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INDONESIA
Indonesia Discourse
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : -     EISSN : 31245684     DOI : https://doi.org/10.15294/ujmer
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Indonesia Discourse is a multidisciplinary, semi-annual journal that provides a timely and comprehensive study of Indonesia’s culture, history, government, economy, society, technology, and health. The journal is dedicated to fostering interdisciplinary research that examines Indonesia’s evolving role in the global context while offering in-depth analyses on the nation’s contemporary challenges, opportunities, and transformations.
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Articles 30 Documents
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Democracy for Sale to the Algorithm: How Platform Power Is Rewriting Political Participation in Indonesia Valerio Sebastian; Souad Ezzerouali; Muhammad Iqbal Baiquni
Indonesia Discourse Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): January-June, 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/indi.v3i1.65504

Abstract

The growing influence of digital platforms has transformed political communication and participation in Indonesia, raising critical questions about the relationship between technological power and democratic governance. Although social media has expanded opportunities for political expression, its algorithmic systems also determine the visibility of political messages, shape public attention, and potentially reproduce existing inequalities in political representation. This study aims to examine how platform power mediates political participation in Indonesia and how algorithmic content distribution intersects with political influence, commercial interests, and democratic accountability. It proposes a qualitative research design combining critical discourse analysis, digital ethnography, and semi-structured interviews with political communication practitioners, content creators, and digitally engaged citizens. Selected political content circulating on major social media platforms would be analyzed to investigate patterns of visibility, political framing, and the construction of public opinion. The theoretical framework integrates platform capitalism, algorithmic governance, and deliberative democracy. Rather than treating digital participation as inherently democratizing, the study conceptualizes it as a contested process shaped by unequal access to visibility and influence. The proposed analysis seeks to contribute an Indonesia-grounded perspective to international debates on digital democracy, platform accountability, and political communication in emerging democracies. Its findings could inform discussions on digital literacy, electoral integrity, and institutional responses to the growing political power of commercial platforms.
Green Transition, Dirty Foundations: The Hidden Contradictions of Indonesia’s Nickel Empire Septhian Eka Adiyatma; Uche Nnawulezi; Varun Chhachhar
Indonesia Discourse Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): January-June, 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/indi.v3i1.65505

Abstract

Indonesia’s ambition to become a central player in the global electric vehicle supply chain has elevated nickel downstreaming into a cornerstone of national industrial policy. Presented as a pathway toward economic transformation and participation in the global green transition, this strategy also raises questions about environmental sustainability, labor conditions, and the distribution of economic benefits. This study proposes to critically examine the contradictions between Indonesia’s green industrial ambitions and the social and ecological consequences of nickel extraction and processing. Drawing on environmental justice, political ecology, and global value chain theory, the research would employ a qualitative case-study approach focusing on selected nickel-producing regions in Sulawesi and, where analytically relevant, Maluku. Data collection would combine policy-document analysis, corporate sustainability disclosures, environmental assessments, and semi-structured interviews with workers, community representatives, policymakers, and civil society organizations. The analysis would investigate how the costs and benefits of nickel industrialization are distributed across communities, firms, and the state, while examining Indonesia’s position within international competition over critical minerals. Particular attention would be given to tensions between national economic sovereignty, foreign investment, and local environmental security. The study aims to advance debates on whether resource-based industrialization can deliver an equitable green transition in emerging economies. Its anticipated contribution is a context-sensitive framework for evaluating industrial development beyond export growth and investment indicators, with implications for environmental governance and responsible mineral supply chains.
The Precarious Generation: How Indonesia’s Youth Navigate the Broken Promise of Social Mobility Ahmad Farhan Kusuma; Paula Putri; Mohammad Hadi Abdul Malik
Indonesia Discourse Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): January-June, 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/indi.v3i1.65506

Abstract

Higher education, digital connectivity, and professional aspirations are commonly presented as pathways to upward social mobility for Indonesia’s younger generations. However, the relationship between educational attainment and economic security has become increasingly important to examine amid concerns about employment quality, informal work, and unequal access to opportunity. This study proposes to investigate how young Indonesians negotiate the gap between meritocratic expectations and their experiences of economic insecurity. It conceptualizes precarity not merely as unstable employment but as a broader condition involving uncertain futures, constrained autonomy, and difficulties in achieving socially recognized milestones of adulthood. A qualitative research design would combine semi-structured interviews with young adults from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds, documentary analysis of labor-market and education policies, and examination of public narratives concerning youth success and personal responsibility. Participants would be selected to capture differences in educational attainment, employment status, gender, and urban or rural residence. The analysis would draw on theories of social reproduction, precarity, and intergenerational inequality to examine how structural constraints shape individual aspirations and perceptions of success. Rather than assuming that Indonesian youth constitute a homogeneous demographic group, the study would investigate how class position and social location influence their opportunities and coping strategies. The research aims to contribute to comparative discussions on youth transitions and social mobility in emerging economies. Its policy implications concern the relationship between education, decent work, and more inclusive pathways toward economic security.
Convenience for Consumers, Insecurity for Workers: The Political Economy of Platform Labor in Indonesia Fitria Damayanti; Sulaiman Nurhadi
Indonesia Discourse Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): January-June, 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/indi.v3i1.65507

Abstract

Digital labor platforms have become increasingly significant to the organization of urban services, including transportation, food delivery, and other forms of on-demand work in Indonesia. While these platforms offer consumers convenience and create accessible income opportunities, questions remain about workers’ earnings, employment protections, and dependence on algorithmically mediated systems. This study aims to examine the political economy of platform labor by investigating how digital business models redistribute risks and responsibilities between platform companies, workers, consumers, and the state. Using a comparative qualitative case-study design, the research would focus on selected platform-based occupations in major Indonesian urban centers. Data would be collected through semi-structured interviews with platform workers, analysis of publicly available platform policies and regulatory documents, and examination of worker narratives and collective advocacy. The analytical framework combines labor process theory, platform capitalism, and the concept of algorithmic management. Particular attention would be paid to incentive structures, performance monitoring, income uncertainty, and access to social protection. The study would also investigate how workers interpret autonomy and flexibility in relation to their actual capacity to control working conditions. By situating platform labor within Indonesia’s broader labor-market institutions, the research seeks to move beyond a binary distinction between technological innovation and worker exploitation. Its proposed contribution is an empirically grounded account of how digital intermediation reshapes labor relations in an emerging economy, with implications for labor regulation, social security, and the governance of platform-based employment.
Tradition in the Age of Virality: Who Owns Indonesian Culture When Algorithms Decide What Gets Seen? Amiludin Amiludin; Abdul Basit; Erin Nurcahyo
Indonesia Discourse Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): January-June, 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/indi.v3i1.65508

Abstract

The expansion of social media has transformed how Indonesian cultural practices are represented, circulated, and commercialized across national and international audiences. Traditional performances, local knowledge, artistic expressions, and community-based heritage can gain unprecedented visibility through digital platforms, yet this visibility also raises questions about cultural ownership, representational authority, and the distribution of economic benefits. This study proposes to investigate how algorithmic visibility and platform-based commercialization reshape the relationships between cultural communities, digital creators, commercial intermediaries, and audiences. Using a qualitative multi-case study, the research would examine selected Indonesian cultural expressions circulating on major social media platforms. Data collection would combine digital ethnography, critical discourse analysis of selected posts and videos, interviews with cultural practitioners and content creators, and analysis of relevant cultural heritage and intellectual property policies. The theoretical framework integrates cultural political economy, digital anthropology, and debates on cultural appropriation and heritage governance. The analysis would examine who is authorized to represent cultural traditions, how authenticity is negotiated in viral content, and whether the benefits of digital exposure reach the communities associated with the practices being circulated. By connecting local cultural politics with global platform infrastructures, the study seeks to contribute to international debates on digital cultural heritage and the unequal governance of online visibility. Its implications concern culturally responsive digital policy, community participation, and mechanisms for protecting collective cultural interests in the platform economy.
Climate Adaptation for Whom? The Unequal Politics of Survival in Urban Indonesia Aprila Niravita; Puji Lestari; Siti Hafsyah Idris
Indonesia Discourse Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): July-December, 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/indi.v3i2.65509

Abstract

Climate-related hazards, including flooding, extreme rainfall, and coastal inundation, pose increasingly important challenges for urban governance in Indonesia. Adaptation policies often emphasize infrastructure, technological solutions, and urban resilience, yet their social consequences may differ significantly across neighborhoods and socioeconomic groups. This study aims to examine how urban climate adaptation policies distribute protection, costs, and risks among different populations. It proposes a comparative qualitative case-study design involving selected flood-prone neighborhoods in Indonesian cities, with attention to differences in infrastructure provision, tenure arrangements, and household vulnerability. Research methods would include policy-document analysis, spatial examination of publicly available hazard and infrastructure data, semi-structured interviews with residents and local officials, and participatory mapping where feasible. The analytical framework combines climate justice, urban political ecology, and the right-to-the-city perspective. The study would investigate how adaptation priorities are established, whose knowledge informs planning decisions, and whether interventions unintentionally displace vulnerable communities or reproduce existing spatial inequalities. Rather than treating resilience as a neutral technical objective, the research conceptualizes it as a political process involving competing interests and unequal capacities to influence urban development. The anticipated contribution is a framework for evaluating climate adaptation through distributive, procedural, and recognitional justice. By grounding global climate governance debates in Indonesian urban experiences, the study could inform more inclusive approaches to infrastructure planning, disaster-risk reduction, and community participation.
Universal Coverage, Unequal Care: Rethinking the Politics of Healthcare Access in Indonesia Michael Bangun Sanjaya
Indonesia Discourse Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): July-December, 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/indi.v3i2.65510

Abstract

The expansion of universal health coverage represents a major development in Indonesia’s pursuit of social welfare and equitable healthcare access. Nevertheless, formal entitlement to healthcare does not necessarily guarantee equivalent experiences of service availability, affordability, quality, or continuity. This study proposes to investigate the gap between health insurance coverage and effective access to care, focusing on the institutional and social mechanisms that may sustain inequalities across different populations. A mixed-methods research design would combine analysis of publicly available health-system indicators and policy documents with qualitative interviews involving patients, healthcare professionals, and local health administrators. Comparative case studies would examine differences across selected urban and rural settings, taking account of geographic accessibility, facility capacity, administrative procedures, and socioeconomic position. The theoretical framework draws on health equity, welfare-state analysis, and street-level bureaucracy to understand how national policy is translated into everyday healthcare encounters. Particular attention would be given to the distinction between nominal coverage and the practical ability to obtain timely and appropriate treatment. The study would also consider how institutional constraints influence the experiences of groups facing additional barriers to healthcare access. By connecting healthcare delivery with broader debates on inequality and state capacity, the research aims to contribute an institutionally grounded assessment of universal health coverage in an emerging economy. Its policy relevance lies in identifying opportunities to strengthen service delivery, reduce access barriers, and align insurance expansion with substantive healthcare equity.
The Myth of Digital Inclusion: Does Indonesia’s Digital Economy Empower the Poor or Repackage Inequality? Rani Putri Andini; Asadullah Nur Hamzah
Indonesia Discourse Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): July-December, 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/indi.v3i2.65511

Abstract

Digital transformation is frequently presented as a mechanism for expanding economic opportunity, improving financial inclusion, and enabling disadvantaged populations to participate in new markets. In Indonesia, the growth of digital commerce, financial technology, and platform-mediated entrepreneurship has intensified expectations that technological access can support poverty reduction and economic empowerment. However, access to digital infrastructure does not automatically translate into equal capabilities, bargaining power, or economic returns. This study proposes to examine the conditions under which participation in Indonesia’s digital economy expands opportunities or reproduces existing socioeconomic inequalities. A mixed-methods design would combine secondary-data analysis, policy review, and qualitative case studies of microenterprises and low-income digital workers. Where suitable data are available, the quantitative component would examine associations between digital participation and selected economic indicators, while the qualitative component would investigate platform fees, digital literacy, access to capital, market dependence, and the capacity to retain economic value. The analytical framework integrates the digital divide literature, capability theory, and political economy approaches to inequality. The research would distinguish between access to technology, effective use, and measurable socioeconomic outcomes rather than treating digital inclusion as a single condition. Its anticipated contribution is a more differentiated understanding of digital development in an emerging economy, challenging assumptions that technological participation necessarily produces empowerment. The findings could inform policies that connect digital infrastructure investment with skills development, fair platform governance, and targeted support for economically marginalized groups.
Electoral Democracy, Oligarchic Continuity: Why Political Change Does Not Always Mean Structural Reform in Indonesia Mamonto Moch. Andry Wikra Wardhana; Sergi Fernandez Alejandro; Ridwan Arifin; Mashaallah Othman Alzwae; Adie Dwiyanto Nurlukman
Indonesia Discourse Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): July-December, 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/indi.v3i2.65512

Abstract

Indonesia’s democratic institutions have enabled regular electoral competition and peaceful transfers of executive power, yet questions remain about the extent to which electoral change transforms the underlying distribution of political and economic influence. The persistence of elite networks, concentrated resources, and patronage relationships provides a basis for examining the relationship between democratic procedures and substantive political reform. This study proposes to investigate how elite continuity operates within Indonesia’s post-Reformasi political system and how it shapes opportunities for institutional change. Drawing on theories of political oligarchy, elite reproduction, and democratic accountability, the research would employ qualitative process tracing and critical analysis of selected policy episodes. Sources would include legislative records, party documents, campaign-finance disclosures where available, public statements, and relevant investigative reporting and scholarly literature. The analysis would examine relationships among political financing, elite networks, policy bargaining, and the distribution of influence over selected public decisions. Rather than assuming that all policy continuity reflects oligarchic control, the study would distinguish between institutional constraints, legitimate policy preferences, and demonstrable mechanisms of elite influence. This distinction is essential for developing empirically defensible explanations of democratic persistence and reform limitations. The research aims to contribute to comparative debates on democratic consolidation in emerging economies by examining how formal electoral competition interacts with informal power structures. Its broader implications concern political transparency, party institutionalization, campaign-finance regulation, and mechanisms for strengthening substantive democratic accountability in Indonesia.
Building a New Capital, Reimagining the Nation: Nusantara and the Politics of Indonesia’s Developmental Future Phirun Ketsaraphat; Kiran Vejanont
Indonesia Discourse Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): July-December, 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/indi.v3i2.65513

Abstract

Indonesia’s relocation of its national capital to Nusantara represents a major state-led development initiative with implications for territorial governance, national identity, environmental sustainability, and the country’s international positioning. Beyond its administrative objectives, the project raises broader questions about how states construct narratives of modernization, redistribute public resources, and imagine their future relationships with citizens and territory. This study proposes to examine Nusantara as both a spatial transformation and a political project through which Indonesia’s developmental ambitions are articulated and contested. Using a qualitative case-study approach, the research would combine critical discourse analysis of official policy documents and public communications with examination of environmental assessments, planning materials, and media representations. Where feasible, interviews with policymakers, local communities, civil society organizations, and development stakeholders would provide additional perspectives on the project’s social and political implications. The theoretical framework integrates political geography, developmental-state theory, and critical urban studies. The analysis would investigate how narratives of national progress, technological modernity, and territorial balance are constructed, while examining tensions involving environmental protection, community participation, financing, and the distribution of development benefits. Rather than presuming either the success or failure of the capital relocation, the study would assess the competing claims through which Nusantara’s legitimacy and future are negotiated. Its proposed contribution is to connect Indonesian capital relocation with wider international debates on state-led urban development, national identity, and sustainable territorial transformation.

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