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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
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Short communication: Macrofungi assemblage in Rawa Bento Forest, Kerinci Seblat National Park, Indonesia IRDA SAYUTI; ZULFARINA ZULFARINA; ZATRI RAHAYU
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240264

Abstract

Abstract. Sayuti I, Zulfarina, Rahayu Z. 2023. Short communication: Macrofungi assemblage in Rawa Bento Forest, Kerinci Seblat National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1224-1230. This study deals with macrofungi in the peat swamp forest of Rawa Bento, Kerinci Seblat National Park, Indonesia and their utilization. The forest region is dominated by banto grass or swamp rice grass (Leersia hexandra) with high humidity and rainfall which favors macrofungi growth and fruiting body formation. Furthermore, the sampling sites were chosen based on the accessibility of the area and the conditions for occurrence of macrofungi. About 36 macrofungi species were documented from 29 genera and 20 families, where 33 species belonged to Basidiomycota and only 2 species were Ascomycota. The dominant fungal group in the forest region was the Polypores and wood-inhabiting macrofungi. Eleven species were recognized as edible including Auricularia auricula-judae, Cantharellus subalbidus, Cookeina tricholoma, Dacryopinax spathularia, Galiella rufa, Ganoderma lucidum, Pleurotus cornucopiae, Pluteus fenzlii, Lentinus arcularius, Psilocybe cubensis, and Schizophyllum commune. Based on the scientific evidence, the majority of macrofungal species have medicinal properties except Pluteus fenzlii. The result provided preliminary information regarding use of macrofungi by the surrounding population, as well as knowledge development for researchers in the food and medical fields.
The impact of fishermen’s conflict on the sustainability of crab (Portunus pelagicus) resources in the coastal areas of Maros District, South Sulawesi, Indonesia Lukman Daris; Andi Nur Apung Massiseng; Mardiana Ethrawaty Fachri; Jaya Jaya; ST Zaenab
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 10 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231037

Abstract

Abstract. Daris L, Massiseng ANA, Fachry ME, Jaya, Zaenab ST. 2022. The impact of fishermen’s conflict on the sustainability of crab (Portunus pelagicus) resources in the coastal areas of Maros District, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5278-5289. Using environmentally unfriendly fishing gear causes damage to coral reefs and seagrass, which are the habitat of crabs. The prohibition on using ecologically unfriendly fishing gear, such as mini trawl, in catching crabs and shrimps in the coastal area of ??Maros District, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, has triggered horizontal conflicts between traditional fishermen from 1985 until now. This study aims to identify the types of fishing conflicts and analyze the distribution of conflict areas and the maximum fishing rate that could threaten the sustainability of crab (Portunus pelagicus) resources. This research was conducted from February to July 2022 in the coastal area of ??Maros, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The type of data is primary and secondary data. The data collection methods used in this study were observation, interviews, and Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA). The analysis data used qualitative by reducing and presenting data obtained from observations, interviews, and PRA, as well as spatial analysis and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to describe the distribution map of fishermen's conflicts. The results showed that the types of conflicts between fishermen using crab resources were agrarian conflicts, technological conflicts, and perception conflicts between fishermen using trammel nets and traps and fishermen using mini trawls. Conflicts between fishermen in resource utilization crabs occur between ??2.71-3.26 km from the coast during dark moons and 2.17-3.26 km during bright moons. Fishing conflicts have an impact on decreasing crab catches from 2015 until 2021, where the fishing effort (trip) has exceeded the sustainable fishing effort (MSY) by 690 trips/year with a total catch of 1232.3 tons/year.
Screening of indole-3-acetic acid PGPB from three agricultural systems at Nakhon Pathom, Thailand METHANEE HOMTHONG; WANPHEN KAEWPUK; SUKANYA YAMSUAN; ANUNYA THONGSIMA; KANLAYA MOKKAPAN; VACHIRAPORN PIKULTHONG
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 11 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231147

Abstract

Abstract. Homthong M, Kaewpuk W, Yamsuan S, Thongsima A, Mokkapan K, Pikulthong V. 2022. Screening of indole-3-acetic acid PGPB from three agricultural systems at Nakhon Pathom, Thailand. Biodiversitas 23: 5935-5941. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) are associated with plant roots and enhance growth via a variety of mechanisms, including fixation of atmospheric nitrogen, solubilization of phosphorus, phytohormone synthesis, and plant phenolic compound stimulation. Sixty-five isolated bacteria from the three agricultural systems in Nakhon Pathom were screened for IAA production. The results showed that seven isolates—C01-28, C02-48, C02-51, G01-34, G03-25, G03-38, and O02-46—produced IAA under L-tryptophan as a precursor at values of 9.08 ± 0.51, 68.64 ± 29.07, 40.67 ± 18.04, 10.65 ± 1.07, 63.30 ± 1.15, 37.73 ± 1.80, and 121.28 ± 15.20 mg mL-1, respectively. Capability on plant growth-promoting traits revealed that none of the isolates stimulated ten-morning glory (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk.) seedling growth, which was not significantly different from the control. Isolates O02-46 enhanced salicylic acid (SA) in ten-morning glory seedlings the most, showing 7.18 ± 1.78 µg g-1 of fresh weight, while isolates G01-34 enhanced phenolic compound (PC) production the most showing 218.18 ± 29.55 mg GAE g-1 extract, respectively. The 16S rRNA analysis revealed that isolates O02-46, C02-48, G03-25, and C02-51 were identified as similar to Paenibacillus alvei at 99.20% (Accession number AY826588.1), Bacillus megaterium at 79.91% (Accession number MH031358.1), Bacillus sp. at 98.57% (Accession number JF322976.1), and Lysinibacillus fusiformis at 99.61% (Accession number HE610782.1).
The screening of probiotic lactic acid bacteria from honey of stingless bee from West Sumatra, Indonesia and using as starter culture SRI MELIA; SALAM N. ARITONANG; INDRI JULIYARSI; YULIANTI FITRI KURNIA; RUSDIMANSYAH RUSDIMANSYAH; VIRA OKTAVIA HERNITA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 12 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231235

Abstract

Abstract. Melia S, Aritonang SN, Juliyarsi I, Kurnia YF, Rusdimansyah, Hernita VO. 2022. The screening of probiotic lactic acid bacteria from honey of stingless bee from West Sumatra, Indonesia and using as starter culture. Biodiversitas 23: 6379-6385. This study aimed to isolate probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from stingless bee honey (Galo-galo) and apply it as a starter culture. This research used stingless bee honey (Galo-galo) from west Sumatra, Indonesia. There are 6 types of honey bees, namely Tetragonula sarawakensis (TS), Tetragonula testaceitarsis (TT), Tetragonula minangkabau (MK), Tetrigona binghami (TB), Geniotrigona thoracica (TR) and Heterotrigona itama (IT). The screening of probiotics was evaluated as the LAB isolates' ability to resist acid (pH 3), bile salts (0xgall 0.5%), and antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Based on the probiotic selection, the TB1 isolate from Tetrigona binghami honey had an acid tolerance of 82.75%, bile salt tolerance of 94.44%, and the highest antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria with more excellent resistance than antibiotics. The identification with 16S rRNA showed that the TB1 bacterial isolate had 100% similarity with Lactobacillus plantarum SN13TFurthermore, starter culture inoculated with 6% L.plantarum SN13T met the starter culture parameters, with a pH of 4.7, titratable acidity of 1.46%, and lactic acid bacteria counts of 9.0 x 109 CFU/mL. L.plantarum SN13T is a candidate probiotic bacteria isolated from the stingless bee honey (Tetrigona binghami). This bacteria has the potential to be developed as a starter for fermented milk processing in the food industry.
A comparative study between biological and chemical control against domestic mosquito larvae Gacem Habiba; Khalfallah Imen; Chaouich Rabeh; Lefilef Lina
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 12 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231244

Abstract

Abstract. Habiba G, Imen K, Rabeh C, Lina L. 2022. A comparative study between biological and chemical control against domestic mosquito larvae. Biodiversitas 23: 6456-6462. Mosquitoes are the first cause of transmission of viral diseases to both humans and animals, as they can transmit some viral diseases. These insects have attracted the attention of specialists, especially in the field of control, because they have controlled their spread in urban areas. Traditionally, they have resorted only to insecticides to eliminate them, and aquatic organisms have long been used to assess the health of aquatic systems. Extensive use of pesticides in agricultural and public health programs has caused many environmental problems and toxic effects on aquatic animals, especially non-target organisms. Hence, this method has negative effects. Later, another method appeared called "biological control", which is based on natural predators. The current study aims to compare the use of biological and chemical control in eliminating mosquito larvae without causing any damage to the ecosystem. Therefore, two studies were conducted. The first is biological control by placing water mites with local mosquito larvae and measuring mite mortality, while the second study deals with chemical control. The rust solution was tested on mosquito larvae at different doses of 0.5mL/L, 2.5mL/L, and 4.5 mL/L. The results proved the effectiveness of biological control compared to chemical control. Finally, these findings will greatly contribute to both the agricultural and medical fields that infect this insect, as well as enrich the literature for future research in mosquitoes.
Variabilities of the carbon storage of mangroves in Gili Meno Lake, North Lombok District, Indonesia Sitti Hilyana; Firman Ali Rahman
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 11 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231140

Abstract

Abstract. Hilyana S, Rahman FA. 2022. Variabilities of the carbon storage of mangroves in Gili Meno Lake, North Lombok District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5862-5868. Mangrove is one of the coastal vegetation that can act as carbon mitigation (carbon sink and carbon storage). This study aims to determine the potential for carbon sinks and storage in the leaves and roots of each type of mangrove found in Gili Meno lake, North Lombok, Indonesia. The research includes the identification of species and sampling (leaves and roots) of mangroves in the research quadrant. The organic carbon content of mangrove leaves and roots was tested using the Wakley and Black method. The results showed that there were 5 (five) types of mangroves in Gili Meno lake, namely: Avicennia marina, Lumnitzera racemosa, Bruguiera cylindrica, Rhizophora apiculata, and Excoecaria agallocha. The highest leaf tissue carbon content value was R. apiculata at 45.85%C or equivalent to 3.19 g.C, while in roots, A. marina was 50.06%C, equivalent to 4.49 g.C. In addition, the potential carbon stock in the leaves of the entire mangrove ecosystem in an area of 3 ha is 762.81 tons.C±199.257 and at the roots is 659.76 tons.C±394.848, while the largest potential carbon stock in leaf organs is the type of mangrove R. apiculata, which is 318.91 tons.C.ha-1. and at the root is the type of mangrove A. marina, amounting to 448.54 tons.C.ha-1. The estimated carbon dioxide uptake by the Gili Meno mangrove leaves is in the range of 130.36 g.CO2-168.27 g.CO2 or with an average of 154.34 g.CO2±14.376, while the species with the highest carbon dioxide absorption capacity is R. apiculata (268.27 g.CO2) and the lowest in the species of L. racemosa (130.36 g.CO2).
Phytochemical, GC-MS analysis and antioxidant activities of leaf methanolic extract of Lai (Durio kutejensis), the endemic plant of Kalimantan, Indonesia HETTY MANURUNG; DWI SUSANTO; EKO KUSUMAWATI; RETNO ARYANI; RUDY A. NUGROHO; RATNA KUSUMA; ZULFIKA RAHMAWATI; RISKA D. SARI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 11 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231104

Abstract

Abstract. Manurung H, Susanto D, Kusumawati E, Aryani R, Nugroho RA, Kusuma R, Rahmawati Z, Sari RD. 2022. Phytochemical, GC-MS analysis and antioxidant activities of leaf methanolic extract of Lai (Durio kutejensis), the endemic plant of Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5587-5594. Lai (Durio kutejensis Hassk. Beck) is a fruit plant species endemic to Kalimantan, Indonesia. The leaves are traditionally used to treat several diseases. Currently, there is no scientific validation of the phytochemical content, bioactive compounds, and biological activities of leaf extracts of this plant from the East Kalimantan Province of Indonesia. So, this study aimed to determine the phytochemical compounds, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity of crude leaf methanol extract of D. kutejensis. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was performed to determine the bioactive compounds of lai leaf methanol extract. DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) was used to evaluate antioxidant activity. Screening of phytochemical compounds of the leaf methanol extract showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, saponins, and steroids. The leaf extract of lai contains total phenolic (104,55 µg GAE g-1 extract) and total flavonoid (281,41 µg QE g-1extract). The extract has weak antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 163,849 ppm. GC-MS analysis confirmed the presence of 43 identified compounds in the crude leaf methanolic extract of D. kutenjesis such as; 2-(1,1-dimethyl ethyl)-Phenol; 4-(3-hydroxy-1-propenyl)-2-methoxy-Phenol (Coniferyl alcohol); E7-Decenylacetate; Octadecanoic acid (Stearic acid); 1,3,6-Octatriene, 3,7-dimethyl-, (Z)-; Palmitaldehyde, diisopentyl acetal; Ledol; Estran-3-one, 17-(acetyloxy)-2-methyl-, (2.alpha.,5.alpha.,17.beta.)-. This study revealed that the leaf methanol extract of D. kutejensis is a good resource of many bioactive compounds that justifies the traditional usage of this species.
The potency of wild mango Mangifera magnifica as a new source of antidiabetic agents with concurrent antioxidant activity FITMAWATI FITMAWATI; RODESIA MUSTIKA ROZA; EMRIZAL EMRIZAL; ERWINA JULIANTARI; MUHAMMAD ALMURDANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 10 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231023

Abstract

Abstract. Fitmawati, Roza RM, Emrizal, Juliantari E, Almurdani M. 2022. The potency of wild mango Mangifera magnifica as a new source of antidiabetic agents with concurrent antioxidant activity. Biodiversitas 23: 5159-5164. Diabetes mellitus has entered the top 10 causes of death, following a significant percentage increase of 70% since 2000. Researchers have been working on a new practical design of ?-glucosidase inhibitor from plant resources that can be used as a therapeutic agent for diabetes mellitus. By inhibiting ?-glucosidase, the digestion of carbohydrates slows down, which helps prevent hyperglycemia. In our preliminary study, M. magnifica is a neglected wild mango shown to have high levels of antioxidant activity. We conducted a study on the wild mango species M. magnifica as an ?-glucosidase enzyme inhibitor. Antioxidant activities were carried out by the method of radical reduction 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Total phenolic content (TPC) was calculated by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and total flavonoid content (TFC) was calculated by colorimetric method. The antidiabetic activity was carried out by in vitro ?-glucosidase biochemical test. The methanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction have high antioxidant activity and the strongest inhibitory ?-glucosidase activity. M. magnifica leaves are a new source of antihyperglycemic agents with concurrent antioxidant activity. The research results will provide new information to support conservation efforts whose status is already rare while maintaining and improving the quality of value and diversity.
Ethnobiological study of Hare, a traditional food in the Parmalim community, North Sumatra, Indonesia HANIFAH MUTIA ZAIDA NINGRUM AMRUL; NURSAHARA PASARIBU; R. HAMDANI HARAHAP; T. ALIEF ATHTHORICK
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 11 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231165

Abstract

Abstract. Amrul HMZN, Pasaribu N, Harahap RH, Aththorick TA. 2022. Ethnobiological study of Hare, a traditional food in the Parmalim community, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 6082-6088. Indonesia has a variety of traditional foods that come from different social and cultural communities. One of the tribes in North Sumatra is the Batak. In the Toba Batak community, there is a belief or religion system called Parmalim. The Parmalim community is one of the indigenous faiths in Batak, which has grown and developed over time and is embraced by the Batak. The existence of traditional food known as Hare is one of the community's traditions. The purpose of this study is to describe how Hare was made, the ingredients included, and the nature of the benefits through an ethnobotanical study. The traditional botanical knowledge was traced through a series of field observations and semi-structured interviews with eight respondents from the religious officials and experts in Parmalim using a purposive sampling technique. Based on the interviews, Hare was prepared from herbs, honey, buffalo milk, and chicken eggs. The total ingredients used in making hare were 16 ingredients consisting of 13 species of plants and three species of animals. Hare is prepared from cultivated plants such as Cocos nucifera, Citrullus lanatus, Cucumis sativus, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Musa acuminata, Oryza sativa, Kaempferia galanga, and Curcuma domestica Valeton) and wild plants such as Saurauia bracteosa, Neptunia oleracea, Desmodium adscendens, Hibiscus mutabilis, and Chrysophyllum roxburghii. At first, hare is thought to be a nutritious diet and a pregnancy stimulant for young pregnant women. Recently, the traditional dish must be preserved, one of which is by promoting this dish on the cultural and formal agenda at Toba District, North Sumatra.
Identification of the root-knot nematode species associated with Carica papaya Stella Nostra Gracia Plena; Siwi Indarti; Ani Widiastuti; Nugroho Susetya Putra
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 12 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231216

Abstract

Abstract. Plena SNG, Indarti S, Widiastuti A, Putra NS. 2022. Identification of the root-knot nematode species associated with Carica papaya.Biodiversitas 23: 6212-6217. Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are important economic pests causing low production and yield losses in horticultural crops. Meloidogyne spp. is widespread and regarded as a major pest since they are found all over the world in a variety of geographic locations, most frequently found in tropical and subtropical climate zones. They are obligate parasites that feed on various plants, including papaya and other horticultural plants. They are root-galling in host plants. Many species of root-knot nematodes may be found in a suitable environment. Therefore, accurate identification of the root-knot nematode species in papaya plants is important for developing and applying control and management measures. Surveys and sampling of nematodes on papaya plants were performed at the Agrotechnology Innovation Center, Universitas Gadjah Mada, the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia, and its surroundings. Identification was performed both morphologically (based on the perineal pattern of female nematodes) and molecularly (using root-knot nematode species-specific primers). The results revealed that the species of root-knot nematode associated with papaya plants was Meloidogyne javanica based on the perineal pattern of female nematodes, specifically the lateral lines. This finding was also supported by the results of the DNA amplification at 670-bp product using specific primers for M. javanica (FJav/RJav). Consequently, plant protection efforts will need to focus on minimizing M. javanica damage in papaya cultivation.

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