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INDONESIA
Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan
Published by Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, Kementerian Kesehatan
ISSN : 08539987     EISSN : 23383445     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Public Health
Media Health Research and Development ( Media of Health Research and Development ) is one of the journals published by the Agency for Health Research and Development ( National Institute of Health Research and Development ) , Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. This journal article is a form of research results , research reports and assessments / reviews related to the efforts of health in Indonesia . Media Research and Development of Health published 4 times a year and has been accredited Indonesian Institute of Sciences ( LIPI ) by Decree No. 396/AU2/P2MI/04/2012 . This journal was first published in March 1991.
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Articles 6 Documents
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Search results for , issue " Vol 27, No 4 (2017)" : 6 Documents clear
Hubungan Anemia Gizi dengan Infeksi Kecacingan pada Remaja Putri di Beberapa SLTA di Kota Palu Syahnuddin, Muchlis; Gunawan, Gunawan; Sumolang, Phetisya Pamela Frederika; Lobo, Leonardo Taruk
Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Vol 27, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (0.001 KB) | DOI: 10.22435/mpk.v27i4.5607.223-228

Abstract

Anemia is a medical condition in which the number of red blood cells or the hemoglobin is less than normal. Normal hemoglobin levels in adolescent girls is > 12 g/dl. Adolescent girls are said to be anemic if Hb <12 g/dl. The high number of worm infection and the high incidence of anemia among adolescent girls are closely related because worm infection is one of the causes of anemia. This study aimed to analyze factors affecting anemia among high school adolescent girls in the city of Palu. This study was an observational study with case-control study design. Stool sample tested by using direct method showed that 8 out of 72 samples (11.11%) were found positively infected by the worm eggs. There was no association between anemia and worm infection. Most respondents consumed insufficient daily intake of iron and vitamin C. Type of worms was mostly hookworm and follwed by Trihuris trichiura. In order to improve insufficient nutrient intake to prevent anemia in adolescent girls, there should be a communication between teachers and parents to get them more concerned about consuming varied and iron-rich foods, and preventing worm infection.   Abstrak Anemia adalah suatu kondisi medis dimana jumlah sel darah merah atau hemoglobin kurang dari normal. Kadar Hb normal pada remaja putri adalah > 12 gr/dl. Remaja putri dikatakan anemia jika kadar Hb < 12 gr/dl. Tingginya angka kecacingan serta masih tingginya angka kejadian anemia pada remaja putri secara nasional sangat berhubungan karena infeksi kecacingan merupakan salah satu penyebab terjadinya anemia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh pada anemia remaja putri di beberapa SLTA Kota Palu. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan desain penelitian metode case-control. Hasil pemeriksaan sampel tinja menunjukkan bahwa dari 72 sampel tinja yang terkumpul, sebanyak 8 sampel (11,11%) ditemukan positif terinfeksi telur cacing. Tidak ada hubungan antara anemia dan kecacingan. Sebagian besar responden tidak tercukupi jumlah asupan zat besi dan asupan vitamin C harian. Spesies cacing yang ditemukan terbanyak berturut-turut adalah hookworm dan Trichuris trichiura. Untuk mengantisipasi ketidakcukupan asupan zat gizi pada remaja putri perlu dilakukan komunikasi antara guru dengan orang tua siswa agar memperhatikan asupan makanan yang beragam dan cukup zat besi serta mencegah kejadian kecacingan. 
Profil Petani Sayur di Kabupaten Karanganyar Berdasarkan Kadar Kholinesterase dan Fungsi Tiroidnya Purwandari, Rina; Musoddaq, Muhamad Arif; Fuada, Noviati
Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Vol 27, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/mpk.v27i4.5945.237-246

Abstract

Iodine is an essential mineral. This mineral is indispensable as thyroid forming substance, which is produced by the thyroid gland. The performance of the thyroid gland could be disrupted by the pesticide, when used excessively. Disorders occur in the process of thyroid hormone synthesis, which is on the receptor TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) in the thyroid gland. Thyroid hormone synthesis become inhibited because TSH can not enter the thyroid gland. It also inhibits the work of enzymes that act as catalyst for changes in T4 and T3 (active forms of hormones in the body). The presence of pesticides in the body is indicated by levels of cholinesterase in the blood. This study was conducted to know the profile of farmers exposed to pesticides, measure levels of cholinestrase (CHE), TSH levels in the blood of farmers, and analyze the relationship of pesticide residues (blood cholinestrase levels) to thyroid function (TSH level). Subject of research (N) was 109 farmers. Characteristic data were obtained by interview using structured instruments. Levels of TSH and T4 were analyzed by ELISA method. Cholinesterase was measured by spectrophotometry. Test kit was used to test the quality of salt. The results of this study showed 7.3% of farmers have cholinesterase levels below normal limits; 4.6% of farmers have high levels of TSH; and 6.4% of farmers have T4 levels below normal values. It is concluded that farmers with subclinical hypothyroidism and low-levels of poisoning are still found. However, there is no relationship between pesticide residues and thyroid function in farmers.   Abstrak Iodium merupakan mineral esensial. Mineral tersebut sangat diperlukan sebagai zat pembentuk hormon tiroid yang diproduksi oleh kelenjar tiroid. Kinerja kelenjar tiroid dapat terganggu oleh pestisida apabila digunakan secara berlebihan. Gangguan terjadi pada proses sintesis hormon tiroid, yaitu pada reseptor TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) di kelenjar tiroid. Sintesis hormon tiroid menjadi terhambat karena TSH tidak dapat masuk ke kelenjar tiroid. Menghambat pula kerja enzim yang berfungsi sebagai katalis perubahan T4 dan T3 (bentuk aktif hormon dalam tubuh). Keberadaan pestisida dalam tubuh diindikasikan dengan kadar kholinesterase dalam darah. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui profil petani yang terpapar pestisida, mengukur kadar kholinestrase (CHE), kadar TSH dalam darah petani, dan menganalisis hubungan residu pestisida (kadar kholinestrase darah) terhadap fungsi tiroid (kadar TSH). Subyek penelitian (N) sebesar 109 petani. Data karakteristik diperoleh dengan wawancara menggunakan instrumen terstruktur. Kadar TSH dan T4 dianalisis dengan metode ELISA. Kholinesterase diukur dengan spektrofotometri. Tes kit untuk menguji kualitas garam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebesar 7,3% petani memiliki kadar kholinesterase di bawah batas normal; 4,6% petani memiliki kadar TSH tinggi; dan 6,4% petani memiliki kadar T4 di bawah nilai normal. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara residu pestisida dengan fungsi tiroid pada petani. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah petani yang mengalami hipotiroid subklinis dan keracunan tingkat rendah masih ditemukan. Namun demikian tidak terdapat hubungan antara residu pestisida dengan fungsi tiroid pada petani.
Seroprevalensi Hepatitis C pada Populasi Perkotaan dan Perdesaan di Indonesia Tahun 2013: Kajian Determinan Sosiodemografi, Lingkungan, Pejamu, dan Komorbiditas (Analisis Lanjut Riskesdas 2013) Dany, Frans; Handayani, Sarwo
Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Vol 27, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (0.001 KB) | DOI: 10.22435/mpk.v27i4.6267.197-208

Abstract

Hepatitis C is an infectious disease caused by RNA virus that is often asymptomatic and can lead into serious complications such as liver cancer. It remains one of major public health issues in several developing countries. Urban and rural areas have different sociodemographic characteristics but seroprevalence of hepatitis C based on antibody against hepatitis C virus (HCV) shows the same proportion of 1.0% in both areas, suggesting that there is discrepancy of risk factors for HCV infection between the two. This analysis aims to identify such determinants that include sociodemographic factors, neighbourhood, environmental conditions including hygienic behaviour and access to healthcare facilities, host conditions and comorbidities outside major risk factors. The analysis used secondary data of Riskesdas 2013 through complex logistic regression technique and alternative tests. The results showed that the determinants of HCV seroprevalence in urban and rural respondents were: gender, unemployment status, prediabetes, abnormalities of HDL and triglyceride levels, renal impairment and malaria. Hence, hepatitis C management strategies in Indonesia may require different approach to urban populations compared to rural areas. Abstrak Hepatitis C merupakan penyakit infeksius akibat virus RNA yang sering tidak bergejala dan dapat menimbulkan komplikasi serius seperti kanker hati. Hal tersebut masih menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat utama di sejumlah negara berkembang. Area urban dan rural memiliki perbedaan karakteristik sosiodemografi, tetapi seroprevalensi hepatitis C berdasarkan antibodi terhadap virus hepatitis C (hepatitis C virus, HCV) di Indonesia berdasarkan hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2013 menunjukkan proporsi yang sama, yaitu 1,0% sehingga memunculkan dugaan adanya perbedaan faktor risiko infeksi HCV antara kedua kategori tempat tinggal. Analisis ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi determinan tersebut yang meliputi faktor sosiodemografi, kondisi lingkungan sekitar berikut perilaku higienis dan akses ke fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan, kondisi pejamu, serta komorbiditas di luar faktor risiko utama. Analisis menggunakan data sekunder Riskesdas 2013 melalui teknik complex samples regresi logistik dan uji alternatif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan perbedaan determinan seroprevalensi HCV pada responden perkotaan dan perdesaan, antara lain: jenis kelamin, status pengangguran kepala keluarga, prediabetes, abnormalitas kadar HDL dan trigliserida, gangguan ginjal, dan malaria. Karena itu, strategi penatalaksanaan hepatitis C di Indonesia memerlukan pendekatan yang berbeda untuk populasi perkotaan dibandingkan dengan perdesaan.
Toksisitas dan Aktivitas Antimalaria Melalui Penghambatan Polimerisasi Hem Secara In Vitro Ekstrak Daun Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) Septiana, Eris; Gianny, Demitra; Simanjuntak, Partomuan
Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Vol 27, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/mpk.v27i4.6499.255-262

Abstract

Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) has been used to treat malaria. In vitro research using parasite or through heme polymerization inhibition using andrografolide and in vivo using infected animal test have been done widely, however, heme polymerization inhibition from extracts with different polarity levels has not been studied yet. The aims of this study were to investigate the heme polymerization inhibition activity and toxicity of sambiloto leaf extracts. Sambiloto leaf extracted with gradually maceration using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and 70% ethanol respectively. Heme polymerization inhibition activity was used as in vitro antimalarial test. Brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) was used to determine toxicity of the extracts. Phytochemically screening was done for all extracts qualitatively. The results of this study were n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and 70% ethanol extracts had heme polymerization inhibition activities with IC50 values at 2,196.57; 1,235.54; and 1,157.24 μg/mL respectively. N-hexane, ethyl acetate, and 70% ethanol have LC50 values at 1,155.79; 1,133.89; and 5,229.15 μg/mL respectively. 70% ethanol extract contains alkaloid, flavonoid, steroid/triterpenoid, saponin, and tannin. N-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts has only contains alkaloid and flavonoid. 70% ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane extracts of sambiloto leaf have ability to inhibit heme polymerization and also non toxic to Artemia salina larvae.   Abstrak Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) telah lama digunakan untuk mengobati malaria. Penelitian in vitro dengan parasit maupun melalui penghambatan polimerisasi hem dengan senyawa andrografolida dan in vivo dengan hewan uji terinfeksi telah dilakukan, namun demikian belum ada penelitian tentang penghambatan polimerisasi hem ekstrak dengan tingkat kepolaran yang berbeda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas penghambatan polimerisasi hem dan toksisitas ekstrak daun sambiloto. Daun sambiloto diekstraksi secara maserasi bertingkat berturut-turut menggunakan pelarut n-heksan, etil asetat, dan etanol 70%. Uji antimalaria secara in vitro menggunakan metode penghambatan polimerisasi hem. Uji toksisitas menggunakan metode uji kematian larva Artemia salina (BSLT). Skrining fitokimia dilakukan secara kualitatif untuk seluruh ekstrak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak n-heksan, etil asetat, dan etanol 70% memiliki aktivitas penghambatan polimerisasi hem dengan nilai IC50 masing-masing sebesar 2.196,57; 1.235,54; dan 1.157,24 μg/mL. Ekstrak n-heksan, etil asetat, dan etanol 70% masing-masing memiliki nilai LC50 sebesar 1.155,79; 1.133,89; dan 5.229,15 μg/mL. Ekstrak etanol 70% mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, steroid/triterpenoid, saponin, dan tannin. Ekstrak n-heksan dan etil asetat hanya mengandung alkaloid dan steroid/triterpenoid. Ekstrak etanol 70%, etil asetat, dan n-heksan daun sambiloto memiliki kemampuan dalam menghambat polimerisasi hem dan tidak toksik terhadap larva Artemia salina.
Efektivitas Leaflet dan Konseling terhadap Kepatuhan Minum Tablet Besi dan Kadar Hemoglobin Ibu Hamil dengan Anemia di Puskesmas di Kabupaten Bogor Vernissa, Venni; Andrajati, Retnosari; Supardi, Sudibyo
Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Vol 27, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/mpk.v27i4.6628.229-236

Abstract

According to National Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) 2013, the prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in urban area is 36.4%. The treatment of anemia in pregnant women is conducted by administering 90 iron tablets during pregnancy. The majority of anemia in pregnant women is mostly caused by lacking of iron (Fe) due to lack of adherence in taking iron tablets. The objective of this research was to assess the effectiveness of leaflet compared to counseling to improve adherence and increasing hemoglobin status of pregnant women with anemia in primary health care in Bogor District. The research design was quasi-experimental by giving counseling as an intervention conducted by pharmacists to 79 pregnant women with anemia in Cibungbulan primary health care and delivering leaflet to 79 pregnant women with anemia in Ciluengsi primary health care Bogor District in 2013. The evaluation was conducted by using MMAS-8 (Morisky Medication Adherence Scale) questionnaires and Hb rate with STAT-Site MHgb equipment a month after the intervention. Data analysis was carried out with Chi-Square test, Wilcoxon test, Mann-Whitney test and multivariate logistic regression analysis. This research suggests that either counseling by pharmacist or leaflet increases adherence to take iron tablets (P < 0.05). The effectiveness of leaflets and counseling to increase adherence to pregnant women with anemia were not statistically different. Pregnant women with anemia who adhere to take iron tablet have their Hb rate improved 3.24 times compared to those who do not adhere to take iron tablet. Pregnant women with anemia who eat food source of heme every day have their Hb rate improved 2.31 times compared to those who do not eat food source of heme every day.   Abstrak Menurut Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2013, prevalensi anemia pada ibu hamil di perkotaan sebesar 36,4%. Penanggulangan anemia pada ibu hamil dilakukan dengan pemberian minimal 90 tablet besi selama kehamilannya. Sebagian besar anemia pada ibu hamil di Indonesia disebabkan karena kekurangan zat besi (Fe) akibat ketidakpatuhannya meminum tablet besi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menilai efektivitas leaflet dibandingkan konseling terhadap peningkatan kepatuhan minum tablet besi dan kadar hemoglobin (Hb) ibu hamil dengan anemia di dua puskesmas di Kabupaten Bogor. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuasi eksperimen, dengan intervensi berupa konseling oleh apoteker pada 79 ibu hamil dengan anemia di Puskesmas Cibungbulan dan pemberian leaflet pada 79 ibu hamil dengan anemia di Puskesmas Cileungsi Kabupaten Bogor pada tahun 2013. Sebulan setelah intervensi, dilakukan evaluasi untuk menilai peningkatan kepatuhan minum tablet besi dan kadar Hb menggunakan kuesioner MMAS-8 dan pengukuran kadar Hb. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji Chi-square, uji Wilcoxon, uji Mann Whitney dan uji regresi logistik multivariat. Kesimpulan bahwa konseling oleh apoteker atau pemberian leaflet pada ibu hamil dengan anemia meningkatkan kepatuhan minum tablet besi (P < 0,05) secara bermakna. Efektivitas leaflet dan konseling terhadap peningkatan kepatuhan minum tablet besi pada ibu hamil dengan anemia secara statistik tidak berbeda. Peningkatan kepatuhan minum obat dan makan makanan yang mengandung protein setiap hari dapat meningkatkan kadar Hb secara bermakna (P < 0,05). Ibu hamil dengan anemia yang patuh minum tablet besi, kadar Hb-nya meningkat 3,24 kali dibandingkan yang tidak. Ibu hamil dengan anemia yang makan makanan yang mengandung protein setiap hari, kadar Hb-nya meningkat 2,31 kali dibandingkan ibu yang tidak makan makanan yang mengandung protein.
Front Matter Vol 27 No 4 Media Litbangkes, Sekretariat
Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Vol 27, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/mpk.v27i4.8061.

Abstract

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