation, to identify the mechanisms of transformation of tugai forests on different ecological gradients (bioclimatic, hydrological, edaphic and anthropogenic), to assess the current state of tugai forests, to identify rare plant communities that need protection and to develop recommendations for their protection.
Evaluation of the growth and tolerance of maize lines under aluminum stress HERAWATI HERAWATI; MUHAMMAD RIADI; YUNUS MUSA; ROY EFENDI; MUHAMMAD AZRAI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240311

Abstract

Abstract. Herawati, Riadi M,MusaY, Efendi R, Azrai M. 2023. Evaluation of the growth and tolerance of maize lines under aluminum stress. Biodiversitas24: 1417-1430. Breeding and utilization of Al-tolerant maize are among the technological applications for preventing a decrease in the growth rate and grain yield of maize in suboptimal fields. This study aimed to determine the growth and production of maize lines under Al stress, obtain maize lines that are tolerant to Al stress, and determine Al absorption in the tested maize lines. This study comprised two steps. In the first step, maize lines were evaluated in acid soils with a pH of 5.12 and an Al saturation of around 22.13%, while the normal condition was carried out on soil with a pH of 6.60 and 0% Al saturation. The study was arranged in a randomized block with three replications. The maize lines used were 24 genotypes consisting of 20 maize lines and four elite lines as a check (Mal 03, CLYN 231, G102612, B11209). In the second step, maize lines were evaluated in the nutrient solution. This study was arranged in a split-plot design with three replications. The main plot was the concentration of Al at three levels, i.e., 0, 7, and 14 ppm. The subplot comprised seven maize lines representing sensitive, medium tolerant, and tolerant categories. They were Pop. A3-1, Pop. A7-1, CB.Pop 10-1-3-1-2-2, CB.Pop 15-4-2-1-1-1, CB.Pop 23-1-2-1-4-2, Mal 03, and G102612. These studies were conducted at the Indonesian Cereal Research Institute, Maros, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, from August 2021 to January 2022. This study showed that Al stress could reduce plant growth by around 10.84% to 50.51% and grain yield by around 62.23% compared to normal conditions. The traits that were significantly correlated with grain yield under Al stress (r>50%), which could be used in maize selection under Al stress, were the number of live plants, ear diameter, number of kernels per row, shelling percentage, SSI, crown Al absorption, and hematoxylin staining. There were two maize lines tolerant to Al stress, namely CB.Pop 11-2-3-4-2-1 and CB.Pop 15-4-2-1-1-1, with potential yields under Al stress conditions of 2.39 t ha-1and 1.59 t ha-1, respectively. Al absorption averages of roots and crowns of Al tolerant maize lines were 159.33 ppm and 36.33 ppm, respectively.
Identification of culture-dependent microbes from mangroves reveals dominance of Bacillus including medically important species based on DNA signature RANDE DECHAVEZ; MA. LYN CALUB; DONA ROSE GENOBATA; RAUL BALACUIT; REIZL JOSE; SHARON ROSE TABUGO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 10 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231044

Abstract

Abstract. Dechavez R, Calub ML, Genobata DR, Balacuit R, Jose R, Tabugo SR. 2022. Identification of culture-dependent microbes from mangroves reveals dominance of Bacillus including medically important species based on DNA signature. Biodiversitas 23: 5342-5350. Mangroves are among the most crucial plant hosts in the marine environment because of their notable role in the ecosystem and their benefits. Identification of plant-associated and culture-dependent microbes is key to having a rich reservoir of bioactive substances. DNA barcoding was done based on 16S rRNA gene and ITS region. In this study, seven (7) mangrove species were identified as hosts. Results show that most bacterial isolates from plant leaves were gram-positive bacteria belonging to phylum: Firmicutes and genus Bacillus. Phylogenetic inference reveals a diverse non-monophyletic group with medically and economically necessary species. Among the host plants, Sonneratia alba harbored the most species of bacteria and fungi. These include two medically important strains of B. cereus and B. thuringiensis and host-specific bacteria like B. altitudinis in S. alba, B. velezensis in Rhizophora apiculata, B. clausii in Avicennia marina and B. firmus in A. marina were revealed. Meanwhile, some bacteria like B. subtilis and B. megaterium were found in three host species and B. cereus was the most abundant being recorded in four host plants. Diverse strains of fungi, Aspergillus sp., A. nomiae, A. tubingensis and A. niger were also present. This study served as baseline data for future research on diversity and host ecology for possible drug discovery.
Amylase enzyme production with variation of carbon sources and molecular identification of thermophilic fungus Aspergillus sp. LBKURCC304 from Bukik Gadang, West Sumatra, Indonesia SARYONO SARYONO; SILVERA DEVI; TITANIA T. NUGROHO; WIDYLIA FITRI FADHILA; LORENA LORENITA; FIDA SELFIANA NASUTION; NABELLA SURAYA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240261

Abstract

Abstract. Saryono, Devi S, Nugroho TT, Fadhila WF, Lorenita L, Nasution FS, Suraya N. 2023. Amylase enzyme production with variation of carbon sources and molecular identification of thermophilic fungus Aspergillus sp. LBKURCC304 from Bukik Gadang, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1200-1205. Amylase is an enzyme used to hydrolyze starch into smaller molecules. Starch degradation is very difficult because of the presence of 1-4 glucoside bonds from complex polysaccharides and the presence of enzyme accommodation centers, so the production of amylase is in great demand by industry. The production of amylase is strongly influenced by carbohydrates which act as inducers to stimulate the production of enzymes. This research was conducted to determine the effect of different carbohydrate sources on the production of amylase enzyme from thermophilic fungus Aspergillussp. LBKURCC304. Different carbon sources used werecassava, corn, taro, purple sweet potato, potato, breadfruit, canna, gembili, gadung, and sago. The effect of different carbohydrate sources on enzyme production was statistically tested using Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMNRT) at a significant level of 5% and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results of molecular identification showed that carbohydrates from sago were a relatively better carbon source than other carbon sources, with an activity of 0.0391±0.0017 U/mL, anda specific activity of 0.0874±0.0049 U/mg. The highest (0.7651±0.0096 mg/mL) protein content wasrecorded from canna. Molecular identification showed that LBKURCC304 isolate was Aspergillus fumigatus.

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