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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Biodiversity of subterranean termites on the Acacia crassicarpa plantation NOOR FARIKHAH HANEDA; ICHMA YELDHA RETMADHONA; DODI NANDIKA; ARINANA ARINANA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 4 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180445

Abstract

Haneda NF, Retmadhona IY, Nandika D, Arinana. 2017. Biodiversity of subterranean termites on the Acacia crassicarpa plantation. Biodiversitas 18: 1657-1662. The development of industrial plantation forests is one of the efforts to meet the needs of raw material of processing industry of timber forest products. In the last 15 years, the development of industrial plantation forest has grown rapidly. Plant species widely developed is fast-growing plants (fast growing trees) such as Acacia crassicarpa Cunn ex Benth. However, A. crassicarpa has a low resistance against pests, evidenced by the presence of subterranean termites attack occurred in the industrial plantation forest of A. crassicarpa. This aim of the study is to determine the diversity of subterranean termites in plantation forest of A. crassicarpa. Two methods used for data collection: baiting system and survey. Five species of subterranean termites found on sample paths were Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren, C. gestroi Wasmann, Schedorhinotermes javanicus Kemner, Longipeditermes longipes Haviland, and Pericapritermes mohri Kemner. These species can be distinguished from the morphology of the mandible. Coptotermes is most commonly found Genus in study plots.
Phenotypic, morphometric characterization and population structure of Pasundan cattle at West Java, Indonesia SYAHRUDDIN SAID; WIDYA PINTAKA BAYU PUTRA; SAIFUL ANWAR; PASKAH PARTOGI AGUNG; HANI YUHANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 4 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180443

Abstract

Said S, Putra WPB, Anwar S, Agung PP, Yuhani H. 2017. Phenotypic, morphometric characterization and population structure of Pasundan cattle at West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1638-1645. Identification of phenotypic and morphometric characteristics in indigenous cattle is important in characterizing breeds of animals. This study was carried out to identify the phenotypic and morphometric characteristics of 813 indigenous Pasundan cattle from West Java Province of Indonesia. The coat color of Pasundan cattle is mainly solid reddish brown (>90%) with black color on hoof (>90%), switch of tail (>80%), eyelid (>90%), muzzle (>90%), horn (>90%) and whitish color on mouth lash (>80%) and reddish brown color on legs (>60%) and rump patch (>60%). The physical characteristic of Pasundan cattle mainly is the hump in males (65.23%) or humpless in female (74.91%), small dewlap size (>60%), presence of back line (>60%) and horned (>80%) with upper curved horn (>90%). The average of withers height (WH), body length (BL), chest girth (CG) and scrotal circumference (SC) of adult male Pasundan cattle were 128.94+16.69 cm; 128.72+15.98 cm; 159.36+15.84 cm and 17.68+3.51cm respectively. Therefore, the average of WH, BL, and CG of adult female Pasundan cattle was 122.56+11.40 cm; 115.63+19.06 cm and 140.13+12.16 cm respectively. Natural Increase (NI) and calf crop values were 18.46% (low category) and 20.40% respectively. Net Replacement Rate (NRR) values were 300% (male) and 507% (female) and indicated that West Java province was still capable to produce seed stock per year.
Conformation traits of dairy cattle populations in selected Districts of Northwestern Amhara, Ethiopia MISGANAW MAMMO; KEFYALEW ALEMAYEHU; ASAMINEW TASSEW
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 4 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180447

Abstract

Mammo M, Alemayehu K, Tassew A. 2017. Conformation traits of dairy cattle populations in selected Districts of Northwestern Amhara, Ethiopia. Biodiversitas 18: 1669-1679. The study was conducted in three selected districts of northwestern Amhara. The objective was to quantify the characteristics of conformation traits of dairy cattle populations at smallholder farmers' level. 279 cattle keepers were selected for measurement of conformation traits. About 105 indigenous cattle from each district and 42 crossbred female cattle were considered for measurement. SPSS (2007) was used to analyze qualitative data and SAS (2014) for quantitative data. The results revealed that the conformation trait measurements (cm) of indigenous cattle had significant variation (P< 0.001) on neck length for dairy type (54.07 ± 4.80) and meat type (51.96 ± 4.05) traits. The width at the point of the shoulder was 7.72 ±1.96, 6.60 ± 1.68 and 5.35 ± 1.61 for meat type, dual type and for dairy type cattle, respectively. A male cattle had significant variation over female except neck length. All qualitative traits were laid intermediate levels (4-6 point) except crossbred which was 63.64 %. About 30% of dairy type cattle had high rear udder depth and 43.33% dairy type cattle had strong central ligament. Crossbred cattle had 42.1% sickled rear leg. In general, about 57.5% dairy type cattle and 95.2% crossbred cattle have very angular shape as 75% of meat type cattle lack angularity. From this research, it could be concluded that there were significant differences of conformation traits between dairy type and beef type cattle from the cattle population considered in the study for developing specialized dairy or beef breed types. As well as indigenous dairy type cattle are comparable to other known dairy cattle breeds like Kanan, Fogera and Barka. However, farmers did not exercise in developing product specific and specialized breeds with their corresponding production system than multipurpose. Thus, selection and appropriate planed breeding program is crucial for future dairy cattle genetic improvement to match genotype and environment and meet producers’ production objectives. Hence, conformation traits can be a vital tool to make decisions on cattle selection and breed improvement.
Phylogenetic relationships within the Scylla (Portunidae) assessed by the mitochondrial DNA sequence HURUL ADILA-AIDA MOHAMAD ROSLY; SITI AZIZAH MOHD NOR; DARLINA MD. NAIM
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 4 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180449

Abstract

Rosly HAAM, Mohd Nor SA, Md. Naim D. 2017. Phylogenetic relationships within the Scylla (Portunidae) assessed by the mitochondrial DNA sequence. Biodiversitas 18: 1696-1704. This study was centered around the phylogenetic of mud crab genus Scylla collected across Malaysia based on a 542 base pairs (bp) section of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) from 201 individuals. Sampling locations were nine areas including one location from Borneo (Sabah and Sarawak). The Maximum Parsimony (MP) and Neighbor-Joining (NJ) methods was conducted for phylogenetic analysis and performed in MEGA ver. 5.05. We found that S. olivacea is the plenteous species collected with 111 individuals, followed by S. tranquebarica with 61 individuals. Scylla paramamosain is barely found throughout our sampling locations with only 29 individuals caught in this study. Regrettably, no wild samples of S. serrata was found during our sampling occasions, accordingly life specimens were purchased from restaurants to complete the analysis. Both MP and NJ phylogenetic trees shows a monophyletic relationships among all four species within genus Scylla included in this study. This was also supported by the genetic distance analysis based on Tamura-Nei which indicates that there is high interspecific and low intraspecific genetic distances among and within species of Scylla included in the analysis. This investigation divulged a solid proof that supports the occurrence of three species of Scylla with the nonappearance of S. serrata in Malaysian waters. This current investigations could serve as a guidance for promoting further assessment on aquaculture and conservation management for the species.
Biology and fisheries aspects of Western Longnose Spurdog, Squalus edmundsi from the Eastern Indian Ocean, Indonesia FAHMI FAHMI; AGUS ARIFIN SENTOSA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 4 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180451

Abstract

Fahmi, Sentosa AR. 2017. Biology and fisheries aspects of Western Longnose Spurdog, Squalus edmundsi from the Eastern Indian Ocean, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1714-1722. A research has been done to determine some biological aspects of Western Longnose Spurdog (Squalus edmundsi) from the Eastern Indian Ocean Fishing Region in Indonesia (WPP 573). A total of 1797 samples were recorded from bottom longline fisheries at Tanjung Luar, Lombok from July 2015 to November 2016 by a trained enumerator. The study revealed that Selat Alas and the south west of Sumbawa waters are the most fished areas in the region for this species, with the peak fishing season may occur from January to March. The average catch rate of S. edmundsi was about 8 individuals per boat. The size of sharks varied from 470 mm to 1150 m total length (TL), with average size was 723.6±111.5 mm. Size distributions and sex ratio between females and males were significantly different, indicating a sexual dimorphism. This study revealed a fact that there was no seasonal pattern in the reproductive cycle of S. edmundsi in this region, which means the parturition may occur throughout the year. Analysis on its population status showed that this species was very susceptible to overfishing. This condition should be responded by the government through management actions for its fishery.
Reproductive ecology, spawning potential, and breeding season of blue swimming crab (Portunidae: Portunus pelagicus) in Java Sea, Indonesia TRI ERNAWATI; BAMBANG SUMIONO; HAWIS MADDUPPA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 4 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180450

Abstract

Ernawati T, Sumiono B, Madduppa H. 2017. Reproductive ecology, spawning potential, and breeding season of blue swimming crab (Portunidae: Portunus pelagicus) in Java Sea, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1705-1713. The blue swimming crab (Portunidae: Portunus pelagicus) is one of the most economically important fisheries species in Indonesia. Little is known about their reproductive ecology and key biological characteristics. This study aimed to investigate population biology and reproductive ecology (Carapace’s width to weight relationship, growth, natural mortality, size at first maturity and at first captured, Spawning Potential Ratio (SPR), and breeding season) of P. pelagicus at six important landing sites around the Java Sea (Jakarta, Cirebon, Demak, Rembang, Sumenep, and Sampit) from January 2014 to January 2015. Monthly data were collected by fishers at each landing sites, with a total of 14,408 individuals being measured. The study found that males were heavier than females and the smallest mean of individuals’ height belonged to Jakarta compared to other locations. The growth parameters varied at the different locations. Crabs could grow up to 100 mm in 10 months with the maximum age being less than three years. The growth rate (K) of more than 1 indicated a fast-growing crustacean with a short lifespan. The lowest carapace width at first capture (Lc) for the BSC was obtained from crabs caught using a bottom gillnet landed in Jakarta, followed by dredged crabs in Cirebon. The mean carapace width at first maturity (Lm) in the Java Sea was 10.6 cm, with the lowest Lm of female crabs being landed in Cirebon and the highest in Sampit. The Spawning Potential Ratio (SPR) ranged from 11% to 24% and the selectivity curve for the BSC fishery at each landing sites is positioned well to the right of the generic maturity curve, except in Demak, suggests that the operation enables almost all crabs to mature and spawn before entering the fishery. The collapsible trap was the most selective gear, with an average catch of 112 mm across at all landing sites, and the least selective was in trawls. Therefore consideration needs to be given to the different gear types used to catch crabs to leave smaller crabs in the water longer to grow to maturity. Considering its fast growth and peak season (February-April and August-October), a short-period is recommended at some sites that have been over-exploited to rebuild a broodstock to support the long-term sustainability of this species.
Diversity and pattern of nest preference of bat species at bat-dwelling caves in Gombong Karst, Central Java, Indonesia FAHMA WIJAYANTI; IBNU MARYANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 3 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180302

Abstract

Wijayanti F, Maryanto I. 2017 Diversity and pattern of nest preference of bat species at bat-dwelling caves in Gombong Karst, Central Java, Indonesia Biodiversitas 18: 864-874. A study on the diversity of bat species, their community structure and pattern of roosting preference, has been conducted in twelve caves in Gombong Karst, Central Java. Bats were caught at the roosting place during the day. Length, width, and height of cave passage were measured, as well as a number of entrances and cave’s ventilation were also calculated. In addition, microclimate parameters were measured under the bat roosts. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, Redundancy analysis (RDA) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). Fifteen species (eleven species of insectivorous bats and four species of fruit bats) were recorded. The result also shows that the length, height, and width of the cave passage influenced the community structure of bats. While the other physical factors, i.e. sound intensity, distance from the cave entrance, temperature, humidity, and light intensity influence the bat nesting preference. Furthermore, there were five groups of bats which have a specific pattern of roosting preference.
Short Communication: The rattans (Arecaceae) of Wallacea ANDREW HENDERSON; RAMADHANIL PITOPANG
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190103

Abstract

Henderson A, Pitopang R. 2018. Short Communication: The rattans (Arecaceae) of Wallacea. Biodiversitas 19: 18-21. Rattans are spiny, climbing palms whose long, flexible stems provide the canes of commerce. Three rattan genera occur in Wallacea, Calamus, Daemonorops, and Korthalsia. We give a brief review of the geology and biogeography of Wallacea. We follow this with a review of the Wallacean rattan flora in Sulawesi, the Maluku Islands (Moluccas), and Nusa Tenggara. We emphasize how poorly known the rattan flora of Wallacea is. While recent discussions of the rattan flora of the Asian tropics have noted the paucity of species in Wallacea, we consider that the number of species present may be considerably higher.
Impact of climate change on potential distribution of xero-epiphytic selaginellas (Selaginella involvens and S. repanda) in Southeast Asia AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN; JATNA SUPRIATNA; DEDY DARNAEDI; ROKHMATULOH ROKHMATULOH; SUTARNO SUTARNO; SUGIYARTO SUGIYARTO; ILYAS NURSAMSI; WULAN RATNA KOMALA; PRAKASH PRADAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 4 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180448

Abstract

Setyawan AD, Supriatna J, Darnaedi D, Rokhmatuloh, Sutarno, Sugiyarto, Nursamsi I, Komala WR, Pradan P. 2017. Impact of climate change on potential distribution of xero-epiphytic selaginellas (Selaginella involvens and S. repanda) in Southeast Asia. Biodiversitas 18: 1680-1695. Climate change is one of the greatest challenges for all life on earth, as it may become the dominant driver of changes in ecosystem services and biodiversity loss at the global level. Selaginella is a group of spike-mosses that seem easily affected by global warming (climate change) due to requiring water medium for fertilization. However, some species have been adapted to dry condition and may grow as epiphytes, such as S. involvens and S. repanda. Both species are commonly found in opposing a range of elevation. S. involvens is often found in high-altitude regions, whereas S. repanda is often found at lower-altitude regions. The difference in this altitudinal distributions is expected to limit redistribution mechanism of each species to adapt the climate change projections. This study model examines the potential geographic distribution of S. involvens and S. repanda under current climatic conditions and models the impact of projected climate change on their potential distribution. Future climate predictions are made with four detailed bioclimatic scenarios (i.e. RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, RCP 6.0, and RCP 8.5) and three-time intervals (2030, 2050, 2080), which combine various climatic factors. In this modeling, it can be concluded that S. involvens and S. repanda can adapt to future climate change, and continue to be sustainable, although it is strongly influenced and shifting habitat distribution in some areas.
Diversity of antibiotic-producing Actinomycetes in mangrove forest of Torosiaje, Gorontalo, Indonesia YULIANA RETNOWATI; LANGKAH SEMBIRING; SUKARTI MOELJOPAWIRO; TJUT SUGANDAWATY DJOHAN; ENDANG SUTARININGSIH SOETARTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 4 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180421

Abstract

Retnowati Y, Sembiring L, Moeljopawiro S, Djohan TS, Soetarto ES. 2017. Diversity of antibiotic-producing actinomycetes in mangrove forest of Torosiaje, Gorontalo, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1453-1461. Actinomycetes for antibiotic production have been studied at various extreme environments. Mangrove forest of Torosiaje in Gorontalo Province, Indonesia has unique geomorphological conditions where the forest is surrounded by karst ecosystem consisting of fringe and overwash types. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the distribution and diversity of antibiotic-producing Actinomycetes in various rhizosphere including different locations and mangrove species. Samples of rhizosphere soil were collected in the depth of 0-10 cm, which was then subjected to detailed physicochemical analysis. Actinomycetes were collected through heating pre-treatment (60oC for 15 min) followed by culturing in the Starch Casein Agar medium supplemented with cycloheximide and nystatin. The screening process of antibiotic-producing Actinomycetes was based on Agar block method against pathogenic microorganisms. Grouping of Actinomycetes was determined by ARDRA fingerprinting analysis. The diversity of Actinomycetes was analyzed based on sequencing of 16S rDNA. The results showed that the distribution of Actinomycetes was found in overwash type, middle zone and upper zone of fringe type including rhizosphere of 7 species of mangrove. The highest population of Actinomycetes was found in rhizosphere of R. mucronata at the overwash type, and the lowest one found in rhizosphere of R. apiculata at the middle zone of fringe type. A total of 77 isolates amongst 167 isolate collection showed antibacterial activities. Forty seven representatives from 77 antibacterial-activities isolates were selected using ARDRA for partial characterization according to their phylogenetic diversity. Sequencing and analysis of 16S rDNA from selectedrepresentative isolates displayed the presence of members associated with Actinomycetes genera such as Streptomyces, Amycolatopsis, Saccharomonospora, and Nocardiopsis. The member of genus Streptomyces such as Streptomyces qinglanensis and Streptomyces champavatii were distributed across locations. Genus Saccharomonospora and Nocardiopsis were mostly found at the overwash type, while Amycolatopsis was found at the upper zone of fringe type.

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