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BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology
Published by Southeast Asian Regional Centre for Tropical Biology
ISSN : 02156334     EISSN : 1907770X     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.11598/btb
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Veterinary
BIOTROPIA, The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, is a scientific publication of the Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization (SEAMEO) – Southeast Asian Regional Center for Tropical Biology (BIOTROP). It publishes articles in the broad areas of tropical ecosystems and environmental impacts, biodiversity conservation and sustainable development and biotechnology.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 520 Documents
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ISOLATION AND SELECTION OF ALKALINE PROTEOLYTIC BACTERIA FROM LEATHER PROCESSING WASTE AND ENZYME CHARACTERIZATION BUDIASIH WAHYUNTARI; NISA R MUBARIK; MARITA ANGGARANi
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology No. 22 (2004)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (510.593 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2004.0.22.204

Abstract

ABSTRACT The aims of this experiment were to isolate alkaline protease producing bacteria from leather processing waste, and to study the biochemical properties of the enzyme produced by the selected bacteria. Nine bacterial isolates incubated at 37"C, revealed proteolytic activity on skim milk containing media. Four isolates were grown at pH 9 and another four isolates at pH 10 and only one isolate at pH 11. However, in further subculture, there were only three isolates that showed proteolytic activity, namely, D2, D7, and Dl l .  Among the three isolates, isolate D2 was the highest protease producer. The highest protease production (36.5U/L) was reached after a 36-hr fermentation at pH 9. The optimum activity of D2 protease was observed at pH 8 and 60"C. The enzyme was stable at pH range of 7-10, and at temperature of 52-62"C. In the presence of 5mM EDTA or PMSF, the crude enzyme activity decreased to 7.04% and 23.29% respectively, which indicated that the enzyme might be a metal dependent serine protease. Zymogram analysis revealed the molecular weight of the enzyme was about 42.8kD. Keywords:  leather/ waste/protease/alkaline
Antibacterial Activity of Red Pigment Isolated From Coastal Endophytic Fungi Against Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria Sibero, Mada Triandala; Sahara, Rita; Syafiqoh, Nur; Tarman, Kustiariyah
BIOTROPIA Vol. 24 No. 2 (2017): BIOTROPIA Vol. 24 No. 2 August 2017
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (5168.756 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2017.24.2.725

Abstract

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections have become a serious problem for the last several decades. To solve this issue, the finding of new antibiotic candidates is an urgency. Natural pigment is known to have biological activity against pathogenic bacteria. Coastal fungi are an unexplored source of natural pigment to fight MDR bacteria. This research was aimed to isolate coastal endophytic fungi from smooth ant plant (Hydnophytum formicarum), to screen endophytic fungi that produce red pigment, to extract the red pigment, to determine antibacterial activity of the red pigment, and to identify the coastal endophytic fungi producing the red pigment. In this study, seven fungi were isolated as endophytic fungi from H. formicarum. There were three isolates that produced extracellular pigment, i.e., RS 1A produced red pigment, RS 3 produced black pigment, and RS 6A produced yellow pigment. Our study focused on the red pigment which was produced by endophytic fungus strain RS 1A. The yield of red pigment was 8.8657% (w/w). This study showed that red pigment had antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Proteus mirabilis strain MDR. Based on molecular and morphological identification, the endophytic fungus strain RS 1A was identified as Aspergillus versicolor.
NOTES ON SOME FUSARIUM AND CYLINDROCARPON ON DIPTEROCARPACEAE OF INDONESIA* ELQUARD, CLAIRE
BIOTROPIA No. 3 (1989)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (734.63 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.1989.0.3.98

Abstract

Six species of pathogenic fungi belonging to the genera Fusarium (Fusarium sacchari var. sacchari, F. moniliforme, F. oxysporum, F. spl, F. sp2) and Cylindrocarpon (Cylindrocarpon destructans) on seeds, seedlings and saplings of Dipterocarpaceae in Sumatra and West Java were identified.
A SPECIES-SPECIFIC PCR ASSAY BASED ON THE INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACER (ITS) REGIONS FOR IDENTIFICATION OF MYCOSPHAERELLA EUMUSAE, M. FIJIENSIS AND M. MUSICOLA ON BANANA Hidayat, Iman
BIOTROPIA Vol. 19 No. 1 (2012): BIOTROPIA Vol. 19 No. 1 June 2012
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (370.716 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2012.19.1.232

Abstract

A study on development of a rapid PCR-based detection method based on ITS region of M. eumusae, M. fijiensis, and M. musicola on banana was carried out. The main objecive of this study was to develop a fast and species-specific PCR-based detection method for the presence of Mycosphaerella species on banana. The methods include collection of specimens, morphological identification supported by molecular phylogenetic analysis, RFLP analysis, species-specific primers development, and validation. Two species of Mycosphaerella, namely, M. fijiensis and M. musicola, and one unidentified Pseudocercospora species were found in Java island. Three restriction enzymes used in the RFLP analysis, viz, AluI, HaeIII, and TaqI were capable to discriminate M. eumusae, M. fijiensis, and M. musicola. Two species-specific primer pairs, viz, MfijF/MfijR and MmusF/MmusR have been successfully developed to detect for the presence of M. fijiensis and M. musicola, respectively.
Growth and Meat Quality Enhancement of Striped Catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) Using Recombinant Growth Hormone Lubis, Reni Agustina; Alimuddin, Alimuddin; Utomo, Nur Bambang Priyo
BIOTROPIA Vol. 26 No. 1 (2019): BIOTROPIA Vol. 26 No. 1 April 2019
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (154.589 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2019.26.1.710

Abstract

The application of fish recombinant growth hormone (rGH) has been known as one of the methods to improve the growth performance of cultured fishes, one of which is the striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus, a species that is becoming commercially attractive in Indonesia. Hence, this study was aimed to evaluate the effects of rGH supplementation in commercial diet on the growth, feed utilization and flesh quality in P. hypophthalmus grow out. The rGH was mixed with chicken egg yolk and sprayed on the commercial feeds with different protein levels (32, 28 and 23%). In the control, the feeds were also sprayed with chicken egg yolk but without rGH.  Striped catfish with body weights of 110.66 ± 1.32 g ind-1 were fed on rGH-supplemented diets two times a week during the first and third months, and during the rest of the months they were fed on diet without rGH supplementation. The fishes were reared for 120 days in 18 hapa (2×1×1.5 m3) with initial density of 20 fishes per hapa. The result showed that the highest weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), and lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) were obtained by fishes fed on 32% protein content with rGH-supplemented diet. No significant difference was observed in the weight gain, SGR and FCR in rGH treated group with 28% protein content with rGH supplemented diet and non-rGH control group receiving 32% protein diet. Similar moisture content of meat, protein content of meat, belly fat and edible portion were observed in rGH-supplemented diet and their control. Except in the treatment 23% protein content rGH supplemented diet that has lower lipid content in fish body and meat. The highest SGR was obtained when the fishes were fed on the 32% protein feed combined with rGH. Enrichment with rGH depleted the fat content in the meat of fish fed on all levels of protein in which the lowest fat was found in the 23% protein feed.
EFFECT OF PHYSIOLOGICAL AGE AND GROWTH REGULATORS ON CALLUS BROWNING OF COCONUT ENDOSPERM CULTURE IN VITRO SUKAMTO*, LAZARUS AGUS
BIOTROPIA Vol. 18 No. 1 (2011): BIOTROPIA Vol. 18 No. 1 June 2011
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (565.689 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2011.18.1.136

Abstract

The possibility of physiological age and growth regulators affecting callus browning of coconut endosperm was investigated. Solid endosperm explants of four coconut fruits from same brunches of two coconut cultivars “Samoan Dwarf” were grown on modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) formula with addition of 10 mg l-1 putresine, 2.50 g l-1 activated charcoal (AC), 1.70 g l-1 phytagel, 0, 10-6, 10-5, 10-4, 10-3 M 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) or 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid (Picloram)  combined with 10-5M 6-benzylaminopurine (BA). Callogenesis occurred on 98.83% of explants.  Callus browning between different physiological ages (antipodal and micropylar tissues) of coconut endosperm at  9, 26 and 31 weeks of culture (WOC) was significantly different, but not at 16 and 21 WOC. Auxins of 2,4-D and Picloram did not affect significantly callus browning of endosperm cultures. Auxin doses at 10-6, 10-5, and 10-4M decreased significantly callus browning at 9 and 16 WOC, respectively,  but at 10-6M  browning was less significant compared to  other doses at  21 WOC. Auxin dose at 10-3 M caused  less significant  browning compared to  other doses at  31 WOC. The addition of BA decreased significantly callus browning at  9 WOC , but did not affect callus browning thereafter. Key words: Coconut, in vitro, Picloram, 2,4-D, BA  
Association of Tree Communities With Soil Properties in a Semi Deciduous Forest of Perlis, Peninsular Malaysia Zakaria, Radhiah; Mohd Said, Mohd Nizam; Ibrahim, Faridah Hanum
BIOTROPIA Vol. 27 No. 1 (2020): BIOTROPIA Vol. 27 No. 1 April 2020
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (178.354 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2020.27.1.1122

Abstract

Plant community distribution is associated with environmental factors, particularly the soil properties of habitats. This study was conducted to determine the effect of soil properties on the association of tree communities within three distinct habitats in a semi-deciduous forest in Perlis State Park (PSP), Perlis. Eighteen plots of 40 × 60 m (0.24 ha each) with sampling areas of 1.92 ha (8 plots) in Setul Formation, 0.96 ha (4 plots) in Granite and 1.44 ha (6 plots) in Kubang Pasu Formation (totaling 4.32 ha) were established at the PSP. All trees with 5.0 cm and above diameter at breast height (dbh) were enumerated, while the topsoil samples were collected from each plot for soil analyses. A total of 412 tree species, 207 genera, and 68 families were recorded; 270 tree species from 152 genera and 57 families in the Setul forest; 204 tree species of 130 genera and 50 families in the Granite forest; and 109 tree species from 76 genera and 31 families in the Kubang Pasu forest. Euphorbiaceae was the most represented family at Setul, Granite and Kubang Pasu with 36, 19 and 12 species, respectively. Soil properties significantly varied among the study sites. Setul had loam, Kubang Pasu had clay-loam, and Granite had sandy-loam texture. The soils were acidic and had low to high concentrations of available nutrients. Ordinations using canonical correspondence analysis indicated that the soil factors play an important role in the distribution and diversity of plants in these forest habitats.
APPLICATION METHOD OF ANTIMICROBIAL SUBSTANCES FOR THE CONTROL OF SCHIZOPHYLLUM COMMUNE FR. CAUSING BROWN GERM AND SEED ROT OF OIL PALM Dikin, Antario; Sijam, Kamaruzaman; Seman, Idris Abu
BIOTROPIA Vol. 15 No. 1 (2008): BIOTROPIA Vol. 15 No. 1 June 2008
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (664.024 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2008.15.1.4

Abstract

Biological seed treatment promotes to save the environment from toxic chemicals in the agricultural practices. Schizophyllum commune is one of the important seedborne pathogenic fungi causing brown germ and seed rot of oil palm which required effective and efficient treat­ment based on environmental friendly approaches. Anti-microbial substances are extracted from antagonistic bacteria of B. multivorans and M. testaceum after mass production in the liquid media. Application method of anti-microbial substances for the control of Schizophylllum commune was done by seed dipping for 30 minutes and vacuum infiltration at 400 mm Hg. vac. for 2 min. in supernatant of anti-microbial substances diluted in sterilized distilled water with concentra­tion ratio of 1:4. Application method using anti-microbial substances from antagonistic bacteria inhibited the growth of pathogenic fungus, enhanced seed germination, and without causing any abnormal growth of oil palm seedlings.
Dynamics of Microbial Community During Tempeh Fermentation Suwanto, Antonius
BIOTROPIA Vol. 28 No. 1 (2021): BIOTROPIA Vol. 28 No. 1 April 2021
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (524.271 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.0.0.0.820

Abstract

Tempeh is sliceable soybean-cake fermented by Rhizopus oligosporus. Various bacteria were detected in tempeh employing cultivation technique with limited information about their origin or sources. The present study aimed to examine the source/s of bacterial community in tempeh by combining metagenomics analysis and cultivation technique. Samples were obtained from a number of steps in tempeh production employing two-times boiling of soybean (WJB tempeh production). All samples were plated on Enterobacteriaceae and Lactic Acid Bacteria medium. Total DNA were extracted directly from tempeh for metagenomics analysis, employing High-Throughput Sequencing (HTS) and cloned 16S rRNA genes. Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the predominant and second dominant bacteria existed in fresh tempeh (FT) obtained by metagenomics analysis. In contrast, cultivation technique showed that Proteobacteria was the predominant phylum, suggested that most of the Firmicutes were not culturable. FT was dominated by Lactobacillus and Acetobacter. Both FT and soaking water (SW) were dominated by same species of Lactobacillus, i.e. L. delbreuckii and L. mucosae, indicated that SW was probably the source of bacterial community established in the final product of fermentation. Predominant bacteria in starter culture (SC), Acinetobacter, was not detected in FT, indicating that bacteria in SC might not play significant role in bacterial community development in FT.
OCCURRENCE OF ARBOREAL-CLIMBING GRAPSIDS AND OTHER BRACHYURANS IN TWO MANGROVE AREAS OF SOUTHERN LUZON, PHILIPPINES MASAGCA, JIMMY Tevar
BIOTROPIA Vol. 18 No. 2 (2011): BIOTROPIA Vol. 18 No. 2 December 2011
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (186.713 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2011.18.2.242

Abstract

     Despite the obvious importance to ecosystem functioning, the most prominent groups belonging to the Grapsidae are generally regarded as less studied in the Philippines. In this study, the occurrence of arboreal-climbing grapsids and other brachyurans associated with the mangals of Quezon and Catanduanes was considered including some aspects on climbing, burrowing and feeding behaviour of selected grapsids represented by Hemigrapsus, Pseudograpsus and Metopograpsus.  The non-grapsoid taxa are represented by Varunidae (Ptychognathus),   Portunidae (Charybdis, Portunus, Scylla, Thalamita); and Eriphiidae (Epixanthus). Metopograpsus latifrons (White, 1847) [Grapsus] is an exclusive mangrove tree climber (EMTC), while Pseudograpsus elongatus (A. Milne Edwards, 1873) is described here as occasional mangrove tree climber (OMTC). Hemigrapsus (Hemigrapsus) penicillatus (De Haan, 1835) [Grapsus (Eriocheir)] is a non-mangrove arboreal–climbing species (NTC) only seen on crevices of the mangrove areas. P. elongatus creates burrows most often than M.  latifrons. Likewise, the study provides information on the presence of the portunid orange mud crab (Scylla olivacea); the green mud crab (S. paramamosain); the varunid (Ptychognathus altimana); and extremely abundant xanthiid crab, Epixanthus dentatus in the mangroves of Catanduanes but not in Pagbilao, Quezon.  

Page 5 of 52 | Total Record : 520

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