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Medula
Published by Universitas Lampung
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Core Subject : Health, Science, Education,
Education Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health
Medical Profession Journal of Lampung didirkan pada tahun 2013. Medula hadir memenuhi kebutuhan publikasi jurnal bagi mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran, Dosen ataupun klinisi dan profesi lain dibidang kedokteran. Medula diterbitkan dengan frekuensi 4 kali dalam setahun yang tiap nomornya mencakup 30 jenis artikel ilmiah seperti artikel penelitian, laporan kasus, tinjauan pustaka dan lain-lain. Medula sudah memiliki nomor ISSN media cetak sejak tahun 2013
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 906 Documents
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Osteoporosis: Etiologi hingga Tatalaksana Ilma Puteri Hutami; Anisa Nuraisa Djausal
Medula Vol 13 No 5 (2023): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i5.781

Abstract

One of the main public health problems for the elderly, both men and women, is osteoporosis. Many factors accompany problems in the elderly such as aging, menopause, endocrine disorders, weakening of physical activity, as well as side effects of certain drugs, which contribute to complaints of osteoporosis. The presence of osteoporosis results in increased bone fragility while almost all bones are susceptible to fracture. The incidence of fracture events is closely related to the increase in osteoporosis which is indicated by increasing age. Measures to diagnose and prevent osteoporosis and its complications are a major issue and concern at this time as an effort in public health because the increased incidence of fractures is also associated with increasing health care costs and accompanied by physical disability and impaired quality of life, even the effect has an impact on increasing mortality rate. Currently, BMD (bone mass density) measurement is a key factor in identifying patients at risk of fracture. The measurement results of BMD are used as a reference for making treatment therapy decisions, as well as for monitoring the progress of the therapy being undertaken. Several risk factors for osteoporosis have also been identified for their treatment potential, which can be modified and cannot be modified. Treatment of potentially modifiable risk factors along with sports activities accompanied by calcium (Ca) and vitamin D supplements is important information for the management or pharmacological management of osteoporosis.
Potensi Astragalus Sebagai Terapi Adjuvan Pada Pasien Glomerulonefritis Alfina Indah Nabila; Nabila Rayhan Yasmin; Rani Himayani; Ramadhan Triyandi
Medula Vol 13 No 5 (2023): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i5.783

Abstract

Glomerulonephritis is a medical term used to describe a condition that involves some kidney damages. Glomerulonephritis is an abnormality of the kidney that may lead to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The current glomerulonephritis therapy is considered not fully effective due to the possibility of additional morbidity and complications that may occur. The use of Astragalus as adjuvant therapy can inhibit the progression of glomerulonephritis. The journals, that was reviewed, obtained from the Google Scholar, Sciencedirect, PubMed, and Springer with a publication year range of 2009-2023. The journals were selected to obtain valid and reliable journals, then do a literature review and article writing. Astragalus membranaceus has a bioactive content that can act as an immunomodulator, antiinflamation, and renoprotector. Astragalus is able to improve kidney function through IL-6 secretion and improve kidney interstitial fibrosis. Administration of Astragalus in combination with conventional therapy can reduce serum creatinine and proteinuria. Astragalus has potential as adjuvant therapy in glomerulonephritis patients.
DAMPAK PEMBELAJARAN ONLINE TERHADAP KESEHATAN MENTAL PADA ERA PANDEMI COVID-19: DAMPAK PEMBELAJARAN ONLINE TERHADAP KESEHATAN MENTAL PADA ERA PANDEMI COVID-19 Okki Muhammad Fajar Muthahhari; Rani Himayani; Rizki Hanriko
Medula Vol 13 No 5 (2023): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i5.784

Abstract

COVID-19, which spread throughout the world, causing the disease to be declared a pandemic, has affected all aspects of people's lives without exception in the world of education, which was previously conducted face-to-face, now the learning method has changed to online learning. This causes many things to be done by using communication tools as a socializing chain with the surrounding environment. Online education is a new method of learning through networks that has been in place since early 2020, which is one of the steps to reduce the spread of COVID-19. Distance Education can have an impact on students' psychology. This causes many things to be done by using communication tools as a socializing chain with the surrounding environment. Mental health is becoming a problem in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, especially for elementary school students. Mental health is constantly changing, creating a variety of major problems that must be resolved. This article aims to determine the mental health of students while undergoing online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic era. The type of review used in this journal is in the form of a literature review of 40 articles found through the NCBI database, PubMed, Google Scholar, only 22 articles were selected from 2020 to 2022. The result of this article is to explain the latest updates regarding the impact of online learning in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. 19 on mental health.
Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana Trikiasis Keziah Tirtawijaya; Putu Ristyaning Ayu Sangging; Rani Himayani
Medula Vol 13 No 4.1 (2023): Medula - Edisi Spesial (Special Sense)
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i4.1.674

Abstract

Trichiasis is a condition in which the eyelashes are in the wrong position, facing back and rubbing against the cornea or conjunctiva. In trichiasis the eyelash follicles are normal, but the direction of their growth is abnormal. Some of the eyelashes or all of the eyelashes at the eyelid margin may be involved. Trichiasis can be classified into major and minor. Trichiasis is an acquired condition, not a congenital condition. Trichiasis affects the lower eyelids, but in certain cases, such as chemical burns of both eyelids and trachoma, the upper eyelids are more affected. The cause of trichiasis is often idiopathic, but chronic eyelid inflammation or an infection such as trachoma, herpes simplex or zoster, can be the cause. Trichiasis often occurs with other diseases such as trachoma, cicatricial pemphigoid, and other eyelid trauma. Trichiasis is complicated by corneal erosion and corneal ulcers. Trichiasis can cause eye irritation. Treatment of trichiasis is divided into operative and non-operative management. Treatment of trichiasis depends on the number of eyelashes involved. Treatment of trichiasis can be in the form of using contact lenses, removing eyelashes, or surgery. This paper uses the article review method using sources such as journals and books. The purpose of this writing is to know the definition, diagnosis, and management of trichiasis. The diagnosis of trichiasis can be established by anamnesis and physical examination. The management of trichiasis depends on the symptoms in the anamnesis and physical examination.
Hubungan Glaukoma dengan Hipertensi Muhammad Arsy Kamal Faadhil; Putu Ristyaning Ayu Sangging; Rani Himayani
Medula Vol 13 No 4.1 (2023): Medula - Edisi Spesial (Special Sense)
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i4.1.675

Abstract

Glaucoma is a group of progressive optic neuropathy characterized by degeneration of retinal ganglion cells and resulting changes in the optic nerve head. Glaucoma can be classified into 2 broad categories: open-angle glaucoma and angle-closure glaucoma. In patients with open-angle glaucoma, there is increased resistance to aqueous outflow through the trabecular meshwork. Conversely, access to drainage pathways is usually obstructed in patients with angle-closure glaucoma. Intraocular pressure can cause mechanical stress and strain on the posterior structures of the eye, especially the lamina cribrosa and the surrounding tissues.Acute open angle glaucomacan manifest itself with pain radiating from the eye, visual disturbances, conjunctival hyperemia, and occasionally nausea and vomiting with a tense, rock-hard globe. This is an ophthalmological emergency that requires immediate treatment to prevent severe eye damage and blindness. In contrast, open-angle glaucoma is usually asymptomatic until it reaches an advanced stage. If there are visual field defects, they are usually not located in the same part of the fields of the two eyes and are therefore well compensated for by binocular vision. Thus, people with open-angle glaucoma generally report no symptoms and many are completely unaware that they have the condition.Several epidemiological studies have reported that an increase in systemic blood pressure is associated with a small increase in intraocular pressure. Individuals with hypertension have a risk of about 1.2 times higher for developing open-angle glaucoma than individuals without hypertension followed by other risk factors, namely age over 40 years, and use of antihypertensive drugs. Patients over 40 years of age, especially those with a history of hypertension, are advised to undergo an eye examination.
Buta Senja: Hubungannya Dengan Asupan Vitamin A di Indonesia Evan Christian Christian; Putu Ristyaning Ayu Sangging; Rani Himayani
Medula Vol 13 No 4.1 (2023): Medula - Edisi Spesial (Special Sense)
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i4.1.679

Abstract

Night blindness is a disorder of the eyes where the eyes cannot function properly in low light or inadequate lighting conditions. This occurs due to dysfunction of the rod cells present in the retina of the eye. Rod cells play a crucial role in vision and are closely related to the availability of vitamin A in the body. Vitamin A is an essential micronutrient for the body and plays an active role in a person’s vision. Vitamin A works in conjunction with rhodopsin in the mechanism of vision. Vitamin A can produce rhodopsin and regulate vision mechanisms through several mechanisms, one of which is the conversion of the cis chain to trans. Vitamin A deficiency can disrupt a person’s vision. Research shows that there are still many children in the world and in Indoneisa who suffer from vitamin A deficiency. The WHO estimates that around 190 million children worldwide suffer from vitamin A deficiency. Studies in Central Java shows that Indonesia still experiences vitamin A deficiency, with about 60% of children having serum retinol levels below normal. Low serum retinol is indicator of a person’s vitamin A deficiency, The use of vitamin A supplements is important in preventing night blindness. Research shows that the use of additional vitamin A supplements can be done since infancy, by providing supplements to newly delivering mothers, so that the vitamin A supplements consumed by the mother can increase the retinol level in the colostrum of mother’s milk that will be consumed by the child.
Gambaran Umum dan Tata Laksana Kalazion Lintang Lestari Cahya Sawitri; Putu Ristyaning Ayu Sangging; Rani Himayani
Medula Vol 13 No 4.1 (2023): Medula - Edisi Spesial (Special Sense)
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i4.1.687

Abstract

Chalazion is the most common local inflammatory condition, accounting for 13.4% of all benign eyelid lesions, caused by obstruction of the meibomian glands in the upper or lower lid, either unilaterally or bilaterally. Chalazion is a chronic granulomatous inflammatory condition of the Meibomian glands which are responsible for producing meibum which can reduce tear evaporation and facilitate lubrication of the ocular surface. This situation is often associated with acne rosacea, atopy, seborrheic, and chronic blepharitis. The lesions are inflammatory nodules that form when the products of lipid breakdown enter the surrounding tissue and trigger a granulomatous inflammatory reaction. The nodule is not more than 1 cm in size, not hyperemic, not painful when pressed, not fluctuate, and pseudoptosis. Single hard textured nodule located deep in the upper or lower lid or tarsal. Management can be done through a conservative approach, antibiotics, and surgery. Conservative medical treatments include warm compresses, eyelid massage, eyelid scrubs, and eyelid cleansing with baby shampoo. Antibiotics are generally not indicated, unless the condition is associated with severe blepharitis or blepharitis due to rosacea. Persistent lesions require surgical intervention. Smaller lesions are treated by surgical curettage and dissection. Larger lesions require more extensive excision. Good sleeping habits, regular exercise, and fresh air are essential to promote healthy skin and Meibomian glands.
ARTICLE REVIEW: KLASIFIKASI DAN TATALAKSANA RETINOPATI PREMATURITAS Cholyviona W.S Handhayani; Putu Ristyaning Ayu Sangging; Rani Himayani
Medula Vol 13 No 4.1 (2023): Medula - Edisi Spesial (Special Sense)
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i4.1.689

Abstract

Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is a condition or illnesses of the retina that frequently affects infants. Retinopathy of Prematurity is an abnormal development of blood vessels in the eye which typically affects infants born prematurely. Premature Retinopathy is a condition that affects many nations on a global scale, with an expected incidence of over 45 cases for every 100,000 pregnancies. According to the International Classification of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ICROP), there are five stages of the disease based on the severity and three zones of retinal development based on where they form. The retina is the innermost layer of the eyeball that receives light and transmits it to the brain, allowing us to see distinctly. Disturbances in the retina can produce visual disturbances. As a result, any visual disturbances must be treated promptly and precisely. Cryotherapy, laser photocoagulation, anti-VEGF drugs, and vitrectomy healing measures at an advanced level are treatments that can be used in instances of Premature Retinopathy in premature babies. This writing employs the article review technique, with sources sourced from journals and books. This writing seeks to discover the definition, classification, and treatment of Premature Retinopathy, with the hope of improving standards and quality of care for Premature Retinopathy.
Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana Mata Kering Faiq Razaan Razaan; Putu Ristyaning Ayu Sangging; Rani Himayani
Medula Vol 13 No 4.1 (2023): Medula - Edisi Spesial (Special Sense)
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i4.1.690

Abstract

Dry eye disease is a multifactorial disease of the tears and the surface of the eye that gives rise to unsafe indications, visual problems, and tear film instability with the potential to damage the eye surface. This condition can be followed by an increase in tear film osmolarity and inflammation of the ocular surface. This dry eye can occur due to reduced aqueous humor fluid produced by the ciliary body or increased production of tear evaporation that occurs due to disruption of the function of the meibomian glands. Based on these triggers, dry eyes can be classified into two categories: dry eyes due to aqueous deficiency (MKDA) and evaporative dry eyes (MKE). The diagnosis of dry eye order of examination of dry eyes include a patient history using a questionnaire, tear film break-up time with fluorescein, eye surface staining using fluorescein or lissamine green, Schirmer I test with or without anesthesia, Schirmer II test with nasal stimulation, and eyelid examination. and meibomian glands. Treatment of dry eye disease can be pharmacological or non-pharmacological. The management of dry eye disease depends on the severity of the disease, An example of a drug for the management of dry eye disease is cendo lyters.  Non-pharmacological treatment for preventing dry eye disease is avoiding its causes, such as vehicle fumes, limiting using gadget, and also being able to use sunglasses if there are indications of red and dry eyes. This paper uses the article review method by using sources such as journals. The purpose of this writing is to know the definition, diagnosis, and management of dry eye. The results of this paper found that the diagnosis of dry eyes can be established by history and physical examination. The conclusion obtained is that the management of dry eyes depends on the symptoms found in the history and physical examination.
Tinjauan Pustaka : Keratokonus Ardian Reza Putra; Putu Ristyaning Ayu Sangging; Rani Himayani
Medula Vol 13 No 4.1 (2023): Medula - Edisi Spesial (Special Sense)
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i4.1.691

Abstract

sexes and all ethnicities. The estimated prevalence in the general population is 54 per 100,000. Ocular signs and symptoms vary depending on the severity of the disease. The initial shape is usually unknown unless closure topography is performed. Disease progression is manifested by a loss of visual acuity that cannot be compensated for by spectacles. Edge thinning often sucks ectasia. In moderate and more severe cases, a hemosiderin arc or circular line, known as a Fleischer ring, is often seen around the base of the needle. Vogt's striae, which are fine vertical lines produced by compression of Descemet's membrane, are another characteristic. Most patients eventually develop scar tissue. Munson's sign, V-shaped deformation of the lower eyelid in the downward position; Rizzuti's sign, bright reflection of the nasal limbal region when light is directed to the temporal limbal region; and damage to Descemet's membrane leading to acute stromal edema, known as hydrops, is observed in advanced stages. . Genetic, biomechanical, and biochemical theories about the causes of keratoconus have been put forward. Treatment varies depending on the severity of the disease. This article provides a review of the definition, epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis of keratoconus.

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