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BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology

biotropia
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Published by Southeast Asian Regional Centre for Tropical Biology

ISSN : 02156334 EISSN : 1907770X DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.11598/btb

Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Veterinary

BIOTROPIA, The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, is a scientific publication of the Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization (SEAMEO) – Southeast Asian Regional Center for Tropical Biology (BIOTROP). It publishes articles in the broad areas of tropical ecosystems and environmental impacts, biodiversity conservation and sustainable development and biotechnology.

Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)

Articles 520 Documents

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HISTOPATHOLOGY OF THE TELENCEPHALON AND DIENCEPHALON OF T1LAPIA NILOTICA EXPOSED TO SUBLETHAL DOSE OF MALATHION S-[1,2-DI-(ETHOXYCARBONYL ETHYL) DIMETHYL PHOSPHOROTHIOLOTHIONATE] EDNA A AMPARADO
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology No. 5 (1992)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

AÂ 35-dayÂ exposureÂ ofÂ TilapiaÂ niloticaÂ embryosÂ toÂ sublethalÂ dosesÂ ofÂ 3.0Â ppmÂ andÂ 0.3Â ppm malathion,Â S-[l,2-di-(ethoxycarbonylÂ ethyl)Â dimethylÂ phosphorothiolothionate],Â commercialÂ grade,Â ECÂ 57, produces cellular and ultrastructure changes in the brain. A number of nuclear centers of the treated animals are markedly larger than those of the control. Aberrant features observed in day-45 embryos are the neoplastic masses and increased vascularization. Ultrastructure defects include the presence of nuclear blebs, cytoplasmic vacuolations and increased lysosomal bodies.

Predicting The Impact of Climate Change on the Distribution of Flindersia pimenteliana F. Muell. In Indonesian Papua and Papua New Guinea Robiansyah, Iyan
BIOTROPIA Vol. 24 No. 1 (2017): BIOTROPIA Vol. 24 No. 1 April 2017
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Population of Flindersia pimenteliana (Maple Silkwood) in Indonesian Papua and Papua New Guinea is severely fragmented and experiencing a continuing decline due to habitat destruction and illegal logging. This species is very susceptible to environmental changes and at greater risk of extinction due to its small and fragmented geographic ranges and low abundance. Using maximum entropy (MaxEnt) method, the present study predicted the impact of climate change on the distribution of the species across its native distribution area. Elevation and 19 bioclimatic variables commonly used in species distribution modeling were used as predictors. Â The prediction model of the current potential distribution identified a total area of 156,214 km2 in Indonesian Papua and Papua New Guinea (18% of total land area) as suitable habitat for F. pimenteliana. Elevation and precipitation of the wettest, coldest and warmest quarters contributed most to the model. Based on the average of HadGEM2-ES and MIROC-ESM models, potential distribution projections under RCP8.5 scenario suggested a habitat gain of 16% for 2050 and 8% for 2070 in the species distribution. Whereas under RCP4.5, an average habitat gain of 7% was predicted for both 2050 and 2070. The newly suitable habitats were predicted to be found mainly in Southern and Western Highland of Papua New Guinea. Protection of these areas from habitat destruction and land use change is needed to assist F. pimenteliana find the most suitable climate for its survival.

IV. STORAGE AND GERMINATION TESTS ON SHOREA JAVANICA SEEDS UMBOH, M.I.J.
BIOTROPIA Vol. 1 No. 1 (1987)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

SeedsÂ ofÂ ShoreaÂ javanicaÂ KÂ &Â VÂ (Dipterocarpaceae),Â wereÂ subjectedÂ toÂ differentÂ treatmentsÂ of temperature (27 Â± 2Â°C, 20 Â± 2Â°C and < 10Â°C), coating (ash and paraffin) and relative humidity (20, 66 and 86%) and their germination capability as well as moisture content assessed after 3, 7, 14 and 30 days of storage. The germination percentage ofÂ the seeds stored 30 daysÂ in aÂ cloth bag under differentÂ conditions of temperature showed highly significant differencesÂ (a = 0.01). No significant differences wereÂ found onÂ the effect of coating, duration of storage as well as on the interaction between these two factors. The moisture content of the seeds between 13 and 14% gave a germination percentage above 50% after 30 days.Â Â

FUNGAL POPULATION, AFLATOXIN AND FREE FATTY ACID CONTENTS OF PEANUTS PACKED IN DIFFERENT BAG TYPES BULAONG, SONIA S P
BIOTROPIA No. 19 (2002)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Shelled peanuts of Gajah var. with initial moisture content of 7% were stored at 11 kg/bag in four bag types namely: jute bag, polypropylene bag, jute bag doubled with thin polyethylene (PE), and jute bag doubled with thick PE. Storage was done for six months under warehouse conditions with monitoring of relative humidity and temperature. Samples taken at the beginning of storage and every month thereafter were analyzed for moisture content, fungal population, aflatoxin and free fatty acid contents. Statistical analyses showed that moisture content, fungal population, and free fatty acid contents were significantly higher in jute and polypropylene bags than in PE-dou,bled jute bags. No significant differences were obtained in aflatoxin contents among bag types but at the end of six months storage, toxin level in jute bag exceeded the 30 ppb limit. Polypropylene had second highest toxin level at 23 ppb. The PE-doubled bags had 17 and 19 ppb total aflatoxins for thin and thick films, respectively. The results indicated that the immediate packaging of dried shelled peanuts at safe moisture level in plastic films with water vapor transmission rated of 1 g/m2/24 hr or lower is recommended. This packaging will delay critical increases in moisture content, fungal population, aflatoxin and free fatty acid contents of peanut kernels at ambient storage conditions. Keywords: Peanuts / bag types / fungal population / aflatoxin content / free fatty acid content.

Assessment of Seedling Abundance, Survival and Growth of Two Dipterocarp Species in Peat Swamp Forests of Brunei Darussalam Mohd Din, Hazimah Haji; Bakiri, Nor Basirah; Sukri, Rahayu Sukmaria; Metali, Faizah Haji
BIOTROPIA Vol. 25 No. 2 (2018): BIOTROPIA Vol. 25 No. 2 August 2018
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Dryobalanops rappa Becc. and Shorea albida Sym. are Bornean endemics of high conservation value and increasingly threatened by anthropogenic disturbances. In-situ study of seedling abundance and growth performance of these Dipterocarp species was conducted in two selected peat swamp forests of Brunei Darussalam, following a mast fruiting event in March–May 2014. Within six 6 × 6 m plots at each forest site, D. rappa seedlings at the Anduki peat swamp forest and S. albida seedlings at the Badas peat swamp forest were measured for abundance at the initial census in September 2014, as well as survival and relative growth rates (RGR) after a period of 5 months, with the final census in February 2015. We found significantly higher seedling abundance for D. rappa (1885 ± 208) than S. albida (160 ± 71). Significantly higher percentage survival was recorded for D. rappa seedlings (90.8 ± 2.2%) in comparison to S. albida seedlings (81.7 ± 2.2%). S. albida seedlings (0.24 ± 0.02 mm mm⁻¹ month⁻¹) showed significantly greater RGR in stem diameter than D. rappa seedlings (0.18 ± 0.02 mm mm⁻¹ month⁻¹), however, there were no significant differences in the RGRs based on seedling height, leaf number and biomass between D. rappa and S. albida seedlings. In terms of seedling abundance and percentage survival, D. rappa seedlings appeared to be more successful in regeneration and may potentially be used for rehabilitation of degraded tropical peat swamps and other forest types. Our results suggested that greater conservation efforts of peat swamps must be made to protect the Bornean endemic plant species, in particular S. albida.

NATURAL PRODUCTS IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS H. BURNELL, ROBERT
BIOTROPIA No. 9 (1996)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

A resume of four lectures presented by the author during a one month visit to BIOTROP in 1995. The seminars were held at the University of Indonesia at Depok, the Technical Institute in Bandung, the Bogor Agricultural Institute and at BIOTROP, Bogor. The talks were grouped under the general title "The Use of Natural Products in Organic Synthesis". Key words: Organic compounds/Natural products.

Effectiveness of Dung Beetles as Bioindicators of Environmental Changes in Land-use Gradient in Sulawesi, Indonesia Saleh, Shahabuddin; Hasanah, Uswah; Elijonnahdi, Elijonnahdi
BIOTROPIA Vol. 21 No. 1 (2014): BIOTROPIA Vol. 21 No. 1 June 2014
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Bioindicators have been widely accepted as useful tools for monitoring and detecting changes in the environment or habitat condition. By using bioindicators, it is possible to assess the impact of human activities on the biota, instead of examining the entire biota. In this paper we analyzed diversity of dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) across land use gradient inCentral Sulawesi and tested the suitability of dung beetles as bioindicators for environmental changes. Ninety baited pitfall trapswere placed and several habitat parameterswere measured at five land-use types ranging from natural forest to cacao agroforestry systems to open areas in 2009 and 2012. The effectiveness of dung beetles as bioindicators of environmental changes was evaluated by the IndVal method, a method combining the specificity and fidelity of certain species with particular types of habitat or environmental conditions. Surprisingly, the results showed that the diversity of dung beetles in two types of cacao plantations were similar to the forest sites and were significantly higher than the open cultivated area. Of the 16 dung beetles species analyzed only four species could be suggested as indicator (characteristic) species while the majority of collected species were categorized as detector species. Two of them (Copris saundersi and Onthophagus forsteni) were associated with natural forest and cacao agroforestry system, thus were suggested as the indicator of shaded and cooler habitats whereas O. limbatus and O. trituber can be suggested as indicator of unshaded and warmer habitats (bare land area).Keywords: bioindicators, diversity, Scarabaeidae, habitat preferences, IndVal.

Effects of Humic Acid Addition to Feeds With Heavy Metal Cadmium Contamination From Green Mussels on the Growth Performance of Asian Seabass Rasidi, Rasidi; Jusadi, Dedi; Setiawati, Mia; Yuhana, Munti; Jr., Muhammad Zairin; Sugama, Ketut
BIOTROPIA Vol. 26 No. 3 (2019): BIOTROPIA Vol. 26 No. 3 December 2019
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Although it contains heavy metals, the highly nutritious green mussel Perna viridis is used as a fish meal replacement in fish diets. Fortunately, humic acid (HA) has the ability to chelate heavy metals in animal feeds. Its addition to fish feed formulation is, therefore, needed to prevent the accumulation of heavy metals in the fish's body. Hence, an experiment using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 3 replications was conducted to evaluate the performance and feed efficiency of Asian seabass Lates calcarifer juveniles with the addition of HA to their green mussel–based diet containing the heavy metal cadmium (Cd). Five experimental diets were formulated with different dosages of HA addition at 0, 400, 800, 1200, and 1600 mg kg⁻¹ of feed as treatments A, B, C, D, and E, respectively. The experimental diets were given to triplicate groups of 15 Asian seabass juveniles with an initial body weight of 4.30 ± 0.60 g over a 70-day cultivation period, feeding until satiation. The results showed that feed consumption, feed digestibility, protein retention, growth performance, and feed efficiency were significantly affected by HA addition in the fish diet. Among all treatments, HA addition of 1600 mg kg⁻¹ produced the best biological response from the Asian seabass. To conclude, the HA addition of 1600 mg kg⁻¹ into the diet was the best dosage, resulting in optimal growth performance and feed efficiency in Asian seabass. The highest dose of HA in Cd-contaminated feeds could reduce Cd content, but had not yet been able to eliminate Cd in fish meat. Therefore, green mussel meal, with HA addition as an alternative protein source, has potential as a feed additive for Cd-contaminated diets of Asian seabass juveniles.

GENETIC DIVERSITY OF AMPICILLIN-RESISTANT Vibrio ISOLATED FROM VARIOUS STAGES OF TIGER SHRIMP LARVAE DEVELOPMENT WIDANARNI WIDANARNI; ANTONIUS SUWANTO
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology No. 15 (2000)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

This research was carriedÂ out toÂ studyÂ geneticÂ diversity of ampicillin-resistant VibrioÂ from variousÂ stages of tigerÂ shrimp larvaeÂ (Penaeus Monodon) development from,Tambak Inti Rakyat hatchery, near Labuan, West Java, Indonesia. A total of 25 ampicillin-resistant Vibrio isolates were isolated using thiosulphateÂ citrate bile-saltÂ sucroseÂ agar (TCBS-Agar) and seawaterÂ complete agar (SWC-Agar). Physiological and biochemical characterization showed that the isolates could be grouped into only two species, i.e. V. harveyi from the egg stage; and V. metschnikovii from larvae and post-larval stage (i.e nauplius, zoea, mysis, PLi, PL5, PL,0, and PL,5). These isolates were also present in their respective rearing waterÂ ofÂ each stageÂ andÂ some natural feed.Â Schizotyping analysis employing restriction endonuclease Noll (5'-GC4GGCCGC) indicated that the isolates could be grouped intoÂ at leastÂ 13 differentÂ genotypes.Â Therefore,Â schizotypingÂ wasÂ more discriminative than physiological characterization. This study showed that particular groups of Vibrio colonized all stages of shrimp larvae and demonstrated closed phylogenetic relationship. These groups of Vibrio might beÂ the dominant microbiota which could suppress the development of other Vibrio including the pathogenic Vibrio. Key words : Shrimp/ampicillin-resistant K/fcno/schizotyping

Response of Lonkida (Nauclea orientalis L.) towards Mycorrhizal Inoculum in Waterlogged Condition Tuheteru, Faisal Danu; Kusmana, Cecep; Mansur, Irdika; Iskandar, Iskandar
BIOTROPIA Vol. 22 No. 1 (2015): BIOTROPIA Vol. 22 No. 1 June 2015
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Waterlogged condition is one of the environmental stresses unfavorable for plants and mycorrhizal fungi. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) species that are tolerant tend to be more adaptive to waterlogged conditions. Besides increasing plant tolerance, the documented effects of AM fungi (AMF) inoculation on wetland plant performance remain inconsistent, and AMF application may also cause plant growth depression under waterlogging. This study aimed to examine the morpho-anatomical adaptation, survival, growth, biomass, and nutrient uptake of Nauclea orientalis (L.) seedlings from different habitats inoculated with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi under waterlogged conditions for 90 days. Experimental procedures included seed germination, preparation of AMF inoculum, inoculation, and waterlogging treatment. The results showed that N. orientalis seedlings formed lenticels (100%), adventitious roots (41%), and aerenchyma under waterlogged conditions. Seedlings originating from dryland habitats, both mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal, had lower height growth rate compared to those from other habitat types. Similar patterns were observed in relative growth rate for shoot (RGRs), root (RGRr), total (RGRt), and root-to-shoot ratio. Treatments of swamp habitat seedlings without waterlogging and with waterlogging, as well as savannah seedlings under waterlogged conditions, showed higher total plant dry weight and RGRt than other treatments. In general, total nitrogen concentration in roots and shoots was highest in the interaction between swamp habitat seedlings and non-mycorrhizal treatment under waterlogging. However, seedlings from dryland habitats required AMF under waterlogging to improve biomass and nitrogen accumulation in roots. Independently, waterlogging increased average height gain (18%), stem diameter (46%), leaf area (40%), leaf length (17%), and leaf width (21%). Nonetheless, waterlogged treatment decreased the number of leaves (9%) and AMF colonization (71%). The results indicate that seedlings from temporary swamp habitats demonstrated better growth performance and higher biomass under waterlogged conditions, regardless of AMF inoculation.

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SEAMEO BIOTROP Jl. Raya Tajur Km. 6 Bogor 16134 INDONESIA

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Jawa barat

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

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Reviewer

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Contact Name Knowledge Management Department

Contact Email kmd@biotrop.org

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Journal Mail Official biotropia@biotrop.org

Editorial Address SEAMEO BIOTROP Jl. Raya Tajur Km. 6 Bogor 16134 INDONESIA

Location Kota bogor, Jawa barat INDONESIA

Abstract

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Contact Name
Knowledge Management Department

Contact Email
kmd@biotrop.org

Phone
+62251-8323848

Journal Mail Official
biotropia@biotrop.org

Editorial Address
SEAMEO BIOTROP Jl. Raya Tajur Km. 6 Bogor 16134 INDONESIA

Location
Kota bogor,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA