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VISIKES
Published by Universitas Dian Nuswantoro
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Core Subject : Education,
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Articles 500 Documents
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Analysis of PM2.5 and PM10 Concentrations, Chimney Conditions, and Public Health in a Tofu-Processing Industrial Area R. Azizah; Dinda Tiara Nurzahrah Dariswan; Sudarmaji Sudarmaji; Mahmudah Mahmudah; M. Hadi Khustanto; Zaneta Aaqilah Salsabila; Zafira Nuha Naura; Mifaidah Kusumawati; Fariha Zahra Aghnia
VISIKES Vol. 25 No. 2 (2026): VISIKES
Publisher : Dian Nuswantoro Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60074/visikes.v25i2.17989

Abstract

Household-scale tofu industries generate various types of waste, including dust and smoke emissions from combustion processes that have the potential to degrade air quality and cause health problems for the surrounding community. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of dust levels (PM2.5 and PM10) based on community perceptions, the technical condition of smokestacks, and their relationship with knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, environmental impacts, and health problems among the community surrounding the tofu industry in Tropodo Village, Krian Subdistrict, Sidoarjo Regency. The study employed a cross-sectional analytical observational design involving 111 respondents, as well as observations of smokestacks at 39 tofu industry units. The analysis of relationships among variables was conducted using covariance-based Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the assistance of AMOS 24. The results showed that most chimney conditions fell into the “fair” to “poor” categories, particularly regarding chimney maintenance (92.3% poor) and smoke opacity (84.6% poor). Respondents perceived dust levels in the surrounding environment to be high (mean 4.360) and to have a significant impact on environmental quality (mean 4.402) and public health (mean 4.411). SEM results indicate that dust levels have a significant positive effect on environmental impact (estimate = 0.761; p < 0.001), environmental impact has a significant positive effect on health impact (estimate = 0.653; p < 0.001), while community actions have a significant negative effect on dust levels, environmental impact, and health impact. The final structural model met good fit criteria (CMIN/DF = 2.059; CFI = 0.952; SRMR = 0.059). Suboptimal technical conditions of the smokestacks contribute to high perceived dust levels, which impact the environment and public health; therefore, improvements in emissions management are necessary.
Factors Associated With Female Sterilization Use Among Women Of Reproductive Age In Central Java, Indonesia Syifa Sofia Wibowo; Syarifah Aqil Wibowo; Dinar Indri Bakti Salsabila; Atikah Syadza Fadillah
VISIKES Vol. 25 No. 2 (2026): VISIKES
Publisher : Dian Nuswantoro Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60074/visikes.v25i2.18019

Abstract

The use of effective contraception can help prevent unplanned pregnancies and support the health of mothers and families. This study aimed to analyze factors associated with female sterilization use among women of reproductive age in Central Java, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study design was employed using secondary data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI). Bivariate analysis was conducted, followed by logistic regression to identify factors associated with female sterilization use. Multivariate analysis showed that maternal age, parity, family planning counseling, and delivery method were significantly associated with female sterilization use (p<0.05). The odds ratios (OR) were 7.426 (95% CI: 5.280–10.444) for parity, 2.828 (95% CI: 1.941–4.119) for maternal age, 2.046 (95% CI: 1.315–3.183) for family planning counseling, and 22.531 (95% CI: 14.811–34.273) for delivery method. Delivery method had the highest OR. Female sterilization use was associated with maternal age, parity, family planning counseling, and delivery method. Comprehensive family planning counseling is essential to support informed contraceptive decision-making in accordance with women's reproductive goals.
Household Organic Waste Management, Healthy Behavior, and Disease Symptoms: Greenhouse Gas Implications R. Azizah; Agus Bintara Birawida; Yuanita Windusari; M. Ariiq Setiawan; Zaneta Aaqilah Salsabila; Zafira Nuha Naura; Mifaidah Kusumawati; Fariha Zahra Aghnia; Edza Aria Wikurendra
VISIKES Vol. 25 No. 2 (2026): VISIKES
Publisher : Dian Nuswantoro Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60074/visikes.v25i2.18020

Abstract

Household organic waste is a major contributor to national waste generation in Indonesia, yet household-level management remains limited, potentially increasing environmental disease risks and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study analyzed relationships between individual characteristics, healthy behavior, household organic waste management, and symptoms of malaria, cholera, dengue fever, pneumonia, stunting, diarrhea, and leptospirosis. A quantitative cross-sectional study involved 100 respondents in Kelurahan Larangan, Kecamatan Candi, Kabupaten Sidoarjo, across RW 1–9, selected using proportional stratified random sampling. Data were analyzed descriptively; differences in organic waste weight between RWs were tested using the Kruskal–Wallis test, and relationships among variables were examined using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) at α = 10%. Organic waste management remained limited: 38% of respondents owned a biopore and 48% managed their organic waste, mainly through composting. Organic waste weight did not differ significantly between RWs (p = 0.169). SEM-PLS showed valid and reliable indicators and seven significant relationships. Healthy behavior negatively affected dengue fever, diarrhea, and malaria symptoms; organic waste management negatively affected cholera and stunting but positively affected pneumonia, contrary to the hypothesized direction; education positively affected organic waste management. The highest R² was for dengue fever (19.4%). Overall, healthy behavior and household organic waste management may reduce several waste-related disease risks and GHG emissions through controlled composting. Strengthening household education and waste-management facilities is needed to support disease prevention and climate-change mitigation. These findings highlight integrated environmental health approaches for sustainable community waste management.
The Relationship between Knowledge Level and Reproductive Health Triad Prevention Behavior in Adolescents Widiyawati Widiyawati; Erni Hernawati; Liawati Liawati
VISIKES Vol. 25 No. 2 (2026): VISIKES
Publisher : Dian Nuswantoro Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60074/visikes.v25i2.18039

Abstract

Adolescents represent a population highly vulnerable to reproductive health risks, particularly the Adolescent Reproductive Health Triad (Triad KRR), which encompasses risky sexual behavior, HIV/AIDS, and substance abuse. National data reported 63,707 new HIV cases and 18,474 substance-abuse rehabilitation admissions in 2024, while a preliminary survey at the study site found that 70% of students lacked understanding of Triad KRR prevention and no adolescent reproductive health counseling unit (PIK-R) was yet available at the school. This study aimed to examine the relationship between knowledge level and Triad KRR prevention behavior among tenth-grade students at SMKN Bungursari, Purwakarta Regency, in 2026. A quantitative analytic-survey design with a cross-sectional approach was employed, involving 60 tenth-grade students selected through proportionate stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a validated 20-item knowledge questionnaire and a 10-item Guttman-scale behavior questionnaire, then analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The results showed that more than half of the respondents (55%) had insufficient-to-moderate knowledge of the Triad KRR (45% moderate, 10% insufficient), while the majority (60%) demonstrated good prevention behavior. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test yielded no statistically significant association between knowledge and behavior (p = 0.269). It was concluded that no significant relationship existed between knowledge level and Triad KRR prevention behavior among tenth-grade students, indicating that knowledge alone is not a sufficient determinant of protective behavior. Establishing a school-based adolescent reproductive health counseling unit (PIK-R) is recommended to provide structured education and reinforce preventive behavior among students.
Determinants of Harmstring Flexibility Among Manual Cigarette Workers Fikri Ardiansyah; Ulfa Nurullita; Muhammad Muhibbi; Wulandari Meikawati
VISIKES Vol. 25 No. 2 (2026): VISIKES
Publisher : Dian Nuswantoro Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60074/visikes.v25i2.18046

Abstract

The production of cigarettes involves manual labor, and some workers experience issues such as pain and cramping in the back of the thigh. These are symptoms of hamstring muscle shortening. Shortened hamstring muscles are often considered a primary risk factor for muscle injury, as well as a problem related to muscle health or the musculoskeletal system. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between work posture, length of service, and individual characteristics and hamstring muscle flexibility. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 55 cigarette factory workers in Kudus, Indonesia, selected by proportional random sampling. Data on age, exercise habits, and years of experience were collected using questionnaires, while work position, BMI, and hamstring flexibility were assessed through observation, anthropometric measurements, and the V-Sit and Reach Test. Bivariate analysis used the Chi-square test at a 5% significance level. The mean age of the respondents was 46.51 years, with an average exercise frequency of 1.31 times per week. A total of 56.4% of respondents fell into the normal category, and 61.8% had a tenure of less than 4 years. Chi-square analysis showed the following results: age (p=0.020), BMI (p=0.205), exercise habits (p=0.000), work posture (p=0.273), and tenure (p=0.386). Conclusion: Age and exercise habits are risk factors associated with hamstring muscle flexibility among cigarette workers in Kota Kudus District, Kudus Regency. Age and exercise habits were significantly associated with hamstring flexibility. Workplace programs should promote regular physical activity, active breaks, mobility exercises, and stretching, particularly for older workers
Household Behavioral Factors in the Implementation of STBM Pillar V: Household Wastewater Management Based on Snehandu B. Kar’s Theory Mas Damang Gumelar; Sri Anggraeni; Rusmiati Rusmiati; Hadi Suryono; Setiawan Setiawan
VISIKES Vol. 25 No. 2 (2026): VISIKES
Publisher : Dian Nuswantoro Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60074/visikes.v25i2.18052

Abstract

Household wastewater management is an important component of environmental sanitation because inappropriate disposal may contribute to environmental pollution and health risks. Community-Based Total Sanitation (STBM) Pillar V focuses on the safe management of household wastewater. Based on STBM verification data from 2025, the implementation of STBM Pillar V in Bongkaran Urban Village, within the working area of Perak Timur Community Health Center, Surabaya City, remained low. This condition indicates the need to examine behavioral factors related to household wastewater management. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between behavioral factors based on Snehandu B. Kar’s Theory and the implementation of STBM Pillar V in Bongkaran Urban Village. An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional approach was conducted among 98 households selected using simple random sampling. Data were collected through interviews using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using the Chi-Square test at a significance level of 5% (α=0.05). The results showed significant relationships between behavior intention (p<0.001), social support (p<0.001), accessibility of information (p=0.001), personal autonomy (p=0.001), and action situation (p=0.005) and the implementation of STBM Pillar V. The five behavioral components of Snehandu B. Kar’s Theory were associated with the implementation of household wastewater management. Improving the implementation of STBM Pillar V requires attention to behavioral intention, social support, access to information, household decision-making capacity, and conditions that enable action.
Fly Density at Temporary Waste Storage Sites in West Ungaran, Semarang Alfan Afandi; Yulia Nurkhayati; Novi Diana Putri
VISIKES Vol. 25 No. 2 (2026): VISIKES
Publisher : Dian Nuswantoro Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60074/visikes.v25i2.18071

Abstract

Temporary Waste Storage Sites (TPS) are potential breeding and resting sites for flies because accumulated waste, particularly organic waste, can provide food and suitable environmental conditions. Fly density is an indicator of environmental sanitation, while temperature and humidity may influence fly activity and persistence. Objective: This study aimed to describe fly density characteristics according to temperature and humidity conditions at TPS in West Ungaran, Semarang Regency. Methods: A descriptive quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach was conducted at 28 TPS. The observed variables were fly density, air temperature, and air humidity. Data were analyzed descriptively using frequency distributions, percentages, minimum and maximum values, means, medians, and cross-tabulation of fly density categories with temperature and humidity categories. Results: Temperature ranged from 26.8–31.2°C, with a mean of 29.05°C and median of 28.6°C. Humidity ranged from 57–84%, with a mean of 70.54% and median of 67.5%. Fifteen TPS (53.6%) had low fly density and 13 (46.4%) had high density. Nineteen TPS (67.9%) were in the supportive temperature category and nine (32.1%) in the high category. For humidity, three TPS (10.7%) were categorized as low, 20 (71.4%) as supportive, and five (17.9%) as high. All TPS with high temperature had high fly density, while high fly density occurred in both supportive and high humidity categories. Conclusion: Low fly density was slightly more prevalent, but high density remained substantial. Temperature and humidity conditions at most TPS were supportive of fly presenc.
Evaluation Of Registration Staff Readiness In Handling “Si Wongso” System Downtime At Hospital X Alfira Alfira; Dwi Nur Siti Marchamah; Wahyuni Arumsari
VISIKES Vol. 25 No. 2 (2026): VISIKES
Publisher : Dian Nuswantoro Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60074/visikes.v25i2.18138

Abstract

Downtime of the Hospital Management Information System may disrupt the continuity of healthcare services, particularly in the registration unit, which serves as the initial point of patient access to hospital services. This condition requires registration staff to be adequately prepared so that services can continue when system disruptions occur. This study aimed to evaluate the readiness of registration staff in managing downtime of the “Si Wongso” system at RSD K.R.M.T. Wongsonegoro Semarang based on the aspects of Man, Money, Material, Machine, Method, and Environment. This study employed a descriptive qualitative design. Informants were selected according to predetermined criteria and consisted of registration staff from the outpatient, inpatient, and emergency registration units (TPPRJ, TPPRI, and TPPGD), as well as the Head of the Hospital Management Information System (SIMRS) as a triangulation informant. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, checklist forms, and documentation. The results showed that the Man, Material, Method, and Environment aspects supported service continuity during downtime through staff knowledge and skills, the availability of manual forms, implementation of standard operating procedures, and a supportive working environment. The Money aspect supported equipment maintenance and operational facilities; however, budget planning for downtime mitigation remained general and was not specifically allocated. In the Machine aspect, system and network disruptions were still identified and affected service continuity. Overall, registration staff demonstrated good readiness in managing downtime of the “Si Wongso” system. The hospital is therefore recommended to strengthen downtime mitigation budgeting, conduct regular training and simulation exercises, evaluate standard operating procedures, and improve system and network maintenance to ensure optimal service delivery during system disruptions.
The Relationship Between Patients’ Health Literacy Levels and Understanding of Outpatient Service Procedures at Puskesmas Gunungpati Andini Salma Putri Sutandang; Wahyuni Arumsari; Dwi Nur Siti Marchamah
VISIKES Vol. 25 No. 2 (2026): VISIKES
Publisher : Dian Nuswantoro Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60074/visikes.v25i2.18140

Abstract

Low health literacy can hinder patients’ ability to understand health information and navigate healthcare services. This study aimed to determine the relationship between patients’ health literacy and their understanding of outpatient service procedures at Gunungpati Public Health Center, as well as the relationships of age, sex, and educational attainment with health literacy and understanding of service procedures. An analytical correlational quantitative study with a cross-sectional design was conducted among 100 adult and older adult patients selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires to measure health literacy and understanding of service procedures, then analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with the Chi-Square test at α = 0.05. Overall, 52.0% of respondents had good health literacy, while 48.0% had poor health literacy. Regarding understanding of service procedures, 42.0% of respondents demonstrated good understanding, whereas 58.0% demonstrated poor understanding. Age (p = 0.001) and educational attainment (p = 0.001) were significantly associated with health literacy, while sex was not (p = 0.121). Age (p = 0.228), sex (p = 0.960), and educational attainment (p = 0.574) were not significantly associated with understanding of service procedures. Health literacy was also not significantly associated with understanding of service procedures (p = 0.733). These findings indicate that improving patients’ understanding requires attention not only to individual abilities but also to the clarity, accessibility, and consistency of healthcare service information.
Determining Priority Hospitals for Maternity Referral Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process Firmansyah Prataman Fauzi; Achmad Fitro; Ratih Amelia
VISIKES Vol. 25 No. 2 (2026): VISIKES
Publisher : Dian Nuswantoro Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60074/visikes.v25i2.18266

Abstract

Selecting an appropriate maternity referral hospital is important to ensure that patients receive timely and suitable healthcare services. The availability of multiple hospital alternatives requires a systematic approach that can consider several criteria simultaneously. This study aims to determine the priority of maternity referral hospitals in Sidoarjo Regency as a consideration for midwives in Sukodono District when selecting referral destinations. This study applied the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to evaluate seven hospital alternatives based on five criteria: Quality of Medical Facilities, Quality of Medical Personnel, Quality of BPJS Services, Hospital Access, and Effectiveness of Service Time. Pairwise comparisons were used to determine the relative importance of the criteria and alternatives. Assessments involving multiple respondents were aggregated using the geometric mean method, followed by matrix normalization, Priority Vector calculation, consistency analysis, and synthesis of alternative priorities. Quality of Medical Facilities was the highest-priority criterion with a weight of 0.42, followed by Quality of Medical Personnel (0.26), Quality of BPJS Services (0.16), Hospital Access (0.10), and Effectiveness of Service Time (0.06). The final synthesis placed Siti Khodijah Hospital (A7) as the highest-priority alternative with a value of 19.12%, followed by Anwar Medika Hospital (A4) at 15.98% and Arafah Anwar Medika Sukodono Hospital (A1) at 15.51%. The AHP method provides a systematic approach for integrating multiple criteria and hospital alternatives in determining priorities for maternity referral destinations. The results can support midwives in considering suitable hospitals for maternity referrals.

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