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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Structure and function role of soil nematode communities in different types of vegetation in Yogyakarta and Central Java, Indonesia SIWI INDARTI; SRI NURYANI HIDAYAH UTAMI; NUGROHO SUSETYA PUTRA; RINA MAHARANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 6 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250647

Abstract

Abstract. Indarti S, Utami SNH, Putra NS, Maharani R. 2024. Structure and function role of soil nematode communities in different types of vegetation in Yogyakarta and Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2765-2772. Soil nematodes are crucial parts of the soil organism community and play a significant role in many ecological soil processes. It is necessary to pay greater attention to the lack of knowledge regarding the composition and role of the soil nematode community in different vegetations. Hence, the nematode structure community from minimal to soil stillages have been observed and compared from seven distinct types of vegetation. This study aimed to determine the soil nematode community structure, which includes the dominance, abundance, richness, diversity, and functional role of nematodes, as well as other chemical soil properties. Vegetation type represents soil management and has an impact on the life of soil organisms such as nematodes. A total of approximately 2328 soil nematodes were found, and 18 genera were identified. The Nematode Indicator Joint Analysis (NINJA) revealed that the vegetation type, land use, and soil chemical properties influence the nematode’s abundance, dominance, and structure differently. Through those results, the authors confirmed that soil nematodes in cultivated vegetation are dominated by the trophic groups of plant-parasitic nematodes and bacterivores. Conversely, predator, omnivores, and fungivores nematodes dominate in soil with minimal tillage. Overall, this study highlights the importance of soil nematode analysis in sustainable agricultural soil ecosystems.
Endophytic bacterial isolate diversity in suboptimal field rice and their potential in sheath blight control NUR PRIHATININGSIH; RUTH FETI RAHAYUNIATI; HERU ADI DJATMIKO; PUJI LESTARI; NUR KHOLIDA WULANSARI; I KETUT WIDNYANA; KOKO DWI SUTANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 8 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250806

Abstract

Abstract. Prihatiningsih N, Rahayuniati RF, Djatmiko HA, Lestari P, Wulansari NK, Widnyana IK, Sutanto KD. 2024. Endophytic bacterial isolate diversity in suboptimal field rice and their potential in sheath blight control. Biodiversitas 25: 3359-3367. Rice root endophytic bacteria from suboptimal fields rice are beneficial for controlling plant pathogens. The present research aimed to characterize morphology and biochemical properties, identify secondary metabolites of rice root endophytic bacteria and evaluate their potential as biocontrol for sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani. The present study focused on five endophytic bacteria, specifically Bacillus sp., with white colonies, rod-shaped cells, Gram-positive characteristics, and catalase-positive. These bacteria were selected from rice root samples due to their potential as antagonists against the pathogenic fungus R. solani. The inhibition potential of endophytes against R. solani was determined by measuring the radius of the fungal colony in the presence of the endophytic bacteria isolates. Among them, NP KR4 showed the highest inhibition percentage of 46.00 ± 6.25%, which was attributed to the antibiosis mechanism causing hyphal swelling. A molecular test using the 16S rRNA gene was conducted to determine the isolates' genetic identity. Comparing the gene sequences with those in the genetic database, it was found that NP A5, NP KR4, and NP KR7 isolates were similar to B. subtilis strain 2JKP676166, although with a few base pair differences. NP A6 exhibited a close relation to B. subtilis strain YT2 HQ143571, while NP SB3 was identified as B. subtilis subsp. stercoris strain EG1265MN704551. Further analysis of the endophytic bacteria's secondary metabolites through Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectroscopy revealed the presence of alkaloids, phenols, alcohols, and fatty acids. Among the isolates, NP KR4 demonstrated the highest biocontrol effectiveness against sheath blight, with an efficacy of 58.74%. Overall, the results indicated that the rice root endophytic bacteria isolated from suboptimal fields possess multiple contemporary traits, including antifungal activity and strain-specific differences as Bacillus subtilis. These findings suggest promising prospects for developing bio-fungicide formulations to promote sustainable rice production.
Application of DNA barcode for the genetic analysis and identifying a May nuoc mo species in Quang Nam Province, Central Vietnam HUYNH KIM HIEU; NGUYEN VAN MINH; NGUYEN VAN LOI; HO THANH HA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 8 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250801

Abstract

Abstract. Hieu HK, Minh NV, Loi NV, Ha HT. 2024. Application of DNA barcode for the genetic analysis and identifying a May nuoc mo species in Quang Nam Province, Central Vietnam. Biodiversitas 25: 3299-3308. Precise identification in Calamus, the genus in the subfamily Calamoideae (Arecaceae), is challenging due to taxonomic complexities. This study aimed to discriminate and identify the 23 May nuoc mo samples collected from Quang Nam, Vietnam using four barcoding regions (rbcL, matK, psbA-trnH, and ITS nrDNA) and combined with morphological characters. DNA sequence data from those regions were analyzed using distance, tree, and similarity-based statistical methods. All region sequences presented no variable sites, except for rbcL gene region with a low rate of nucleotide differences of 0.270%. The results of the 23 May nuoc mo samples were highly similar from 99.73 to 100% to Calamus sp. N_XT142 (ON248649.1 and MK692404.1) and no gene regions were proposed as barcodes for species identification in this study. All samples shared certain morphological characteristics, including leaflets arranged regularly but with gaps; petioles with yellow spine groups; and leaf sheaths with hairs, densely arranged with brown, triangular, and flattened spines, and interspersed among many short, and black spines. Based on these results, we recommend using some other gene regions (rpoC, and rpoB)) in species identification to shed more light on these May nuoc mo samples with subsequent studies.
Effect of Lactobacillus casei FNCC 0090 to improve gastrointestinal bacterial abundance, immune system and water quality in catfish farming NURUL ‘AINI; MUHAMMAD BACHRUDDIN; FATIMAH FATIMAH; SAPTO ANDRIYONO; SRI PUJI ASTUTI WAHYUNINGSIH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 5 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250531

Abstract

Abstract. ‘Aini N, Bachruddin M, Fatimah, Andriyono S, Wahyuningsih SPA. 2024. Effect of Lactobacillus casei FNCC 0090 to improve gastrointestinal bacterial abundance, immune system and water quality in catfish farming. Biodiversitas 25: 2130-2138. Catfish is the most widely cultivated type of fish. However, along with the increase in catfish production as an effort to fulfill the fishery stock, there is an obstacle to the emergence of disease infection caused by Aeromonas hydrophila. For this reason, good fisheries management is required. One of the efforts to deal with this is by giving probiotics Lactobacillus casei FNCC 00990. Lactobacillus casei FNCC 0090 is expected to improve the immune system of catfish through improving the blood profile of fish and increasing the number of lactic acid bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of catfish. This research aims to determine the effect of administering the probiotic L. casei FNCC 0090 on the abundance of microbes in the fish digestive tract, immune system, and water quality in cultivating catfish infected with A. hydrophila. The research design was a completely randomized design with five treatments and five replications. The treatments were A (administering 5% probiotics and infected with 0.1 mL x 108 CFU/mL), B (10% probiotics and infected), C (15% probiotics and infected), KP (positive control with 0% probiotics and infected with pathogens), KN (negative control, without probiotics and pathogen infection). Fish are kept for 42 days; on the 35th day, the fish were infected with A. hydrophila by intramuscular injection. Probiotics were mixed with feed with a total of 108 CFU/mL. Data in the form of BAL counts and total bacterial counts of fish digestive tracts, blood profiles, and water quality were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 23.0 (IBM SPSS Statistics). The results showed
Metabolomic profiling unravels divergent adaptive responses of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) seedlings to drought stress under shaded and unshaded conditions M. ADRIAN; RATNA WULANDARI; EDYSON SEMBIRING; AZIS NATAWIJAYA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 6 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250609

Abstract

Abstract. Adrian M, Wulandari R, Sembiring E, Natawijaya A. 2024. Metabolomic profiling unravels divergent adaptive responses of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) seedlings to drought stress under shaded and unshaded conditions. Biodiversitas 25: 2404-2414. This research takes a unique approach by investigating the metabolomic responses of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) seedlings to drought stress under both shaded and unshaded conditions. Drought stress poses a significant threat to oil palm cultivation, with profound implications for global palm oil production. Our study aims to unravel the adaptive mechanisms of oil palm seedlings through metabolomic profiling, specifically focusing on amino acids and isoprenoids. The methodology involved collecting samples at distinct time points, including normal conditions, 7 days after drought stress (7 DAT), and 14 days after drought stress (14 DAT). Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for comprehensive metabolite analysis. The results unveiled substantial changes in metabolite profiles, particularly in amino acids and isoprenoids, indicating the plant's concerted efforts to maintain biochemical homeostasis and vitality during drought stress. Cluster analysis revealed distinct metabolic responses between shaded and unshaded conditions, suggesting an initial conservative response followed by subsequent adaptive measures over time. The fold-change analysis identified key compounds such as Proline, Methyl Palmitate, and octadecylamine, which are crucial for the plant's adaptation to drought conditions. ROC analysis further confirmed Proline and D-Glucuronic Acid Amide as potential biomarkers for distinguishing plant responses to drought stress. This comprehensive metabolomic investigation provides valuable insights into the adaptive strategies employed by oil palm seedlings, thereby offering practical implications for developing sustainable cultivation practices and mitigating drought stress in oil palm cultivation.
Morphology characteristic and tuber content of yard cultivated Canna indica (ganyong) in Cibinong, West Java, Indonesia NITA NORIKO; YORIANTA HIDAYAT SASAERILA; SITI ANISAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 6 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250629

Abstract

Abstract. Noriko N, Sasaerila YH, Anisah S. 2024. Morphology characteristic and tuber content of yard cultivated Canna indica (ganyong) in Cibinong, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2586-2593. Canna indica L. (ganyong) tubers have the potential to be an alternative food and functional food. This study aims to obtain morphology characteristics, including the content of white tubers of C. indica planted in yards in the Cibinong; research methodology by conducting surveys and laboratory analysis. The results showed C. indica can grow in the yard without special treatment. At the age of 8 months, the average 59.8 cm of plant height, 10.8 numbers of leaves, 0.80 mm leaf thickness, 9.14 cm stem diameter, 24.51 cm2 leaf area, 112.64 g dry weight of tuber, 6.9 g dry weight of stem, 6.81 g dry weight of leaves at 34.3°C temperature, 59% humidity, 20086 lux light intensity, 4.85 soil pH, 2.3% organic C, 0.62% total N, 32.13% P2O5, 6.08% K2O, 0.51 me Ca, 0.36 me Mg, 0.31 me K, 0.5 me Na, 5.44 me/100 gr CEC, 3.71 (mg FDA g-¹soil d.w. h-¹) soil enzyme activity and 1.66 (g/cm³) bulk density. The flour from tubers contains 0.58% ash, 0.15% lipid, 1.01% protein, 1.11% crude fiber, 12.78% carbohydrates, 56.51 kcal calories, alkaloid, saponin, flavonoid, triterpenoid, and low antioxidant. Planting in the yard is recommended in the shade of sunlight. Watering and fertilizing including microelements are also required.
Land management and factors influencing agroforestry adoption on potato farmlands in the Dieng Plateau, Indonesia ARI PUJIWINARKO; TRI RETNANINGSIH SOEPROBOWATI; KISMARTINI KISMARTINI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 6 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250633

Abstract

Abstract. Pujiwinarko A, Soeprobowati TR, Kismartini. 2024. Land management and factors influencing agroforestry adoption on potato farmlands in the Dieng Plateau, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2623-2641. The Dieng area in Indonesia has long experienced agricultural land degradation, and intensive potato monoculture farming is one of the leading causes. Vegetative-based programs such as agroforestry have been implemented, but the level of adoption still needs to improve. This research aims to evaluate land management systems and analyze practices and the factors influencing agroforestry adoption of potato farming land in Dieng. We surveyed 260 potato farmers and interviewed 12 Key Informant Interviews (KII). Data were analyzed using binary logistic regression, descriptive statistics, and narrative approaches. Our research found changes in how potato farmers manage land regarding planting frequency and mulch use. The combination of potatoes and MPTS (Multi-Purpose Tree Species) is the plant composition most commonly found in agroforestry practices. Carrots (Daucus carota L.) are the vegetables that farmers most often plant when rotating potato crops. Mountain pine (Casuarina junghuhniana Miq.) and Carica (Carica pubescens (A.DC.) Lenne & K.Koch) are the species of trees and MPTS most commonly found in the fields of potato farmers who adopt agroforestry. Farmers maintain MPTS and trees on their land due to their suitability with main food crops and economic considerations. Several factors, including the species of energy source, use of mulch, frequency of potato planting, perception of disasters, farmer interest, prices, markets, the experience of vegetative activities, and government policy, significantly influence agroforestry adoption. Considering local agricultural systems, including the presence of principal crops and their management on the land, socio-economic and farmers' perspectives are essential to further increase agroforestry adoption in Dieng.
Assessing ecological impacts of agricultural practices using frogs as bioindicators AGUNG SIH KURNIANTO; ATI KUSUMAWATI; LENNY WIDJAYANTHI; DISTIANA WULANJARI; INDAH IBANAH; MUHAMMAD ARDIAN ARSY MAJID; DEA AYU PUSPITASARI; BAGUS PRIAMBODO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 7 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250742

Abstract

Abstract. Kurnianto AS, Kusumawati A, Widjayanthi L, Wulanjari D, Ibanah I, Majid MAA, Puspitasari DA, Priambodo B. 2024. Assessing ecological impacts of agricultural practices using frogs as bioindicators. Biodiversitas 25: 3208-3215. The rapid intensification of agriculture, driven by the increasing global demand for food, heavily relies on chemical inputs like pesticides and synthetic fertilizers. While these practices enhance production, they pose significant challenges to ecological balance and environmental health. Biomonitoring efforts have been developed to detect and evaluate the chemical pollutants' impact on the environment, employing species like the rice field frog (Fejervarya limnocharis Gravenhorst 1829) as bioindicators. This study aimed to assess the reliability of rice field frogs' liver gravimetry and morphology as biomonitoring tools using various analytical methods. Samples were collected from rice fields managed both organically and conventionally to analyze liver weight, individual weight, and Snout-Vent Length (SVL). This analysis was conducted to understand the environmental effects on these physiological parameters. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between the two management practices, indicating environmental conditions notably influence the frogs' physiological parameters, highlighting their potential as bioindicators for chemical pollutants. The findings underscore the need for further research to optimize biomonitoring methods for sustaining environmental health and agricultural practices. This study contributes to the development of more sophisticated and effective biomonitoring methods, supporting sustainable agricultural practices and environmental mitigation strategies.
Microbial quality and macronutrient of vermicompost produced by Eisenia fetida in dairy wastewater solids EULIS TANTI MARLINA; YULI ASTUTI HIDAYATI; ELLIN HARLIA; DEDEN ZAMZAM BADRUZZAMAN; NAOMI MEYNADHEA; NUR ARISTAWIDYA RAHAYU
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 6 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250643

Abstract

Abstract. Marlina ET, Hidayati YA, Harlia E, Badruzzaman DZ, Meynadhea N, Rahayu NA. 2024. Microbial quality and macronutrient of vermicompost produced by Eisenia fetida in dairy wastewater solids. Biodiversitas 25: 2729-2737. Dairy Wastewater Solids (DWS) contain enough nutrients for the growth of earthworms and utilize the nutritional requirements of livestock waste for growth. The growth of earthworms affects the quality of vermicompost or castings that are useful as organic fertilizers. This research aimed to determine the growth of Eisenia fertida using DWS as a growth medium, and its effect on the quality of vermicompost produced. The organic material decomposed in DWS by indigenous microorganisms and earthworms can convert DWS into organic fertilizer through composting. Rice straw was added as a carbon source to obtain the ideal C/N ratio for the growth of decomposing microorganisms. Good growth of decomposer microorganisms can increase the availability of nutrients in DWS as a source of plant nutrition. E. fetida was used in vermicomposting for 14 days after the initial decomposition phase had passed. This research used the experimental method of Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three stocking density treatments (T1: 6.6 g/L; T2: 13.3 g/L; T3: 20.0 g/L ) and six replications. The results showed that higher stocking density promoted an increase in the biomass weight of earthworms. Various indigenous microorganisms act as decomposers and work with earthworms to convert organic matter into inorganic matter as a plant nutrient. The stocking density treatment had no significant effect on vermicompost production, total nitrogen content, and P2O5 vermicompost but had a significant effect on K2O, Ca, Mg, population of Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria (NFB) and Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB). Vermicomposting, DWS, and rice straw mixture produced vermicompost with high functional microbial and macronutrient concentrations.
Aquaculture infection of Kappaphycus alvarezii by Vibrio alginolyticus causing ice-ice disease ENDRY NUGROHO PRASETYO; YUNITA PERMANASARI; AFRA BASYIRAH; SALSABILA AIDA FITRIYA; NURUL JADID; SITI ZULLAIKAH; IDA EKAWATI; ISDIANTONI ISDIANTONI; MAHARANI PERTIWI KOENTJORO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 11 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251108

Abstract

Abstract. Prasetyo EN, Permanasari Y, Basyirah A, Fitriya SA, Jadid N, Zulaikah S, Ekawati I, Isdiantoni, Koentjoro MP. 2024.  Aquaculture infection of Kappaphycus alvarezii by Vibrio alginolyticus causing ice-ice disease. Biodiversitas 25: 4086-4094. The occurrence of ice-ice disease on seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty ex P.C.Silva) tissue is indicated by the presence of bleaching and softening symptoms on thallus, which attracts microbial infection. In addition, it is often caused by unfavorable environmental conditions during specific seasons and is characterized by fragmentation as well as a reduction in biomass. To prevent the disease, several studies have suggested the use of ice-ice disease-resistant seeds. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the resistance level of seaweed seeds to microbial infection, particularly Vibrio alginolyticus, which is responsible for ice-ice disease in different aquaculture areas in Sumenep District. Data were collected from four different villages, including Brakas, Padike, Tanjung, and Lobuk, followed by analysis using descriptive qualitative method. K. alvarezii seeds collected from four villages were infected with V. alginolyticus using the in vitro method. Thallus of seaweed was then observed and water samples were taken every 6 hours for 24 hours post-infection. The results showed that seeds from Brakas had the lowest (11%) infection rate, followed by Tanjung (67%), and Padike and Lobuk (89% each). This indicated that K. alvarezii seeds from Brakas possessed a prominent activity against V. alginolyticus infection with no sign of chlorosis or tissue softening on thallus.

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