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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Ethnobotany of food plants utilized by Malay Ethnic in Belitung District, Indonesia TATIK CHIKMAWATI; SULISTIJORINI SULISTIJORINI; NINA RATNA DJUITA; DIMAS PRASAJA; THOBIB HASAN AL YAMINI; MIFTAHUDIN MIFTAHUDIN; YULIAN FAKHRURROZI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 5 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240552

Abstract

Abstract. Chikmawati T, Sulistijorini, Djuita NR, Prasaja D, Yamini THA, Miftahudin, Fakhrurrozi Y. 2023. Ethnobotany of food plants utilized by Malay Ethnic in Belitung District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2977-2987. Many food commodities in Belitung District, Indonesia are imported from the other islands. However, the local government's experience with the COVID-19 pandemic has encouraged the community to increase the diversification of local food products. Comprehensive data on the species used and the utilization is needed to support the effort. The research aimed to study the potential of plant biodiversity as a food source through ethnobotanical studies of the Malay ethnic group in the Belitung District. The study began by determining key and ordinary respondents using purposive and snowball sampling methods. Furthermore, data were collected through open, semi-structured, and structured interviews. The index of cultural significance (ICS) was determined based on quantitative data. The Malay community in the Belitung District utilizes 181 plant species as food, and most species are wild plants (59%). The number of plants used as food varies among sub-districts and is significantly correlated with forest area in each sub-district. The edible plants are divided into seven utilization categories: fruits, cooking spices, vegetables, sources of carbohydrates, beverage ingredients, grains, and staple food. The most used plant organ is the fruit. The plant with the highest ICS value in four sub-districts, i.e., Membalong, Tanjung Pandan, Sijuk, Badau, was coconut (Cocos nucifera); whereas the highest ICS value in the Selat Nasik sub-district was orange konci (Citrus microcarpa). Rice (Oryza sativa) and white pepper (Piper nigrum) also have high ICS values. Rice is an irreplaceable staple food source, while pepper is a commodity with high economic value for the community. The large number of wild plants the community uses indicates that there are many alternative plant species to meet food needs.
Ethnobotany and conservation applications in the Noken making by the Sougb Tribe of West Papua, Indonesia YORIS SAIBA; ANTONI UNGIRWALU; AGUSTINUS MURDJOKO; FRANCIS Q. BREARLEY; MARIANA H. PEDAY; RINA NELLY YOWEI; CHRISTIAN SOLEMAN IMBURI; YUBELINCE Y. RUNTUBOI; DONY ARISTONE DJITMAU; SITI HALIMATUS SA'DIYAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 8 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240861

Abstract

Abstract. Saiba Y, Ungirwalu A, Murdjoko A, Brearley FQ, Peday MH, Yowei RN, Imburi CS, Runtuboi YY, Djitmau DA, Sa'diyah SH. 2023. Ethnobotany and conservation applications in the Noken making by the Sougb Tribe of West Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 4577-4583. Documenting local ecological knowledge is critical for understanding complex ecological-cultural interactions to protect indigenous community entities. Woven baskets known as Noken have been part of Papuan indigenous culture for centuries, yet ethnobotanical aspects of Noken making remain poorly understood. Hence, this study describes Noken-making from an ethnobotanical perspective. We acquired ethnoecological knowledge by interviewing respondents who were actively involved in the production of Noken. The results revealed that the Sougb Tribe (from South Manokwari District, West Papua, Indonesia) utilized pineapple as a primary material for weaving and other natural materials as dyes, with this process undertaken mainly by women. We also document the Sougb Tribe's adaptation and continuous interaction with their dynamic environment that has evolved during Noken's making. Moreover, the recommendation to conserve Noken preserves biocultural diversity and habitats for key plant species. Since Noken has played an essential part in shaping the Sougb Tribe's cultural identity, conserving the use of Noken will aid in preserving the habitats of plants used as materials for Noken. In the future, the provincial government should assist habitat biocultural conservation by granting tribes customary forest status to facilitate plant habitat protection in line with the sustainable development agenda of West Papua Province.
Isolation of endophytic fungi from Hiyung chili peppers of local South Kalimantan (Indonesia) varieties and in vitro tolerance to acidic environment WITIYASTI IMANINGSIH; NURAENI EKOWATI; SALAMIAH SALAMIAH; NUNIEK INA RATNANINGTYAS; LOEKAS SOESANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 7 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240723

Abstract

Abstract. Imaningsih W, Ekowati N, Salamiah, Ratnaningtyas NI, Soesanto L. 2023. Isolation of endophytic fungi from Hiyung chili peppers of local South Kalimantan (Indonesia) varieties and in vitro tolerance to acidic environment. Biodiversitas 24: 3844-3852. Hiyung chili (Capsicum frutescens L) is a local chili from Hyung Village, Tapin District, South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia which has the advantage of being cultivated with an agricultural system in swampland, with high production and is known to have high capsaicin also. This advantage is thought to be related to its symbiosis with endophytic microbes, especially fungi. The purpose of this study was to isolate and identify non-pathogenic endophytic fungi from Hiyung chili plants and determine their ability to tolerate acidic conditions in vitro. Results showed that a total of 41 endophytic isolates were isolated from different parts of chili plant. Of the 41 isolates four non-pathogenic endophytic fungi were isolated from leaf tissue. Based on morphological and molecular identification these four fungi were Pseudozyma hubeiensis DM3.1, Phoma sp. DT2.2P1, Letendraea sp. DM1.2 and Phoma sp. DT2.2P4. Four endophytic fungi showed different abilities in an in vitro preliminary study of acidic environmental stress tolerance. Only P. hubeiensis DM3.1 isolate had the daily diameter of colony not significantly different based on the Anova test (? :0.05, F: 1.092, P:0.372) both at pH 5, 4 and 3 and without pH treatment.
Chemical constituents and antioxidant activity of Britton's wild petunia (Ruellia brittoniana) flower GRACIA LASMA ROHANA SIANTURI; ELYNA WAHYU TRISNAWATI; MAMORU KOKETSU; VENTY SURYANTI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 7 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240703

Abstract

Abstract. Sianturi GLR, Trisnawati EW, Koketsu M, Suryanti V. 2023. Chemical constituents and antioxidant activity of Britton's wild petunia (Ruellia brittoniana) flower. Biodiversitas 24: 3665-3672. Britton's wild petunia orkencana ungu (Ruellia brittoniana), which has purple flowers, is widely used as a decorative plant. Isolation and structure determination of the antioxidant compound of R. brittoniana flower were carried out. Extraction was carried out by maceration, and compound isolation was conducted by column chromatography. Structure elucidation was accomplished by FTIR, NMR, and MS Spectrometry. Apigenin (4',5,7-trihydroxyflavone) was isolated from the B1 fraction using chloroform: methanol (10: 1) eluent. Fraction A1, obtained from elution by chloroform: methanol (10: 0), consisted of 24 compounds. Two compounds were identified as 1-hexadecanol and 1-phenyl ethanone, which have antioxidant properties of fraction A1. Fraction B2 was eluted by chloroform: methanol (10:1), consisting of 20 compounds. A compound was identified as 2-methoxy phenol, contributingto the antioxidant properties of fraction B2. The total phenolic content of R. brittoniana flower extract was 1.033 mg GAE/g, and its total anthocyanin content was 16.97%. Fractions A1 and B2 possessed strong antioxidant activities due to their phenolic compounds. Apigenin has three -OH groups in the 4’, 5, and 7 positions; only the -OH group at the 4’ position contributes to its antioxidant activity. Therefore, apigenin has moderate antioxidant activity by DPPH assay. The modification structure of apigenin needs further study to enhance its antioxidant activity. This research shows that R. brittoniana flower can be a source of apigenin, also known to have anticancer properties.
Spatial distribution of benthic habitats in Kapota Atoll (Wakatobi National Park, Indonesia) using remote sensing imagery BAIGO HAMUNA; SRI PUJIYATI; JONSON LUMBAN GAOL; TOTOK HESTIRIANOTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 7 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240706

Abstract

Abstract. Hamuna B, Pujiyati S, Gaol JL, Hestirianoto T. 2023. Spatial distribution of benthic habitats in Kapota Atoll (Wakatobi National Park, Indonesia) using remote sensing imagery. Biodiversitas 24: 3700-3707. This study aims to classify and map benthic habitats in Kapota Atoll, Wakatobi National Park, using Sentinel-2A satellite imagery, that has undergone both atmospheric and geometric corrections. Sentinel-2A satellite imagery was processed using pixel-based classification method. This study used two machine learning algorithms: support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF). This study used nine classified benthic habitat classes, namely five homogeneous benthic classes (sand, live coral, dead coral, rubble, and dense seagrass) and four mixed benthic classes (mixed rubble and sand, mixed sand and rare seagrass, mixed medium seagrass and sand, and a mixture of rubble, dead coral, and seagrass). The RF algorithm produced benthic habitat maps with a higher overall accuracy than the SVM algorithm, which was 65.31% and 63.51%, respectively. These accuracy values have met the standards of accuracy for mapping benthic habitats that apply in Indonesia. The SVM algorithm classification results showed that the benthic habitat of the mixed class of medium seagrass and sand was more dominant than other benthic habitat classes. In contrast, the RF algorithm showed the class dense seagrass was more dominant. The selection of the appropriate algorithm for processing satellite imagery was found to be a significant factor in producing an accurate benthic habitat map.
Comparison of productivity from three stingless bees: Tetragonula sapiens, T. clypearis and T. biroi managed under same feed sources for meliponiculture ERWAN ERWAN; HABIBURROHMAN HABIBURROHMAN; I KETUT GEDE WIRYAWAN; MUHAMMAD MUHSININ; BAMBANG SUPENO; AGUSSALIM AGUSSALIM
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 5 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240553

Abstract

Abstract. Erwan, Habiburrohman, Wiryawan IKG, Muhsinin M, Supeno B, Agussalim. 2023. Comparison of productivity from three stingless bees: Tetragonula sapiens, T. clypearis and T. biroi managed under same feed sources for meliponiculture. Biodiversitas 24: 2988-2994. The productivity of stingless bee species is affected by the workers' population, especially the foragers' number, queen bee productivity, and the availability of plants as the nectar and pollen sources. The recent study aims to evaluate the productivity of three stingless bee species, Tetragonula sapiens (Cockerell, 1911), Tetragonula clypearis (Friese, 1908), and Tetragonula biroi (Friese, 1898), managed under the same feed sources for beekeeping in stingless bee (meliponiculture). Total of fifteen colonies and every five colonies per species of T. sapiens, T. clypearis, and T. biroi, respectively. The results showed that the different species of stingless bees highly affected the exit activities in the morning and afternoon and brood cell number (p<0.01). Furthermore, significant impacts on the honey pot number, production of honey and propolis (p<0.05) but not on the pollen pot number and the production of pot-pollen. Thus, productivity was characterized by honey pot number, brood cell number, and production of honey and propolis from the stingless bee of T. biroi was higher than T. sapiens and T. clypearis. However, the productivity of T. sapiens and T. clypearis was similar.
Comparative of the complete chloroplast genome and RNA editing of Eucalyptus camaldulensis T5 clone, an elite variety in Thailand PHRUET RACHARAK; ANONGPAT SUTTANGKAKUL; SUPACHAI VUTTIPONGCHAIKIJ
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 7 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240715

Abstract

Abstract. Racharak P, Suttangkakul A, Vuttipongchaikij S. 2023. Comparative of the complete chloroplast genome and RNA editing of Eucalyptus camaldulensis T5 clone, an elite variety in Thailand. Biodiversitas24: 3774-3784. Eucalyptus camaldulensis, T5 clone, the excellent fast-growing tree plantation in Thailand, was analyzed for the complete chloroplast genome and RNA editing. The complete chloroplast genome revealed a total genome size of 160,204 bp that divided into a large single copy (LSC) (88,904 bp) and a small single copy region (SSC) (18,506 bp) by inverted repeat regions (IR) containing 26,397 bp. A circular mapping genome and gene order showed the circle antiparallel mapping gene of 135 genes, including 37 tRNAs, 10 rRNAs, and 1 pseudogene. GC content of the genome was 36.87%. The comparative genomes analysis between the T5 clone and E. camaldulensis from the NCBI database suggested that the thymine (T) and adenine (A) strongly impacted the indel and transversion process, which could be a point of mutation in the genome. Furthermore, 24 specific genes were used to investigate RNA editing. From all genes, only 11 genes were edited with C to U conversion.Triplet codons, tUA, tUt, tUg and Ugg were the most frequently edited codon and expressions; the crucial influence of amino acid alterations. Due to RNA editing events, the physicochemical properties of amino acids were changed from polar to nonpolar amino acids and from hydrophilic to hydrophobic amino acids. Physicochemical properties conversion is necessary to form complete amino acid sequences for several essential chloroplast proteins. The event might be the accumulation of amino acid alterations causing phenotypic variation for plant adaptation and evolution.
Molecular evaluation of genetic diversity and relationships of Musa cultivars in Thailand using Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) markers SARUDA NITIWORAKARN; WUTTICHAI PHAE-NGAM; ONGKARN VANIJAJIVA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 7 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240744

Abstract

Abstract. Nitiworakarn S, Phae-Ngam W, Vanijajiva O. 2023. Molecular evaluation of genetic diversity and relationships of Musa cultivars in Thailand using Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) markers. Biodiversitas 24: 4060-4068. Musa cultivars are mostly obtained from crossing between wild diploid subspecies of M. acuminata (A genome) and M. balbisiana (B genome), and they reveal numerous levels of ploidy and genomic constitution. The present study, for the first time, investigated the genetic diversity of 90 Musa cultivars from 17 localities of Chai Badan district in Lopburi Province, Thailand, using start codon targeted (SCoT) markers. The SCoT technique has shown very high repeatability for characterizing Musa cultivars. The result indicated that DNA fingerprints from 30 SCoT primers generated 244 amplicons, among which 238 bands (97.54%) were polymorphic, with a mean of 7.93 polymorphic bands per primer. The average polymorphism information content (PIC) was high, ranging from 0.345 to 0.483, with an average of 0.432. Genetic diversity and its partitioning parameters were calculated and demonstrated that present Musa cultivars maintain relatively high genetic diversity. The unweighted pair-group method with an arithmetic cluster analysis, principal coordinate analysis and STRUCTURE analysis results were the same and showed the clear division of the genotypes into two distinct clusters, which were cluster-I consisted of only the AA genomes and cluster-II comprised of ABB and BB genomes. In conclusion, SCoT markers obtained here showed their manipulation in genetic diversity and the relationship of cultivated Musa, which would be practical for genetic preservation and continuing breeding programs in Thailand and other regions.
[RETRACTED] Production competitiveness of regional sorghum genotypes against new, enhanced varieties and their morphological traits in Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia ARIF MUAZAM; BUDI SETIADI DARYONO; KRISTAMTINI KRISTAMTINI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 9 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240937

Abstract

Abstract. Muazam A, Daryono BS, Kristamtini. 2023. Production competitiveness of regional sorghum genotypes against new, enhanced varieties and their morphological traits in Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 4943-4948. Sorghum is an important cereal crop after rice, maize, wheat and barley. Sorghum can be a potential local food to support national food security and to anticipate the threat of a world food crisis. One effort that can be made is to optimize the land by using adaptive sorghum varieties planted during the rainy season. Various new superior varieties have been released through the Ministry of Agriculture, but the germplasm with a potential to be local food has not been utilized optimally. Several studies on sorghum have been carried out from both cultivation and post-harvest aspects, but to continue the research relay and to participate in meeting national food needs, characterization of local varieties needs to be carried out as a first step in plant breeding activities. This study aims to determine the performance of six genotypes of new high-yielding sorghum varieties and local varieties grown during the rainy season in Karangmojo Village, Karangmojo Sub-district, Gunungkidul District, Yogyakarta Province, from October 2022 to March 2023. The design used was a Randomized Block Complete Design, with 5 repetitions. The results showed the significantly different effect of genotypes on the parameters of plant height, panicle length, panicle width, 1000 seed weight, flowering age, stem diameter, harvesting age, panicle weight per plot, and production per hectare.
Molecular detection and analysis of dengue virus genetic diversity in North Sulawesi, Indonesia during 2022 ALFANI MARING DATU; ROSDIANA NATZIR; IKA YUSTISIA; ISRA WAHID; GITA VITA SORAYA; SYAHRIJUITA KADIR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 6 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240636

Abstract

Abstract. Datu AM, Natzir R, Yustisia I, Wahid I, Soraya GV, Kadir S. 2023. Molecular detection and analysis of dengue virus genetic diversity in North Sulawesi, Indonesia during 2022. Biodiversitas 24: 3407-3413. Dengue is a highly infectious disease caused by the dengue virus, consisting of four serotypes (DENV1-DENV4). The existence of diverse serotypes and genotypes in an area significantly impacts the degree of virulence in humans, clinical manifestation, and the epidemiology of the disease. Studying virus diversity in an area is pivotal, especially in dengue-endemic areas such as North Sulawesi. This study was an explorative research analyzing dengue virus serotypes and sequencing on the C-PrM protein region to determine the genetic diversity. This study was conducted on children and adults in 3 health centers in North Sulawesi, Indonesia, in 2022. Of 137 sera samples from febrile patients with dengue-like symptoms, ten were confirmed positive for dengue virus. Out of the ten positive samples, DENV1 was the dominant serotype, which was 70%. This was followed by 20% DENV2 and 10% DENV4. The genotype of each serotype, DENV1, DENV2, and DENV4, was respectively classified into genotype I, cosmopolitan genotype, and genotype I as a new genotype of DENV4 reported in North Sulawesi. This study provides the latest data on the serotypes and genotypes of dengue viruses in North Sulawesi. Molecular surveillance of the dengue virus in North Sulawesi must be continuously conducted due to the circulation of multiple serotypes and genotypes in this province.

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