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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,170 Documents
 27   28   29   30   31 
The effect of 0.03% flurbiprofen and 0.1% indomethacin eye drops and oral indomethacin on the pupil diameter in the extracapsular cataract surgery
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 04 (1999)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: Intraocular surgery releases prostaglandin. Prostaglandin caused miosis and inflammatory reaction. Flurbiprofen and Indomethacin are antiprostaglandin agents.Objectives: This study was aimed to compare the effects of flurbiprofen and indomethacin eye drop and flurbiprofen tablet orally in preventing surgically induced miosis to dilated pupils during extracapsular cataract surgery.Methods: Measurement of the diameter of dilated pupil before and during extracapsular cataract surgery. Analysis variance and Tukey Studentized Rest Test were used to analyse the result.Results: No statitical significant difference was found in pupil diameter among the three groups except the stage of capsulotomy and inspiration-aspiration among those who received flurbiprofen and indomethacin eye drops.Conclusion: Flurbiprofen 0.03% eye drop was significantly stronger than Indomethacine eye drop 0.1% in preventing surgically induced miosis at extracapsular cataract surgery especially in both stage of capsulotomy and inspiration-aspiration and type manipulation.Keywords: cataract surgery - anterior capsulotomy - lens extraction - insiparition-aspiration - miosis -antiprostaglandin
An increased susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus to tetracyclin during exposure to rifampicin Hera Nirwati, Hera Nirwati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 30, No 03 (1998)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

acterial resistance to antibiotics has been an important problem worldwide. Discoveries and clinical use of new antibiotics have always been followed by emergence of strains of bacterial resistant to the antibiotics in question within relatively short period of time. Various efforts have been attempted to overcome the problem, one of which being the use of two or more different antibiotics in combination. In this study the effect of rifampicin on alternation of susceptibility of S. aureus to tetracycline was evaluated. Sixty seven isolates of tetracycline resistant S. aureus determined by standard disk diffusion method of Kirby-Bauer were collected during the period from August 1997 to January 1998. Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC = KHM) values of rifampicin for this isolates were determined by broth dilution method. MIC of tetracycline for each isolate was determined while the bacteria were exposed to rifampicin at sub MIC. At the same time determination of the MIC was also performed without exposing the bacteria to rifampicin and this procedure served as control. Results showed that 91% (61 of 67) rifampicin - exposed isolates have increase susceptibility to tetracycline as reflected by the decrease of MIC values. It is concluded that there is synergistic effects of tetracycline and rifampicin on S. aureus. The number of isolate with increased susceptibility to tetracycline during exposure to rifampicin was statistically significant (p < 0.05).Key Words : rifampicin - Staphylococcus aureus - susceptibility - tetracycline
Effect of erytropoietin therapy on left ventricle mass and end stage small disease underwent hemodyalisis
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 29, No 04 (1997)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death in patients maintained on hemodialysis (HD) of end stage renal disease (ESRD). This study was aimed at evaluating the regression of left ventricular mass (LV mass) and blood pressure among ESRD patients underwent HD. A randomized double-blind placebo controlled clinical trial had been done on 32 patients who underwent HD with acetate. Left ventricular mass was examined with Echocardiography interdialitic time. Fifteen patients (11 males and 4 females) with r-HuEpo therapy (group I) and 16 patients (9 males and 7 females) with placebo (group II) were recruited in the study. The mean age group I was 52.27 ± 14.69 years and Group II: 46.25 ± 9.01 years (95% CI:-2.82 - 14.86; p = 0.117. There was no significant difference in hemoglobin concentration (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), systolic and diastolic blood pressure; LVM at baseline between two groups. After 5 weeks of therapy with r-HuEpo 2000 Unit 2 times/week, the change of mean in hemoglobin concentration in Group I increased: 8.05 ± 1.62 mg/dl to 8.39 ± 2.160 mg/dl and in Group II decreased 7.38 ± 1.2 to 7.13 ± 1.75 mg/dl (p = 0.083,NS), Hct: group I increased 22.54 ± 7.83% to 25.71 ± 6.66%; group II decreased 23.99 ± 4.69 to 21.51 ± 5.29 (p = 0.061,NS) where as systolic blood pressure in Group I increased from 134.615 ± 21.454 mmHg to 140.67 ± 27.12 mmHg, group II increased 144.37 ± 18.24 mmHg to 146,88 ± 26,01 mmHg (p = 0.520, NS); diastolic blood pressure in Group I decreased from 83.076 ± 11.821 mmHg to 79.67 ± 13.43 mmHg, group II 91.25 ± 10.87 mmHg to 90.63 ± 15.69 mmHg (p = 0.046, SI; and the LV mass in Group I reduced from 359.15 ± 107.49 g to 316.32 ± 67.43 g, group II 345.21 ± 89.27 to 340.65 ± 97.84 g (p = 0.434, NS) respectively. In conclusion, after 5 weeks of therapy r-HuEPO tended to reduce left ventricular mass in ESRD patients with maintenance hemodialysis. Left ventricular mass reduction in this patients may be associated with diastolic blood pressure reduction, increase of hemoglobin concentration and increase of hematocrit decrease of end diastolic diameter.Key words: r-HuEPO - left ventricular mass - hemodialysis - echocardiography - end stage renal disease
Factors associated with severe malnutrition among children under five-year old in Yogyakarta during the economic crisis Endy P. Prawirohartono, Endy P. Prawirohartono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 34, No 01 (2002)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: Malnutrition is a problem in under five-year old children. During the economic crisis, the nutritional status of this group has decreased. There are variety of risk factors related to severe malnutrition. Some risk factors are preventable. Recognition of preventable risk factors is important in the management of severely malnourished children in the community.Objective: To determine factors associated with severe malnutrition among under five-year old children in Yogyakarta during the economic crisis.Methods: A case control study conducted in Sleman and Bantul Districts. Thirty four severely malnourished children and 68 controls of well nourished children were enrolled in this study. There were 6 group of variables consisted of 21 factors analyzed in this study. A logistic regression analysis was done to calculate OR and 95%Cl.Results: Univariate analysis showed that low educated mother, mother who works outside home, bad water disposal, non-breastfed children, and tuberculosis were associated with severe malnutrition where their OR and 95%Cl were 2.96 (1.26 - 6.94), 2.79 (1.15 - 6.77), 12.33 (3.44 - 44.24), 4.13 (1.70 -10.02) and 9.03 (2.29 - 35.62) respectively. Using multivariate analysis only non-breastfed children, tuberculosis and bad water disposal related to severe malnutrition with OR and 95%Cl 7.01 (1.35 -36.48), 11.52 (1.43 - 92.64) and 32.64 (5.44 - 195.90) respectively.Conclusions: Breastfeeding plays important role to support nutrients and other benefits to nutritional status of the children during the economic crisis. Tuberculosis is still a main factor related to severe malnutrition compared to acute diseases.Keywords: malnutrition - under five - risk factors - breastfeeding - tuberculosis
Mucosal Immunity: Role of Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (GALT) in IgA Response Marsetyawan HNE Soesatyo, Marsetyawan HNE Soesatyo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 25, No 04 (1993)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Imunitas mukosal ditandai dengan adanya sekresi imunoglobulin (Ig)A pada perrnukaan mukosa dan kelenjar sekretorik, dikenal sebagai secretory (s) IgA. Sistem imun mukosal berbeda dengan dan tidak tergantung pada sistem imun sistemik sebab IgA diproduksi oleh sel plasma lokal, berbentuk polimerik, dan kadar sIgA tidak berkaitan dengan kadar lgA monomerik di dalam sirkulasi darah. Secretory (s)IgA berperan melindungi mukosa tubuh terhadap kuman patogen, toksin bakterial, enzim-enzim, dan sejumlah besar antigen asing termasuk antigen protein dari makanan. Selain menggumpalkan bakteri, menetralisasi virus dan toksin, sIgA mampu menghalangi perlekatan mikroorganisme pada pemukaan sel epitel usus, sehingga invasi kuman ke dalam jaringan bisa dicegah. Proses ini dikenal sebagai immune exclusion. Selain itu sIgA tahan terhadap enzim proteolitik yang dihasilkan bakteri Gram (-).Saluran pencemaan sepanjang usus halus dan usus besar mengandung jaringan limfoid yang tersebar di dalam epitel, lamina propria, atau tersusun sebagai agregat seperti lempeng Peyer (Peyers patch. PP). Jaringan limfoid ini dikenal sebagai gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). GALT, khususnya PP berfungsi sebagai tempat induksi respon IgA, sedangkan lamina propria sebagai tempat efektor respon imun mukosal. Induksi antigen pada PP akan mengaktifkan sel B yang diprogram untuk menghasilkan IgA atas bantuan T helper (TH), interleukin (IL-4, IL-5 dan IL-6) dan follicular dendrilic cells (FDC). Selanjutnya sel B spesifik bersama TH akan berrnigrasi ke limfonodi mesenterial, ductus thoracicus, sirkulasi darah dan beredar ke selumh tubuh. Akhimya sel B mengalami pemasakan menjadi sel plasma IgA yang slap mensekresi IgA ke perrnukaan mukosa, seperti saluran pemafasan bagian atas, saluran genital, dan saluran pencemaan. IgA juga dicurahkan ke dalam kelenjar-kelenjar sekretorik, seperti lalcrimal, ludah dan kelenjar susu. Peristiwa migrasi sel B dan sel T dari GALT dan kembali (homing) ke jaringan mukosa, balk yang letaknya dekat maupun jauh dari tempat induksi, merupakan dasar dari imunitas mukosal. Konsep ini dikenal sebagai sistem imun mukosal umum.Key Words: mucosal immune system - sIgA - Peyers patch - M cells - oral immunization:
The astigmatism after cataract surgery by corneoscleral and scleral incision methods at Dr. Sardjito Hospital. Suhardjo, Suhardjo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 33, No 04 (2001)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: Astigmatism change after cataract surgery is common, but if the astigmatism is too high it can affect the visual acuity. The astigmatism change depends on the incision methods, sclera! rigidity, and age.Objectives: To compare the astigmatism change between corneoscieral and sclera! incision methods after cataract surgery and intraocular lens implantation.Methods: Eighty patients after cataract surgery with IOL implantation were evaluated. Keratometry examination was performed pre operative, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks post operative. All of the patients underwent cataract surgery by fornix base flap conjungtiva, 40 patients were performed corneoscieral incision, and 40 patients were performed sclera! incision. All of them was sutured with ethilon 10.0, consist of 6 stichesResults: The corneoscleral incision induced astigmatisms were 0-8.6 D(dioptri), while the scleral incision was 0-8.50 D. The mean astigmatism of the corneoscieral incision 2 weeks post operative was 3.08 D, 4 weeks was 2.72 D, 8 weeks was 2.13 D, while the astigmatism of the sclera! incision 2 weeks post operative was 3.35 D, 4 weeks was 2.32 D, and 8 weeks post op was 1.75 D. There is no statistical significant difference between the corneoscieral and sclera! incision.Conclusion: The mean astigmatism 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks after operation was decreased in both methods of incisions. Despite no statistical significant difference, the mean astigmatism was lower in scleral incision method.Keywords : astigmatism change - keratometry - cataract surgery - corneoscieral incision - sclera! incision
Jamiat Haryono, Rusdi Lamsudin, Bambang Suryoatmojo - Assessing Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) on patients with altered consciousness. Jamiat Haryono, Jamiat Haryono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 01 (1999)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: Since its introduction in 1974, the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) has gained widespread acceptance around the world as a means of assessing the level of consciousness of patients with head injury. The reports have been widely accepted as evidence that the GCS is reliable when used by physicians and nurses.Objectives: To determine the interobserver agreement on GCS between doctor and nurse on assessing the altered consciousness.Methods: Thirty-seven patients with altered consciousness, who were admitted to the Department of Neurology, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta, were observers by a physician and a nurse. Each patient was assessed separately by the observers. Complete forms were not shown or discussed, but were collected and put in a sealed enveloped. Statistical analysis: The statistics used to measure the levels of agreement was based on the formula developed by Fleiss.Result: The agreement of all items was almost perfect (K range from 0.74 to 0.90; p < 0.0001). Conclusions: The GCS was reliable as an objective tool for assessing altered consciousness.Key words : inter-rater agreement - Glasgow Coma Scale - consciousness
Immature teratoma of the urinary bladder Indriwati, Indriwati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 35, No 3 (2003)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

A three year old female with immature teratoma of the urinary bladder was reported. The cell differentiation theory should be considered as an important alternative theory in the histogenesis of extragonadal immature teratoma. Extragonadal immature teratoma can be differentiated from extrarenal Wilms tumor by a proper histopatological examination particularly in view of the presence of neuroepithelial tissue.Key words : bladder immature teratoma - extrarenal Wilms tumor -cell dedifferentiation theory
Neovascular glaucoma following central retinal vein occlusion - a case report Budihardjo, Budihardjo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 30, No 01 (1998)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Glaucoma is an Important cause of blindness, in particular neovascular glaucoma which is a complex condition and always becomes challenging for the clinician in the past, present and the future. A 54-year-old man suffering from blindness of neovascular glaucoma following central retinal vein occlusion in the right eye with no response to Pan Retinal Photocoagulation (PRP) and open angle glaucoma in the left eye has been reported. Systemic conditions as a predisposing factor were not found, so the local ocular background i.e open angle glaucoma was suspected to be the cause of central retinal vein occlusion. In this case the management must be focused on the left eye to avoid further complication. The right eye was on end stage and no response to PRP and the visual acuity Is no light perception (NLP). Enucleation should be considered as the high intraocular pressure (IOP) and ocular pain persisted.Key words: neovascular glaucoma - central retinal vein occlusion - open angle glaucoma - Pan retinal photocoagulation
Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RaPD) markers readily distinguish crytic mosquito species(diptera:culicidae) Budi Mulyaningsih, Budi Mulyaningsih
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 34, No 02 (2002)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

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