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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Abiotic factors and distribution patterns of epiphytic lichens inhabiting different altitudes ASMIDA ISMAIL; NUR SYAFIQAH ABD HAKIM; KHAIRUL ADZFA RADZUN; FAEZAH PARDI; MOHD TALIB LATIF; NURUL AIDA KAMAL IKHSAN; DEWI HIDAYATI; FAEIZA BUYONG
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 9 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250930

Abstract

Abstract. Ismail A, Hakim NSA, Radzun KA, Pardi F, Latif MT, Ikhsan NAK, Hidayati D, Buyong F. 2024. Abiotic factors and distribution patterns of epiphytic lichens inhabiting different altitudes. Biodiversitas 25: 3084-3094. Lichens are a symbiotic partnership of two separate organisms, a fungus, and an alga. Although many species of lichens exist in Malaysia, comprehensive data on lichens are still being determined. Thus, this study provides significant knowledge for the researcher to gain more understanding and information on the lichen species in Malaysia and how the abiotic factors affect the community. This study aimed to identify lichen species taxonomically, assess species composition, and compare the lichen species coverage in two sampling stations with contrasting altitudes: Brinchang in Cameron Highland (high altitude, 1,428 masl) and Templer Park in Rawang (low altitude, 131 masl). This study presented sound evidence on the relationship between lichen species coverage and abiotic factors such as bark pH, relative humidity, temperature, and atmospheric gas (ammonia), which provide knowledge on lichen diversity. Lichen sampling used a 30×50 cm quadrat on the tree trunk, 1 m above the ground. As a result, a species description table was constructed for 18 lichen species from 9 families and 15 genera. Out of these genera, the crustose group dominates at 72%, the foliose group at 22%, and the fruticose group at 6%. The low altitude recorded significantly higher species coverage, 63.47±5.59%, while the high altitude showed lower species coverage, 46.56±3.08%. The mean temperature of low altitudes is significantly higher at 32.01°C compared to the high altitudes (23.87°C). However, the relative humidity and bark pH within these altitudes were not significantly different. The mean concentration of NH3 at low altitudes was considerably higher at 0.40±0.07 ppm than at high altitudes (0.11±0.04 ppm). It was shown that the fruticose group increased as the altitudes increased. In contrast, crustose lichen is reduced in coverage and number of species compared to high altitudes. This study concluded that inter-related abiotic factors related to the altitudes facilitated the survival of the lichen community in the sampling areas.
Length-weight relationship and condition factor of threadfin goby Sicyopterus longifilis de Beauford, 1912 (Teleostei: Sicydiinae) at Ummiding and Matama Rivers, West Sulawesi, Indonesia TIKAWATI TIKAWATI; SHARIFUDDIN BIN ANDY OMAR; MUHAMMAD NUR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 5 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250525

Abstract

Abstract. Tikawati, Omar SBA, Nur M. 2024. Length-weight relationship and condition factor of threadfin goby Sicyopterus longifilis de Beauford, 1912 (Teleostei: Sicydiinae) at Ummiding and Matama Rivers, West Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2074-2085. Threadfin goby Sicyopterus longifilis (de Beaufort, 1912) is an amphidromous species known as 'penja' in the postlarval phase. Therefore, this research aimed to analyze the length-weight relationship and condition factors of goby fish in Ummiding and Matama Rivers, West Sulawesi. Fish sampling was conducted 12 times, twice monthly, during new and full lunar phases from July to December 2023. Each fish was measured for the total length, weighed, and dissected to determine the sex. The results showed that the length-weight relationship of goby fish in Ummiding River for male and female fishes were W = 0.000011L3.0250 and W= 0.000023L2.8422, respectively. In Matama River, the length-weight relationship for male and female fish was W = 0.000008 L3.1193 and W = 0.000005 L3.2228, with a combined sexes value of W = 0.000006 L3.1839. According to the statistical tests, the Ummiding River male fish had isometric growth due to a balanced length and body weight increase. In contrast, female fish had hypoallometric growth type (b<3), where the increase in length was faster than body weight. Male, female, and the combined sexes of the species in Matama River had hyperallometric growth type (b>3) since the increase in length was slower than body weight. The condition factor values exceeded 1.0, showing that Ummiding and Matama Rivers supported threadfin goby life. The acquired threadfin goby length-weight relationship and condition factors are now used as a guide for managing and conserving the species in this region.
Fish diversity in the Nong Leng Sai Wetland, Phayao Province, Northern Thailand, after deep-water dredging SIRILUCK TUNCHAROEN; KANOKPHON MANETAM; SITIPORN PORNPUANG; WARARITH CHAISAN; DUTRUDI PANPROMMIN; KANYANAT SOONTHORNPRASIT; SANTIWAT PITAKPOL
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 6 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250644

Abstract

Abstract. Tuncharoen S, Manetam K, Pornpuang S, Chaisan W, Panprommin D, Soonthornprasit K, Pitakpol S. 2024. Fish diversity in the Nong Leng Sai Wetland, Phayao Province, Northern Thailand, after deep-water dredging. Biodiversitas 25: 2738-2746. This study aimed to explore changes in the diversity of fish species in the Nong Leng Sai Wetland, Mae Chai District, Phayao Province, Northern Thailand, after just completed deep-water dredging while shallow-water dredging is in progress. Therefore, three different gill net mesh sizes collected fish specimens from January to July 2022. The results showed that 25 species belong to 23 genera, 13 families from 7 orders, and 21 native and 4 introduced fish species. The fish comprised of the miscellaneous group was the most composed by weight and number, accounting for 45.5% and 52%, respectively, followed by the carp, 38.6% by weight and 45.6% by number. The fish diversity after dredging has decreased, including species and quantity, compared to the diversity reported before. Physical changes in the Nong Leng Sai Wetland resulted from deep water dredging, including increasing water depth, more water storage volume, increased turbidity, and lack of fish shelter and natural food, affecting the diversity of fish species. Furthermore, dredging has stimulated the recovery of aquatic ecosystems regarding water quality, habitat of aquatic animals, and appropriate natural food, which is important for increasing the diversity of fish species and quantities.
Species diversity and ecological roles of macrofungi in Lentang Forest Reserve, Pahang, Malaysia NOOR AISYAH MD NOORDIN; NUR AIN IZZATI MOHD ZAINUDIN; NURUL HASMILA KHAIRUDDIN; MOHD TERMIZI YUSOF
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 6 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250632

Abstract

Abstract. Md Noordin NA, Zainudin NAIM, Khairuddin NH, Yusof MT. 2024. Species diversity and ecological roles of macrofungi in Lentang Forest Reserve, Pahang, Malaysia. Biodiversitas 25: 2615-2622. Macrofungi are high-value forest components with functionally significant roles in the forest ecosystem, however, fungi and their functions remain among the least studied. Therefore, this study aims to unravel the current diversity of macrofungi in Lentang Forest Reserve, located in Pahang, Malaysia to provide data for comparison with other ecosystems. Macrofungal sporocarps were collected from selected sites using convenience sampling. A total of 332 sporocarps were identified based on morphological and Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) sequence analysis. Ascomycota and Basidiomycota predominated in the Lentang Forest Reserve, with 28 genera representing 8 families were successfully identified. A Shannon diversity index of 0.454 indicated high fungal diversity in the sampling location. Microclimatic changes do not significantly affect fungal orders and substrates across the studied sites, suggesting random chance rather than systematic influences. The samples of Polyporales had the highest amounts, which showed that microclimate factors affected the make-up of the fungal fruiting community. In harsh microclimates, tough-fleshed fruit bodies were more common. The Agaricomycetes class exhibited the highest species presence, accounting for 89.09% of the identified species. The findings of this study can serve as a valuable checklist for future research on fungal distribution in tropical regions and will significantly contribute to biodiversity conservation efforts.
Therapeutic potential of multi-targeting phytochemicals derived from Apium graveolens ethanol extract in West Java, Indonesia against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa HAFIZAH ILMI SUFA; IIS KURNIATI; ASEP DERMAWAN; YOGI KHOIRUL ABROR; ASEP IIN NUR INDRA; DICKI BAKHTIAR PURKON
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 5 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250536

Abstract

Abstract. Sufa HI, Kurniati I, Dermawan A, Abror YK, Indra AIN, Purkon DB. 2024. Therapeutic potential of multi-targeting phytochemicals derived from Apium graveolens ethanol extract in West Java, Indonesia against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Biodiversitas 25: 2183-2190. This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of Apium graveolens (AG) extract from West Java, Indonesia against MDR-P. aeruginosa species responsible for nosocomial infection. Several assessments of antibacterial activity in vitro were conducted, including the enumeration of bacterial colonies, the measurement of the inhibition zone by agar well diffusion, determination of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) values, and the observation of cell damage using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results have demonstrated that AG extract from West Java, Indonesia, possesses significant potential as an antimicrobial agent against MDR-P. aeruginosa. The Apium graveolens extract, at concentrations of 50, 100, and 200 mg/mL, reduced MDR-P. aeruginosa colonies by 59.3%, 65.7%, and 82%, respectively. The inhibition zone sizes ranged from 7 to 12 mm for 50 mg/mL, 8 to 16 mm for 100 mg/mL, and 16 to 17 mm for 200 mg/mL. The MIC values of 100 mg/mL for PA1 and PA3, 200 mg/mL for PA2, with an MBC value of 200 mg/mL for each test. Scanning electron microscope observation indicated that treatment with 100 mg/mL of AG extract caused significant damage to bacterial cells. In conclusion, A. graveolens extracts show promise as potential antibacterial agents against nosocomial infections caused by MDR-P. aeruginosa. Further research, including in vivo studies of the antibacterial mechanism of action, is warranted.
Plankton diversity in the Rowo Klampok Swamp, Malang District, East Java, Indonesia DIANA ARFIATI; UMI ZAKIYAH; SEPTI ANITASARI; ZAKIYYAH NUR INAYAH; KHARISMA ORCHIDA; RIZKY KUSMA PRATIWI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250455

Abstract

Abstract. Arfiati D, Zakiyah U, Anitasari S, Inayah ZN, Orchida K, Pratiwi RK. 2024. Plankton diversity in the Rowo Klampok Swamp, Malang District, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 1846-1855. Wetlands are a productive ecosystem and have high biodiversity, including plankton. Plankton can be used to assess the health status of wetlands. This research aims to determine the diversity and abundance of phytoplankton and zooplankton and to analyze the water quality conditions of the tropical wetland (Rowo Klampok Swamp, Malang District, East Java, Indonesia). This research was conducted from May to June 2023 and it's a survey research. The research results show that the phytoplankton found in Rowo Klampok Swamp consists of 4 divisions with 13 genera, while there are 3 divisions with 3 genera in zooplankton. Phytoplankton divisions are Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta, and Dinoflagellate, while zooplankton divisions are Arthropoda, Ciliophora, and Rotifera. The average value of total phytoplankton abundance reached 2,618,684 cells/L, while zooplankton was 10,504 Ind/L. The Chlorophyta division is the most commonly found phytoplankton, with a percentage ranging between 32.5 and 53.1%, respectively. Dictyosphaerium is a phytoplankton genus often found with the highest average abundance of 1,922,929 cells/L. The diversity index, uniformity index, and dominance index of phytoplankton ranged between 1.965-2.439, 0.945-1.173, and 0.125-0.213, respectively, while those of zooplankton were 0.496-0.529, 0.317-0.593 and 0.458-0.684, respectively. Rowo Klampok Swamp has a medium trophic level (mesotrophic) and shows moderate pollution. The water quality conditions are considered suitable for aquatic organisms, but we need to monitor and reduce phosphorus input into the bodies of water.
Short Communication: Diversity, abundance, and utilization of bivalves on the south coast of Pamekasan, Madura Island, Indonesia EKA RESI KURNIAWAN; RENI AMBARWATI; NUR ROHMATIN ISNANINGSIH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 6 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250614

Abstract

Abstract. Kurniawan ER, Ambarwati R, Isnaningsih NR. 2024. Short Communication: Diversity, abundance, and utilization of bivalves on the south coast of Pamekasan, Madura Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2454-2462. Bivalves are a group of mollusks that include clams, oysters, scallops, and mussels. Bivalves have vital roles both economically and ecologically. This study aims to analyze the diversity and abundance of bivalves in the intertidal zone of south coast of Pamekasan, Madura Island, Indonesia. Sampling was carried out at the lowest tide using the line transect method at four research stations located at Talang Siring Beach and its adjacent areas. Identification was conducted based on morphological characteristics. The data were analyzed descriptive-quantitatively. The results showed that in south coast of Pamekasan, there were 21 species of bivalves belonging to 13 genera and 8 families. The value of diversity index was 2.21 which included in the medium category. The results of the bivalve community index stated that the station 3 had the highest diversity value among other sampling stations, which was 2.2. The highest relative abundance value was found in the species Tellinides timorensis Lamarck 1818 which was 35.96%. Among the 21 species found at Talang Siring Beach and its adjacent areas, nine of them are frequently utilized by local people. Although Talang Siring Beach is managed as a tourism area, this beach is a potential habitat for bivalves.
Morphological and phaneroptic traits of Creole goats reared in an extensive system in the dry forest of Tumbes, Peru VICTOR A. TEMOCHE; DAVID J. GODOY; FRITZ C. TRILLO; NARDA ORTIZ; JUANCARLOS CRUZ
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 11 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251114

Abstract

Abstract. Temoche VA, Godoy DJ, Trillo FC, Ortiz N, Cruz J. 2024. Morphological and phaneroptic traits of Creole goats reared in an extensive system in the dry forest of Tumbes, Peru. Biodiversitas 25: 4148-4161. This study aimed to characterize the phaneroptic and morphometric traits of Creole goats in Northwestern Peru. A total of 100 goats were evaluated for 19 phaneroptic and 24 morphometric variables, along with 15 zoometric indices. Descriptive statistics and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were used to condense body index variables into uncorrelated components, potentially useful in selection programs. The feasibility of PCA was confirmed with the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure and Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity. Phaneroptic results revealed that most goats exhibit plain coats (53%) with mottled and patch patterns (13% each), with 60% showing horns (45% arched and 15% spiraling) and drooping ears (60%). Beards were present in 34% and wattles in 27%. Female teats tended to be divergent (74%), with 33.77% showing supernumerary teats. Morphometric indices indicated predominantly brevilinear, dolichocephalic, and mesoprosopic traits, with a convex linear pelvis. These traits highlight their suitability for meat production, demonstrated by body strength, depth, and width, indicating high potential for producing carcasses of various compactness levels. These findings provide valuable data on the adaptability and morphological diversity of Creole goats, supporting future conservation and breeding efforts.
The use of medicinal plants in the Aneuk Jamee tribe in Kota Bahagia, South Aceh District, Indonesia NURSAMSU NURSAMSU; NURAINI NURAINI; TRI MUSTIKA SARJANI; MARDUDI MARDUDI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 6 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250622

Abstract

Abstract. Nursamsu, Nuraini, Sarjani TM, Mardudi. 2024. The use of medicinal plants in the Aneuk Jamee tribe in Kota Bahagia, South Aceh District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2524-2540. The Aneuk Jamee tribe comes from the Acehnese language, namely "Aneuk" which means child, while "Jamee" means guest/immigrant who is in the south of Aceh. The development of the use of medicinal plants is very promising in terms of supporting factors such as the availability of rich and diverse biological resources which can be developed as alternative treatment options for various types of diseases. The aim of this research is to document and study further the medicinal plants used by the Aneuk Jamee tribe in Kota Bahagia Sub-Sub-district, South Aceh, Indonesia, in four villages, namely Jombo Keupok, Alur Dua Mas, Ujong Tanoh and Beutong. This research is based on field surveys, plant collections, and interviews with local people. Interviews were conducted with 11 key respondents who are experts in the field of local medicine who were selected using the purposive snowball sampling method. This research highlights around 152 plant taxa belonging to 59 families. Poaceae (13 taxa) are the dominant family of medicinal plants. In the medicinal plant habitat, 77 taxa (50.7%) are predominantly wild and 75 taxa (49.3%) are cultivated. The part of the plant that is commonly used is the leaves (46.1%) which is the dominant part used. Squeezing (24%) was the main preparation method, and drinking (60.4%) was the commonly used method. The study categorizes 59 diseases into 16 categories. A high Informant Consensus Factor (ICF) value indicates that symptoms and signs affecting the skin and subcutaneous tissue (SCT), as well as diseases related to the blood and blood-forming organs, including certain disorders involving the body's immune mechanisms (DBF), have a significant level of agreement among the informants.
Phytochemical, antioxidant, and in-silico studies of Erigeron sumatrensis from Gayo Highlands as a potential inhibitor of Type-2 diabetes mellitus VIVERA RUSELLI PUSPA; ZUMAIDAR ZUMAIDAR; NURDIN NURDIN; FITMAWATI FITMAWATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 7 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250739

Abstract

Abstract. Puspa VR, Zumaidar, Nurdin, Fitmawati. 2024. Phytochemical, antioxidant, and in-silico studies of Erigeron sumatrensis from Gayo Highlands as a potential inhibitor of type-2 diabetes mellitus. Biodiversitas 25: 3179-3192. Erigeron sumatrensis Retz., a wild medicinal herb, was determined qualitatively and quantitatively for its leaf extract's phytochemical constituents and antioxidant capacity and to conduct computational studies. Secondary metabolites identified included flavonoids, phenolics, terpenoids, steroids, and alkaloids. The methanol fraction exhibited the greatest TPC (5945.45 mg GAE/g). Antioxidant activity, as determined by the ABTS assay, indicated a significant radical scavenging activity in the methanol fraction of E. sumatrensis leaves, with an IC50 value of 57.67 ?g/mL. In silico molecular docking revealed that cucurbitacin b, 25-desacetoxy-?-sitosterol, and ?-amyrin exhibited potential as ?-glucosidase inhibitors (PDB ID: 2QMJ). The same compounds demonstrated inhibitory properties against ?-amylase (PDB ID: 2QV4), with acarbose as a positive control with a binding energy of -7.8 kcal/mol. The ADMET profiles indicated compliance with Lipinski's rule of five for all compounds, suggesting their suitability as an orally administered drug. Based on these findings, E. sumatrensis has excellent potential as a source of raw materials for antidiabetic drug formulation, so it needs to be further investigated for pharmaceutical applications.

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