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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,170 Documents
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The pattern of bacterias causes pneumonia on Sardjito General Hospital January 1, 1990 - December 31, 1994 Barmawi Hisyam, Barmawi Hisyam
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 30, No 03 (1998)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Pneumonia has high morbidity and mortality. The clinical classification of Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) and Hospital Acquired Pneumonia (HAP) and the empirical treatment have beneficial means to prevent the severity of the disease. A retrospective study had been conducted, by evaluating the medical record of the patients hospitalised in the Department of Internal Medicine Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, January 1, 1990 -December 31, 1994. There were 221 cases of pneumonia, the major frequency on range 45-64 years old: 84 (38,01%), men/women ratio: 1.5 : 1. The CAP was more than HAP: 200 (90,50%) vs 21 (9,50%). Bacterias causes CAP: Streptococcus alpha 36 (29,75%), Staphylococcus aureus 28 (23,14%) and Klebsiella pneumonia 27 (22,31%). While the bacteria cause of typical HAP: Klebsiella pneumoniae 1 (100%), mixed bacterias causes HAP: Streptococcus alpha 3 (33,33%), Staphylococcus aureus 3 (33,33%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae 2 (22,22%). There were no difference the pattern of bacterias causes CAP or HAP.Key Words : the pattern of bacteria - typical bacteria - mixed bacterias - CAP - HAP
Daytime transmission of filariasis caused by nonperiodic form of Brugia Malaya among Dayak indigenous inhabitants in East Kalimantan. FA Sudjadi, FA Sudjadi
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 29, No 04 (1997)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

In addition to the previously known of subperiodic and periodic form, the nonperiodic form of B. malayi Lichtenstein was recently reported from East Kalimantan as a new filarial different subspecies. The morphology or natural habitat of filarial parasite was recently described. This paper reports daytime transmission of the disease found in highly endemic area of Dayak, indigenous inhabitants of Krayan area, Long Ikis district, Pasir regency, East Kalimantan. To show such transmission, the microfilaria carrier was followed by daily activities at daytime. When the carrier was at work in the forest, the wild mosquitoes landing and feeding on him were collected, then reared in a laboratory until 14 days. The remains alive of mosquitoes were then morphologically identified and dissected. Infective larvae were recovered from 2 dissected mosquito species, Mansonia bonnae and Mansonia uniformis. Out of 131 alive mosquitoes dissected, 15 (consisting of 10 Ma.bonneae or 13,0% and 5 Ma. uniformis or 11,6%) were found infectious, from which 23 recovered and 11 filarial larvae respectively. Totally, 34 infective B.malayi larvae recovered: 24 larvae from the head and another 10 from the thorax.Key words: Brugia malayi - nonperiodic form - daytime transmission - Mansonia bonnae - Mansonia uniformis
Pro-inflammatory cytokine level and neutrophil count in acute ischemic stroke Suroto, Suroto
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 34, No 02 (2002)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: Pro-inflammatory cytokines are cytokines which are often found to be increased in an inflammatory process. In acute ischemic stroke there is an inflammatory response which affects the progress of the stroke.Objectives: The aim of this study was to understand the correlation between pro-inflammatory cytokines and neutrophil count in the peripheral blood of acute ischemic stroke patients.Methods: Peripheral blood was taken from 30 acute ischemic stroke patients age 50-70 years old on the third day of stroke attack. Leukocytes and differential count were examined, also level of TNF alpha, IL-1 and IL-8. Confirmation of ischemic stroke was determined by the head CT scan without contrast media on the fourth day of stroke attack. Thirty subjects without stroke were taken as control, with matching in age, gender and ethnic group.Results: The result showed a significant difference in neutrophil count between stroke group and control group (F 0.001). There was also significant difference among the 3 pro-inflammatory cytokines in 2 groups (F for TNF alpha: 0.007, IL-1: 0.055 and IL-8: 0.002). In bivariate correlation test, there was a significant correlation between IL-8 level and neutrophil count in the blood (p 0.0000).Conclusion: It is concluded that pro-inflammatory cytokines especially IL-8 has a role in recruiting neutrophil as an important component in the inflammatory response in acute ischemic stroke.Keywords: ischemic stroke - pro-inflammatory cytokines - IL-8 - neutrophil - correlation
Imunologi Masa Kini Anonim, Anonim
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 25, No 04 (1993)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Kata Kunci: Imunologi
Prophylactic uterotonic agent to avoid postpartum bleeding on normal vaginal delivery Ibnu Pranoto, Ibnu Pranoto
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 33, No 04 (2001)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Objective: To compare the volume of blood loss after normal vaginal delivery that have been given prophylactic uterotonic agents, 2.5 IU oxytocin, 5 IU oxytocin, 2.5 IU oxytocin plus 0.2 mg ergometrin, and 5 IU oxytocin plus 0.2 mg ergometrin.Methods: A Randomized control trial study was performed, 22 normal vaginal deliveries were given 2.5 IU oxytocin. 5 IU oxytocin was for 26 normal deliveries, 2.5 IU oxytocin plus 0.2 mg ergometrin for 29 deliveries and 5 lU oxytocin plus 0.2 mg ergometrin for 27 deliveries. The agents were administered intramuscularly or intravenously at a time of crowning. One way-anova test was used in this study. Intrapartum mothers with the normal vaginal delivery in Obstetrics and Gyneclogy Department of Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta and Soeradji General Hospital, Klaten, between April 1t and July 28th 1988. Results: There is no significant difference between the second stage blood loss in the deliveries given 2.5 IU and 5 IU oxytocin with or without ergometrin. On the other hand, administration of 2.5 IU oxytocin has been statistically significant to reduce the mean blood loss on the third stage of labor compared to the other regiments. Prophylactic 2.5 IU and 5 IU oxytocin with or without ergometrin did not show any significant difference on the fourth stage of labor. The mean of blood loss after normal vaginal delivery was statisticaly significantly reduced by giving 2.5 IU oxytocin as the prophylactic agent compared to the other treatments in this study.Conclusion: The administering of 2.5 IU oxytocin was more significant in preventing postpartum bleeding in the third stage of labor and the postpartum bleeding. Ergometrin addition to oxytocin was not proved to decrease the blood loss in any stage of labor and portpartum bleeding as well.Keywords : Prophylactic uterotonic agents - oxytocin - ergometrin - normal vaginal delivery - postpartum bleeding.
Full term premature rupture of the membrane (PROM): Active management (AM) vs conservative management (CM) Sulchan Sofoewan, Sulchan Sofoewan
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 02 (1999)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: The management of premature rupture of the membrane (PROM) is one of the most controversial areas in obstetrics. In the case of full term PROM, the obstetrician is often faced with either immediate induction of labor with higher incidence of caesarean section or awaiting spontaneous labor with higher incidence of chorioamnionitis.Objective: To compare pregnancy outcomes between active management (AM) and conservative management (CM) in full term PROM.Methods: The study was carried out in randomized controlled trial at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Gadjah Mada University/Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta. Sixty full term PROM cases admitted to the hospital between July-December 1994 were randomly allocated into AM (n=30) and CM (n=30).Results: Caesarean section rate due to the failure of induction among AM group was significantly higher than those in CM group (p= 0.03). Maternal and perinatal infection were not statistically significant (p>0.50). The total number of newborn babies with asphyxia was higher in AM group but no statistical significant difference was found (p> 0.50).Conclusion: The conservative management of full term PROM was better compared to active management, especially when the outcome is caesarean section rate due to the failure of induction:Key words: PROM - active management - conservative management.
Individuation in decapitation with C7-T1 vertebral scanning Etty Indriati, Etty Indriati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 35, No 3 (2003)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: Mutilation to eliminate the identity of murder victim is often conducted in crimes, for instance by cutting the head from the body. In order to determine whether the head belongs to the same individual with the body, research on the vertebral anatomy of the seventh cervical and first thoracic vertebrae is very important to be conducted.Objective: to observe the morphological congruence between the seventh cervical vertebrae and the first thoracic vertebrae.Material and Method: Thirty skeletons housed at the Laboratory of Anatomy, Embryology and Anthropology Gadjah Mada University Faculty of Medicine, Yogyakarta. The methodology is by scanning the C7 and T1 with three-dimensional scanner Umax Astra 2000, which scanned the bones into two dimensional on scanning paper. The scanned C7 is superimposed to T1, in the same individual and also between individual. Result: High degree of congruence between C7-T1 occurred at lamina, the structure that connects the pedicle and spinous process. This congruence extends into the posterio-inferior lateral border at the interior articular facets. Superimposition of C7-T1 inter-individual showed no accordance on the spinous process, lamina, inter-vertebral foramen, transverse process, and corpus vertebrae. Thus there was no two individuals had the same size and contour of C7-T1.Conclusion: This research is important in determining individuation on decapitation homicide where the body is dispersed from the head. This study also shows the contribution of anatomy in forensic sciences.Key words: decapitation, individuation, congruence, vertebrae, scanning
Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Syndrome: A case report Suhardjo, Suhardjo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 30, No 02 (1998)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

The Vogt-Koyanagl-Harada Syndrome is characterized by bilateral panuveitis and exudative retinal detachments, in association with cutaneous and neurosensory manifestations. This syndrome is seen most commonly in darker pigmented races, such as Orientals, Hispanics, American Indians, and blacks. It affects both sexes, although it appears to be a distinct female predominance. Most patients are between 20 to 50 years of age, but children and older adults also may be affected. A patient with some clinical symptoms of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome was reported. This patient had chronic bilateral iridocyclitis, posterior uveitis, exudative retinal detachment, cataracts related to cutaneous manifestations. This patient well responded on ophthalmologic manifestations by corticosteroid treatment but the other signs of VKH syndrome were still developing after 4 months period. The therapy for VKH syndrome was the high doses of systemic corticosterolds, and, with the severity of the anterior uveitis, topical corticosteroid was administrated frequently. A short-acting corticosteroid such as prednisone, in the range of 100-120 mg/day was given, based on the severity of the Inflammation. Some patients might require the addition of cytotoxic agents or cyclosporine.Key words : Vogt-Kayanagi-Harada syndrome - bilateral iridocyclitis - exudative retinal detachment - cutaneous manifestations.
Transplantation of preserved human amniotic membrane for perforated bacterial corneal ulcer and persistent epithelial defects, Cases Study. Suhardjo, Suhardjo
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 34, No 03 (2002)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: Human amniotic membrane has anti-adhesive properties and is felt to promote epithelization and decrease inflammation. Fresh human amniotic membrane transplantation has been shown to be effective in the reconstruction of the corneal surface in the setting of persistent epithelial defects, sterile corneal ulcerations, and partial limbal stem cell deficiency.Objectives: The purpose of this study is to report two cases of perforated bacterial corneal ulcer and one case persistent epithelial defect treated by preserved human amniotic membrane transplantation and to determine whether preserved human amniotic membrane transplantation can be used as an alternative method for treating perforated bacterial corneal ulcer.Methods: Observed human amniotic membrane transplantation was performed on 2 eyes of 2 patients with perforated bacterial corneal ulcer and one case with persistent epithelial defect of different causes. The amniotic membrane was placed on the surface of the cornea in overlay and secured by interrupted 10.0 nylon sutures to the surrounding conjunctiva.Results: There was significant improvement of the visual acuity in case 3 with persistent epithelial defect. Despite absence of improvement of the visual acuity in cases 1 and 2, the epithelization occurred in all patients and the perforated ulcers healed. As a wound dressing, human amniotic membrane has a number of benefits: in both patients the decreased inflammatory reaction, diminishes pain and increases the ocular mobility, and may help in prediction of readiness for grafting.Conclusion: Preserved human amniotic membrane transplantation may be considered as an alternative method for treating perforated bacterial corneal ulcer which is refractory to conventional treatment.Key words: amniotic membrane transplantation - decrease inflammation - perforated corneal ulcer -persistent epithelial defect - readiness for grafting.
The Relation between Epstein-Barr Virus and Hodgkins Disease: lmmuno-histo- pathological Analysis of EBV LMP-1 expression) C. Murtono, C. Murtono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 29, No 01 (1997)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

EBV-LMP-1 is one of the proteins formed in the B lymphocytes and that has an oncogenic property and expressed by Sternberg Reeds cells. Detection of EBV LMP-1 is a reliable method to determine the presence of EBV in Hodgkins disease. There were geographical distributions of Hodgkins disease based on its histological classification. This study determined the correlation between EBV and Hodgkins disease based on its histological subtype in Yogyakarta. Eighteen formaldehyde fixed in paraffin wax embedded specimen of Hodgkins disease were investigated for their EBV-LMP-1 expression by immunohistochemistry reaction with cocktail CS 1-4 (DAKO) as monoclonal antibody and Mayers Hematoxillin as counterstain. For negative control LMP-1 monoclonal antibody was omitted. EBV LMP-1 expression was detected in 9/18 (50%) of Hodgkins disease cases. The frequency of Hodgkins disease subtypes is as follows LP (lymphocytic predominance) 11.11%, NS (nodular sclerosis) 11.11%, MC (mixed cellularity) 22.22% and LD (lymphocytic depletion) 55.55%. The median age of the patients is 52.5 years with mean 52.3 year and SD 9.15 year. LMP-1 positivity was detected in 0/2 (0%) for LP subtype, 1/2 (50%) for NS, 2/4 (50%) for MC, and 6/10 for LD (60%). Based on EBV LMP-1 expression in the Sternberg Reed cells, it corroborated a significant role for EBV on the oncogenesis of Hodgkins disease in Yogyakarta especially for LD subtypeKey Words : Hodgkins disease - histological classification - latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) -immunohistochemistry - oncogenesis.

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