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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,170 Documents
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Iron fortification milk supplementation in reducing the incidence of low birth weight. Tonny Sadjimin, Tonny Sadjimin
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 29, No 04 (1997)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

The objective of the study was to examine the effectiveness of iron-fortification milk as a supplementation feeding for pregnant women in preventing the incidence of low birth weight. The design of the study was randomized controlled double-masked community trial. The setting were Maternity clinics at the health centers, private clinics, and hospital located in Yogyakarta Municipality, Indonesia. The patients were 138 pregnant women aged 20-30 years, parity of 2 or less, 24-26 gestation weeks, no adverse obstetric history or systemic diseases, signed informed consent. A well-trained field worker at least 24 hours after delivery measured the average weight and length of newborn. The low birth weight was considered to babies who have a birth weight of 2500 g. or less. A logistic regression was used to measure the effect of the intervention to the incidence of low birth weight controlled for several potential confounding variables. The demographic characteristics and laboratory indexes of mothers at the entry were equally distributed between both comparison groups. All 138 mothers were identified during the delivery, but some mothers were refused to have blood drawn at the time of delivery. The incidence of LBW in the study group was 1.4 % and in the control group it was 11.6%, the relative risk of 0.12 (95% CI 0.01 - 0.97). After controlling for potential confounding variable the relative risk become 0.32 (95% CI 0.11 - 0.98).Lactamil, the iron-fortification milks as the supplementation. protein-energy-micronutrient and vitamins to pregnant women are significantly prevent the incidence of low birth weight.Key words: iron - low birth weight - pregnant mother - fortification milk - birth length
The effect of rifampicin administration on the pharmacokinetic profile of glipizid in normal subjects Luciana Kuswibawati, Luciana Kuswibawati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 34, No 01 (2002)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: The use of antituberculosis drugs among diabetic patients is not infrequent. Among these, glipizide is one of the widely used antidiabetic drugs. The use of this second generation sulfonylurea in combination with rifampicin is common.Rifampicin is known as enzyme inductor that can influence other drugs metabolism used in combination.Objective: To investigate the effect of rifampicin pretreatment on the pharmacokinetic parameters of glipizide among 12 Indonesian healthy volunteers.Methods: Using randomized crossover design, volunteers were divided into two groups, i.e control and rifampicin pretreatment groups. Before starting the experiment, the pretreatment group was given 450 mg of rifampicin orally which should be taken daily for 7 days. Subsequently, a single dose of 5 mg glipizide was ingested to control and the pretreatment group as well. After oral administration of single dose of 5 mg glipizide, the samples were collected serially at 0; 0.5; 0.75; 1; 1.5; 2; 2.5; 3; 4; 5; 7; 9 and 12 hours to analyze blood glipizide level. High Pert ormace Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method was used to analyze glipizide pharmacokinetic profile. From the data obtained, the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using noncompartment model.Results: The results showed that there were no significant change in the value of Tmax, Cmax, Ka, significant increases clearence (CI) 101.8% and elimination rate constant (Kel) 116.7% of the rifampicin pretreatment group. The elimination half life (T1/2) were shortened 39.5% from 3.8 to 2.3 hours  (p<0.01). AUCO-12 dan AUCO--- of the rifampicin pretreatment group decreased by 38.7% and 44.0% respec-tively (p<0.05).Conclusion: Pretreatment with rifampicin 450 mg once daily for 7 days did not change absorption pharmacokinetic parameters of glipizid single dose of 5 mg but accelerated the elimination pharmacokinetic parameters of glipizide. Keywords: rifampicin-glipizide-drug interaction-pharmacokinetic-DM
Mansonia bonneae (diptera: culicidae) sebagai vektor utama filariasis yang disebabkan oleh Brugia malayi nonperiodik di daerah penduduk asli Dayak di Kalimantan Timur Fransiskus Asisi Sudjadi, Fransiskus Asisi Sudjadi
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 04 (1999)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: Nonperiodic form of B. ma/ayi was recently reported from East Kalimantan by Sudjadi as a new sub-species of filarial worm. The parasite was highly prevalent among Dayak people living from shifting cultivation of paddy rice in deep forest. Wild mosquitoes exist in the highly endemic area of Krayan, Long Ikis district, Pasir regency.Objective: To show current transmission of filariasis and its main vector species in the area of indigenous inhabitants of Dayak.Method: Wild mosquitoes were collected using human bait by standard method at night and day time in different places in the Krayan area. Wild mosquitoes landing and feeding on him were collected, than killed in local laboratory, identified and dissected to find filarial larvae.Results: Seven genera or 21 species (amount of 22.942) of mosquitoes were collected from Krayan for dissection, and they were markly predominated by Mansonia (21.960 or 95.5%) mosquitoes. Transmission of filariasis was detected currently occured in the area with the main vector of Ma. bonneae. This mosquito species was not only discovered harbouring infective larvae of the disease, but was also found as markly predominant species among Mansonia collected, particulary in locations within the environment of thick forest.Conclusion: Current transmission of filariasis with Ma. bonneae, as the main vector recorded in the highly endemic area of indigenous Dayak people in Krayan, supports the nonperiodic form of B. malayi in East Kalimantan to be zoonotic, sylvanic and phyletically they are more primitive than the other B. malayi type.Key words: filariasis - nonperiodic form of B. malayi - transmission - main vector - Ma. bonneae
Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis for infantile chronic renal failure (A case report). Pungky AK, Pungky AK
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 33, No 04 (2001)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

A two month old male infant with lethargy, vomiting, and loss of body weight was referred to Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan. He had increased levels of BUN and serum creatinine, and severe metabolic acidosis. Ultrasonography exhibited hypoplasia kidney. Treatment with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), recombinant human erythropoietin, and recombinant human growth hormone was started immediately on the admission day. All of his symptoms were disappeared and he grew up well. He was discharged 3 months after admission and he had been treated with the above therapy in Out Patient Clinic. CAPD on CRF patient is the most essential management. CAPD system should be introduced to save infants and children with chronic renal failure in Indonesia.Keywords : chronic renal failure - peritoneal dialysis — infant - hypoplasia kidney - recombinant growth hormone
The result of combined cataract surgery with intra ocular lens implantation in advance primary glaucoma - A case report Suhardjo, Suhardjo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 01 (1999)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: The combined cataract surgery was a procedure by the creation of a new channel for aqueous outflow between the anterior chamber and sub-Tenons space and followed by extracapsular cataract extraction and posterior chamber intra ocular lens implantation. This procedure is relatively new, that the result need to be reported.Objectives: To report the result of combined cataract surgery with intra ocular implantation in advanced primary glaucoma.Methods: A 68-year-old man suffering from senilis cataract and advances glaucoma had combined surgery on the right eye. The combined surgery was effective to control intra ocular pressure, so the glaucaomatous defect was not worsening and visual acuity would be good. The target 10P was reduction of 20-30% 10P or closer to 15 mmHg.Results: The mean post operative intra ocular pressure was normal, but still needed antiglaucoma drugs. Visual acuity was 6/30 cc S + 1.50 cc S +1.50 / C-1.25 with axis 90 to 6/7.5 three months post operative and decreased to 6/15 with the same glasses three years later. With addition of S +3.00 the patient could read a newspaper, however the visual field was slightly worsened.Conclusions: Extra capsular cataract extraction and posterior chamber lens implantation combined with trabeculectomy can improve visual acuity and decrease intra ocular pressure.Key words : advanced glaucoma - combined surgery - target pressure - visual acuity - visual field - anti glaucoma drug.
A critical evaluation of peripheral blood smear in the diagnosis of thalassemia syndrome Sunarto, Sunarto
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 30, No 01 (1998)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

The severe affected thalassemla syndrome Is common In Southeast Asian countries. Considering that the feature of its peripheral blood smear Is typical, this study was aimed at investigating the diagnostic value of the blood smear in thalassemia syndrome. Sixty five patients with severe anemia and splenomegaly who were admitted or came for follow up to Sardjito General Hospital in the period of 1996 and 1997 had been enrolled In this study. The peripheral blood smear was assessed, whether thalassemla or nonthalassemia, by two laboratory technicians, each of them read blindly each smear at two occasions with at least two weeks interval. The gold standard for diagnosis of thalassemla major was the evidence of increased HbA2 (>3,5% of total Hb) In both parents and for thalassemla-hemoglobin E disease was the increased HbA2 in one of the parents and the presence of HbE in the other. The measurements of HbA2 and HbE were carried out by quantification of HbA2 fraction following hemoglobin electrophoresis on cellulose acetate membrane (CAM) electrophoresis. The results of blood smear reading showed good intrarater agreement with kappa = 0.691 by the first rater and 0.634 by the second rater). The interrater agreement was high moderate to good (kappa = 0.567 - 0.728). The first reading by the first rater, the second reading by the first rater, the first reading by the second rater, and the second reading by the second rater showed sensitivities of 0.780, 0.780, 0.878, and 0.805 respectively; specificities of 0.708, 0.958, 0.542 and 0.792 respectively; positive predictive values of 0.820, 0.969, 0.766, and 0.868 respectively; and negative predictive values of 0.650, 0.719, 0.722, and 0.704 respectively. The peripheral blood smear has high sensitivity and specificity for diagnostic test of thalassemia syndrome.Key words: thalassemia syndrome - blood smear - hemoglobin electrophoresis - sensitivity and specificity -predictive value
Behavior of the B. malayi microfilariae in the peripheral blood of human carrier in the intergradation area of Mahakam Delta East Kalimantan. FA Sudjadi, FA Sudjadi
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 34, No 02 (2002)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: Nonperiodic form of B. malayi of human parasite was recently identified in East Kalimantan by Sudjadi as different subspecies in addition to the previously known periodic and subperiodic form of infraspecific variation.Objectives: To detect any changes in microfilarial periodicity in the intergradation area of Mahakam delta with the subperiodic type from South Sulawesi, genealogically related to local population. Methods: Periodicity examinations were carried out on the microfilarial carriers discovered in the B. malayi endemic area of Mahakam delta. Blood examinations (60 mm3 blood) was carried out every 2 hours, in 24 hour cycles. Result analysis was performed using Aikat and Das statistical formula. Results: Six microfilaria carriers of B. malayi were examined for periodicity study. Cases of the nonharmonic or noncircadian form were predominantly (in 5 cases) recorded and only in one case the microfilariae were showed a harmonic or circadian wave pattern,, but with a peak hour at day time, ie 15.5400". Conclusion: No change of the microfilarial periodicity was recorded in the intergradation zone of Mahakam delta. The B. malayi filarial worm was still showing a nonperiodic wave pattern as different subspecies apart from the subperiodic and periodic form of filarial worm.Key words: B. malayi - microfilarial periodicity - intergradation area - non periodic form - subperiodic form
Perinatal mortality in breech deliveries at Dr. Said%ito General Hospital, Yogyakarta Sulchan Sofoewan, Sulchan Sofoewan
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 29, No 01 (1997)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Breech delivery is still of importance to discuss, because perinatal morbidity and mortility are higher than those vertex deliveries. A retrospective study was carried out on 141 cases of breech deliveries in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital during 1989 - 1990. The highest perinatal mortality was due to low birth weight: 17 cases (12%) compared to all cases (4.2%). No perinatal mortality of multiparity cases was found compared with cases of nulliparity i.e. 13 cases (17.0%). The type of breech presentation were frank breech: 85 cases (60.3%); incomplete: 21 cases (14.9%) and complete: 35 cases (24.8%). The highest perinatal mortality was frank breech presentation: 15 cases (17.6%). According to the termination of delivery, breech extraction has the highest perinatal mortality (23.%).Key Words: breech presentation - parity - perinatal - morbidity - mortality
Postmortem hemoglobin concentration changing in Sprague-Dawley white mouse Beta Ahlam Gizela, Beta Ahlam Gizela
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 33, No 04 (2001)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: Postmortem changes in a death body have a lot of purposes, one of them is predicting the time of death. The common method used to predict the time of death is by detecting hypostasis, rigidity, decreasing temperature, and decomposition.Objectives: To find out postmortem hemoglobin concentration changing pattern.Methods: This research is a preliminary study. We used Quasi Experimental Design. The subjects were 31 white male mice aged of two months old. The mouse blood was taken in a periodic time: antemortem, 0, 1, 2, and 3 hours postmortem, and hemoglobin concentration was examined using Sahli method.Results: Data taken from this research were analyzed by regression analysis and t-test. The result showed that postmortem hemoglobin against time pattern was a curve. The hemoglobin concentration is significantly decreased in the first hour (p<0.05), and then increased 2 hours later (p>0.05). There was no significant difference between antemortem and 0 hour postmortem (p>0.05). There was a significant difference between antemortem and 1, 2, and 3 hours postmortem (p<0.05).Conclusion: Postmortem hemoglobin concentration changing pattern is a curve, not linear. The hemoglo-bin concentration decreased in the first hour since death (statistically significant), then, increased in the second and third hour postmortem (statistically not significant). There is a significant difference between antemortem and 1, 2, and 3 hours postmortem.Keywords: Hemoglobin concentration -postmortem changes - time of death -blood
Spesifisitas antibodi monokional anti protein ekskretori-sekretori Brugia malayi terhadap protein nematoda lain Soeyoko, Soeyoko
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 02 (1999)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: Previous studies using hybridoma technique had produced monoclonal antibodies against excretory-secretory (ES) protein of B. malayi i.e. Fesi, Fes3, Fes7, Fesl3 and Fesi5. Those monoclonal antibodies will be used to diagnose malayan filariasis in the endemic areas.Objectives: To reveal binding specificities of those monoclonal antibodies to ES protein of B. malayi, heterologous protein i.e. Ascaris lumbricoides, Necator americanus and homologous protein i.e. Brugia pahangi.Methods: Binding specificities of those monoclonal antibodies to other nematodes protein were assessed by ELISA and inhibition ELISA techniques.Result: Those monoclonal antibodies showed different binding specificities profiles. Fesi, Fesi3 and Fes. revealed specific reaction to ES protein of B. malayi but they did not react to heterologous and homologous protein. Fes3 and Fes7 did not reveal binding specificities to heterologous protein but they had low cross-reactivity to homologous protein. Cross-reactivity values of Fes3 and Fes7 were 33.3% and 22% respectively. Conclusion: Monoclonal antibodies against ES protein of B. malayi i.e. Fesi, Fesi3 and Fesl5 revealed specific reaction to ES protein of B. malayi, but Fes3 and Fes7 had low cross-reactivity to protein of B. pahangi.Key words: binding specificity - monoclonal antibody - ES protein - heterolog protein - homolog protein - ELISA.

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