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Majalah Kedokteran Bandung
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 0126074X     EISSN : 23386223     DOI : 10.15395/mkb
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung (MKB)/Bandung Medical Journal publishes peer-reviewed original articles and case reports in basic medical research, clinical research, and applied medical science. This journal is published quarterly (March, June, September, and December) by Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran. Articles are original research that needs to be disseminated and written in English. All submitted manuscripts will go through the double-blind peer review and editorial review before being granted with acceptance for publication.
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Articles 651 Documents
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Perbedaan Status Gizi Penderita Tuberkulosis Paru antara Sebelum Pengobatan dan Saat Pengobatan Fase Lanjutan di Johar Baru, Jakarta Pusat Ernawati, Kholis; Ramdhagama, Nazza R.; Ayu, Lydia A. P.; Wilianto, Muhamad; Dwianti, Vini T. H.; Alawiyah, Syafhira A.
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 50, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (600.943 KB) | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v50n2.1292

Abstract

Penyakit tuberkulosis (TB) Paru merupakan penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh kuman Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Faktor yang memengaruhi kemungkinan terkena penyakit TB paru salah satunya adalah status gizi yang buruk. Status gizi yang buruk akan meningkatkan risiko penyakit tuberkulosis paru. Sebaliknya, TB paru berkontribusi menyebabkan status gizi yang buruk karena proses perjalanan penyakit yang mempengaruhi daya tahan tubuh. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis perbedaan status gizi penderita TB paru sebelum pengobatan dengan saat pengobatan fase lanjutan di Johar Baru, Jakarta Pusat. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Januari–Maret 2017. Populasi penelitian adalah  penderita TB paru dewasa (umur ≥17 tahun) yang sedang dalam masa pengobatan fase lanjutan (≥ pengobatan 4 bulan) yang berada di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Johar Baru sebanyak 51 orang. Dari populasi yang ada diambil sampel sebanyak 30 orang responden penderita TB Paru dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara sampling kuota. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status gizi responden sebelum pengobatan sebagian besar memiliki status gizi yang normal. Status gizi responden ketika pengobatan TB Paru ada peningkatan status gizi yang normal dan status gizi yang lebih serta penurunan status gizi yang kurang. Hasil uji bivariat menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan nyata status gizi penderita TB Paru antara sebelum pengobatan dengan saat pengobatan fase lanjutan (p=0,763). Simpulan, perbandingan status gizi penderita TB sebelum pengobatan dan saat pengobatan fase lanjutan adalah terdapat penurunan status gizi kurang dan peningkatan status gizi normal. Hasil uji bivarat menunjukkan tidak ada beda nyata status gizi antara sebelum pengobatan dan saat pengobatan fase lanjutan.  Kata kunci: Fase pengobatan penyakit TB, status gizi, TB paru Differences in Nutritional Status of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients between Before Medication and during Advanced Treatment Phase in Johar Baru, Central JakartaPulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria. Factors that affect the likelihood of developing pulmonary TB disease include poor nutritional status as itnutritional status increases the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis. In contrast, pulmonary TB contributes to poor nutritional status due to the disease-causing processes that affect the immune system. The objective of the study was to analyze the difference in nutritional status between patients with pulmonary tuberculosis before treatment and who were in advanced treatment phase in Johar Baru, Central Jakarta. The study was conducted in January–March 2017 on a population of   51 adult tuberculosis patients (aged ≥17 years old) who were in the advanced treatment phase (≥4 months of treatment) in Johar Baru Public Health Center. Of the existing population, 30 30 respondents with pulmonary TB patients were selected as samples using quota sampling. Results showed that most respondents had normal nutritional status before treatment. During treatment, more respondents experienced Nutritional statusincerased norma nutritional status while a small number experienced decreased normal status. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test results showed no significant difference in nutritional status of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis between before treatment and during  advanced treatment phase (p=0,763). It is concluded that some TB patients during advance treatment phase experience increased nutritional status and some experienced decreased nutritional status. No significant difference in nutritional status between before treatment and during advanced phase treatment is found.Key words: Nutritional status, phase of treatment of TB disease, pulmonary TB 
Ekstrak Etanol Propolis Menurunkan Kadar IL-17 Serum pada Mencit Balb/C Model Asma Kronik Hadinoto, Sri Hartati; Sarsono, Sarsono; Aisyah, Siti; Prasetyo, Diding H.
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 45, No 4 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Interleukin-17 (IL-17) menginduksi perekrutan neutrofil ke dalam saluran napas dan berperan dalam patogenesis asma serta penentuan keparahan penyakit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis efek ekstrak etanol propolis (EEP) isolat Gunung Lawu terhadap kadar IL-17 serum pada mencit Balb/C model asma kronik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratoris dengan sampel 28 ekor mencit Balb/C jantan yang dibagi menjadi empat kelompok: kontrol, asma, asma+EEP, dan asma+antihistamin. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Histologi dan Biomedik, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, selama periode April-September 2012. Model asma kronik dibuat dengan menginduksi mencit Balb/C jantan menggunakan injeksi intraperitoneal (i.p.) ovalbumin (OVA, 100 μg/mencit) dan aluminium hidroksida (10%, 50 mg/mencit) dalam phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Hewan coba disensitisasi selama 6 minggu dengan inhalasi 2% (b/v) OVA aerosol dalam NaCl 0,9% selama 30 menit/hari setiap 3 hari/minggu, untuk kelompok asma, asma+EEP, dan asma+antihistamin. Mencit kontrol tidak diinokulasi selama penelitian. Deteksi kadar IL-17 serum menggunakan enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Uji kadar IL-17 serum menggunakan analysis of variance (ANOVA) dan untuk menentukan perbedaan kemaknaan digunakan p<0,05. Kadar IL-17 serum kelompok kontrol menunjukkan 17,15±8,25 pg/mL dan antihistamin 38,98±7,57 pg/mL. Ekstrak etanol propolis secara bermakna menurunkan kadar IL-17 serum (75,62±17,64 pg/mL vs 45,59±10,69 pg/mL, p<0,001) dibandingkan dengan kelompok asma. Simpulan, EEP isolat Gunung Lawu menurunkan kadar IL-17 pada hewan coba model asma kronik. [MKB. 2013;45(4):213–7]Kata kunci: Asma, interleukin-17 (IL-17), propolisEthanolic Extract of Propolis Decreases Serum IL-17 Levels in Balb/C Model of Chronic AsthmaInterleukin-17 (IL-17) induces the neutrophil recruitment into the respiratory tract while playing a role in the pathogenesis of asthma and determining the severity of disease. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) Lawu mountain isolates on IL-17 serum levels in Balb/C mice model with chronic asthma. This study was an experimental research laboratory with 28 male Balb/C mice divided into control, asthma, asthma+EEP and asthma+antihistamine groups. The study was conducted at the Histology and Biomedical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, during April to September 2012. A model of chronic asthma was induced in male Balb/C mice using an intraperitoneally (i.p.) injection ovalbumin (OVA, 100 μg/mice) and aluminum hydroxide (10%, 50 mg/mice) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Experimental animals were sensitized for 6 weeks with inhaled 2% (w/v) OVA aerosol in 0.9% NaCl for 30 minutes/day, 3 days in a week, for asthma, asthma with EEP, and asthma with antihistamine mice model groups. Control mice were not inoculated during the study. Detection of IL-17 serum level was conducted by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for IL-17 serum level and p<0.05 were used to determine significant differences. Serum levels of IL-17 showed 17.15±8.25 pg/mL in control group and 38.98±7.57 pg/mL in antihistamine, respectively. Ethanol extract of propolis showed significant decreased in IL-17 levels (75.62±17.64 pg/mL vs 45.59±10.69 pg/mL, p<0.001) compared to asthma group. In conclusion, EEP Lawu mountain isolates can decrease IL-17 level in chronic asthma animal models. [MKB. 2013;45(4):213–7]Key words: Asthma, interleukin-17 (IL-17), propolis DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v45n4.167
Hubungan Derajat Skor CURB-65 Saat Awal Masuk dan Nilai Antitrombin III pada Pasien Pneumonia Komunitas Andriyani, Sari; Keliat, E.N.; Abidin, Alwinsyah
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 48, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Pada penderita pneumonia komunitas (PK) dilakukan penilaian derajat keparahan pada awal pasien masuk sangat penting sebab akan menentukan beratnya penyakit dan rencana tata laksana selanjutnya. Antitrombin III (AT-III) sebagai biomarker koagulasi berguna untuk menilai tingkat keparahan PK pada saat awal masuk. AT-III dapat berperan dalam diagnosis, memutuskan pemberian antibiotik, dan prognosis penderita PK. Penelitian ini betujuan mengetahui hubungan skor confusion, urea, respiratory rate, blood pressure, age >65 years (CURB-65) dan nilai AT-III pada saat awal pasien PK datang ke rumah sakit. Desain penelitian adalah potong lintang. Penelitian dilakukan di Rumah Sakit H. Adam Malik Medan pada bulan Februari–Maret 2013. Subjek dengan PK yang masuk dari instalasi gawat darurat, pasien rawat jalan setelah memenuhi kriteria dilakukan penilaian skor CURB-65, laboratorium darah, serta kultur sputum dan darah. Selanjutnya, skor CURB-65 dihubungkan dengan AT-III dan parameter lainnya. Sebanyak 55 subjek penelitian yang tergolong dalam skor CURB-65 berat (3–5) sebanyak 23 orang (42%), skor sedang (2) sebanyak 17 orang (31%) dan skor ringan (0–1) sebanyak 15 orang (27%). Setelah dilakukan uji korelasi Spearman diperoleh hubungan signifikan antara derajat skor CURB-65 dan nilai AT-III (p= 0,0001). Simpulan, AT-III merupakan biomarker koagulasi yang memiliki hubungan dengan derajat keparahan PK yang dinilai dengan skor CURB-65 sehingga AT-III dapat digunakan untuk menentukan prognosis pasien PK sejak awal masuk rumah sakit. [MKB. 2016;48(2):92–8]Kata kunci: Antitrombin III (AT-III), pneumonia komunitas (PK), prognosis, skor CURB-65 Correlation between CURB-65 and Antithrombin III Scores in Community Acquired Pneumonia at Early Admission in HospitalThe assessment of the level of severity in patients with community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is very important to determine the next steps in the disease management. Antithrombin III (AT-III) is known as one of the coagulation biomarkers that may be useful for predicting the severity of CAP at early admission in hospital. The AT-III is known to be used in diagnosis to help clinicians decide the antibiotic treatment to be given and to make prognosis. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the correlation between confusion, urea, respiratory rate, blood pressure, age >65 years (CURB-65) score and AT-III in CAP patients at early admission in hospital. The method of study . The data were collected in Adam Malik Hospital from February to March 2013. CAP subjects were examined with CURB-65 score, AT-III, other laboratory assessments, sputum, and blood cultures at the early admission in the emergency room and outpatient clinic. The CURB-65 score was correlated with AT-III to determine the prognostic use of AT-III. A total of CAP 55 subjects  were assessed with 23 subjects (42%) with  severe CURB-65 scores (3–5), 17 subjects (31%) with moderate scores (2) , and15 subjects (27%) with mild scores (0–1). A significant correlation between CURB-65 and AT-III was found through the use of Spearman correlation test (p=0.0001). In conclusion, AT-III is a coagulation biomarker that correlates with the CURB-65 clinical scoring system. AT-III can be used to determine the prognosis in CAP at early admission in hospital. [MKB. 2016;48(2):92–8]Key words: Antithrombin III (AT-III), community acquired pneumonia (CAP), CURB-6 score,  prognosis DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v48n2.762
Comparison between Use of Antibiotics and Argentum (Ag) in Infected Wound Healing Ismiarto, Yoyos Dias; Husain, Fadlyansyah Farid; Farry, Farry
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 51, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (5307.8 KB) | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v51n1.1429

Abstract

Infected wound is a common problem encountered in the field of Orthopedics. Various procedures have been applied in order to achieve the effective treatment for wound infection. However, until recently, the biomolecular responses to those remain unclear. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of antibiotics and argentum in infected wound healing by analyzing the FGF-2 and FGF-7 expressions; fibroblasts; bacteria colonization; and wound contraction rate during the proliferation phase of wound healing. This study was performed from May to September 2016 at the Pharmacology Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran  University. A randomized clinical laboratory experimental trial with repetitive measures was performed in male rabbits that had been wounded and inoculated by 0.5 MF Staphylococcus aureus. Sample was collected before(Day 6) and after (Day 14) the application of antibiotics and argentum. The consecutive sampling method was used to determine the two treatment groups: (I) antibiotic group and (II) argentum group.  The argentum group showed higher FGF-2 protein level, FGF-7 protein level, fibroblast count, and wound contraction rate with p<0.05 when compared to the antibiotic group. The use of argentum gave excellent responses to wound repair as indicated by elevated FGF-2 and FGF-7 levels; fibroblast counts; and wound contraction rate. The combination of both treatments might give synergistic responses and  better results in healing infected wound. Argentum is more effective than antibiotics to increase the FGF-2 and FGF-7 levels; fibroblasts count; and wound contraction rate in the proliferative phase of infected wound healing. Antibiotics are more effective than argentum to decrease bacteria colonization.Key words: Bacteria colonization, FGF-2 protein, FGF-7 protein, fibroblast count, wound contraction rate Perbandingan antara Penggunaan Antibiotik dan Argentum (Ag) dalam Penyembuhan Luka Terinfeksi Luka terinfeksi sering kali kita temui dalam permasalahan di bidang orthopedi. Berbagai jenis prosedur ditemukan untuk mengurangi angka kejadian infeksi, namun belum sesuai dengan yang diharapkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membandingkan efektivitas antibiotik dengan argentum dengan menilai ekspresi dari FGF-2, FGF-7, fibroblasts dan rerata kotraksi luka saat fase proliferasi penyembuhan luka. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama bulan Juni hingga September 2017 di Laboratorium Penelitian Farmakologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran. Dilakukan pada kelinci jantan yang telah terluka dan diinokulasi oleh Staphylococcus aureus sebanyak 0,5 MF. Sampel diambil hari ke-6 dan ke-14 aplikasi antibiotik dan argentum. Dengan metode sampling berurutan di tiap-tiap kelompok perlakuan: (I) kelompok antibiotik; dan (II) kelompok argentum. Kelompok Argentum menunjukkan tingkat protein FGF-2, protein FGF-7, jumlah fibroblas dan tingkat kontraksi luka yang lebih tinggi dengan p <0,05 dibanding dengan kelompok Ab. Penggunaan argentum memberikan respons yang sangat baik terhadap perbaikan luka seperti yang ditunjukkan oleh peningkatan kadar FGF-2, FGF-7, jumlah fibroblast, dan tingkat kontraksi luka. Kombinasi kedua pengobatan mungkin memberikan respons sinergis dan memberikan hasil yang lebih baik dalam penyembuhan luka yang terinfeksi. Argentum lebih efektif daripada antibiotik untuk meningkatkan kadar FGF-2 dan FGF-7, jumlah fibroblas, dan tingkat kontraksi luka dalam fase proliferatif dari penyembuhan luka yang terinfeksi. Antibiotik lebih efektif daripada argentum untuk menurunkan kolonisasi bakteri.Kata kunci : FGF-2 protein, FGF-7 protein, jumlah fibroblast, kolonisasi bakteri , rata-rata penyembuhan luka
Korelasi Peningkatan Kadar Neuron Spesific Enolase dengan Derajat Keparahan dan Luaran Fungsional Pasien Stroke Infark Aterotrombotik Akut Wardiyani, Neti Sri; Nurimaba, Nurdjaman; Kurniani, Nani
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 42, No 2
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Pada stroke iskemik terjadi kerusakan neuronal serta penurunan glikolisis aerob akibat menurunnya kadar glukosa. Neuron specific enolase (NSE) yang terdapat pada jaringan neuronal banyak tidak terpakai sehingga kadarnya meningkat. Pada kerusakan neuronal serta gangguan membran sel, sawar darah otak terganggu sehingga NSE berdifusi kedalam ekstraselular dan cairan serebrospinal. Peningkatan kadar NSE serum juga berhubungan dengan volume infark dan luasnya kerusakan otak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kadar NSE pasien stroke infark aterotrombotik akut, serta korelasinya dengan derajat keparahan stroke dan luaran fungsional. Rancangan penelitian adalah observational analytic dengan pendekatan kohort. Pasien stroke infark aterotrombotik fase akut sebagai kasus, sedangkan kontrolnya orang sehat. Penelitian dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung, mulai Februari sampai Agustus 2008. Pemeriksaan kadar NSE serum dan penilaian tingkat keparahan stroke berdasarkan National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) dilakukan saat masuk rumah sakit, sedangkan luarannya dinilai pada hari ketujuh dengan indeks Barthel. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis bivariat dengan uji statistik Mann-Whitney dan uji Pearson. Dari 43 kasus dan 43 kontrol, didapatkan perbedaan kadar NSE serum yang bermakna rata-rata=11,41 [5,07] ng/mL berbanding 8,93 [3,03] ng/mL (p=0,019). Terdapat korelasi yang bermakna peningkatan kadar NSE serum dengan derajat keparahan yang dinilai berdasarkan skala NIHSS (p=0,024), juga dengan luaran fungsional (p=0,012). Nilai akurasi paling tinggi terdapat pada kadar NSE serum 12ng/mL, dengan sensitivitas 42% dan spesifisitas 84%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah kadar NSE serum berkolerasi dengan derajat keparahan serta keluaran fungsional penderita stroke infark. [MKB. 2010;42(2):62-8].Kata kunci: Kadar neuron specific enolase,stroke infark, NIHSS, Indeks BarthelCorrelation of Serum Neuron Specific Enolase with Severity and Functional Outcome in Acute Atherothrombotic Infarction Stroke PatientsNeuronal damage and decreasing aerobic glicolysis process in ischaemic stroke are caused by lowering level of blood glucose. The amount of neuronal intrasitoplasmic glicolytic enolase enzyme, also known as neuron specific enolase, increases in blood circulation because it is not used anymore in damage neuron. So the mechanism failure in blood-brain barrier, as result of neuronal and cell membrane damage, causes NSE diffusion to extracellular and cerebrospinal fluid, then NSE level increases in blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid in acute cerebral infarction. Elevating NSE level is also connected with infarct volume and the extent of brain damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate connection between upgrading NSE serum level in acute atherothrombotic-stroke infarction patients, level of stroke incompatibility, and functional outcome. The method of study was observational analytic with kohort study. Subjects of study were divided into case group consisted of acute atherothrombotic-stroke infarction patients and control group consisted the healthy person. The data was collected in Hasan Sadikin Hospital between February to August 2008. Evaluating patients was performed to get descriptions on NSE serum level, level stroke incompability measuring by NIHSS scoring at the first time entering the hospital, and Barthel index scoring at seventh day of treatment. This study was analyzed by bivariat analysis using Mann Whitney statistic test and Pearson correlation test. There were 43 patients in each group. There was a significantly difference in NSE serum level on case group (mean was 11.41 [5.07] ng/mL) in comparison to those on control group (mean was 8.93 [3.03] ng/mL), p=0.019 . There was a significantly correlation between raising NSE serum level on case group and level of stroke incompatibility measuring by NIHSS scoring and also with functional outcome according to Barthel index scoring. The highest accuration value of NSE serum level was 12 ng/mL with 42% sensitivity and 84% specificity. The conclusion was neuron specific enolase serum level has correlation with severity and functional outcome in acute atherothrombotic infarction stroke patients. [MKB. 2010;42(2):62-8].Key words: Neuron specific enolase serum level, stroke infarction, NIHSS, Barthel index DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v42n2.218
PENGARUH RADIOTERAPI EKSTERNAL TERHADAP FUNGSI SEL RAMBUT LUAR KOKLEA PENDERITA KARSINOMA NASOFARING Nurmasari, Shinta; Samiadi, Dindy; Purwanto, Bambang
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 42, No 2
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Pilihan utama pengobatan karsinoma nasofaring adalah radioterapi. Pemberian radioterapi dosis tinggi menimbulkan kerusakan struktur jaringan, salah satunya adalah gangguan pendengaran. Gangguan di koklea timbul akibat kerusakan struktur sel rambut akibat degenerasi stria vaskularis, atrofi spiral ligamen, dan membran basilaris. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui fungsi sel rambut luar koklea akibat radioterapi penderita karsinoma nasofaring. Tipe penelitian adalah studi analitik observasional dan dilakukan di Bagian IK.THT-KL/RS. Hasan Sadikin Bandung mulai Maret sampai September 2007. Dilakukan pemeriksaan audiometri, timpanometri, dan emisi otoakustik (otoacoustic emission)/OAE sebelum radioterapi, serta pemeriksaan timpanometri serta OAE saat radioterapi dan satu bulan pascaradioterapi. Untuk menguji pengaruh radioterapi eksternal digunakan uji McNemar dan uji Z. Diperoleh 42 telinga dari 27 subjek penelitian yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Didapat 18 lakilaki dan 9 perempuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan insidens gangguan fungsi sel rambut luar koklea sebesar 9,6% pada dosis 2.000 cGy, 61,5% pada 4.000 cGy, 81,1% pada 6.600 cGy, dan 82,8% satu bulan pascaradiasi. Hubungan gangguan fungsi sel rambut luar koklea memberikan nilai sangat bermakna pada dosis 4.000 cGy sampai 6.600 cGy (p<0,001). Kesimpulan penelitian radioterapi eksternal penderita karsinoma nasofaring menyebabkan gangguan fungsi sel rambut luar koklea.Effect of External Radiotherapy to Cochlear Outer Hair Cells Function on Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma PatientsRadiotherapy is the main treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Exposure to high dose radiotherapy can cause damage to the surrounding tissue structure and hearing loss is one of it. Depraved cochlea is occur due to damaged outer hair cells (OHC) because of degeneration of striae vascularis, spiral ligament, and bacillar membrane atrophy. The purpose of this study was to understand the OHC's function due to radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. The type of study was observational analytic study with prospective design to determine the influence of radiotherapy to the function of OHC in the department of ENT-HNS Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung and performed from March to September 2007. Pure tone audiometry examination, tympanometry, and otoacoustic emission (OAE) was performed before radiotherapy. Tympanometry and OAE was measured when radiotherapy performed and one month after radiotherapy. McNemar and Z test was performed to calculate the effects of radiotherapy to OHC. In this study 42 ears from 27 subjects that meet the inclusion criteria 18 men and 9 women. The result of this study showed that the prevalence of damaged OHC were 9.6% at 2,000 cGy, 61.5% at 4,000 cGy,81.1% at 6,600 cGy, and 82.8% after one month of radiotherapy. Damaged OHC's function was significance at dose radiation exposure from 4,000 to 6,600 cGy (p<0.001). The conclusion of this study is radiotherapy can alter OHC's function in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v42n2.12 
Kadar IgE Total pada Anak Obesitas Dengan atau Tanpa Riwayat Penyakit Atopik dalam Keluarga Setiabudiawan, Budi; Ghrahani, Reni; Sapartini, Gartika; Rayani, Putria; Amelinda, Citra
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 45, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Prevalensi obesitas dan penyakit atopik anak, khususnya usia sekolah meningkat pada dekade terakhir ini. Penyakit atopik diperantarai oleh IgE serta dipengaruhi faktor genetik dan lingkungan. Resistensi leptin pada obesitas berkaitan dengan stimulasi TH2 yang berpengaruh pada produksi IgE. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar IgE total dengan obesitas pada anak dengan atau tanpa riwayat penyakit atopik dalam keluarga. Penelitian potong lintang ini dilaksanakan pada periode April–September 2010 yang melibatkan 160 anak usia 6–11 tahun pada beberapa sekolah dasar di Bandung. Terdapat 4 kelompok yaitu kelompok 1: obesitas dengan riwayat penyakit atopik dalam keluarga, 2: gizi normal dengan riwayat penyakit atopik dalam keluarga, 3: obesitas tanpa riwayat penyakit atopik dalam keluarga, 4: gizi normal tanpa riwayat penyakit atopik dalam keluarga. Pemeriksaan kadar IgE total dengan metode Electro-chemiluminescene Immunoassay (ECLIA). Kemaknaan data kategorik diuji dengan Uji chi-kuadrat, berdasarkan p<0,05. Kadar IgE total tinggi pada tiap kelompok masing-masing 30 (83%), 24 (60%), 21 (54%), dan 11 (28%) anak (p<0,001). Pada kelompok riwayat penyakit atopik dalam keluarga, kadar IgE total tinggi pada anak obesitas lebih banyak [30 anak (83%)] dibandingkan dengan gizi normal [24 anak (60%)] (p=0,025). Pada kelompok tanpa riwayat penyakit atopik dalam keluarga, kadar IgE total tinggi pada anak obesitas [21 anak (54%)] lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan gizi normal [11 anak (28%)] (p=0,017). Disimpulkan kadar IgE total tinggi lebih banyak pada anak obesitas dibandingkan dengan gizi normal dengan dan tanpa riwayat penyakit atopik dalam keluarga. [MKB. 2013;45(2):130–34]Kata kunci: Anak, IgE total, obesitas, riwayat atopik keluargaTotal IgE Levels in Childhood Obesity With or Without Family Historyof Atopic DiseaseThe prevalence of obesity and atopic disease in children, especially at school age increased in the last decade. Diseases mediated by IgE and atopy were influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Leptin resistance in obesity is associated with stimulation of TH 2 which affects the production of IgE. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of total IgE levels with obesity in children with or without family history of atopic disease. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the period April-September 2010, which involved 160 children aged 6–11 years at several elementary schools in Bandung. There are 4 groups: group 1: obese with family history of atopic disease, 2: normal nutrition with family history of atopic disease, 3: obese without family history of atopic disease, 4: normal nutrition without family history of atopic disease. Examination of total IgE levels were done by ECLIA method. Significance categorical data were tested by Chi-Square test, based on p <0.05. High total IgE levels in each group, respectively 30 (83%), 24 (60%), 21 (54%), and 11 (28%) children (p<0.001). In the group with family history of atopic disease, total IgE levels in obese children were higher [30 children (83%)] compared with normal nutrition [24 children (60%)] (p=0.025). In the group without family history of atopic disease, high total IgE levels in obese children [21 children (54%)] were higher than the normal nutrition [11 children (28%)] (p = 0.017). Inferred high total IgE levels more in obese children compared with normal nutrition with and without a history of atopic disease in the family. [MKB. 2013;45(2):130–34]Key words: Atopy, family history, obesity, total IgE level DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v45n2.87
Ekstrak Air Daun Padi Memperbaiki Hematopoesis pada Tikus yang Terpajan Plumbum Santosa, Budi; Sunoko, Henna Ria; Sukeksi, Andri
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 47, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Plumbum (Pb) asetat menyebabkan gangguan hematopoesis melalui hambatan biosintesis heme dan defisiensi enzim G-6PD yang menimbulkan penurunan hemoglobin dan jumlah eritrosit, serta peningkatan sel retikulosit. Ekstrak daun padi mengandung protein metallothionein yang mengikat Pb. Tujuan penelitian adalah membuktikan ekstrak daun padi memperbaiki gangguan hematopoesis pada tikus terpajan Pb. Metode penelitian adalah randomized post test only control-group design, 28 tikus dibagi ke dalam 4 kelompok yaitu 1 kelompok kontrol dan 3 kelompok perlakuan. Kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan dipajan Pb 0,5 g/kgBB/hari dan kelompok perlakuan diberi ekstrak daun padi 0,2; 0,4; 0,8 setiap hari melalui sonde sampai minggu ke-8. Hari terakhir  minggu ke-8 diperiksa jumlah kadar Hb menggunakan cyanmethemoglobin dan jumlah eritrosit diukur menggunakan haematology analyzer, serta retikulosit menggunakan pengecatan BCB. Tempat penelitian dilaksanakan di LPPT UGM dan laboratorium biomedik UNIMUS Semarang, Maret–Mei 2014. Perbedaan antarkelompok untuk kadar Hb dan jumlah eritrosit dilakukan uji one way enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ANOVA) dan Kruskal-Wallis untuk jumlah retikulosit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar Hb rata-rata mengalami kenaikan tidak bermakna (p=0.81), jumlah eritrosit rata-rata tidak ada perbedaan antara kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan (p=0,83), jumlah retikulosit rata-rata menurun bermakna dari kelompok kontrol sampai perlakuan (p=0,00). Simpulan, ekstrak daun padi mampu memperbaiki hematopoesis pada tikus terpajan Pb. [MKB. 2015;47(2):84–90]Kata kunci: Ekstrak daun padi, hematopoesis, pajanan Pb, tikusRice Leaf Water Extract Improves Hematopoiesis in Lead-Exposed Rats  Abstract Plumbum ( Pb ) acetate leads to hematopoiesis disruption by inhibiting heme biosynthesis and creating G-6PD enzyme deficiency, leading to decreased hemoglobin concentration and red cell count as well as  increased reticulocyte cells. Rice leaf extract contains metallothionein proteins that bind Pb. This study aimed to prove the ability of rice leaf extract wa to improve hematopoiesis disorder conditions in rats exposed to Pb. The method used was the randomized post-test only control group design. Twenty eight rats were divided into 4 groups: 1 control group and 3 treatment groups . In the control group and the treatments groups, the experimental rats were treated with 0.5 g/kg/day Pb. The treatment groups were treated by 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 rice leaf extract, respectively, every day for 8 weeks. On the last day of the 8th week, blood samples were collected for Hb concentration measurements using cyanmethemoglobin and the erythrocytes and reticulocytes number were counted using a hematology analyzer and BCB, respectively. This study was conducted in LPPT UGM and Biomedicine UNIMUS in March–May 2014. The differences between groups in hemoglobin and erythrocyte parameters were tasted  using one way ANOVA while  Kruskal-Wallis test was used for the reticulocyte count. The results show that rice leaf extract treatment to rats exposed to Pb did not affect Hb (p=0.81) and erythrocytes count  (p=0.83), However, the mean reticulocyte count decreased significantly in Pb-exposed rats treated with rice leaf extract (p=0.00). In conclusion, rice leaf extract is able to improve hematopoiesis in rats exposed to Pb. [MKB. 2015;47(2):84–90]Key words: Hematopoiesis, Pb, rice leaf extract, rat DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v47n2.458
Aktivitas Makrofag Meningkat Pada Aorta Tikus Hiperkolesterolemia Kurniati, Neng Fisheri; Nurfatwa, Maritsa; Artarini, Aluicia Anita
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 50, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Aterosklerosis merupakan, kondisi inflamasi kronik, faktor resiko penyakit kardiovaskular disebabkan oleh tingginya kadar kolesterol. Tujuan penelitian ini mengevaluasi peran mieloperoksidase (MPO) dan makrofag di aorta dan jantung tikus yang diinduksi hiperkolesterolemia. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Maret–Agustus 2016 di Laboratorium Farmakologi dan Bioteknologi Institut Teknologi Bandung. Tikus dikelompokkan menjadi kelompok normal dan hiperkolesterolemia. Induksi hiperkolesterolemia dilakukan dengan pemberian pakan tinggi kolesterol, kolesterol murni, asam kolat dan propiltiourasil (KKT) selama 5 bulan. Kolesterol total diukur sebelum induksi, pertengahan, dan setelah induksi. HDL, trigliserida (TG), LDL, indeks aterogenik (IA), jumlah sel darah merah dan sel darah putih diukur setelah induksi. Deteksi ekspresi mieloperoksidase (MPO) dan CD68 pada aorta dan jantung dilakukan dengan metode dot blot dan ELISA. Induksi hiperkolesterolemia selama 5 bulan menghasilkan kadar kolesterol total (364,10±148,46 mg/dL), HDL (7,90±1,29 mg/dL), LDL (307,47±116,91 mg/dL), dan Indeks Aterogenik (1,04±0,23). Kadar kolesterol yang tinggi meningkatkan jumlah sel darah putih yang bersirkulasi namun tidak mempengaruhi jumlah sel darah merah. Jumlah makrofag yang berada di jaringan aorta dan jantung kelompok hiperkolesterolemia meningkat secara signifikan dibanding dengan kelompok normal. Namun, peningkatan aktivitas makrofag yang diukur dari ekspresi MPO hanya teramati pada aorta hewan hiperkolesterolemia, tidak pada jantung. Simpulan, aktivitas makrofag meningkat hanya pada aorta hewan hiperkolesterolemia diduga berperan dalam pembentukan plak ateroma di aorta. Kata kunci: Aorta, CD68, hiperkolesterolemia, makrofag, mieloperoksidase Macrophage Activity Increases in Hypercholesterolemia Rat AortaAtherosclerosis, which is an inflammatory chronic condition, is one of the major risk factors of cardiovascular disease caused by hypercholesterolemia. This study aimed to evaluate role of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and macrophage in aorta and heart of rat hypercholesterolemia. This research was conducted in March–August 2016 at Pharmacology and Biotechnology Laboratory of Institut Teknologi Bandung. Rats were divided into normal and hypercholesterolemia groups. Hypercholesterolemia was induced by cholesterol feeding and CCT (cholesterol, cholic acid and propiltiourasil) oral administration for 5 months. Total cholesterol was measured before induction (T0), in the middle (T2.5), and after induction (T5). HDL, triglyceride (TG), LDL, aterogenic index (IA), red blood, and white blood cell count was measured after induction (T5). Success of induction was proven by the elevation of cholesterol total value of hypercholesterolemia group compared to normal group. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and CD68 in aorta and heart hypercholesterolemia rat was detected by dot blot and ELISA method. Hypercholesterolemia group showed significant differences in total cholesterol value (364.10±148.46 mg/dL), HDL value (7.90±1.29 mg/dL ), LDL value (307.47±116.91) and Atherogenic Index (1.04±0.23). High level of cholesterol increases circulating white blood cells but have no effect on  circulating red blood cells. Macrophage in the  hypercholesterolemia group increased significantly compared to the normal group. However, the increase in macrophage activity identified throughMPO expression was only seen in hypercholesterolemic aorta but not  in the heart. It is concluded that macrophage activities increase in the aortic tissue, but  not in the heart tissue of the hypercholesterolemia group, which may contribute to the formation of atheroma plaque in aorta. Key words: Aorta, CD68, hypercholesterolemia, macrophage, myeloperoxidase
Ekstrak Etanol Propolis Isolat Menurunkan Derajat Inflamasi dan Kadar Malondialdehid pada Serum Tikus Model Sepsis Prasetyo, Diding Heri; Suparyanti, Endang Listyaningsih; Guntur H., A.
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 45, No 3 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Peran propolis lebah sebagai terapi adjuvan pada pengelolaan sepsis telah dievaluasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari efek perlindungan propolis pada sepsis akibat inokulasi cecal, derajat inflamasi intestinal, dan kadar malondialdehid (MDA) serum. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Histologi dan Biomedik, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, selama periode April–September 2011. Empat puluh tikus Rattus norvegicus L jantan dibagi menjadi lima kelompok: kontrol, sepsis, sepsis+antibiotik, sepsis+propolis, dan sepsis+antibiotik+propolis. Pada hari kedelapan, semua hewan coba dikorbankan untuk diukur konsentrasi MDA serum dan perubahan histopatologi di intestinal. Uji konsentrasi MDA serum menggunakan analysis of variance (ANOVA), sedangkan derajat inflamasi intestinal dengan Uji Kruskall-Wallis, dan untuk menentukan perbedaan kemaknaan digunakan p<0,05. Kadar MDA serum masing-masing kelompok: kontrol 0,27±0,07 μmol/L; sepsis 0,39±0,05 μmol/L; sepsis+antibiotik 0,15±0,03 μmol/L; sepsis+ propolis 0,09±0,05 μmol/L; dan sepsis+antibiotik+propolis 0,21±0,11 μmol/L. Derajat inflamasi intestinal menunjukkan kelompok kontrol derajat 0–3; sepsis derajat 3–4; sepsis+antibiotik derajat 1–3; sepsis+propolis 1–3; dan sepsis+antibiotik+propolis derajat 0–2. Simpulan, ekstrak etanol propolis menurunkan derajat inflamasi intestinal dan kadar MDA serum pada hewan coba model sepsis. [MKB. 2013;45(3):161–6] Ethanol extract of Propolis Reduces the Level of Inflammation and Serum Malondialdehyde in Sepsis Rats ModelThe role of bee propolis as a adjuvant therapy in the management of sepsis was evaluated. The aim of the study was to investigate the protective effect of propolis against cecal inoculum induced sepsis, the level of intestinal inflammation, and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations. The study was conducted at School of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, in April to September 2011. Forty male Rattus norvegicus L rats were divided into five groups: control, sepsis, sepsis+antibiotic, sepsis+propolis and propolis+antibiotic+sepsis groups. On the eighth day, all experimental animals were sacrificed. Serum concentrations of MDA were evaluated. In addition, the histopathological changes in intestinal were assessed. Kruskall-Wallis test with Mann-Whitney analysis were used to determine significant differences. Results were expressed as mean±standard error of the mean, and value of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Malondialdehyde serum means levels were control group 0.27±0.07 μmol/L, sepsis 0.39±0.05 μmol/L, sepsis+antibiotic 0.15±0.03 μmol/L, sepsis+ propolis 0.09±0.05 μmol/L, and sepsis+antibiotic+propolis 0.21±0.11 μmol/L respectively. The levels of intestinal inflammation were control groups 0 to 3, sepsis 3 to 4, sepsis+antibiotic 1 to 3, sepsis+propolis 1 to 3, and sepsis+antibiotic+propolis 0 to 2, respectively. In conclusions, ethanol extract of propolis reduces the levels of intestinal inflammation and serum MDA in sepsis animal models. [MKB. 2013;45(3):161–6] DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v45n3.146

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