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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,170 Documents
 32   33   34   35   36 
The correlation between the absolute eosinophil count and the degree of asthma attack in children Sumadiono, Sumadiono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 33, No 03 (2001)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: The presence of eosinophil in the blood count during an asthmatic attack has been the focus of study. More airway collapse occured in the eosinophil-positive patients, even the eosinophil-positive patients had a much higher incidence of respiratory failure and mechanical ventilation use than the eosinophil-negative group.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to know the correlation between the eosinophil count and the degree of the asthma attack in children.Methods: The subjects of the study were medical records of the asthmatic children who were hospitalized in Sardjito Hospital from 1995 to 2000. The asthma criteria was according to the international consensus. The asthma attack degree evaluation was according to GINA classification. Exclusion criterias: the patients with parasitic infection and no asthmatic respiratory disturbances patients.Results: There were 169 asthmatic patients hospitalized in Sardjito Hospital from 1995 to 2000. The incidence of the hospitalized asthmatic patients was tend to increase from year to year. The percentage of the asthmatic patients with mild and severe degree attack tend to increase. The mean of the absolute eosinophil count in some degree attack group were 143.4 in mild 221.9 and in severe degree attack group were 350.7.Conclusion: There was no significant difference of the absolute eosinophil count between some, mild and severe degree attack of the asthma patients.Keywords: asthma - children - eosinophil - degree of attack
Calcitriol infra venous therapy in routinely hemodialyzed patients with secondary hyperparatyroidism
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 02 (1999)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: Secondary hyperparathyroidism is common in patients with chronic renal failure. Secondary hyperparathyroidism with vitamin D deficiency may increase renal osteodystrophy.Objective: To determine the blood intact parathormone (iPTH) level in routinely hemodialyzed patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism undertaking calcitriol intravenous therapy once in two weeks. Methods: a double blind randomized clinical trial had been done in 32 chronic renal failure patients from 41 secondary hyperparathyroidism who underwent regular hemodialysis in Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta. All patients received intravenous calcitriol 11.1.g or placebo twice a week after dialysis for 2 weeks. The proportion of the decrease of iPTH level at least 30%; calcium, and phosphate levels in calcitriol (16 patients) and in placebo (16 patients) group were measured.Results: The decrease of iPTH at least 30% in calcitriol group were 12 patients (75%) and in placebo group 6 patients (37.5%) (p> 0.05). In calcitriol group there were 4 patients (25%) with hypercalcemia and 6 patients (37.5%) with hyperphosphatemia, whereas in placebo group 5 patients (31.3%) with hypercalcemia and 5 patients (31.3%) with hyperphosphatemia (p>0.05).Conclusion: Calcitriol intravenous therapy for 2 weeks might decrease iPTH at least 30%.Key words: secondary hyperparathyroidism - chronic renal failure - osteodystrophy - intact parathormone -calcitriol
Death: clinical and forensic anthropological perspectives Etty Indriati, Etty Indriati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 35, No 4 (2003)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

All biological living beings inevitably die, and the ways to die vary although in essence death is a manifestation of the absence of Oxygen in the brain. After death, biological remains undertake proteolysis and decomposition. The aim of this article is to discuss clinical death, cerebral or medicolegal death, social death, phases of cerebral death, and biological process after death—which is important for forensic medicine and forensic anthropology. How long a person die, if the time elapsed is in minutes, hours, days and a week,-it is within the field of medical forensic and pathological forensic. If the time elapsed after death is in weeks, months, or years, it is within the field of forensic anthropology. The time elapsed from biological death to the examination of the death is called postmortem interval. Five case studies on postmortem interval are presented in this article. It can be concluded that knowledge of the biological process of death and the fate of biological remains after death are important for handling abnormal death both in forensic medicine and forensic anthropology.Key words: clinical death, cerebral death, postmortem interval, forensic medicine, forensic anthropology
The diagnostic accuracy of clinical and blood examination for sepsis in potentially infected neonates Ari Mulyani, Ari Mulyani
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 34, No 03 (2002)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: Neonatal sepsis remains a diagnostic challenge due to its nonspesific symptoms. Blood culture examination which is considered to be the gold standard, sometimes it is still a problem because takes time to get the result, expensive and not every health facility is able to perform.Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of clinical symptoms, hematologic findings and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) in neonatal sepsis.Methods: Samples were taken from potentially infected neonates admitted to the Maternal-Perinatal Unit of Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, between December 1st, 2000 to March 31st, 2001 using at least one of the criteria: prematurity (15,000/pL), premature rupture of the membrane (>24 hours), thick and cloudy amniotic fluid. Clinical symptoms, total white blood cell count, total neutrophil count, platelet count, CRP, and blood culture as gold standard were examined.Results: Among 99 neonates who were enrolled in this study, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of clinical symptoms were 79.3%, 75.7%, 57.5%, and 89.9%, respectively; leukopenia/leukocytosis were 27.6%, 85.7%, 44.4%, and 74.1%, neutropenia/neutrophilia were 41.4%, 71.4%, 37.5%, and 74.6%, thrombocytopenia were 79.3%, 51.8%, 40.4%, and 85.7%, positive CRP were 58.6%, 78.6%, 53.1%, and 82.1%. Parallel test (clinical manifestation, thrombocytopenia, and CRP) increasing sensitivity up to 89.7%. Specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and likelihood ratio were 44.3%, 40%, 91.2%, and 1.6, respectively. Serial test (CRP, clinical manifestation, and thrombocytopenia) increasing the spesificity up to 88.6%. Sensitivity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 58.6%, 68%, and 83.8%, respectively, likelihood ratio was 5,1.Conclusion: Clinical sepsis, thrombocytopenia and CRP were sufficiently accurate as diagnostic test for sepsis in potentially infected neonate. Using parallel test increased the sensitivity, where negative finding reveals no sepsis. Serial test increased specificity. There was high probability of having sepsis, if the result was positive.Key words : Neonatal sepsis - clinical symptoms - hematologic findings - C-reactive protein
Hoffa fractures (corona/ fractures) of the femoral condyle. A case report Armis, Armis
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 29, No 02 (1997)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Hoffa Fracture is a fracture at femoral condyle caused by direct injury of the knee at flexion position; there fore the articular surface is broken. Distal fragment of fracture can be displaced or undisplaced. The Hoffa fracture is divided into three types according to prognostic implication. Type I, the intra articular fracture line reaches the supracondyle of the femur and some of the soft tissues still attached to the distal fragment. Type II, intra articular fracture without any attachment of the soft tissue to the distal fragment. and type III where the fracture line slight anteriorly and proximally to the condyle of the femur with some attachment of the soft tissues and ligaments to the distal fragment. A case of young motor cyclist who involved in collision against a bridge is reviewed. He has type I Hoffa fracture Which is equal to grade III B Gustilo classification system. The conservative procedure of open wound management and skeletal traction was adequate. The problem was that, the radiographic interpretation was difficult if the anterior part of the femoral condyle was intact, undisplaced or slightly displaced. Therefore CT-Scan and tomography were indicated. In type I and type III Hoffa fracture, some soft tissue structures remain attached to the distal condyle fragment and that there will be some blood supply to this fragment. However, in type II fracture the soft tissue may completely be unattached especially type II C and it could predispose to avascular necrosis or nonunion.Key Words : Fracture - intraarticular - femoral condyle - avascular necrosis - non-union
The affect of Musa balbisiana Co//a flesh and seed on rat gastric acid secretion in vitro. Eti Nurwening Sholikhah, Eti Nurwening Sholikhah
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 33, No 02 (2001)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: The alcoholic extract of kluthuk banana (Musa balbisiana Colla), a seeded banana, has been known to reduce gastric acid secretion on rats, but there is no explanation which part of kluthuk banana having that effect.Objective: To determine the effect of kluthuk banana both flesh and seed on rats gastric acid secretion in vitro.Methods: This study was conducted using isolated Wistar rat stomach. Fifty-four rats of 175-225 g weight were devided into 9 groups, each consisted of 3 male and 3 female rats. The stomach was suspended in an organ bath containing buffered serosal solution, and the gastric lumen was perfused continuously with unbuffered mucosal solution. The isolated preparation was stabilized for 5 times within 1 h and perfusate was spilled out. The perfusate was allowed to flow continuously, collected for 10 minutes duration and Fl+ concentration was measured, as basal FI4- concentration. Pretreatment was added to the unbuffered mucosal solution for 30 minutes, after which, histamine was added to the unbuffered mucosal solution for 80 minutes to induce gastric secretion. Perfusate from gastric lumen were collected every 10 minutes and FP-concentration was measured. The elevation of H* concentration was calculated in percentage, and was expressed as means ± SEM. ANOVA was used to analysis the data.Results: The elevation of H* concentration of groups treated with alcoholic extract of kluthuk banana seed at 12.46, 24.92 and 49.84 mg/kgBW was significantly lower than control group (p0.05).Conclusion: Alcoholic extract of kluthuk banana seed reduced rat gastric acid secretion in vitro, but did not those of alcoholic extract of kluthuk banana flesh.Keywords: Musa balbisiana Colla - gastric acid secretion - histamine - rat - stomach
The association between diabetic autonomic neuropathy with thiamine deficiency Samekto Wibowo, Samekto Wibowo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 03 (1999)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: Autonomic neuropathy is a kind of diabetes mellitus complication. Parasympathetic neuropathy occurs first, and then it is followed by sympathetic neuropathy. Autonomic nerves are widely distributed in many organs and systems, including cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, urogenital, thermoregulation, and ocular organs. Therefore, the involvement of those organs will produce certain clinical symptoms related to the functions of the internal organs. On the other hand, thiamine status influences the condition of nerve fibers. Thiamine deficiency may produce nerve impairment.Objective: To discover the association between diabetic autonomic neuropathy with thiamine deficiency. Methods: Diabetes mellitus cases of Sardjito Central General Hospital were involved in this study. Schellong test was used to diagnose autonomic neuropathy. Thiamine status was measured in The Nutrition and Food Laboratory of Gadjah Mada University by determining transketolase enzyme activity as done by Ismadi. Results: One hundred and forty subjects were involved in this study. Eleven subjects (7.9%) suffered from autonomic neuropathy. Thiamine deficiency occured in 60% of autonomic neuropathy subjects. Among the subjects without autonomic neuropathy, 55.6% suffered from thiamine deficiency. The difference was not significant (p> 0.05). Odds Ratio 1,2; 95%Cl 0.32-4,46.Conclusions: Thiamine deficiency was more prominent among diabetic autonomic neuropathy subjects. Nevertheless, diabetic autonomic neuropathy had no significant association (p > 0.05) OR 1.2; 95% CI 0.32-4.46) with thiamine deficiency.Key words: diabetes mellitus - thiamine deficiency - autonomic neuropathy - diabetic autonomic neuropathy - postural hypotension
Filariasis caused by nonperiodic form of Brugia ma/ayi among transmigrants in East Kalimantan. FA Sudjadi, FA Sudjadi
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 30, No 02 (1998)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

A new subspecies of sylvanic or human filarial worm, i.e. nonperiodic form of Brugia malayi Lichtenstein, was recently discovered in East Kalimantan, which was highly prevalent among Dayak indigenous people living in the deep forest. This paper reports the filarial infections among transmigrants coming from Java who have been resettled for about 30 years in the UPT (unit of transmigration resettlement) of Petung, Penajam district, Pasir regency. Higher filarial infections were recorded among transmigrants living in hilly parts of the UPT, such as those found in Gunungrejo subvillage, with a micro-filarial rate of 6.3%, clinical rate of 8,1% or filariasis rate of 12,9%, out of 520 people examined. In more swampy areas, such as those found in Kedungrejo subvillage, the parasite Infection rate was much lower, and was recorded only 3,1%, out of 578 people examined. The result of blood or clinical examinations carried out in this research also indicated that male and older Inhabitants or transmigrants who have stayed longer in Kalimantan have a higher risk of Infection.Key words: transmigrants - Brugia malayi - nonperiodic form - sylvanic filaria - mansonia
Sperm motility in chronic bacterial prostatitis Dicky Moch Rizal, Dicky Moch Rizal
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 35, No 2 (2003)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: Male infertility is 40% couples problem in conceiving a child. One of the causes of male infertility that has not studied yet is chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP). CBP can decrease sperm motility that affects potency of sperm in fertilizing the oocyte. Another effect of CBP is leucospermia as the unique phenomenon in male accessory gland infection (MAGI).Objectives: To describe and to obtain the relation between sperm motility in CBP and the other prostate dysfunction that is not included to CBP (non CBP).Methods: This study was analytic descriptive non experimental study. The-subjects were person having suffered from prostate dysfunction, including CBP and non CBP, in Infertility Clinic Permata Hati of DR. Sardjito hospital. Data were taken from expressed prostatic secretion (EPS) analyses and seminal fluid analyses from May 2001 until June 2002 (56 data), Variable that observed from seminal fluid analyses were sperm motility and leucocyte count per milliliter. Determination of the CBP case was based on leucocyte count per high power field (HPF) and the other characteristics (i.e : clumping leucocytes and lipid laden macrophage) of EPS analyses. Data was analyzed by descriptive frequency to show the distribution of sperm motility and leucospermia. Beside to notice the relation between prostate dysfunction and sperm motility, Chi-Square test was used to notice the relation between prostate dysfunction and leucospermia as well.Results: As much as 76.7% patients with CBP had sperm motility disruption in progressive linear and linear movement. Fifty percents patients with prostate dysfunction had sperm motility disruption in progressive linear and linear movement. Mean of sperm motility With progressive linear movement in CBP and prostate dysfunction non CBP were 18.65% and 22.58%. Mean of sperm motility with linear movement in CBP and prostate dysfunction non CBP were 38.79% and 46.83%. From the Chi-Square test we obtained the significant difference between sperm motility with progressive linear and linear movement of the sperm and prostate dysfunction. -Conclusions: Over a half of patients (76.7%) with CBP suffered from decreased sperm motility. CBP affected sperm motility.Key words: male infertility, sperm motility, chronic bacterial prostatitis, semen analysis, expressed prostatic secretion (EPS)
The effect of various traditional Indonesian face powders on the prevention of UVA and UVB skin pigmentation Elly Moedijatmini, Elly Moedijatmini
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 29, No 03 (1997)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Key words: traditional face powders - sunscreen - UVA - UVB - pigmentation.

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