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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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[Retracted] Inventory of wild animals along the Bengkunat-Sanggi Road in Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, Lampung Province, Indonesia GUNARDI DJOKO WINARNO; YOB CHARLES; CHARLES ANTONIO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 9 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250911

Abstract

Abstract. Winarno GD, Charles Y, Antonio C. 2024. Inventory of wild animals along the Bengkunat-Sanggi Road in Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, Lampung Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2917-2924. The quality of the West Sumatra route Bengkunat-Sanggi in Indonesia has significantly improved since 2005, what was originally a dirt road became an asphalt road, leading to an increase in its utilization by various types of vehicles such as motorbikes, sedans, jeeps, buses, and trucks. This condition has an impact on wildlife activities along the road. The sound of vehicles and lights turning on at night can attract animals to move towards the road, which can endanger these animals. On the other hand, lots of vehicles crossing the road can cause animals to run far away because they are disturbed, so it is thought that the animal's movement area will also change. This study aims to explore the effects of road construction on wildlife presence, with a specific emphasis on endangered species like tigers, elephants, and rhinoceroses near the Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (BBSNP), Indonesia. Camera traps are currently being employed to record animals living in the vicinity of roads, including those that have fallen victim to vehicle collisions. The division of wildlife habitats by roads poses a substantial threat to their survival and functionality. The presence of traffic roads has been linked to an increase in accidents involving animals attempting to cross the road. Some animals appear to be disturbed by the noise generated by vehicles, leading to a reduction in their home range. Initial monitoring results at the onset of road construction indicated a higher presence of threats wild animals, specifically tiger (Panthera tigris subsp. sumatrae Pocock, 1929), Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus subsp. sumatranus Temminck, 1847) and Sumatran rhino (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis G.Fischer, 1814). To safeguard the wildlife along the Sanggi Bengkunat Road, a comprehensive approach involving all stakeholders and ensuring orderly behavior of drivers while navigating the road is imperative.
A promising strategy for conservation of endemic plant Euonymus koopmannii NURTAI GUBAIDULLIN; BALNUR KALI; DILNUR TUSSIPKAN; SHUGA A. MANABAYEVA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 7 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250733

Abstract

Abstract. Gubaidullin N, Kali B, Tussipkan D, Manabayeva SA. 2024. A promising strategy for conservation of Central Asian endemic plant Euonymus koopmannii. Biodiversitas 25: 3114-3120. Cryopreservation of endemic plants is necessary to safeguard the biodiversity and genetic resources of unique species that may face extinction due to climate change or human activities. This process enables the long-term preservation of their genetic information and ensures the possibility of restoring these species. Euonymus koopmannii Lauche is, known as E. nanus var. turkestanicus, is a native to Kazakhstan and other Central Asian countries. The E. koopmannii is listed in the Red Book of Kazakhstan and has ecological importance in soil stabilization and its decorative value. This study aims to contribute to the conservation efforts of E. koopmannii by establishing an effective cryopreservation protocol for its meristems. This study has identified for the first time an optimized cryopreservation protocol for E. koopmannii meristems involving specific treatment durations and osmotic solutions. The protocol resulted in a significantly higher survival rate (60%) when meristems were precultured with 0.3 M sucrose, treated with Plant Vitrification Solution 2 for 30 min., and regenerated on a medium with 20 g/L sucrose. Secondly, a comparative analysis of cryopreserved regenerates with a control group has revealed that cryopreservation negatively impacted the plant height but significantly increased the number of meristem shoots and roots. This finding highlights the trade-off between growth and root development in cryopreserved plants. Thirdly, the presented optimization of the cryopreservation protocol provides valuable insights for the preservation and regeneration of E. koopmannii meristems. It emphasizes the critical importance of precise treatments and the composition of the nutrient medium to achieve successful cryopreservation and subsequent recovery of plants in tissue culture. This research provides essential information for conserving E. koopmannii, shedding light on the intricate balance required to apply cryopreservation techniques effectively.
Molecular diagnosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from clinical and milk samples HANAA DAAJ KHALAF AL-MOZAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 8 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250837

Abstract

Abstract. Al-Mozan HDK. 2024. Molecular diagnosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from clinical and milk samples. Biodiversitas 25: 2648-2655. The extensive use of antiseptic and disinfectants, which are not free of quaternary ammonium compounds, which has occurred recently, led to the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria. The current study aimed to determine the accurate method of identification, the presence of QacE, and QacE?1 genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from milk compared to P. aeruginosa of clinical isolates, and the relationship between the presence of QacE, QacE?1 genes, and multidrug resistance. Therefore, 27 clinical and 34 milk samples were collected and examined by biochemical and molecular methods to detect P. aeruginosa bacteria. Also, a susceptibility test was performed. The results exhibited that 13 (21.3%) isolates were identified as P. aeruginosa using biochemical methods, 8 (13.1%) isolates were identified as P. aeruginosa by molecular method; the QacE and QacE?1 genes were 100% and 83.3% for clinical isolates and 50% and 100%, respectively, for milk isolates. Both isolates showed superior resistance to ceftazidime and vancomycin, but the clinical isolates outperformed the milk isolates by 50% to ciprofloxacin, and imipenem. Clinical isolates were resistant to a greater number of drugs compared to milk isolates. The isolates with the accession numbers (LC805650, LC805652, and LC805651) were registered as new strains. Expression of QacE, QacE?1 genes should be examined to know the true relationship.
Sustainability strategy for turtle conservation in Kelapa Dua Island, Kepulauan Seribu District, Jakarta, Indonesia GRACIELLA STEVANI GULO; SRI SETIAWATI TUMUYU; MUFTI PETALA PATRIA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 5 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250548

Abstract

Abstract. Gulo GS, Tumuyu SS, Patria MP. 2024. Sustainability strategy for turtle conservation in Kelapa Dua Island, Kepulauan Seribu District, Jakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2307-2314. The background of this research stems from the excessive exploitation and shift from subsistence to commercial use that has caused a decline in turtle populations. Therefore, it is necessary to safeguard turtle populations within Indonesia's distinct marine habitats, particularly at SPTN (National Park Management) I, Kelapa Dua Island, Kepulauan Seribu, Jakarta, Indonesia. Addressing the challenges in turtle conservation, this study systematically collected data through expert interviews, providing in-depth insights into the conservation landscape. The research methodology includes data collection via expert interviews and subsequent analysis using the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) method, providing a strategic framework to enhance conservation outcomes. The results highlight the critical need for habitat protection, stakeholder involvement, and rigorous law enforcement. Based on the four alternative strategies that have been prepared, the S-T strategy approach has the highest score, namely 4, making it a priority strategy for sustainable turtle conservation on Kelapa Dua Island. The following strategic priorities are W-O strategy, S-O strategy and W-T strategy. This study's conclusion shows suitable strategies for research problems, such as advocation for habitat protection, active stakeholder involvement, and strict law enforcement to ensure the effectiveness and sustainability of conservation initiatives.
A comprehensive study of phytonematodes of grape plants in the conditions of the Surkhandarya Valley, Uzbekistan ALISHER KHURAMOV; LOBAR BOBOKELDIEVA; SIROJ CHORIYEV; BAKHODIR RAKHMATULLAEV; NAVRUZ KHIMMATOV; SHAKHBOZ RAIMOV; GULCHEKHRA NARZULLAEVA; SHAKHNOZA BOBOKELDIYEVA; MUKHLISA MUKHIDDINOVA; MAKHBUBA KARSHIEVA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 11 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251103

Abstract

Abstract. Khuramov A, Bobokeldieva L, Choriyev S, Rakhmatullaev B, Khimmatov N, Raimov S, Narzullaeva G, Bobokeldiyeva S, Mukhiddinova M, Karshieva M. 2024. A comprehensive study of phytonematodes of grape plants in the conditions of the Surkhandarya Valley, Uzbekistan. Biodiversitas 25: 4033-4042. Article analyzes the faunal complex of grape phytonematodes collected from 2018 to 2020 from 14 districts and 28 farms of the Surkhandarya Valley, Uzbekistan. Sample collection was carried out using the route (collecting samples by going to predetermined areas in a certain direction) method generally accepted in modern faunal studies. The Berman funnel method was used to isolate nematodes permanent and temporary preparations for determination of the type and gender of nematodes were prepared according to the Seinhorst method; when determining the species of phytonematodes, the works of domestic and foreign authors were used, as well as morphometric indicators obtained using the generally accepted de Mann formula. During the study period, we found 118 species of phytonematodes belonging to 54 genera, 33 families, 9 orders, and 2 subclasses on grape agrocenoses. The discovered nematodes are distributed among the orders as follows: The order Monhysterida is represented by 5 species: Enoplida-1, Mononchida-6, Dorylaimida-23, Alaimida-5, Rhabditida-7, Teratocephalida-25, Aphelenchida-19 and the order Tylenchida-27 species. The degree of dominance of registered phytonematodes in the roots and root soil of grapes was studied. According to the frequency of occurrence of the detected species of phytonematodes in root and soil samples, there were no dominant or eudominant species; in the root soil of grapes; of the subdominants 10 species and 108 species were classified as subrecedents. In the root system of grapes, the subdominants are total 10 species. In the root system of grapes, all other species of phytonematodes registered (74 species) are classified as subrecedents.
The antimicrobial and antioxidant potentials of Annona species (A. muricata, A. squamosa, and A. reticulata) through leaf infusions NURMIATI NURMIATI; PERIADNADI PERIADNADI; SONIA FARMILA SYAHRIL; TRI WIDYA EDELWIS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 8 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250813

Abstract

Abstract. Nurmiati N, Periadnadi P, Syahril SF, Edelwis TW. 2024. The antimicrobial and antioxidant potentials of Annona species (A. muricata, A. squamosa, and A. reticulata) through leaf infusions. Biodiversitas 25: 3422-3430. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of infusions derived from dried leaves of Soursop (Annona muricata L.), Sugar Apple (Annona squamosa L.), and Custard Apple (Annona reticulata L.). Using a nested pattern experimental method, this research aimed to evaluate the potential of these plant extracts in inhibiting microbial growth and antioxidant properties. The experiment used in this research is a nested experimental design with 2 factors and 3 replications, where factor A represents the extract type, while factor B represents the test microorganism. The antibacterial assay was conducted using the disk diffusion and dilution methods against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Lethal Concentration (MLC) are determined. Antioxidant activity was assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, while Total Phenolic Content (TPC) and carotenoid levels were measured using Folin-Ciocalteu and spectrophotometric methods, respectively. The results showed that the infusion of dried custard apple leaves had the highest growth inhibition against S. aureus ATCC 29213, with a zone of inhibition of 10.65 mm. However, these effects were not significantly different for E. coli American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) 25922 and C. albicans. The dried custard apple leaf infusion showed an inhibition rate of 48.58% against S. aureus, compared to the positive control chloramphenicol (0.1 mg/mL), and inhibition rates of 24.57% against E. coli and 28.70% against C. albicans, compared to the positive control fluconazole (0.1 mg/mL). The results revealed that the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of soursop and custard apple leaf extracts against S. was 6.25%, with a Minimum Lethal Concentration (MLC) of 12.5%. The MIC of sugar apple leaf extract against S. aureus was 6.25%, with an MLC of 25%. The antioxidant activity of the soursop leaf extract had the highest antioxidant activity, with the IC50 value of 38.56 ?g/mL. The custard apple leaf extract had the highest polyphenol content (38.97 mgGAE/mL). The fresh sugar apple leaf extract emerged as the leader in carotenoid content, recording an impressive 548.84 ?mol/g. This research revealed the potential bioactivity of the infusions derived from dried leaves of Soursop, Sugar Apple, and Custard Apple for antimicrobial efficacy and potent antioxidant properties. Therefore, they might have the potential as novel therapeutic agents and nutraceuticals.
The spread and fauna of orthopterans (Insecta: Orthoptera) in Namangan Region, Uzbekistan A. A. NURJANOV; M. J. MEDETOV; M. Q. BEGJANOV; B. R. KHOLMATOV; S. A. KHALILLAYEV; F. A. GAPPAROV; F. A. NURJONOV; N. K. TUFLIYEV; M. Y. RADJAFOV
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 8 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250834

Abstract

Abstract. Nurjanov AA, Medetov MJ, Begjanov MQ, Kholmatov BR, Khalillayev SA, Gapparov FA, Nurjonov FA, Tufliyev NK, Radjafov MY. 2024. The spread and fauna of orthopterans (Insecta: Orthoptera) in Namangan Region, Uzbekistan. Biodiversitas 25: 2619-2628. The Namangan Region, which makes up one-third of the Fergana Valley, is separated from other regions of Uzbekistan by the Kurama and Chatkal mountain ranges. Because of this, the region's fauna differs from the central, northern, and southern areas. During the research (2018-2023), data on the biological diversity, features of inter-landscape distribution, density, and number of orthopterans identified from natural and agrolandscapes of Namangan Region has been analyzed. Samples were collected from 48 coordinates. The results recorded 65 species and subspecies belonging to 8 families, 12 subfamilies, and 46 genera. Furthermore, 38 species (59.4%) of orthopterans found in the territories of Namangan Region are distributed in different agro landscapes, 29 species (45.3%) in hills, and 44 species (68.7%) in mountains. Based on a comparison of species diversity between landscapes using the Jaccard method, it was discovered that there was a 70% difference between species of agrolandscapes (wheat and cotton field) and mountain, a 65% difference between species of mountain and hills, and a 64% difference between species of hills and agrocenosis. In the analysis of species distribution based on density, the following species ranges were found to exist: 8 species are classified as extremely rare, 38 species are classified as constantly distributed, 16 species are classified as common, and 3 species are classified as swarming species. Based on the information obtained from the experiments, it is recommended to add the extremely rare species to the list of unique species and to carry out the control measures against swarming species.
Vegetation diversity, structure and composition in nature-based recreation sites as a potential tourist attraction in Banyuwangi, Indonesia LAILA NUR HABIBAH; LUCHMAN HAKIM; EDRIANA PANGESTUTI; DIAN SISWANTO; BRIAN RAHARDI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 9 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250950

Abstract

Abstract. Habibah LN, Hakim L, Pangestuti E, Siswanto D, Rahardi B. 2024. Vegetation diversity, structure and composition in nature-based recreation sites as a potential tourist attraction in Banyuwangi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 3273-3285. The presence of vegetation in nature-based tourism sites plays an important role in adding natural scenic beauty and creating comfortable local climates. However, the potential of vegetation in the recreation landscape for conservation and educational aspects is less studied. This research aims to identify vegetation diversity, structure and composition of plant species in nature-based tourism recreation sites in Banyuwangi District, East Java. Vegetation survey was conducted at 16 recreation sites, ranging from coastal to lower mountain ecosystems with varying management types from national parks, state and privately owned enterprises and community-private ownerships. Research shows that recreation sites contain diverse plant species that can support nature-based tourism attractions. The recreation sites in the national parks harbor native vegetation in, which it is important for biodiversity education through nature-based tourism programs. Fewer exotic plant species are found in nature-based recreation sites, especially in conservation areas. Conversely, nature-based recreation sites managed by community and private are dominated by exotic plant species. The existence of exotic plant species in nature-based recreation sites can add economic value by providing agrotourism activities, yet it requires special attention to protect the native habitats in those sites.
Isolation and characterization of plant growth-promoting bacteria from medicinal plants Java cardamom (Amomum compactum) and bitter ginger (Zingiber zerumbet) ALMANDO GERALDI; CHRISTOPHER CLEMENT; MAYA DEWI PERTIWI; YESYI LESTARI; DHAMMARUCI HEMADHIRA PARINNATA; RIFAID NUR ARSAD; RAMA ALI SADIKIN; ARIF LUQMAN; HERI SANTOSO; ALFINDA NOVI KRISTANTI; YOSEPHINE SRI WULAN MANUHARA; ANJAR TRI WIBOWO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 6 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250626

Abstract

Abstract. Geraldi A, Clement C, Pertiwi MD, Lestari Y, Parinnata DH, Arsad RN, Sadikin RA, Luqman A, Santoso H, Kristanti AN, Manuhara YSW, Wibowo AT. 2024. Isolation and characterization of plant growth-promoting bacteria from medicinal plants Java cardamom (Amomum compactum) and bitter ginger (Zingiber zerumbet). Biodiversitas 25: 2556-2564. Java cardamom (Amomum compactum) and bitter ginger (Zingiber zerumbet) are valuable medicinal plants native to Indonesia with significant economic and pharmacological importance. While their pharmacological properties have been extensively studied, little is known about the role of their endophytic bacterial communities in influencing plant growth and development. Understanding the interactions between these plants and their associated bacteria could provide insights into novel strategies to enhance their cultivation. This study investigates the potential of endophytic bacteria associated with A. compactum and Z. zerumbet in promoting plant growth. Samples were collected from leaf, rhizome, and rhizosphere soil, followed by isolation and characterization of bacterial strains. Molecular identification revealed the presence of Methylobacterium aquaticum, Paenibacillus tyrfis, Priestia megaterium strain 1, Priestia aryabhattai, and Microbacterium arthrosphaerae among the isolated strains from A. compactum, while strains isolated from Z. zerumbet included Enterobacter mori, Pr. megaterium strain 2, and Pr. megaterium strain 3. Those results demonstrated that Pr. megaterium strains exhibited strong phosphate solubilization, nitrogen fixation, and cellulolytic activity, while Pr. aryabhattai and Pa. tyrfis showed significant nitrogen fixation and cellulolytic potential. Additionally, M. aquaticum, Pa. tyrfis, and Pr. aryabhattai exhibited anti-phytopathogenic activity against Xanthomonas campestris. These findings not only highlight the diverse beneficial attributes of the isolated bacterial strains but also suggest their potential application as biofertilizers and biocontrol agents in agriculture, offering a promising avenue for sustainable farming practices.
Water quality and plankton diversity to support aquaculture in the middle Mahakam Watershed, East Kalimantan, Indonesia HENNY PAGORAY; IWAN SUYATNA; KOMSANAH SUKARTI; ARIF DATA KESUMA; TUNGGUL BUTARBUTAR; MUHAMMAD RAAFI; MUHAMMAD BAGJA BRITANIA SUYATNA; TAUFAN PURWOKUSUMANING DARU
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260124

Abstract

Abstract. Pagoray H, Suyatna I, Sukarti K, Kesuma AD, Butarbutar T, Raafi M, Suyatna MBB, Daru TP. 2025. Water quality and plankton diversity to support aquaculture in the middle Mahakam Watershed, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 26: 233-245. The middle Mahakam watershed is associated with floodplain areas such as Semayang Lake, Melintang Lake, and Siran Lake, comprises some of the longest and widest rivers in East Kalimantan, and plays an important role in fisheries-based economic development. This study aimed to determine water quality in the middle Mahakam and asses its influence on the abundance, diversity, evenness and dominance of plankton in the context of aquaculture. Samples were collected at six sampling points: Pela River (Sangkuliman Village), Pela Lama, middle of Semayang Lake, Mahakam River, Enggelam Estuary, and Melintang Lake. At all sampling points, most parameters met the quality standards of East Kalimantan Provincial Government (2011), except pH, watercolor, COD, and phenol. Phytoplankton and zooplankton abundance was highest in the Mahakam River, with the most phytoplankton belonging to class Bacillariophyceae (49%), and most zooplankton to the Rotifera (63%). The diversity, evenness, and dominance of phytoplankton and zooplankton were relatively low at all sampling points. Various chemical and physical factors influence plankton, so their presence is dependent on and can affect the water quality. There is a need to pay attention to plankton-related aspects that can be used to estimate productivity and aquaculture potential.

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