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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Morphological, phytochemical, and molecular profiling of bamboo species (Bambuseae) growing in various ecosystems of Cagayan Province, Luzon, Philippines JEFF M. OPEÑA; REYMELYN A. BUMANGLAG; VENZ MAR T. CABANG
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 8 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240816

Abstract

Abstract. Opeña JM, Bumanglag RA, Cabang VMT. 2023. Morphological, phytochemical, and molecular profiling of bamboo species (Bambuseae) growing in various ecosystems of Cagayan Province, Luzon, Philippines. Biodiversitas 24: 4342-4358. The characterization of bamboo species posed advantages to the bamboo industry’s development in the Philippines. This study aimed to provide baseline information on the environmental and biological profiles of bamboo species in Cagayan Province, Philippines. Study sites were visited for bamboo morphological characterization using character states. Leaves were collected for qualitative phytochemical screening of 10 secondary metabolites and DNA sequencing using the rbcL plastid gene. The 28 accessions of Bambusa, Dendrocalamus, Dinochloa, Gigantochloa, Guadua, Melocanna, Phyllostachys, Schizostachyum, and Thyrsostachys were characterized and these bamboos were growing in forests, coastal or sparsely vegetated lands, urban, freshwater, grasslands, and agricultural ecosystems. Bamboo species distinctiveness’ was described through identification keys on growth habit, culm internode, nodal structure, young shoot, and flowering incidence. The bamboos contain coumarins, saponins, steroids, and terpenoids, while quinones are absent. DNA sequencing using rbcL was effective in the identification of Bambusa vulgaris species and unknown bamboo at the species level. Dendrocalamus, Guadua, Melocanna, and Schizostachyum species were successfully identified by rbcL at the genus level. Most of the species were identified as Dendrocalamus species with rbcL. The findings provide valuable information on species identification and certification for asexual propagation, genetic conservation, phytochemical extraction, and utilization for health.
Genetic diversity of wedgefishes and guitarfishes at landing sites in east Indonesia using Cytochrome Subunit I (COI) MARYROSE EASTER TAPILATU; DIAH PERMATA WIJAYANTI; SUBAGIYO SUBAGIYO; ANDRIANUS SEMBIRING; NI LUH ASTRIA YUSMALINDA; ENEX YUNIARTI NINGSIH; MUHAMMAD DANIE AL MALIK; NI PUTU DIAN PERTIWI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 6 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240604

Abstract

Abstract. Tapilatu ME, Wijayanti DP, Subagiyo, Sembiring A, Yusmalinda NLA, NIngsih EY, Malik MDA, Pertiwi NPD. 2023. Genetic diversity of wedgefishes and guitarfishes at landing sites in east Indonesia using Cytochrome Subunit I (COI). Biodiversitas 24: 3120-3127. Wedgefish and guitarfish are considered endangered and protected by law in Indonesia due to pressure from overexploitation. They are highly exploited because of their economic value. This condition impacts the decline in the number of populations to the value of genetic diversity. This study used mitochondrial DNA to assess the genetic diversity of wedgefishes and guitarfishes which landed in the eastern part of Indonesia. We found Rhynchobatus australiae (Whitley, 1939) to be the most common species (14 out of 26 sequenced samples), with Glaucostegus typus (Bennett, 1830) and Rhinobatos jimbaranensis (Last, White, & Fahmi, 2006) appearing infrequently. COI sequences were obtained from the NCBI database and utilized in the study to compare population differentiation. Among the R. australiae populations, the results showed that the genetic diversity (Hd) values from Papua, Bali, and Lombok were 1.00, 0.67, and 0.75, respectively. In Papua, G.typus populations showed genetic diversity values of 0.90. R. jimbaranensis from Bali showed a genetic diversity of 0.50. Papua populations indicated higher genetic diversity than Bali and Lombok populations. Furthermore, the analyses of pairwise FST values and AMOVA indicated moderate genetic divergence across reference populations of R. australiae and G. typus in this study. Based on this value, a cautious conservation strategy in optimizing fisheries management will be required to limit anthropogenic impacts.
Bioassay-guided isolation of the antioxidant constituent from Kaempferia rotunda L. DYAH ARYANTINI; PUJI ASTUTI; NUNUNG YUNIARTI; SUBAGUS WAHYUONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 6 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240665

Abstract

Abstract. Aryantini D, Astuti P, Yuniarti N, Wahyuono S. 2023. Bioassay-guided isolation of the antioxidant constituent from Kaempferia rotunda L. Biodiversitas 24: 3641-3648. Kaempferia rotunda L. contains various phytochemical compounds with various biological activities and has been widely utilized in traditional medicine. This research focused on exploring bioactive compounds in the ethanol extract of Kaempferia rotunda using radical scavenging (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) bioassay-guided isolation. Initially, the powdered material of K. rotunda was macerated with 70% ethanol and filtered, and the filtrate was evaporated in vacuo to make concentrated ethanol extract. The concentrated ethanol extract was then triturated gradually with increasing polarity of solvents (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol) to give n-hexane (HSF), ethyl acetate (EASF), ethanol (ESF), and residue (ISF) fractions. Each fraction was tested by DPPH bioassay with quercetin as the positive control to determine the active fraction. The active fraction (ESF) was further fractionated by Vacuum Liquid Chromatography (VLC) using a mobile gradient phase starting from ethyl acetate 100%, acetone 100%, and methanol 100% tomake3 sub-fractions (F1, F2, F3),respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging bioassay showed that F1 was the most active, containing bioactive compound detected by TLC visualized by DPPH. Based on spectroscopic and literature data comparison, this compound was isolated, purified, and identified ascrotepoxide. Crotepoxide displayed IC50of 38.91±0.59 (ABTS), 47.45±0.60 (DPPH),and 26.74±1.23 (FRAP) µg/mL.
Assessment of the current state of rangelands in Karakalpak Ustyurt, Uzbekistan NODIRA K. RAKHIMOVA; TASHKHANIM RAKHIMOVA; KHABIBULLO F. SHOMURODOV; BEKHZOD А. ADILOV; VASILA K. SHARIPOVA; UMIDA SH. SAITJANOVA; BEKHRUZ SH. KHABIBULLAEV; JASUR S. SADINOV; FARRUKH I. POLVONOV; AZAMAT T. SULTAMURATOV
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 7 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240722

Abstract

Abstract. Rakhimova NK, Rakhimova T, Shomurodov KhF, Adilov BA, Sharipova VK, Saitjanova USh, Khabibullaev BSh, Sadinov JS, Polvonov FI, Sultamuratov AT. 2023. Assessment of the current state of rangelands in Karakalpak Ustyurt, Uzbekistan. Biodiversitas 24: 3835-3843. Assessing the current state of rangelands common in the territory of Karakalpak Ustyurt, Uzbekistan is of great importance in connection with intense land degradation and climate change. The article is devoted to study the main attributes and indicators for qualitative and quantitative assessment of rangelands including the current state of vegetation, soil cover and use of fodder resources. The studied types of rangelands are common on gray-brown desert soils, takyrs, and salt marshes, characterized by high gypsum content. Rangeland vegetation of Ustyurt, composed mainly of Artemisia terrae-albae Krasch., Anabasis salsa (Ledeb.) Benth. ex Volkens, Xylosalsola arbuscula (Pall.) Tzvelev, Salsola arbusculiformis Drobow, Caroxylon orientale (S.G. Gmel.) Tzvelev, ephemera, and other plant species, is the main fodder source for Karakul sheep and camels. The nutritional value of rangeland varieties is quite high in spring, it is characterized by an increased content of digestible protein in this period and decreases towards autumn, while the above-ground yield of species reaches its maximum growth. Autumn and winter-spring precipitation play the main role in the fodder productivity of rangelands. The productivity of rangelands depends on the favorable climatic conditions of the year, if more precipitation falls, the year will be more favorable for the growth and development of plants.
Potential of endophytic yeasts as biocontrol of Phytophthora capsici, causative agent of foot rot disease on black pepper DIAN SAFITRI; SURYO WIYONO; ENDANG DWI PURBAJANTI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 11 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241102

Abstract

Abstract. Safitri D, Wiyono S, Purbajanti ED. 2023. Potential of endophytic yeasts as biocontrol of Phytophthora capsici, causative agent of foot rot disease on black pepper. Biodiversitas 24: 5847-5853. Phytophthora capsici is the main pathogen of foot rot disease of black pepper. This disease contributes to a significant decrease in black pepper productivity. Conventional disease management strategies usually require the use of chemical pesticides, which can have harmful environmental and human health consequences. Introducing biological agents such as endophytic yeasts for controlling foot rot disease has minimal effect on human health and is sustainable. One technique to control foot rot disease is to use biological agents such as endophytic yeasts. The aim of this research was to find yeast against Phytophthora capsici. The methods used included (i) study development and identification of endophytic yeast and (ii) in vitro and in vivo antagonism screening of yeast against P. capsici. The results showed that 49 endophytic yeasts were isolated from the leaves, fruits and roots of three black pepper lines. Five isolates had selected based on the highest antibiosis in antagonism test by in vitro: END6, END21, END66, END87, and END14. Isolate END87 had a mycelium inhibition rate of 64.55%, and a low level of inhibition was found in isolate 21, which had a mycelium size of 42.81%. The molecular characterization based on the sequence partial of NL1 and NL4. Moreover, 5 isolates of endophytic yeast (END6, END21, END66, END87, and END14) were identified as Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Hannaella oryzae, Cryptococcus tephrensis.
Evaluation of nutritive values of various non-conventional protein sources as potential feed ingredients for ruminants SAMADI SAMADI; SITTI WAJIZAH; SAID MIRZA PRATAMA; ANURAGA JAYANEGARA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 7 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240745

Abstract

Abstract. Samadi, Wajizah S, Pratama SM, Jayanegara A. 2023. Evaluation of nutritive values of various non-conventional protein sources as potential feed ingredients for ruminants. Biodiversitas 24: 4069-4078. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nutritive values of various non-conventional protein sources as potential ingredients for ruminants, including chemical composition, in vitro digestibility, rumen fermentation, and methane emissions. Seven various non-conventional protein sources; grasshopper meal (GM), earthworm meal (EWM), fish by-product meal (FbPM), centipede meal (CM), snail meal (SM), ant eggs meal (AEM), mealworm meal (MWM) and one conventional protein source; soybean meal (SBM) were used in this study. All samples were dried at the temperature of 60oC for 24h and ground by the use of a hammer mill to pass a 1 mm sieve. The ground samples were utilized for further analysis, including chemical composition, in vitro digestibility, rumen fermentation, and methane emissions. Incubation was conducted with three replications in the water bath and temperature was maintained at 39ºC for 48h. All data were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 16 and the difference between treatments was stated (P<0.05). The results of the study indicated that all the samples contained various CP. The NDICP and ADICP in samples were low. All samples had high IVDMD and IVOMD, the highest in FbPM (P<0.01). Methane emission of the samples was lower than SBM (P<0.01).
Distribution and biodegradation analysis of polyvinyl chloride microplastic by indigenous bacteria isolated from Supit Urang Landfill, Malang, Indonesia KENNIS ROZANA; SITORESMI PRABANINGTYAS; DIMAS RICKO WIDYATAMA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 7 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240724

Abstract

Abstract. Rozana K, Prabaningtyas S, Widyatama DR. 2023. Distribution and biodegradation analysis of polyvinyl chloride microplastic by indigenous bacteria isolated from Supit Urang Landfill, Malang, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 3853-3859. Microplastic waste is one of the most common forms of environmental pollution. Indonesia is the world's fourth largest contributor of plastic waste. One type of plastic that accumulates in the environment is Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC). Various attempts or methods have been developed to reduce PVC plastic waste, one of which is with the help of using indigenous bacteria. This research is essential in determining the best optimization method for PVC biodegradation agents through molecular and bioinformatic approaches. Indigenous bacteria were isolated from Supit Urang Landfill, Malang City, with three dilution levels (10-4, 10-5, and 10-6). The three highest isolates were taken for further biodegradation tests for 30 days and were identified based on the 16S rRNA gene. Then, the BLAST results were made into a phylogenetic tree to determine the kinship of each species. The isolation results obtained 17 bacterial isolates, selected by initial biodegradation screening for 10 days. Isolate K4 has a degradation percentage of 1.61±0.007379%. While isolates K4 and K15 have a biodegradation potential of 3.04±0.001861%. and 1.90±0.005576%. The BLAST results showed that K4 isolate had a 99% similarity to Staphylococcus capitis, K14 had a 99% similarity to Bacillus subtilis, and K15 had a 100% similarity to Acinetobacter pittii.
Chromosome number of three Bambusa species (Poaceae) in northeastern communities of Thailand PIYAPORN SAENSOUK; SURAPON SAENSOUK; SUMRUAY SUDCHALEAW; SARAWOOD SUNGKAEW
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 8 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240857

Abstract

Abstract. Saensouk P, Saensouk S, Sudchaleaw S, Sungkaew S. 2023. Chromosome number of three Bambusa species (Poaceae) in northeastern communities of Thailand. Biodiversitas 24: 4544-4547. Bambusa is a genus within subfamily Bambusoideae, family Poaceae. This study aimed to conduct the chromosome numbers of three Bambusa species in the northeastern Communities of Thailand. All three Bambusa species were studied with somatic chromosome numbers from root tips by squash methods. The somatic chromosome numbers, ploidy, and chromosome size in length from the root tips of three Bambusa species are provided. The somatic chromosome numbers range from 2n = 56 to 2n = 72. Bambusa bambos (L.) Voss was reported as 2n = 56 with high ploidy (heptaploid or 7x), B. burmanica Gamble was reported to be 2n = 72 with high ploidy (nonaploid or 9x), and B. tuldoides Munro was investigated to be 2n = 64 with high ploidy (octaploid or 8x). The basic chromosome number of three Bambusa species studied was x=8. The chromosome numbers of B. burmanica was studied for the first time. The chromosome length of all species was very short between 0.80 µm in B. burmanica and 1.30 µm in B. bambos.
Changes in density level and mangrove land cover on Teluk Pandan Coast, Lampung, Indonesia, after 10 years of community-based management QADAR HASANI; AYU ANISA; ABDULLAH AMAN DAMAI; DARMA YULIANA; INDRA GUMAY YUDHA; DAVID JULIAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 7 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240710

Abstract

Abstract. Hasani Q, Anisa A, Damai AA, Yuliana D, Yudha IG, Julian D. 2023. Changes in density level and mangrove land cover on Teluk Pandan Coast, Lampung, Indonesia, after 10 years of community-based management. Biodiversitas 24: 3735-3742. The mangrove ecosystem in the Teluk Pandan coastal area, Pesawaran District, Lampung Province, Indonesia, is part of the mega-biodiversity of mangroves in Indonesia. Specifically, the mangrove in this region has changed due to tourism, aquaculture, settlement activities and coastal abrasion. This study aimed to assess the changes in density level and area change of the mangrove forests at five coastal villages in Teluk Pandan during the period of community management from 2010 to 2020. The effort and success of the rehabilitation were reported in this study can be useful as a consideration of sustainable management of mangrove ecosystem both in Lampung and in other areas in Indonesia. Mangrove area was estimated through field surveys and data processing of satellite imagery from Landsat 5 in 2010 and Landsat 8 in 2020. The mangrove density level and area change were calculated by layering images of mangrove distribution from different years. The classification of mangrove density was determined based on the NDVI value. Satellite imagery was compared with field data collected from 20 observation points at five villages to ensure the density level and interpretation accuracy. Image data analysis showed the changes in mangrove area from 109.80 ha in 2010, an increase of 16.39% to 127.80 ha in 2020. The area of mangrove forest in the rare category decreased by 49.35%, the moderate category increased by 39.13%, and the dense category increased by 109.71%. The study confirmed the successful effort to manage and preserve mangroves in Teluk Pandan Sub-district. Eventually, community-based mangrove management (CBMM) and cross-sectoral and multi-stakeholder management (co-management) has become the core strategy in the successful management of mangrove at five coastal villages in Teluk Pandan Sub-district.
Stratified haploid identification system through the R1-nj kernel and reduced seedling vigor in tropical maize germplasm ARNAT THAWARORIT; ABIL DERMAIL; KAMOL LERTRAT; SOMPONG CHANKAEW; KHUNDEJ SURIHARN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 8 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240807

Abstract

Abstract. Thawarorit A, Dermail A, Lertrat K, Chankaew S, Suriharn K. 2023. Stratified haploid identification system through the R1-nj kernel and reduced seedling vigor in tropical maize germplasm. Biodiversitas 24: 4262-4268. Haploid identification through the R1-nj marker is commonly applied in in-vivo doubled haploid technology in maize, although misclassification issues often occur. We explored the innate properties of maternal haploids at the seedling stage to verify true haploids and to reduce false positives. There are many questions about whether reduced seedling vigor is effective for haploid verification in tropical maize backgrounds. This study aimed to evaluate the haploid induction rate of Stock6-derived F3 population inducers and to investigate the effectiveness of reduced seedling vigor at the V2/V3stage as an alternative marker to verify putative haploids. Field trials and haploid induction were conducted in the rainy season of 2021 and the dry season of 2021/22 in Khon Kaen, Thailand. Two tropical source germplasm: P789 and S7328, were included as donor females. Haploids were identified through the R1-nj marker and reduced seedling vigor. Significant reduction of haploid frequency up to 2.5% on average between the two identification methods, indicating that a considerable number of false positives could be found using reduced seedling vigor. Inducer population K11 was promising since it performed a stable ability to produce haploids over donors and seasons and had a low misclassification rate. Further breeding strategies and haploid selection schemes are discussed.

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