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ASPIRATOR

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Published by Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, Kementerian Kesehatan

ISSN : - EISSN : - DOI : 10.22435/aspirator.v9i1.4443.1-10

Core Subject : Health, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Medicine & Pharmacology

Jurnal Penelitian Penyakit Tular Vektor menerima artikel ilmiah yang ditulis berdasarkan hasil penelitian (original paper), systematic review, case reports, maupun komunikasi pendek (short-communication), serta metodologi dan pendekatan baru dalam penelitian penyakit tular vektor (vector-borne disease).

Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran Hewan - Kedokteran Hewan (Lain-Lain)

Articles 176 Documents

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Efek Ekstrak Kulit Jeruk Purut (Citrus hystrix DC) terhadap Morfologi dan Histologi Larva Aedes aegypti Ririh Jatmi wikandari; Surati Surati
ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-borne Disease Studies Vol 10 No 2 (2018): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 10 Nomor 2 2018
Publisher : Loka Litbang Kesehatan Pangandaran

Essential oils can be used as an alternative to naturally control Ae. aegypti. Essential oil can affect morphology and histology of Aedes aegypti larvae. The aims of this study were to determine the effect of larvacide essential oil of kaffir lime against mortality and to know morphological and histological changes of Ae. aegypti larvae. The study was conducted in June 2016 at the Parasitology and Entomology Laboratory of University Jenderal Soedirman. This study was an experimental study with three concentrations and three replications. The death of the larvae is calculated after 24 hours of exposure. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that 103 ppm concentration was effective in killing larvae by 96%. Exposure of kaffir lime peel oils results in the color of the abdomen becoming black. Histological observation preparation larvae showed midgut epithelial cell damage.

Diversitas Nyamuk di Sekitar Kandang Ternak di Kecamatan Mantikulore Kota Palu Malonda maksud; Yusran udin; Hasrida Mustafa; Risti Risti
ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-borne Disease Studies Vol 10 No 2 (2018): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 10 Nomor 2 2018
Publisher : Loka Litbang Kesehatan Pangandaran

Mosquito transmitted diseases are still a health problem in Indonesia, including in Palu City. Among the types of mosquitoes as a vector of the disease, there are to be zoophilic of animal blood. The study against the diversity of mosquitoes has been conducted in the area with the largest cattle population in Palu City, that Mantikulore District. The purpose of this study was to gain an overview diversity of mosquitoes around the cattle sheds. The study was carried out with free collection of mosquitoes around cattle sheds from 18:00 to 06:00 and one light trapping (CDC-Light Trap) at each location throughout the night from 18:00 to 06:00. Distribution diversity of mosquito around cattle sheds in five locations obtained 3 genus and 14 species of mosquitoes from a total of 1,464 captured mosquitoes. Culex vishnui is the most abundant mosquito in four research sites, namely in Kawatuna (44.44%), Poboya (82.18%), Tondo (66.95%), and Tanamodindi (38.58%). While in Talise the most abundant mosquito is Cx. quinquefasciatus amount 52.39%. The abundance of Cx. quinquefasciatus and Cx. vishnui was directly proportional to the frequency and dominance index. Shannon-Wiener diversity index shows the level of diversity in Kawatuna village, Talise village, and Tanamodindi village belongs to the medium, and in Poboya village and Tondo village belongs to low.

Perbedaan Dataran Tinggi dan Dataran Rendah terhadap Keberagaman Spesies Anopheles spp. di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur Mutiara Widawati; Made agus nurjana; Rika mayasari
ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-borne Disease Studies Vol 10 No 2 (2018): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 10 Nomor 2 2018
Publisher : Loka Litbang Kesehatan Pangandaran

Ecological studies on the vector species diversity usually focused on particular habitats and not a comparative study. Therefore, a research has been carried out to see the variation from one of many aspects which affects the condition of a habitat such as altitude. This study aimed to determine the Anopheles spp. species diversity between highland and lowland captured in the research of Vektora 2015-2016 in East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. This study is a further analysis of Vektora Research Data from 2015 to 2016 in East Nusa Tenggara Province. The population in this study is the whole Anopheles spp. in East Nusa Tenggara Province from 2015-2016. The sample is Anopheles species caught on Vektora. The variables used in this study are categorical variables of highland or lowland, Anopheles species and dominance index. This study results indicate that there is a significant difference in the number of Anopheles obtained per species between the lowlands and the highlands. The number of Anopheles found in the lowland is higher than in the highland. The lowland have more Anopheles species variation compare to the highland. Anopheles annularis is the most commonly Anopheles found in the lowlands whereas Anopheles vagus is the most commonly Anopheles found in the highlands.

Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Tindakan Masyarakat tentang Filariasis Limfatik di Kecamatan Kodi Balaghar, Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya Mefi mariana tallan; Fridolina Mau; Anderias K Bulu
ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-borne Disease Studies Vol 11 No 1 (2019): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 11 Nomor 1 2019
Publisher : Loka Litbang Kesehatan Pangandaran

Kaki gajah (elephenthiasis) adalah penyakit menular menahun disebabkan oleh cacing filaria (Mikrofilaria) yang ditularkan oleh beberapa jenis nyamuk. Secara umum penyakit ini dikenal dengan sebutan filariasis. Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya dinyatakan sebagai daerah endemis filariasis sebab ditemukan mikrofilaria rate diatas 1%. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahun, sikap, dan tindakan penderita (responden positif mikrofilaria) dan yang bukan penderita (responden negatif mikrofilaria) dengan kejadian filariasis. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Kodi Balaghar Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya selama delapan bulan sejak bulan April hingga November 2014 menggunakan desain penelitian potong lintang. Penentuan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling, analisis data menggunakan uji statistik chi-square (Univariat dan bivariat). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penderita filariasis ditemukan pada responden dengan tingkat pendidikan rendah atau tidak pernah sekolah, berusia 30‒45 tahun dan pekerjaan utama petani. Hasil uji statistik diperoleh P-value = 0,000 artinya ada hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan tindakan dengan kejadian positif filariasis. Hasil analisis variabel Pengetahuan diperoleh bahwa nilai Relative Risk (RR) = 6,000,artinya penderita dengan pengetahuan rendah berpeluang 6,000 kali untuk terinfeksi filariasis dibandingkan dengan responden dengan tingkat pengetahuan tinggi. Variabel Sikap diperoleh RR = 3,333 artinya penderita dengan sikap negatif berpeluang 3,333 kali untuk terinfeksi filariasis dibandingkan dengan responden dengan bersikap positif. Variabel tindakan responden diperoleh nilai RR = 1,824 artinya penderita dengan tindakan salah berpeluang 1,824 kali untuk terinfeksi filariasis dibandingkan dengan responden dengan tindakan benar. Kesimpulan, responden positif filariasis memiliki tingkat pendidikan dan pengetahuan yang lebih rendah serta memiliki sikap dan tindakan negatif terhadap upaya pengendalian faktor risiko penularan dan melakukan tindakan yang salah dalam pencegahan penyakit dibandingkan dengan responden yang bukan penderita.

Keragaman Spesies Tersangka Vektor Filariasis Berdasarkan Tipe Habitat dan Ekosistem di Kabupaten Sarmi Provinsi Papua Milana Salim; Mara Ipa`; Olwin Nainggolan
ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-borne Disease Studies Vol 11 No 1 (2019): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 11 Nomor 1 2019
Publisher : Loka Litbang Kesehatan Pangandaran

Filariasis masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di Kabupaten Sarmi. Pada tahun 2014 tercatat terdapat 76 kasus baru. Informasi mengenai aspek penentu penularan filariasis dalam hubungannya dengan vektor dibutuhkan sebagai dasar upaya pengendalian. Analisis lanjut Riset Khusus Vektora tahun 2015 dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui variasi dan karakteristik lingkungan spesies tersangka vektor filariasis di Kabupaten Sarmi Provinsi Papua. Data penangkapan nyamuk, jenis habitat, dan lingkungan setiap ekosistem dianalisis. Spesies tersangka vektor filariasis di Kabupaten Sarmi Provinsi Papua yang diperoleh terdiri dari empat genus dengan sembilan spesies vektor/tersangka vektor filariasis yaitu Anopheles farauti, An. koliensis, An. pediateniatus, An. punctulatus, An. tesselatus, An. subalbatus, Culex quinquefasciatus, Mansonia dives, dan Ma. papuensis. Ditemukan empat tipe habitat spesifik di lokasi pengumpulan data nyamuk yakni hutan primer, hutan sekunder, semak, dan habitat rumput/sawah/kebun coklat. Anopheles farauti merupakan spesies yang ditemukan melimpah pada semua habitat spesifik. Berdasarkan ekosistem, Cx. quinquefasciatus mendominasi ekosistem di daerah urban yaitu non hutan dekat pemukiman, hutan dekat pemukiman, dan pantai dekat pemukiman, sedangkan An. farauti ditemukan di lima ekosistem yakni hutan dekat pemukiman, hutan jauh pemukiman, non hutan jauh pemukiman, pantai jauh pemukiman, dan pantai dekat pemukiman.

Distribusi dan Karakteristik Tempat Perkembangbiakan Aedes aegypti serta Perilaku Masyarakat di Daerah Endemis Demam Berdarah Dengue di Salatiga Riyani Setiyaningsih; Aryani Pujiyanti; M Choirul Hidajat; Lasmiati lasmiati
ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-borne Disease Studies Vol 10 No 2 (2018): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 10 Nomor 2 2018
Publisher : Loka Litbang Kesehatan Pangandaran

Human behavior in form of less awareness about the environment will cause the increase of mosquito breeding places and lead to increase the dengue vector’s population rising. This research’s purpose was to describe distribution and characteristics of the dengue vector’s breeding place and people behavior in dengue endemic areas in Salatiga. The data collection was done by monitoring larvae and pupa on water container and interviewing community about related behavior. Results showed that larvae tend to be found in water storage containers, household appliances and open unused goods which was located inside the house. Based on the analysis, there is no significant difference between the indoor and outdoor container, the container is closed or open, and sprinkled with temephos or not. Significant differences were found in different types of containers, containers with fish and drained in the last one week. People in DHF endemic area tend to conduct 3M (Menguras/drain and Menutup/close the lid of Water Reservoirs and Mengubur/bury unused container that have potential as breeding places) and do not use fish nor larvacide for dengue vector control. Based on the result of the research, it is necessary to evaluate the community behavior in closing container and also evaluate the resistance of DHF vector mosquito to temephos.

Activity of Ocimum sanctum Leaf Extract against Aedes aegypti Larvae: Midgut Histopathological Alteration Nurhadi Eko Firmansyah; Agus Aulung; Heri Wibowo; Rizal Subahar
ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-borne Disease Studies Vol 11 No 1 (2019): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 11 Nomor 1 2019
Publisher : Loka Litbang Kesehatan Pangandaran

Plant extracts can be used as biolarvacide to kill Aedes aegypti larvae, one of which is Ocimum sanctum leaf extract. The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of O. sanctum leaf methanol extract on Ae. aegypti larvae and histopathological alteration of midgut. The study used an experimental design. O. sanctum leaf extract was made by evaporation methods at 0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1% concentration. The experiment was repeated four times for each concentration. Observation of larvae mortality was done after 24 hours of treatment. The results of histopathological observation showed that there was the alteration in epithelial midgut Ae. aegypti larvae. The LC50 value of O. sanctum was 0.66%, while the LC90 value obtained was 1.38%. The results showed that the mortality of Ae. aegypti larvae up to 90% required more than 1% of extract concentration.

Studi Toksisitas: Ekstrak Metanol Bonggol Pisang Ambon (Musa acuminata L. cv. Gros Michel) terhadap Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culcidae) Siskha Noor komala; Bambang Heru Budianto; Edi Basuki
ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-borne Disease Studies Vol 10 No 2 (2018): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 10 Nomor 2 2018
Publisher : Loka Litbang Kesehatan Pangandaran

Aedes aegypti mosquito is the main vector of dengue virus causing dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) in Indonesia. The main preventive action is to control the presence of Ae. aegypti mosquito. Banana plants are known to contain secondary metabolite compounds acting as a natural insecticide, including the hump part. This research was conducted to evaluate to toxicity of hump of Ambon banana extract (Musa acuminata L. cv. Gros Michel) to dengue vector Ae. aegypti mosquito. The research used experimental method, the treatment concentration was 0.001; 0.01; 0.1; 1; 10; 100 and 1000 ppm of Ambon banana methanol extract and 0 ppm concentration as a control, each with three replications. The variables observed were individual deaths at every stage of development and morphological damage. The data obtained were analyzed using the analysis of variety and Duncan test with 95% confidence level. In addition, probit analysis was used to determine the value of LC50. The results showed that the study of toxicity indicates that in the further stage of development, the toxicity of methanol extract from Ambon banana hump was less toxic. Toxicity of Ambon banana hump methanol extract was highest in egg with LC50 value of 314,852 ppm. The methanol extract of banana Ambon has the morphological destructive activity in all development stages of Ae. aegypti.

Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Praktik Keamanan dalam Penggunaan Insektisida Rumah Tangga di Kecamatan Pangandaran Nurul Hidayati Kusumastuti; Pandji Wibawa Dhewantara; Nova Pramestuti
ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-borne Disease Studies Vol 12 No 1 (2020): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 12 Nomor 1 2020
Publisher : Loka Litbang Kesehatan Pangandaran

Abstract. The unsafe and improper use of household insecticides represents a major hazard to the environment and human health. Most of people in Pangandaran Sub-District used household insecticides, even more than ten years. The aim of this study was to analyse factors that affect in safety practices of using household insecticide. The research was conducted from April to July 2014 in Pangandaran sub-district. A total of 374 household participated in this study through interviews. Data collected includes characteristics of respondents, educational status, knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding safe insecticide usage. Chi-square test (χ2) was used to measure the possible association between variables and continued with logistic regression. The majority of respondents were lack of safety practices of using household insecticide (60%). The levels of education (p=0.00) and knowledge (p=0.03) was associated with safe practices in insecticide use. However, according to logistic regression that education level had more influence towards safe insecticide use. Therefore, it is necessary to increase community knowledge through field demonstrations by health workers about the use of household insecticides safely and properly. Keywords: household insecticide, practice, safety, Pangandaran Abstrak. Penggunaan insektisida rumah tangga yang tidak aman dan tidak tepat dapat membahayakan lingkungan dan kesehatan manusia. Sebagian besar masyarakat di Kecamatan Pangandaran menggunakan insektisida rumah tangga, bahkan lebih dari sepuluh tahun. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi praktik menjaga keamanan dalam penggunaan insektisida rumah tangga. Penelitian ini dilakukan dari bulan April hingga Juli 2014 di Kecamatan Pangandaran. Sebanyak 374 rumah tangga berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini melalui wawancara. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi karakteristik responden, status pendidikan, pengetahuan, sikap dan praktik mengenai penggunaan insektisida yang aman. Uji Chi-square (χ2) digunakan untuk menganalisis hubungan antar variabel dan dilanjutkan dengan regresi logistik. Mayoritas responden mempunyai praktik yang kurang aman dalam menggunakan insektisida rumah tangga (60%). Tingkat pendidikan (p = 0,00) dan pengetahuan (p = 0,03) berhubungan dengan praktik menjaga keamanan ketika menggunakan insektisida rumah tangga. Namun, hasil dari regresi logistik menunjukkan tingkat pendidikan lebih berpengaruh terhadap penggunaan insektisida yang aman. Oleh karena itu, perlu untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat melalui demonstrasi lapangan oleh petugas kesehatan tentang penggunaan insektisida rumah tangga secara aman dan tepat. Kata Kunci: insektisida rumah tangga, praktik, aman, Pangandaran

Survei Entomologi, Kerentanan Aedes aegypti terhadap Insektisida Organofosfat, dan Identifikasi Gen VGSC di Dusun Malangrejo, Sleman, Yogyakarta novyan lusiyana; Siti Fitiah; Andrias Atmaja Putri; Muthia Tsabita Rahmi; Dian Maknalia Ilham
ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-borne Disease Studies Vol 11 No 1 (2019): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 11 Nomor 1 2019
Publisher : Loka Litbang Kesehatan Pangandaran

Upaya pencegahan dan pengendalian penyakit demam berdarah masih bergantung pada penggunaan insektisida untuk mengendalikan nyamuk vektor. Di Indonesia, penggunaan insektisida golongan organofosfat (temefos dan malation), dan piretroid merupakan kunci penting dalam pengendalian penyakit dengue. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan status entomologi, kerentanan Ae. aegypti terhadap insektisida organofosfat dan identifikasi gen VGSC di Dusun Malangrejo, Yogyakarta. Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional dengan desain cross sectional. Prosedur survei entomologi menggunakan teknik single larvae, uji hayati kerentanan Ae. aegypti terhadap insektisida organofosfat menggunakan teknik WHO (temefos), CDC (malation), biokimia, dan deteksi gen VGSC menggunakan metode PCR. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bak mandi merupakan tempat perkembangbiakan potensial untuk Ae. aegypti. Status kerentanan Ae. aegypti terhadap temefos masih toleran (95,4%), sedangkan malation menunjukkan resisten (13,75%). Uji hayati dan uji biokimia menunjukkan potensi resistensi terhadap insektisida yang berkaitan dengan peningkatan aktivitas enzim esterase non spesifik. Deteksi gen VGSC menunjukkan hasil positif pada kedua gen yaitu (V1016G; S989P) dan F1534C. Untuk selanjutnya, penilaian status resistensi secara rutin dapat membantu pemerintah daerah untuk menetapkan kebijakan pengelolaan pengendalian vektor seperti dengan melakukan rotasi penggunaan insektisida guna mencegah perkembangan resistensi pada nyamuk Ae. aegypti.

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Editorial Address Jl. Pangandaran KM. 3 Kp. Kamurang, Ds. Babakan, Kec. Pangandaran, Pangandaran, Jawa Barat, Indonesia Telp/Fax : (0265) 639375

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supriyono

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supriyono84@apps.ipb.ac.id

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+62265-639375

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Jl. Pangandaran KM. 3 Kp. Kamurang, Ds. Babakan, Kec. Pangandaran, Pangandaran, Jawa Barat, Indonesia Telp/Fax : (0265) 639375

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Kota adm. jakarta pusat,

Dki jakarta

INDONESIA