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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,170 Documents
 30   31   32   33   34 
Marine Sponge Jaspis sp, A Potential Bioactive Natural Source against Infectious diseases Puji Astuti, Puji Astuti
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 34, No 03 (2002)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: The high incidence of microbial infection and the emergence of drug resistant and multidrugresistant microbes as well as the lack of any current chemotherapy augmented the necessity to search for new and better antimicrobial drug. Marine invertebrates are known as rich sources of compounds with unique chemical structures and pronounced chemical and biological activities, which suggests potential value as lead structures for the development of new pharmaceuticals.Objective: This study aims to screen potential antiinfective of sponges extracts collected from Barrang Lompo island and report on their antibacterial and antifungal properties.Methods: Testing for anti-infective agents was conducted using dilution method. Nutrient Agar was used as the testing media and nutrient broth for the inoculation of microorganisms. Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coil and Salmonella thypi were used as the testing bacteria and Candida albicans for the testing fungi. Chloramphenicol was used as positive control for antibacterial testing and ketocozaole for antifungal testing.Results: From the 11 acetone extracts tested, BL-02, BL-09, BL-10 and BL-12 was found to inhibit the growth of microorganisms and the extract of BL-10 was found to be the most active. Bioautography results suggest that the polar fractions were responsible for the growth inhibition.Conclusion: the polar fraction of acetone extract of BL-10 was considered to be potential compounds for further characterization as anti infective agents.Key words: screening, sponge, antibacteria, antifungi
The effect of immunization of mice with blood stage parasite against Plasmodium berghei infection Mahardika Agus Wijayanti, Mahardika Agus Wijayanti
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 29, No 02 (1997)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Immunity against malarial infection is a very complex molecular and cellular interaction and represents a combination of both humoral and cell mediated mechanism. However, which mechanism contributes to the protection effect is still not clear. Immunization against Plasmodium berghei infection represents a suitable malarial model to study the host immune responses against malarial infection. The present study was aimed at evaluating the effect of immunization of Swiss mice challenged with P. berghei on the blast transformation, prepatent period, parasitemia and mortality of the host. The result showed that P. berghei infection in .Swiss mice was acute and fatal. All non-immunized mice died following challenge with 1 x 108 parasite on day 8 -10 post infection. Blast transformation of splenic lymphocyte was higher in immunized mice than in non-immunized mice. Immunization with P. berghei and adjuvant in Swiss mice could evoke partial immunity to homolog parasite. Longer prepatent period, reduced parasitemia and decreased mortality were observed in this group. Eighty percent of immunized mice survived from P. berghei infection.Key Words : malarial immunity - immunization - blast transformation - prepatent period - parasitemia -mortality
The effectivity of 2% salicylic acid on inflammatory acne vulgaris. Theresia Niken Wijayanti, Theresia Niken Wijayanti
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 33, No 02 (2001)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: The patients compliance is very important for the successful of acne management. Two percent of salicylic acid lotion can be used for treatment of non comedogenic acne, and as moisturizer. Objective: This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of 2% salicylic acid on inflammatory acne vulgaris patients.Material and Method: A randomized clinical trial was done in two groups of inflammatory acne vulgaris patients or grade I, II, and III papulopustular acne vulgaris according to Plewig Kligmans classification. The first group was treated with doxycycline 50 mg once daily and 2% salicylic lotion, and the other group as a control was treated with doxycycline 50 mg once daily plus vehicle lotion. Evaluation was done by counting the non-inflammatory and inflammatory lesions, measuring skin lightness of the skin using chromameter, and the subjects opinion of their skin conditions about smoothness and moistness of the skin using visual analog scale. In the beginning of this study, there were 78 subjects participated. However, only 62 subject completed this study with 12 weeks. The differences of non-inflammatory lesions, inflammatory lesions, and the subjects opinion of their skin conditions were analyzed using Mann-Whitney Test. The difference of lightness of the skin was analyzed using independent sample t-test. Result: The result of this study showed that there were significant differences (p value< 0.05) in the reduction of non-inflammatory lesions, inflammatory lesions, and the increasing of lightness of the skin between both groups. No significant differences were found (p value>0.05) in the smoothness, and moistness of the skin.Conclusion: The effectivity of 2% salicylic acid on the inflammatory acne patients were the reduction of non-inflammatory and inflammatory lesions, and the increasing of lightness of the skin.Keywords: salicylic acid, acne lesions, smoothness, moistness, lightness
Evaluation of in vitro culture media of adult Brugia malayi with glucose supp/ementetipn Sri Sumarni, Sri Sumarni
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 03 (1999)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: The circulating antigen of filariasis malayi patient is the excretory/secretory (ES) protein. It was used as antigen in monoclonal antibody production. The ES protein can be obtained by in vitro culture of filarial worm Brugia malayi.Objective : The aims of this research was to evaluate in vitro culture media with glucose supplementation of adults B.malayi to obtain the ES protein maximally.Methods: Adult males and females B.malayi were cultivated in vitro in medium with glucose supplementation in different concentrations (1%, 3% and 5%). The culture media were changed daily and analysis of its protein were carried out quantitatively using Bradford method, and gel electrophoresis (SDS PAGE) for qualitative protein analysis. The cuticle of adults B.malayi were extracted by detergent cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB).Results: The effective culture medium was RPMI with 1% glucose supplementation to produce ES protein maximally, and longevity of worms could survive for 6 days. The quantitative protein concentration of female worms culture medium was 0.2-1.85 ug/ml, and the protein molecular weight of female worms cuticle was 26 kDa- 116 kDa. The protein concentration of male culture medium was 0.2-0.5 ug/ml, the molecular weight of adult male cuticle protein was 34 kDa- 56kDa. The peak concentration of protein in both cultivation was observed on the third day.Conclusion: The best medium for in vitro cultivation of adults B.malayi was RPMI with 1% glucose supplementation. The protein concentration of the female culture media was higher than male .Key words: glucose supplementaion - in vitro culture - filarial worms -Brugia malayi - ES protein
The effect of Aloe vela on fibroblast cell growth Sri Herwlyantl, Sri Herwlyantl
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 30, No 02 (1998)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

The study was designed to Investigate the effect of Aloe vera on fibroblast cell growth in vitro. The fibroblast cell culture in a microplate was prepared from twelve day old chicken embryos. Each well was added with 0.3 cc fibroblast suspension. Various concentrations, i.e: 0.010 g/m1; 0.015 g/ml and 0.020 g/ml of Aloe vera were then added into the well, incubated afterwards for 24, 48 and 72 hours at 37° C and were examined under a phase contrast microscope. The results showed that the density and number of fibroblast were Increased, proportionally to the concentration of Aloe vera. The control wells were added with fibroblast only suspension. In the control groups, however, there was only a slight increased and density of cells occured. In conclusion, Aloe vera could stimulate the fibroblast growth.Keywords: Aloe vera - fibroblast - cell culture - chicken embryo - growth factor
Risk factors of childhood constipation Dyah Kurniati, Dyah Kurniati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 34, No 04 (2002)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: Despite it is not considered as a dangerous situation in children older than 2 years old, but attantion is important in young infant. Improper treatment in constipation may contributed to the raise of anxiety, emotionally disorder either for the children or its relatives.Objective: To determine what factors related to constipation in children.Design and Methods: A case control study was conducted for all of children who were admitted to ambulatory polyclinic and inpatient clinic of Sardjito Hospital during January 2001 - December 2001. A questionaire was obtained by the researcher or assistant by direct interview to the parents or guardian. Results: We enrolled 86 children, consisted of 43 children in constipation group and the 43 children as control. There was significant difference (p<0.01) when reported having toilet training disturbance, daily fluid intake, the variety of daily meals (vegetables, fruits) and sweetened foods. Relative risk of having constipation due to toilet training disturbance in constipations group is 0.14 (CI: 0.06 - 0.38).Conclusion: Toilet training disturbance, daily fluid intake, the variability of daily meals and sweetened foods are risk factors of constipation in childhood. Key words: children - constipation - clinical findings - risk factors
Adherence to HEp-2 cells and 0 Serotypes diversity of indigenous enteropathogenic Escherichia coll. Sri Budiarti, Sri Budiarti
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 29, No 03 (1997)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coil (EPEC) is bacteria which causes diarrhea! diseases especially in children. Sixty-nine children with diarrheal disease from Purwodadi Central Java, Depok, Ciamis and Ciawi West Java also Sambas, West Kalimantan have been detected to the presence of EPEC bacteria. The prevalence of EPEC bacteria in each area were 46%, 66%, 68%, 46%, and 50% respectively. All of isolates have been tested for their ability of adherence to HEp-2 cells and 0 serotype. The results showed that 0 86 and 0111 were present in all sampling area but 0142 was only found in Depok and Ciamis Central Java at high percentages. There was no correlation between the ability of adherence to HEp-2 cells and serotype diversity.Key words: diarrhea - children - 0 Serotype - enteropathogenic Escherichia coil - HEp-2 cells.
Fever in children: palpation, the understanding of mother and further • action Purwoko, Purwoko
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 35, No 2 (2003)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: Fever is the most common event lead the mother to bring her children to seek for health service. Assessment of fever by palpation is commonly done to recognize fever in children. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the sensitivity of palpation and understanding of fever in children by mothers.Methods: This study was descriptive analytic design, done to mothers visited outpatient clinic Department of Child Health Dr. Sardjito Hospital from Januari until April 2001. Sample for study determined by systematic random sampling. Data were obtained by interview with the mothers using questionnaires and temperature measurements to children using thermometer. Data were analysed using Chi-square (c2), and logistic regression.Results: Most of (91%) all mothers (511) assessed fever in children by palpation and 23,1% used thermometer. Palpation by mothers had showed that 84.6% of mothers palpated fever rightly and 77.2% of mothers palpated non fever rightly. Most of (95.7%) mothers felt worried when their children got fever, with the reasons afraid of seizure (26.2%), or when they suffered from severe illness (64.0%). Mothers who understood about the definition of fever (> 37.50C) were more worried (OR: 3.80 (95% CI: 1.36-10.61%1} than they didnt. The first practice to manage fever in the family was giving antipyretic (72.0%). Antipyretics administration was based on consideration of antipyretic benefit (OR: 2.31 (95% CI: 1.51-3.54%)), and the availability of antipyretic in household (OR: 2.14 (95% CI: 1.423.23%1}, but wasnt on mothers worrying (OR: .394 (95% CI: .12-1.35)).Conclusions: Palpation assess fever by mothers.The higher the understanding of mothers on fever the sooner they seek for help. Mothers understanding on the benefit of antipyretics and the availability of antipyretics at home make the mothers giving antipyretics sooner.Key words: fever-accuracy of fever-mothers knowledge-mothers attitude-antypyretics administration
Pengaruh Asap Obat Nyamuk Bakar Terhadap Lama Hidup, Kernampu.an Bertelur, Daya Tetas Telur dan Daya Tetas Larva Aedes aegypti Supargiyono, Supargiyono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 20, No 02 (1988)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Mosquito incense coil had been widely use among the households of Indonesian community as an effort to prevent mosquito bites. Nevertheless, its definite influence to the mosquitos biology is still not yet known.This study was conducted to ensure the influence of mosquito incense coil smoke to the longevity, egg production capability, egg hetching capacity and instar emerging capacity of Aedes aegypli mosquito in Yogyakarta.Aedes aegypli mosquitos were collected either from urban or rural area, reared in the laboratory and prepared for laboratory testing. Incense burning was done in a closed-testing room, in six different periods from 5 minutes to 180 minutes. Some biological aspects such as longevity, egg production, egg hetching and instar emerging were observed.It can be concluded that mosquitos incense smoke has either chase out effect or killing effect to Ae. aegypti mosquitos. It is also clear that with the incense burner period of 30 minutes will prolong the longevity, reduce egg production capability, reduce egg hetching capacity and reduce instar emerging capacity. On the incense burning period of 120 minutes, 81.7% of Ae. aegypti tested were killed, and furthermore, in the incense burning period of 180 minutes, all Ae. aegypti tested were killed.Key Words: egg production capability -- egg hetching capacity — instar emerging capacity chase out effect — mosquito incence coil
Diagnostic value of pyroninophilic lymphocyte in dengue haemorrhage fever in children Setya Wandita, Setya Wandita
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 04 (1999)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is still a problem in Indonesia. Early diagnosis is important in the management. The cytoplasm of activated lymphocytes in dengue infection contains ribonucleic acid (RNA). RNA can be specifically shown by pyronin staining.Objective: To know the diagnostic value of lymphocyte pyroninophilic in DHF in children.Methods: Subjects were patients hospitalized in the Pediatric Department of Faculty of Medicine/Pediatric Ward Sardjito General Hospital, from September 1995 to December 1996, with 2-7 days of fever, positive tourniquet test, and 0-14 years of age. Clinical diagnosis of DHF was based on WHO 1986 criteria. Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test and/or antibody antidengue were used to confirm the diagnosis of DHF. Peripheral blood smear was stained with pyronin stain according to Sutaryo modification. Lymphocyte percentage was counted per 100 leukocyte under light microscope.Results: Means of pyroninophilic lymphocyte numbers were increased from day-3 to day-5 of fever and then decreased. There were significant difference between the means in non-dengue infection and in dengue infection from day-3 to day-7 of fever, between dengue fever (DF) and DHF from day-3 to day-6 of fever, and between non shock (DHF-I and DHF-II) and shock cases (DHF-III and DHF-IV) from day-3 to day-9 of fever. The number of pyroninophilic lymphocytes correlated with the degree of DHF. Using cut-off point of 4 at day-5 of fever, the sensitivity was 86,2%, specificity was 84,3%, positiv predictive value was 92,6%, and negative predictive value was 65,1%.Conclusion: Pyroninophilic lymphocyte has a high diagnostic value in DHF in children.Key words: Dengue hemorrhage fever - ribonucleic acid - pyroninophilic lymphocyte - diagnosis

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