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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
 423   424   425   426   427 
Evaluating the sustainability of forest utilization in the protected areas of Mandalagiri Forest, West Java, Indonesia FAIZAL MUTAQIN; DODIK RIDHO NURROCHMAT; BAMBANG SUPRIYANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 5 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240528

Abstract

Abstract. Mutaqin F, Nurrochmat DR, Supriyanto B. 2023. Evaluating the sustainability of forest utilization in the protected areas of Mandalagiri Forest, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2745-2755. Forests have tangible and intangible benefits, which can be included accordingly in vital sectors for development. Currently, forest management mainly focuses on timber extraction while paying less attention to Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) and environmental services. It causes timber production to decrease yearly and a decline in the forestry sector's contribution to the state's income. The Forest area covers more than 60% of the Indonesian land surface, but the sector's contribution to the national Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2022 was only 0.6%. It implies that there is a need for more efforts to increase the productivity of the forestry sector and its contribution to the national economy. One of the institutions that have the potential to optimize the utilization of forest areas is the Mandalagiri Forest Management Resort, West Java, Indonesia. Cultivated commodities come from NTFPs (pine gum and coffee) as the primary commodities. This area's management applies a social forestry system by cooperating with the community. These ongoing activities have not been able to significantly contribute to the regional stakeholders (government) or the community. Therefore, this study aimed to create an efficient concept of optimal forest utilization in running a business and managing social problems and describes the results of identifying enabling factors to encourage the application of multi-business forestry in protected areas. The feasibility of sustainable forest utilization was measured through an analysis of social acceptance, financial analysis (Net Present Value, Benefit-Cost Ratio, and Internal Rate of Return), and an analysis of the ecological feasibility of the model that has been built. The research ended with identifying enabling factors from a policy, social and environmental perspective. This study concluded that forestry multi-business could be carried out in this location because it can potentially restore biophysical conditions and support forest and land rehabilitation efforts. In addition, various selected plant species can contribute to strengthening the soil, reducing the rate of surface water run-off, and enriching the crop. Financially, the forest multi-businesses are feasible to apply with NPV>0, BCR>1, and IRR>I. Ecologically, these schemes can reinforce biophysical conditions.
The relationship between vector insect populations, natural enemies, and disease incidence of tungro virus during wet and dry seasons RUDI TOMSON HUTASOIT; MUHAMMAD JIHAD; LISTIHANI LISTIHANI; DEWA GEDE WIRYANGGA SELANGGA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 7 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240737

Abstract

Abstract. Hutasoit RT, Jihad M, Listihani L, Selangga DGW. 2023. The relationship between vector insect populations, natural enemies, and disease incidence of tungro virus during wet and dry seasons. Biodiversitas 24: 4001-4007. Tungro virus is one of the most prevalent viruses affecting rice plants. The tungro virus is frequently found in rice plantations because its green planthopper vector is always present. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the population density of green planthoppers and its natural enemies with the incidence of tungro disease during the rainy and dry seasons in Lanrang, Sidenreng Rappang, South Sulawesi. The research method employed was field monitoring of the population density of green planthoppers, natural enemies, and the incidence of tungro disease. The presence of the tungro virus was confirmed by the molecular method using RTSV and RTBV-specific primers. The results showed three types of tungro vector insects: Nephotettix virescens, Nephotettix nigropictus, and Recilia dorsalis. Nephotettix virescens was the dominant vector insect, with the highest population in March and August of 101 and 51 individuals, respectively. During the dry season, the high population of the three vector insects in August was followed by a high incidence of tungro disease in September, reaching 29.38%. Symptoms of yellow leaves have been confirmed by molecular methods, which indicated that the infection was caused by RTSV and RTBV, as evidenced by the amplification of DNA bands measuring 787 bp and 1400 bp. Data on the population of vector insects and the incidence of tungro disease indicated the importance of determining the ideal time to plant to avoid the plant's susceptible phase during the peak vector population between March and August. The dominant natural enemies found during the observations included Araneus inustus, Tetragnatha maxillosa, Agriocnemis pygmaea, and Menochilus sexmaculatus. Increasing the population of natural enemies could suppress the population of vector insects.
Variability of kernel morphological and flour physicochemical properties in tropical dent corn hybrids BARIZA KHOIRUL HUMAM; WILLY BAYUARDI SUWARNO; MUHAMMAD AZRAI; ANDI TAKDIR MAKKULAWU; ROY EFENDI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240332

Abstract

Abstract. Humam BK, Suwarno WB, Azrai M, Makkulawu AT, Efendi R. 2023. Variability of kernel morphological and flour physicochemical properties in tropical dent corn hybrids. Biodiversitas 24: 1600-1609. Corn is an important crop worldwide for food, feed, and industry. The aims of this study were to study kernel morphological and corn flour physicochemical properties and hybrids selection according to nutritional values for food industries. Plant materials were 15 test hybrids and four check varieties, namely RK457, RK57, BISI18, and NASA29. Kernel morphological and corn flour physicochemical variations are influenced by kernel type. All dent hybrids had 40/0 mesh corn flour yielded significantly higher compared to NASA29. °Dent scores were negatively correlated to 40/0 mesh corn flour yields. The total and soluble carbohydrates of dent corn flour hybrids are significantly higher compared to semi-dent and semi-flint corn flour hybrids. According to corn flour nutritional values in polygon GT biplot analysis, dent hybrids had relatively high starch, total carbohydrate, and soluble carbohydrate contents. Semi-dent hybrids had relatively high moisture, crude protein, and total ash contents. Semi-flint hybrid had relatively high crude fat and crude fiber contents. Cluster-2 was dominated by dent hybrids according to the fuzzy clustering method and selected as potential hybrids. MSM53 was the female parent of dent hybrids in cluster-2. Potential hybrids could be evaluated further by corn flour functional properties analysis.
Temporal variation of freshwater as control of mangrove in Banyuasin Estuary, South Sumatra, Indonesia HERON SURBAKTI; I WAYAN NURJAYA; DIETRIECH G BENGEN; TRI PRARTONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240320

Abstract

Abstract. Surbakti H, Nurjaya IW, Bengen DG, Prartono T. 2023. Temporal variation of freshwater as control of mangrove in Banyuasin Estuary, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1502-1510. The Banyuasin Estuary receives much freshwater, which transports low-salinity water from upstream to the sea through the rivers that flow along the area. The interaction between the freshwater mass from the river and the highly saline seawater mass moving toward the estuary will affect the condition of the mangroves in the region. This study aims to estimate the freshwater runoff from the two main rivers (Musi River and Banyuasin River) into the Banyuasin Estuary in different seasons, at high and low tides, and their impact on the mangroves present in both estuaries. The interaction between the freshwater and seawater masses can be explained using the freshwater fraction and transect methods used for mangrove zonation analysis. This research focuses on the mouth of the Musi River and the Banyuasin River. The present study showed the influence of freshwater fraction at the mouth of the Musi River is very strong in all seasons, dominated by oligohaline and mesohaline conditions. In contrast, the mouth of the Banyuasin River is dominated by mesohaline and polyhaline conditions. Altogether, ten species of mangroves have been found in the Banyuasin Estuary. Of which, low saline tolerant species, namely Nypa fruticans and Sonneratia caseolaris, are predominant, whereas salt tolerant species, namely Avicennia marina, are predominant in the mouth of the Banyuasin River.
The cloning and expression of the two types of kisspeptin gene in hard-lipped barb (Osteochilus vittatus) NORMAN ARIE PRAYOGO; SAFITRI CITRA RAHAYU; PUTRI PRAHASTUTI AYU SUGITO; SRI BAYUN MEYANADEWI; PURNAMA SUKARDI; RITA EKA ROSITA; YASUMASA BESSHO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 5 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240533

Abstract

Abstract. Prayogo NA, Rahayu SC, Sugito PPA, Meyanadewi SB, Sukardi P, Rositas RE, Bessho Y. 2023. The cloning and expression of the two types of kisspeptin gene in hard-lipped barb (Osteochilus vittatus). Biodiversitas 24: 2797-2804. Hard-lipped barb (Osteochillus vittatus Valenciennes, 1842) is a native Indonesian species with many benefits for economic, aquaculture, and environmental sustainability. Several studies showed that the species had high reproductive potential, with kisspeptin gene playing a role in reproductive hormone production and GnRH secretion. Kisspetin gene is also important for gonad maturation in fish. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the structure of Kiss-1 and Kiss-2 genes, as well as the expression of the kisspeptin gene in the hypothalamus and gonads in each phase of female hard-lipped barb development.The study procedure involved several stages, including organ preparation, isolation, sequence identification, and measurement of cGnRH gene expression. The structure of Kiss-1 gene in hard-lipped barb was obtained, and the nucleotide sequence had a product length of 213, coding for 89 amino acids. Meanwhile, Kiss-2 consisted of 230 nucleotides, coding for 76 amino acids, and the sequences observed had 70-80% with other fish species. The results showed that the expression values of Kiss-1 and Kiss-2 genes in the hypothalamus were higher compared to the gonads, with the lowest in the adult phase and the highest in the Juvenile phase. This information will lead us to use the kisspeptin gene to increase hard-lipped barb reproduction.
Seasonal litter production patterns in three tropical forests in Sulawesi, Indonesia: Implications for managing secondary forests PUTU SUPADMA PUTRA; AMRAN ACHMAD; TOSHIHIRO YAMADA; PUTU OKA NGAKAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240222

Abstract

Abstract. Putra PS, Achmad A, Yamada T, Ngakan PO. 2023. Seasonal litter production patterns in three tropical forests in Sulawesi, Indonesia: Implications for managing secondary forests. Biodiversitas 24: 852-860. We studied the seasonal patterns of litter production in three tropical forests (Karst, Lowland, and Pine) on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi and measured environmental factors related to litter production from June 2019 to May 2020. Permanent plots of 0.4 ha to 1.0 ha were established in each forest to analyze forest structure and species composition. Thirty-six traps with a surface area of 1 m2 were installed to collect litterfall. The results showed the highest species diversity in the Karst forest, the highest tree density in the Lowland forest, and the largest basal area in the Pine forest. The most excellent litter production was in the Lowland forest (1,607.21 g/m2/year), followed by the Pine forest (1,288.24 g/m2/year) and Karst forest (1,099.83 g/m2/year). Litter production was more significant in the dry season in Karst and Pine forests, but there was no inter-seasonal difference in Lowland forest. Rainfall was the only environmental factor that differed between seasons. Differences in phenological adaptation between pioneer and climax species that comprise each forest likely account for the observed differences in litter production patterns.
Habitat use of proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus) in production forests of West Kalimantan, Indonesia WARDATUTTHOYYIBAH WARDATUTTHOYYIBAH; SATYAWAN PUDYATMOKO; MUHAMMAD ALI IMRON; SENA ADI SUBRATA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240346

Abstract

Abstract. Wardatutthoyyibah, Pudyatmoko S, Imron MA, Subrata SA. 2023. Habitat use of proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus) in production forests of West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1724-1734. Proboscis monkeys (Nasalis larvatus van Wurmb 1787) are endemic to Borneo and dependent on the presence ofwetlandforest as their habitat. Recent study shows that many potential habitats of this species are in non-protected areas including logging concessions. We investigate the use of logging concessions for the habitat of proboscis monkeys by determining habitat variables that influence the presence of proboscis monkeys in a selective logging system. We conducted research in seven logged-over areas/LOA during 2009-2015 and eight locations of unlogged forest as proboscis monkey habitat. We applied a logistic regression with the backward stepwise method for selecting environmental variables that influence the presence of proboscis monkeys. Our study showed that proboscis monkeys are no longer present in LOAs, which was indicated by the difference between the habitat characteristics of proboscis monkeys and LOAs. We found that if prosboscis monkeys are presentin an area, resource selection was influenced at site level for basal area of trees and poles explained the presence of proboscis monkeys. Reducing the number of trees logged and ensuring connectivity among trees in LOAs could help to reestablish habitat for proboscis monkeys.
Diversity of aquatic plants in the Rote Dead Sea area, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, based on rbcL marker DESY WULANSARI LONTHOR; MIFTAHUDIN MIFTAHUDIN; KAYAT KAYAT; ATRIYON JULZARIKA; LUKI SUBEHI; ELISA ISWANDONO; ALFRED O. M DIMA; AAN DIANTO; FAJAR SETIAWAN; MEDIA FITRI ISMA NUGRAHA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240217

Abstract

Abstract. Lonthor DW, Miftahudin, Kayat, Julzarika A, Subehi L, Iswandono E, Dima AOM, Dianto A, Setiawan F, Nugraha MFI. 2023. Diversity of aquatic plants in the Rote Dead Sea area, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, based on rbcL marker. Biodiversitas 24: 810-818. The Rote Dead Sea area in Rote Islands has two freshwater and 24 saltwater lakes. The saltwater lakes have salinity levels varied between 0-100 ppt. Every lake has specific aquatic plant species. Species identification through morphological analysis only has its limitations; therefore, DNA barcoding is a preference due to an effective, accurate, and faster method for species identification. In this study, we used the rbcL marker to identify and analyze the diversity of the aquatic plant species in lakes Ledulu, Oenduy, Oemasapoka, Oesotimori, and Landu Leko. Plants samples' DNA was amplified using rbcL primers, and the amplicons were sequenced. Species identification was based on morphological study and the rbcL sequence database. Diversity analyses were performed based on pairwise genetic distances, analysis of molecular variance, and genetic relationships based on the Kimura 2 parameter. The results showed that all 20 aquatic plants were correctly identified, and high genetic diversity was discovered. AMOVA analysis showed that genetic variations within the population were higher than among the population. All plant species were grouped into four groups based on the phylogenetic tree and fractional component analyses. The species belonging to the certain family were grouped in the same clade and the closely related plant families. The rbcL marker can be used to discriminate aquatic plant species and analyze their genetic diversity and relationships.
Short Communication: The potential of soil microbes in the three kerangas forest ecosystems on Belitung Island, Indonesia DINA OKTAVIA; SANTI DWI PRATIWI; DESTY PRATIWI; NADIA NURANIYA KAMALUDIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240366

Abstract

Abstract. Oktavia D, Pratiwi SD, Pratiwi D, Kamaludin NN. 2023. Short Communication: The potential of soil microbes in the three kerangas forest ecosystems on Belitung Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1895-1899. The biogeochemical cycles on Earth are governed by living creatures, therefore the composition and activity of microbial communities are important ecological issues. In this study, we investigated the abundance of soil microbes randomly existing from the three types of kerangas forest ecosystems (Bukit Peramun, Cendil Kerangas Forest, and Gunung Lumut) in Belitung Island which belongs to the Geosites of Belitong UNESCO Global Geopark. In comparison to the Bukit Peramun and Hutan Cendil habitats, the populations of bacteria and fungus in the Gunung Lumut were greater at 3.11 x 1010 and 1.14 x 105 cfu g-1, respectively. In Gunung Lumut, there was a comparatively high population of soil bacteria. Gunung Lumut is a site where a variety of mosses have taken over and are overpowered by the terrain due to its high humidity and weathered rocks. Generally, under various conditions, a specific function is more likely to be carried out by soils with higher microbial populations. Understanding soil health and agricultural productivity depends on an understanding of the presence of soil bacteria in various types of kerangas forests. Our study aids the Geosites of the Belitong UNESCO World Geopark in ensuring a long-term sustainable ecosystem.
A new strain of bacteria isolated from chemically saturated corn rhizosphere under the dominance of the mineral kaolinite SUKMAWATI SUKMAWATI; IRADHATULLAH RAHIM; HARSANI HARSANI; ASWAR SYAFNUR; YADI ARODHISKARA; AHMAD SELAO; LUKI FATHIA NURUL ANISA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240365

Abstract

Abstract. Sukmawati, Rahim I, Harsani, Syafnur A, Arodhiskara Y, Selao A, Anisa LFN. 2023. A new strain of bacteria isolated from chemically saturated corn rhizosphere under the dominance of the mineral kaolinite. Biodiversitas 24: 1886-1894. The kaolinite mineral that dominates the cornfield reduces soil fertility and the bacterial community. The discovery of adaptive bacterial strains on kaolinite dominant land is a biological strategy to improve soil fertility because it is part of the root ecosystem. This study aims to obtain adaptive and superior bacteria in producing IAA hormones and fixing nitrogen. The soil analysis method uses X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis to characterize clay minerals and soil chemical content. While the bacterial characterization was carried out morphologically and physiologically. After that, followed by the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The type of kaolinite clay mineral dominates the soil samples with a SiO2 content of >40%. A total of 17 bacterial isolates were purified, 12 had round colony shapes, and 5 had irregular shapes dominated by cream color, 11 of which were identified as Gram-positive and 6 Gram-negative bacteria. RJ1T isolates/isolated produced the highest auxin (0.141 mgL-1), while RJ1P isolates/isolated had the highest nitrogen fixation ability (0.975%) and were not pathogenic. The isolates were closely related to the Nocardioides marinisabuli strain RA2816S ribosomal RNA gene (99.57%). Thus, RJ1PI bacterial isolate is an adaptive bacteria that can be formulated as a biological agent to increase maize productivity in the dry land.

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