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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,170 Documents
 38   39   40   41   42 
The influence of non-selective and selective-COX-2 NSAIDs post-minor surgery for the turning of the bleeding time. Ishandono Dachlan, Ishandono Dachlan
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 33, No 03 (2001)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: NSAIDs remain among the most widely prescribed drugs worldwide, including for surgical cases. Their action are primarily by inhibiting cyclo-oxigenase (COX), the key enzyme catalyzing the biosynthesis of prostaglandins (PGs). There are two similar but distinct isoforms of the enzyme - COX-1 and COX-2. One of the effects of COX-1 inhibition (nonselective NSAIDs) is decreasing thromboxanes, which is one of the important factors in thrombocytes aggregation and blood clotting. The optimal thrombocyte aggregation is required in many surgical cases, especially in microsurgery.Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the influence of non-selective and selective-COX-2 NSAIDs in the turning of the bleeding time.Methods: A prospective study of five days using NSAIDs has been done. The subjects were randomly distributed into two groups, non-selective group and selective COX-2 inhibitor group. The bleeding time was measured prior and after five days using of NSAIDs. The result was analyzed with t-test. Results: The mean of the prior bleeding time was 2.85 minutes (non-selective group) and 2.90 minutes (selective-COX-2 Inhibitor group). After five days using of NSAIDs, the bleeding time was increased from 2.85 to 3.15 minutes (non-selective group) and 2.90 to 2.95 minutes (selective COX-2 Inhibitor group). The mean of the bleeding time difference were 0.3 minutes (non-selective group) and 0.05 minutes (selective COX-2 Inhibitor group). T-test analysis showed that bleeding time was increased significantly from 2,85 minutes up to 3.15 minutes (p=0.005) after five days using non-selective NSAIDs, while there was no significant increase of bleeding time, from 2.90 minutes up to 2.95 minutes (p=0.591) after five days using of selective COX-2 inhibitor NSAIDs.Conclusion: Selective COX-2 inhibitor NSAIDs did not increase the bleeding time, while non-selective NSAIDs increased bleeding time after five days usage.Keyword: NSAIDs - selective - COX2 inhibitor - bleeding time - thromboxanes
Toxicity study of Zingiber officinale volatile oil as antifilariasis in mice and rats Budi Mulyaningsih, Budi Mulyaningsih
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 02 (1999)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: The volatile oil of Zingiber officinale has been reported effective to reduce microfilariae in Fells catus, L. According to the fact, there is chance that the volatile oil can be developed for treatment of filariasis in man. Before that idea can be realized some toxicity studies of Zingiber officinale should have to be done. Objective: This study was designed to know the potency of the acute and chronic toxicity in rodent. Methods: Acute toxicity study was perfomed in mice and rat as experimental animal and subchronic toxicity study was done only in mice. This study was done in standard methods.Results: The LD 50 value (mean ± SD) of Zingiber officinale volatile oil in mice was 8.051 ± 1.254 ml/Kg BW., while in rat the value was 12.99 ± 1.021 ml/Kg BW. Routine hematology analysis showed that no significant difference between the control and the experimental groups.Conclusion: The mechanism responsible in the death of the experimental animal in this toxicity study, seems to be the ability of the volatile oil to produce contraction of the smooth muscle especially in the airway system (trachea).Key words : microfilariae - filariasis - acute toxicity - Fells catus - chronic toxicity.
Visual clinical diagnosis of jaundice on normal birthweight infant in Dr. Sardjito hospital Yogyakarta Satyawati, Satyawati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 34, No 04 (2002)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: Neonatal jaundice is a problem commonly faced by health workers. The visual assessment of jaundice is very subjective and less accurate. Simplified body surface classification is expected to make the assessment easier and more accurate.Objective: To determine diagnostic accuracy of jaundice established visually using a simpler classification.Material and methods: This is an observational cross sectional diagnostic test. The study was performed in Maternal Perinatal Installation Dr. Sardjito Hospital in August 1st - October 31st 2002. Result: The interobserver agreement on jaundice was good (kappa = 0,6) the agreement on jaundice based on body area was good (weighted kappa = 0.75). The median of serum bilirubin level was 1) Face 5.8 mg/dL; 2) Abdomen 10.1 mg/dL; 3) Arms and legs 14 mg/dL; 4) Palms and soles 17.6 mg/dL. Based on 95th percentile serum bilirubin level as cut off point, the sensitivity and specificity was 1) Face 2% (95% CI: 0.1 - 12.2%) and 29% (95% CI :14.9 - 48.2%); 2) Abdomen 5.3 % (95% CI: 0.3 - 28.1%) and 57.4 % (95% CI 44.1 - 69.7%); 3) Arms and legs 33.3 % (95% CI:1,8 - 87.5%) and 70.1% (95% CI: 58.5 - 79.8%) 4) Palms and soles 100 % (95% CI: 5.5 - 100%) and 93.7 % (95%Cl: 85.2 - 97.6%) Conclusion: Simplified visual assessment of the grade of jaundice can not be applied as a diagnostic method for jaundice assessment.Key words: visual assessment - jaundice on normal birthweight - simplified body surface classification.
Confidence interval in the analysis of clinical signicance Sunarto, Sunarto
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 29, No 03 (1997)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

In the clinical study researchers want to answer the most important question whether a new therapy is better than the old one. Many researchers continue to frame the question in terms of null hypothesis and answer the question in terms of P value. The null hypothesis itself is typically not plausible, and even in a study where the null hypothesis was plausible, our concern is typically not only limited to the issue of whether or not the treatment has any effect but we also want to know how much the impact. In the study which the researcher pressed the P value into service as an indicator of effect size, it, lends itself to misinterpretation because it combines information about the magnitude of an effect with information about the precision with which that effect is estimated. By contrast, confidence intervals (Cis) focus ones attention on an estimate of a more meaningful parameter (e.g. the rate difference) and, as a separate matter, on the precision of the estimate. The CI is a range of values that is likely to cover the true but unknown value (the extremely low up to the extremely high value of e.g. rate difference, mean difference, and Odds Ratio) if we measure the value many times on samples using the same method. Cis in a clinical trial where the result is statistically significant we might find that it is of no clinically Importance (in a very large sample). On the other hand, the effect of a treatment might be statistically not significant but In fact it is of clinical importance (in a small sample). Cl Is affected by sample size: the larger the sample size the narrower the interval of Cl. The interval Is also affected by the standard error and hence by standard deviation and the confidence level we claim. The higher the confidence level (90%, 95% or 99%, arbitrarily 95% Cl is commonly used) the wider the confidence interval. In case that the 95% Cl does not include zero value (in mean or proportion difference) or one (in Odds ratio or relative risk) it also reflects statistical significance (p<0.05) with a = 5%. A sample size that is enough in terms of power might not be enough in terms of precision due to the confidence Interval level we choose.Key Words : P value - confidence interval - clinical importance - sample size - statistical significant
Efficacy of corticosteroid in pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis Barmawi Hisyam, Barmawi Hisyam
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 33, No 02 (2001)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Tuberculosis is one of major health problems all over the world. The epidemiologic data shows an increase in its morbidity and mortality. Infection of tuberculosis involves almost every organ of the body, ie. respiratory organ, known as pulmonary tuberculosis and other organs, known as extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recently published programme guidlines for the treatment of tuberculosis. In certain cases, especially extrapulmonary tuberculosis, a combination of anti-tuberculous drugs and corticosteroid is assumed to be useful.Key words : pulmonary tuberculosis - extrapulmonary tuberculosis - anti tuberculous drug - corticosteroid
Glaucoma early finding and prognosis
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 03 (1999)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Glaucoma is a unity of complex eye disorders with abnormal intraocular pressure that is enough to cause increasing cupping-ratio and visual field defect. Blindness due glaucoma is irreversible. The progress of early glaucoma can be prevented by controlling intraocular pressure at normal range using either medicament or alternative treatment i.e. massage onto the eyeball to increase the outflow facility through the trabeculum meshwork. Therefore, early diagnosis is very important and professional examination is essential. A case of an early glaucoma is reported. Treatment with asetazolamide and thymolol maleate eye drop, continued with massage onto the eyeball, had been successfull to decrease and control the intraocular pressure at normal range. Pain was disappearing and visual field defect returned to normal. Futher follow up is needed.Key words: Glaucoma - early diagnosis - controlling intra occular pressure - massage onto eyeball
Correlation of amodiaquine sensitivity to chioroquine and quinine against plasmodium falciparum In Vitro Soesanto Tjokrosonto, Soesanto Tjokrosonto
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 30, No 03 (1998)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Amodiaquine, a 4-aminoquinoline derivative has been introduced since decades ago, and yet the. use remains debatable for its side effects. Chioroquine, the least side effect of antimalarials possessing similarity in pharmacokinetic properties has been less attractive due to the development of resistance worldwide. The return to amodiaquine is debatable. Comparison of the level of sensitivity of 42 isolates to amodiaquine and chloroquine using in-vitro microtesting has been carried out. Amodiaquine was shown to be more sensitive to the isolates as compared to chloroquine. The reasonably high correlation with chloroquine (r=0.62; p<0.05) has referred the alternative treatment of chloroquine resistant falciparum to amodiaquine despite of side effects. The study concluded that amodiaquine remains an alternative drug to chioroquine resistant falciparum malaria in vitro.Key words: falciparum malaria - amodiaquine - chioroquine - quinine - in vitro
Perencanaan program pendidikan community medicine Robert S. Northrup, Robert S. Northrup
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 9, No 01 (1977)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

keywords: program pendidikan, community medicine
Pericarditis With Effusion in Children A. Samik Wahab, A. Samik Wahab
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 6, No 01 (1974)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Two cases of pericarditis with effusion admitted to the Department of Child Health, Gadjah Mada University Hospital were presented. The suspicion was based on the presence of pericardial friction rub for the first case, and the presence of cardiac enlargement and liquid line (on X-ray) for the second case. Pericardiocentesis was performed to confirm the diagnosis and for treatment.An accurate etiological diagnosis could not be made due to lack of laboratory facilities. The treatment was based on clinical and pathological findings
Polusi - bising Anonim, Anonim
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 26, No 01 (1994)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Kata Kunci : Polusi - bising

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