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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
 455   456   457   458   459 
Selection of drought-tolerant rice genotypes under cajuput (Melaleuca cajuputi subsp. cajuputi) agroforestry system TARYONO TARYONO; SUPRIYANTA SUPRIYANTA; RANI AGUSTINA WULANDARI; NURMANSYAH NURMANSYAH; ERLINA AMBARWATI; I GUSTI KOMANG DANA ARSANA; VINA EKA ARISTYA; ARDIAN ELONARD PURBA; ALWA WIDI AISYA; TAUFAN ALAM
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 9 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240920

Abstract

Abstract. Taryono, Supriyanta, Wulandari RA, Nurmansyah, Ambarwati E, Arsana IGKD, Aristya VE, Purba AE, Aisya AW, Alam T. 2023. Selection of drought-tolerant rice genotypes under cajuput (Melaleuca cajuputi subsp. cajuputi) agroforestry system. Biodiversitas 24: 4791-4802. Rice production can be increased by expanding rice cultivation area on agroforestry land. However, planting rice in agroforestry system, which is generally rainfed, might cause drought stress and eventually can reduce rice yields. The study aimed to select rice genotypes under drought stress conditions in a rainfed agroforestry system with cajuput or kayu putih (Melaleuca cajuputi subsp. cajuputi Powell). Ten promising rice lines and four control cultivars were grown during the dry season from March-July 2022 at the Menggoran Forest Management Resort, Playen Forest Section, Yogyakarta Forest Management, Indonesia. The observation was conducted on drought stress tolerance (sensitivity and recovery), molecular identification, and yield of rice cultivars. The results showed that G5 was the genotype with drought tolerance and had the best recovery compared to the other promising rice lines and control cultivars. The molecular identification of the 14 rice genotypes using 20 SSR markers detected 108 alleles with a PIC value of 0.707. The G5, G4, and G9 had higher yields than the control cultivars. The BLUE showed that the yield of G5, G4, and G9 were 6.59, 5.93 and 5.50 tons ha-1, respectively, while for BLUP by 6.45, 5.87 and 5.43 tons ha-1, respectively. Furthermore, there were four clusters consisting of cluster 1 (G9), cluster 2 (G7), cluster 3 (G5 and Inpago 12), and cluster 4 (Inpari 42, G6, Inpari 30 Ciherang Sub 1, Situ Bagendit, G3, G4, G10, G2, G1, and G8). The findings of this study recommend G4, G5, and G9 as promising rice lines which tolerant to drought stress under M. cajuputi agroforestry system and can be utilized in future plant breeding programs.
The productivity, chemical composition and nutritional value of pastures dominated by Artemisia diffusa and Cousinia resinosa in arid lands of southwestern Uzbekistan BAXRITDIN BAZAROV; ZAYNITDIN RAJAMURADOV; MARS SAFIN; ASATILLO RAJABOV; DAVRON KHAYITOV; MIRZOXID KUZIEV; SHARIFKUL AMINJONOV; MARKHAMAT ISMAYILOVA; JASUR KUDRATOV; MIRZAAHMAD KHUJABEKOV; DILOVAR KHAYDAROV
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 7 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240730

Abstract

Abstract. Bazarov B, Rajamuradov Z, Safin M, Rajabov A, Khayitov D, Kuziev M, Aminjonov S, Ismayilova M, Kudratov J, Khujabekov M, Khaydarov D. 2023. The productivity, chemical composition and nutritional value of pastures dominated by Artemisia diffusa and Cousinia resinosa in arid lands of southwestern Uzbekistan. Biodiversitas 24: 3916-3923. In recent years, extensive degradation of pastures has been observed all over the world as a result of drastic changes in climate and the increase of anthropogenic factors. As a result, the biological diversity of plant communities in pastures decreases, and specific changes occur in dry mass productivity, nutritional value, and other indicators of plant biomass. Therefore, studies aimed at assessing the condition of the vegetation in pastures are important. This research is one of the first studies of this type aimed at determining the biomass yield of pastures dominated by Artemisia diffusa Krasch. ex Poljako and Cousinia resinosa Juz. at varying elevations in arid areas of the southwestern regions of Uzbekistan, analyzing the chemical composition and nutritional value contained in the plants and evaluating the yield and quality of milk of goats fed with such plants. The results showed that dry mass yield, chemical composition, amount of substance, and nutritional value of the biomass produced by the plants in the pastures were directly influenced by the type of plants that make up the pasture, the elevation of the pastures, and climate factors (i.e., season). Our analysis also showed that the resiproductivity, chemical composition, and nutritional parameters were the highest in the mountain pastures compared to those in the hill and desert pastures. Goats fed by grazing in the pastures produced a higher yield and quality of milk compared to goats fed with conventional rations. The findings of this study explain the diversity of the productivity, chemical composition, nutritional value, and potential of the biomass produced by plants in pastures with dominant species A. diffusa and C. resinosa in increasing goat milk production in arid regions.
Economic value assessment of edible plants in Muang District, Kalasin Province, Thailand NATTHAKIT PHATLAMPHU; SURAPON SAENSOUK; PIYAPORN SAENSOUK; AUEMPORN JUNSONGDUANG; AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 7 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240734

Abstract

Abstract. Phatlamphu N, Saensouk S, Saensouk P, Junsongduang A, Setyawan AD. 2023. Economic value assessment of edible plants in Muang District, Kalasin Province, Thailand. Biodiversitas 24: 3960-3967. Edible plants have been traded as economic plants for food consumption, and their supply can be used at the industry level. However, modern agriculture might be disrupting a local plant value that the indigenous people use as their food in daily life. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the economic value of edible plants in Muang District, Kalasin Province, based on their market value and trading volume in a year. Data were collected through a pricing survey in the municipal and local markets from March 2019 to February 2021. The value was applied using the formula of the economic Value of Edible Plants (EVEP) that focus on the local scale of economy to explore the relationships between edible plant traders and consumers in the study area. There were 78 edible plant species that belonged to 67 genera and 41 families. The highest value is Oryza sativa L. (rice) which gains income averaging 684,000 THB annually/trader, followed by Coriandrum sativum L. (coriander) and Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd. (galangal) with averaging values of 216,000 and 187,200 THB annually/trader, respectively. When we identified the edible plants into two groups based on their sources, including the economic plants and the local plants, they were found 40 species of economic plants (51%) and 38 species of local plants (49%). In addition, we found that 43 species of edible plants were traded throughout the year (12 months), including 14 species of local plants (32.6%) and 29 species of economic plants (67.4%). That shows the risk trend of local plant consumption loss is due to the growth of economic plants.
Diversity of disease-carrying mosquito vectors in potential areas of dengue fever in Palembang City, South Sumatra, Indonesia HERU LISTIONO; NURHAYATI DAMIRI; TOTONG KAMALUDDIN; CHANDRA IRSAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250205

Abstract

Abstract. Listiono H, Damiri N, Kamaluddin T, Irsan C. 2024. Diversity of disease-carrying mosquito vectors in potential areas of dengue fever in Palembang City, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 474-481. Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) are biting insects commonly found in many areas on earth in subtropics and tropics, especially around residential areas. So far, more than 2500 species have been recorded from various parts of the world. They are the main vectors of many diseases in humans and livestock caused by viruses and parasites. Mosquito diversity and disease transmission are influenced by landscape modifications, namely vectors and pathogens. The study aimed to evaluate the distribution, prevalence and abundance of mosquito species in potential dengue fever districts in Palembang city. The study was conducted in 2 two sub-districts in Palembang City, namely Gandus and Seberang Ulu I that represent housing environment, schools and gardens. Mosquito capture was done during three periods 06.00-10.00, 15.00-18.00, and 19.00-21.00 to align with their active hours. This involved active human landing collection method. 200 ovitraps were set up in both regions to assess the density of mosquitoes. The results showed that the diversity index values in Gandus and the Seberang Ulu I sub-districts were 0.781 and 0.756, respectively. Both values were categorized as low diversity index. Furthermore, the dominance index in Gandus and Seberang Ulu 1 sub-district were 0.105 and 0.031, respectively. It meant that there were no dominant mosquito species in both sub-districts. Based on the results of Independent t-test analysis, it was found that the average number of mosquito populations in Gandus sub-district was 25.07 and Seberang Ulu I sub-district was 13.29. From the results of the analysis it was found that there was no difference in average number of mosquito populations between Gandus and Seberang Ulu I sub-district, with a p-value of 0.367. Further research needs to be directed at uncovering mosquito distribution patterns and their potential as disease vectors, the risk of infectious diseases, and the need for further prevention to reduce the number of disease incidences.
Resistance of Eleusine indica to non-selective herbicides in Indonesian oil palm plantation UUM UMIYATI; DENNY KURNIADIE; RYAN WIDIANTO; DEDI WIDAYAT; CEPPY NASAHI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 8 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240847

Abstract

Abstract. Umiyati U, Kurniadie D, Widianto R, Widayat D, Nasahi C. 2023. Resistance of Eleusine indica to non-selective herbicides in Indonesian oil palm plantation. Biodiversitas 24: 4661-4667. Indonesia is the world's largest producer of oil palm. One biological constraint that may reduce the national oil palm production is Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn (goosegrass). This weed is usually controlled chemically using non-selective herbicides, such as glyphosate, paraquat, and ammonium glufosinate. Although these herbicides are widely used, there are minimal case reports of weed resistance in Indonesia. This study aimed to map and quantify the herbicide resistance of goosegrass in Indonesian oil palm plantations. Weed mortality after herbicide application was used to determine the resistance. The study collected samples from Indonesia's six primary oil palm regions: West Sumatra, North Sumatra, Riau, Lampung, Belitung, and West Kalimantan. The sample collection process was supplemented by conducting interviews to get information on the herbicide application practices of palm oil growers. The results showed that 15 samples of goosegrass from various locations were resistant to glyphosate, 17 were resistant to paraquat, and one showed developing resistance to ammonium glufosinate. The most resistant goosegrass was found in North Sumatra, with a resistant index of 3.32 and 3.81 to glyphosate and paraquat, respectively. At the same time, the resistance to ammonium glufosinate could not be measured because the low doses of ammonium glufosinate were sufficient to control the weeds.
Distribution and FTIR-based fingerprint of secondary metabolites in different organs of ant-plant (Myrmecodia tuberosa) NIYA BUDHI LESTARI; YOHANA C. SULISTYANINGSIH; ABDUL HALIM UMAR; DIAH RATNADEWI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250325

Abstract

Abstract. Lestari NB, Sulistyaningsih YC, Umar AH, Ratnadewi D. 2024. Distribution and FTIR-based fingerprint of secondary metabolites in different organs of ant-plant (Myrmecodia tuberosa). Biodiversitas 25: 1104-1115. Myrmecodia tuberosa Jack, or ant-plant, is widely used as a traditional medicine. The plant has the potential to be antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidant. Its domatium is believed to contain valuable substances, rendering people to collect the organ that devastates the whole plant. Therefore, the distribution and nature of the major substances in the leaf, petiole, and domatium must be investigated. This study aimed to determine the secondary metabolites and their accumulation sites through anatomy and histochemistry. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and chemometrics supported the determination. Microscopic preparations made observations of the anatomy and secretory structures of transverse and paradermal sections. Histochemical studies were performed with specific reagents. M. tuberosa has a hypostomatic leaf blade with parasitic stomata. The main secretory structure is the idioblast. Idioblasts are scattered over various tissues, such as the epidermis, hypodermis, palisade, spongy mesophyll, and cuticle of the leaf blade, in the epidermal tissue, chlorenchyma cortex, and cuticle of petiole and the periderm, cortex, and pith of domatium. Terpenoids, phenols, lipophilic compounds, essential oils, and flavonoids were found in the leaf blade, petiole, and domatium, whereas alkaloids were present only in the petioles. FTIR demonstrated the main functional groups in the three organs are similar, while the principal component analysis distinguished domatium from leaf blade and petiole.
Discovery of habitat preferences and community structure of Echinoderms in Kri, Raja Ampat, Indonesia RIMA HERLINA SETIAWATI SIBURIAN; JULIA ROSEMARY TAPILATU; MARYROSE EASTER TAPILATU
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 7 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240735

Abstract

Abstract. Siburian RHS, Tapilatu JR, Tapilatu ME. 2023. Discovery of habitat preferences and community structure of Echinoderms in Kri, Raja Ampat, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 3968-3976. Raja Ampat, located in Papua, Indonesia, is home to one of the most diverse coral reef ecosystems and is a component of the Coral Triangle. The coral in Raja Ampat is still considered to be in good health. Although the marine fauna in Raja Ampat is pristine and diverse, there have still only been a few studies in this region. The scientific research on the Echinoderms in Raja Ampat is limited, particularly as a primary input for data research. In this study, we present Echinoderm's habitat and community structure in the Kri coastal area at Mansuar Island based on the data collected at field sampling. From January to February 2023, data were collected intensively during morning and afternoon low tide for three repetitions each, at 5-10 m depths. We conducted morphological species identification. Asteroidea, Holothuroidea, Echinoidea, and Crinoidea were found to be the four major classes of Echinodermata that dominated the sampling area, with a total of 20 species and 180 individuals. Each Echinodermata species has its preferred Kri coastal habitat based on its food supply, unique behavior, and body structure. In addition, the result indicates that this region has a moderate diversity level, with low dominance and moderate to high uniformity. This research provides new information on the ecology of Echinoderms in eastern Indonesia, particularly in Raja Ampat.
The effectiveness of the mixture of basil and betel leaves methanol extracts to suppress Colletotrichum acutatum, the causal agent of anthracnose disease on postharvest cayenne chili CEPPY NASAHI; SUCI RAMADHANTY; SUDARJAT SUDARJAT; DENNY KURNIADIE; ICHSAN NURUL BARI; SYIFA NABILAH SUBAKTI-PUTRI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 10 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241033

Abstract

Abstract. Nasahi C, Ramadhanty S, Sudarjat S, Kurniadie D, Bari IN, Subakti-Putri SN. 2023. The effectiveness of the mixture of basil and betel leaves methanol extracts to suppress Colletotrichum acutatum, the causal agent of anthracnose disease on postharvest cayenne chili. Biodiversitas 24: 5513-5522. Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum acutatum, is a major disease in the cultivation of chili plantations in Indonesia. It is usually controlled by farmers using synthetic fungicides with many adverse effects. Therefore, botanical fungicides are applied as alternative control techniques. This research aimed to examine the effect of mixed methanol extract of basil (Ocimum basilicum) and betel leaves (Piper betle) against C. acutatum on cayenne chili (Capsicum annuum). The method used was a randomized block design (RBD) with thirteen treatments and three replications. The results showed that combining basil and betel leaf methanol extracts suppressed C. acutatum. Furthermore, the most effective treatment was a mixture of 1.5% of each of the extracts, which suppressed the development of the disease at 62.07%. The GC-MS profiling of the basil and betel leaf methanol fraction indicated the presence of bioactive compounds that have antifungal effects against anthracnose.
The influence of coffee clones and postharvest methods on the physical quality of eight clones of local robusta coffee in West Lampung, Indonesia ANALIANASARI ANALIANASARI; MURHADI MURHADI; SAMSU UDAYANA NURDIN; TANTO P. UTOMO; DIDING SUHANDY
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 10 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241060

Abstract

Abstract. Analianasari, Murhadi M, Nurdin SU, Utomo TP, Suhandy D. 2023. The influence of coffee clones and postharvest methods on the physical quality of eight clones of local robusta coffee in West Lampung, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 5779-5787. One of the qualities of coffee is a physical characteristic that can be seen directly as a determinant of the coffee bean's price. This study consisted of eight clones of robusta coffee picked red, which was processed using the postharvest method (natural, honey, and full wash) with three repetitions, then evaluated based on the physical attributes of the coffee beans (moisture content, weight of 100 coffee beans, length and the width of the coffee beans, the percentage of passing through the Sieve, and the number of coffee bean defects). The results showed that most of the physical quality parameters of clones from local Robusta coffee varieties were carried out using the postharvest method and planted in West Lampung statistically different (P<0.05). The moisture content in naturally processed tugu sari clones had a higher moisture content, but it was not different from the srintil clones in all postharvest processing. All clones can produce specialty (fine) and premium quality coffee beans based on the quality of the physical attributes. However, dry processing (natural and honey) fine coffee clones provide the best quality physical attributes. The findings from this study were that the diversity of cloned robusta coffee with various postharvest methods provides information that indicators of local genetic diversity had different physical attributes, but more significant and repeated experiments are needed to obtain accurate results.
Reproductive performances of triploid male and female Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) at different ages ODANG CARMAN; AKHMAD TAUFIQ MUKTI; MUHAMMAD ZAIRIN JR.; ALIMUDDIN ALIMUDDIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 8 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240804

Abstract

Abstract. Carman O, Mukti AT, Zairin JR M, Alimuddin. 2023. Reproductive performances of triploid male and female Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) at different ages. Biodiversitas 24: 4235-4242. Triploidization has been known as a chromosome set manipulation strategy to produce sterile fish. This study aimed to examine the reproductive and sterility performances of triploid male and female Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) at different ages. The triploidization process using heat shock of 41°C for four minutes at four Minutes After Fertilization (MAF) of the zygote old made the population of triploid tilapia. Two steps of fish rearing were conducted, namely indoor fish rearing and outdoor fish grow-out. Fish were reared in a controlled laboratory (indoor) at the Reproduction and Genetics Laboratory of Aquatic Organisms, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University for four months, and then fish grow-out was performed in a controlled pond for two months. Reproductive performances such as Hepatosomatic Index (HSI), Gonadosomatic Index (GSI), gonadal development, and sterility of triploid and diploid for both male and female tilapias were analyzed. These results showed that triploid tilapia generally indicated late gonadal development and growth compared to diploids before and during maturation. Triploid female tilapia showed a lower HSI than diploid female tilapia (P<0.05). Otherwise, triploid and diploid males showed the same HSI. GSI of triploid males and females were lower than diploid males and females (P<0.05) at every age, namely three-, four-, five- and six-month-old fish. Based on the size and histology of the gonad, triploid male and female tilapias showed sterile characteristics with gametogenesis inhibition.

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