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Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01261312     EISSN : 23563931     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.19106/JMedSci005303202101
Core Subject : Science,
Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
Journal of the Medical Sciences (JMedSci) or Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran (BIK) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, published by Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia. JMedSci aiming to communicate high-quality articles in the areas of biomedical science from basic to clinical sciences.The journal welcomes papers from original articles, case reports, reviews, and book reviews. All papers published in JMedSci are freely available as downloadable pdf files. The journal began its publication on March 1973 and published quarterly (January, April, July, and October). JMedSci is abstracted and indexed in DOAJ, Crossref, Google Scholar, Sinta, Indonesia One Search. JMedSci is accredited by Directorate of General Higher Education, the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Indonesia
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 2,170 Documents
 97   98   99   100   101 
Kadar amonia dan urea darah bayi prematur pada usia minggu pertama Purnomo Suryantoro Purnomo Suryantoro
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 28, No 01 (1996)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Ammonia and urea blood levels in premature infants during the first week of life were analyzed. Twenty seven blood samples from premature infants at the age of 1, 3 and 7 days were collected. The concentration of ammonia was determined using Amitest meter (TSUGAI), while the urea concentration was measured using regular techniques. Even though the ammonia levels did not exceed 180 pg/d1., the data showed that the critical situation occur in the first three days of life when the ammonia concentration was the highest and urea was also concentrated. This condition releaved in day seven.Key words : ammonia level - urea level - premature baby - enzyme deficiency - hyperammonemia
The Influence of Blood Sample Volume to the Growth of Microorganism in Blood Culture Osman Sianipar Osman Sianipar
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 35, No 3 (2003)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: One of the important things in infectious diseases management is bacterial detection. Bacterial finding is influenced by many factors and the most important thing is blood sample volume inoculated into culture bottles. Sometimes difficulty occurs whenever blood sample volume taken is not sufficient as recommended, especially in children.Objectives: The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of blood sample volume on microorganism growth in blood culture.Methods: A prospective observational study was taken to investigate the influence of blood sample volume on microorganism growth in blood culture from clinical specimen. The inclusion criteria were patients with infection, sepsis, invasive procedures and possible immunocompromized conditions. Blood sample volume was measured by the difference between the final volume and volume of medium, and expressed as sample/medium ratio. The Chi-Square and Fisher's exact tests were used to examine the proportion between inappropriate and appropriate sample/medium ratio.Results: There were 113 (30.4%) out of 372 culture bottles showed bacterial growth with 118 isolates. The gram-negative bacilli isolates were mostly found (67.8%). The proportion of bacterial growth in inappropriate recommended ratio was significantly higher comparing to the appropriate one. The different methods in detecting the bacterial growth did not influence the detection rate. The day-to-daY proportion of bacterial growth rate did not differ significantly.Conclusion: The sample/medium ratio seems do not influence the bacterial growth rate.Key words: blood sample volume - sample medium ratio - bacterial growth - blood culture
The incidence of low birth weight infants in pregnant mothers infected malaria Setyowireni DK Setyowireni DK
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 31, No 03 (1999)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Background: There are many pregnant mothers in malaria endemic area such as Purworejo suffering from anemia. It was considered a risk factor for pregnant mother to deliver low birth weight infants (LBWI).Objectives: The aim of the study is to investigate the correlation between pregnant mothers infected malaria with incidence of low birth weight infants (LBWI).Methods: The samples included pregnant mothers involved in an applied research at the Community Health and Nutrition Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine Gadjah Mada University in Purworejo, Central Java, who received vitamin A and zinc supplement. Five hundred and eighty three pregnant mothers were randomly selected during period of 1 year (1997). By using peripheral blood examination 160 pregnant mothers were found to be infected by malaria and 423 persons were not infected were used as control. Monthly visits were carried out to monitor the anemia status by Hemocue to determine the haemoglobin content and ferritin serum, anthropometry examination, health interview of gestation history using questionaires, and birth weight examination.Results: The prevalence of malaria on pregnant mothers was 10.6%. No characteristic difference of pregnant mothers in two groups statistically, except the ferritin level of pregnant mothers with malaria which was statistically lower (198.6 µg/dl) than non-infected mothers (617.1 µg/dl; p <0.001). The incidence of LBWI in Purworejo in 1997 was 5.3%. No significant difference of LBWI incidence was found in pregnant mothers with malaria (3.8%) and non infected mothers (1.7%; p = 0.13). The LBWI risk in pregnant mothers with malaria was two times higher than non infected mothers. And it is not significant statistically (OR=2.3; 95% CI=0.77-6.64). Multiple regression analysis showed that the important factor of LBWI incidence in pregnant mothers with malaria was gestational age (prematurity) (F=6.293; p = 0.012).Conclusion: The most important factor of LBWI in malaria infected pregnant mother is prematurity. We need to pay attention to them by considering iron deficiency. Key words: pregnant mother - malaria-ferritin serum - prematurity-low birth weight infants
Colour vision and the genetics of colour vision defect Hartono Hartono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 22, No 03 (1990)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Colour vision is one of the visual functions which is very important in daily life. The phenomenon of normal colour vision has been explained briefly in order to understand colour vision defects.The theory of colour vision has been proposed for a long time by Young and Helmholtz. According to this theory there are three kinds of cones in the retina, namely red, green, and blue cones. Each cone has maximum absorbance for red, green, and blue colours respectively, but their absorbance curves overlap each other.The absence of the function of red, green, and blue cones will cause red blindness (pro tanopia) , green blindness (deuteroanopia), and blue blindness (tritanopia) respectively. On the other hand, partial disturbances of red, green, and blue cones give rise to red weakness (protanomaly), green weakness (dcuteroanomaly), and blue weakness (tritoanomaly).The great majority of colour defects are hereditary or genetic diseases. Congenital red and green blindness are X-linked recessive diseases. The location of red and green colour vision genes and their alleles (genes for red and green colour vision defects) are in the end of the long arm of chromosome X. The two genes arc very close to each other. Congenital blue colour defect, on the other hand, is an autosomal recessive disease, and the location of the gene is at the end of the long arm of chromosome 7.Key Words: ophthalmology - colour vision defects - X-linked recessive diseases - autosomal recessive diseases - gene locations
Therapy of epilepsy Harsono Harsono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 27, No 02 (1995)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Effective treatment of epilepsy requires accurate diagnosis. This relies heavily on proper identification of seizure type. Successful drug therapy requires a proper understanding of medication half-life and indications.Accurate diagnosis cannot be established easily since diagnosis of epilepsy relies on history taking and most of the patients do not show any clinical abnormality. Furthermore, diagnosis of epilepsy needs details of seizure type. This may be more difficult to be identified because information on the patients/their relatives are insufficient. Meanwhile, problems related to anti-epileptic drugs comprise poor understanding of the drugs, anticonvulsant interactions, development of adverse drug reactions, boring and poor compliance in taking medicine. Continuing medical education is one of the methods to solve the problems.Psychosocial conditions may interfere the treatment. In addition, any physician who cares epileptic patients should have comprehensive understanding of the patients condition including his/her family. On the other hand, the patients and/or their relatives should have proper information concerning the diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis of epilepsy.Health Centers, particularly ,in the rural areas, should have sufficient competence to manage epileptic patients. Good referral system will improve the competence and the patients will get some advantages.Key words: epilepsy - correct diagnosis - continuing medical education - psychosocial conditions - health center 
Polymorphism of vascular endhothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene insertion/ deletion -2549 as risk factor of diabetic retinophathy in Javanese patients with type 2 diabetes Jems Kifen Roget Maay Ahmad Hamim Sadewa Maliyah Madiyan
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 44, No 02 (2012)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a visual disorder caused by the diabetic microvascular complications.Genetic polymorphism in the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene plays an importanrole in the susceptibility of DR. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of thepolymorphism of VEGF gene insetion/deletion (I/D) -2549 with DR in Javanese type 2 diabetesmellitus (DM) patients. This was a case control study involving 40 Javanese type 2 DM patientswith DR as case subjects and 40 Javanese type 2 DM patients without DR as control subjects.Type 2 DM patients with DR were recruited from Eye Polyclinic, whereas type 2 DM patientswithout DR were recruited from Endocrine Polyclinic of Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta.Genotyping of VEGF gene I/D-2549 was conducted using PCR-RFLP method. Plasma VEGFlevels were measured using Enzym-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The genotype distributionof DD (67.5%) and the allele frequency of D (82.5%) in type 2 DM patients with DR was higherthan those without DR (27.5% for DD genotype and 56.3% for D allele). The OR of DD and IDgenotypes versus II genotype between type 2 DM patients with DR and without DR was 6.882(95%CI: 0.789-60.060; p=0.048), whereas OR for the D allele versus I allele between type 2 DMpatients with DR and without DR was 3.667 (95%CI: 1.773-3.667; p=0.000). The plasma VEGFlevels of DD genotype (92.16±49.73 pg/mL) were significantly higher than ID genotype(42.70±33.29 pg/mL) in type 2 DM patients (p=0.000). In conclusion, the polymorphism ofVEGF gene I/D -2549 is associated with DR in Javanese type 2 DM patients. The DD genotypeand D allele of the VEGF gene polymorphism are the risk factor of DR in those patients. Theassociation of the polymorphism of VEGF gene with DR may be explained with the high plasmaVEGF level.Keywords: vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) - polymorphism - diabetes - retinopathy- Javanese patients
Gene and antibody molecule Sofia Mubarika Haryana Sofia Mubarika Haryana
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 13, No 02 (1981)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Five major structural types of immunoglobulin in man can be distinguished. i. e. immunoglobulin G (abbreviated to IgG), IgM, IgA, IgD and IgE. Each type of immunoglobulin can synthesize specific antibody according to the inducing antigen. The specificity of immunoglobulin molecule is found in the antigen-binding fragment.Actually the specificity and the diversity of the immunoglobulin is controlled by the gene in the chromosome. The diversity and where the assembly of immunoglobulins is held are described.Key Words: immunoglobulin - antigen-binding fragment - central dogma - protein synthesis - germ line theory
Condylus Occipitalis Accessorius Dengan Articulatio Occipitoaxialis Laporan Kasus Marijata Marijata
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 6, No 04 (1974)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Telah dikemukakan suatu Japoran kasus adanya condylus occipitalis accessorius dengan articulatio occipitoaxialis dan pada kasus yang sama terdapatresorbsi pada articulatio temporomandibularis. Juga telah dikemukakan kemungkinan-kemungkinan sebagai penyebabnya.
Iterleukin-4 and interferon-in allergic contact dermatitis with atopic background in leather tannery factory worker S Widhiati AS Siswati H Kariosentono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 43, No 01 (2011)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

Immune response in allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) patient is dominated by T helper-1 (Th-1) response characterizedwith increase in interferon gamma (IFN-). However, in atopic individual, the immune response is dominated by Thelper-2 (Th-2) response which characterized with the presence of interleukin-4 (IL-4). Based on that condition, it ishypothesized that atopic individual was hardly to develope ACD. In leather factory, many workers are prone todevelope ACD. The aim of this study is to differentiate the cytokine profiles of IL-4 and IFN-of ACD patients withor without atopic background. Using a cross-sectional design, this study involved 30 subject assigned into twogroups, one group consisted of 15 subjects with ACD who had atopic background (ACD atopic), the other groupconsisted of 15 subjectswith ACD who had no atopic background (ACD non atopic). Both groups were examined bypatch test and confirmed to have ACD when the result was minimally+1 in 48 and/or 96 hours examination. Atopicskin diathesis score 8 was used to determine the possibility of having atopic background. Serum IL-4 and IFN-concentrationwere determined using ELISA. Data were analyzed using SPSS with Mann-Whitney non- parametrictest. The results showed that the mean value of IL-4 in both groups were 0.18±0.14 pg/mL and 0.25±0.29 pg/mL (p=0.917) whereas the mean value of IFN- in both groups were 13.03 ±23.90 pg/mL and 2.76±5.67 pg/mL, (p=0.096). In conclusion, the cytokine profiles of IL-4 and IFN-were not significantly different between ACDatopic and ACD non atopic individuals. This finding suggested that atopic and non-atopic individuals had a similarimmunologic response during development of ACD.Key words: immunologic response-cytokine-occupational contact dematitis-T helper-patch testing
The effect of ciprofloxacin on the susceptibility of pseudomonas aeruginosa to tetracycline Ning Rintiswati Ning Rintiswati
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 30, No 02 (1998)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

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Abstract

The effect of ciprofloxacin on the susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to tetracycline was evaluated. This study was based on the fact that most bacterial resistance to an antibiotics is under control of genes located on plasmids. Treatment with ciprofloxacin at subminimal inhibitory concentration possibly alter the supercoiled to the relaxed form, so that the plasmids could not be expressed, whereas at the same time the bacterial chromosome would not be affected by the treatment. The aim of this study was to search for possible increase of tetracycline susceptibility of P.aeruginosa, under the influence of ciprofloxacin. Thirty two isolates of P.aeruginosa were used In the experiment. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ciprofloxacin for an individual isolate was determined by a standard broth dilution method. Fresh cultures with the density of 106CFU/m1 were added Into a serial tubes containing various concentrations of tetracycline. Ciprofloxacin at sub MIC's was then added into these cultures. The same cultures containing only tetracycline were used for controls. The results showed that the decrease of MIC of tetracycline was observed in 31 (96.87%) isolates of P.aeruginosa, and 34.37% changed their resistance stated. It was concluded that ciprofloxacin increased tetracycline susceptibility of P.aeruginosa.Key words : ciprofloxacin - plasmid - antibiotic susceptibility - P. aeruginosa-tetracycline

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