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Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics

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Published by Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

ISSN : - EISSN : - DOI : -

Core Subject : Engineering,

Electrical & Electronics Engineering

Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (Buletin Teknik Elektro dan Informatika) ISSN: 2089-3191, e-ISSN: 2302-9285 is open to submission from scholars and experts in the wide areas of electrical, electronics, instrumentation, control, telecommunication and computer engineering from the global world. The journal publishes original papers in the field of electrical, computer and informatics engineering.

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Articles 2,901 Documents

55 56 57 58 59

A new approach for impedance matching rotman lens using defected ground structure Mohammed K. Al-Obaidi; Ezri Mohd; Noorsaliza Abdullah; Samsul Haimi Dahlan
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 9, No 2: April 2020
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Many recent radar applications and smart antenna are based on the electronically steerable beam in order to increase the performance of targeting the desired scan angle with the high performance of gain and directivity. Scanning angle with ±26o based on Microstrip Rotman lens and design frequency 2.45 GHz is presented in this study. Five beam ports provide five output beams directed the beams in five different scanning angles in the azimuth plane is provided. The traditional matching method by tapering the transmission line in order to guarantee a smooth energy transition from the 50 Ω input ports is replaced by Defected Ground Structure to achieve an acceptable return loss with a linear progressive phase for each beam port. The new approach is providing increasing in the scan angle. Besides, the size miniaturization is achieved by removing the tapering length and reduces the total size of the lens length by 23.67 mm. The proposed model is implemented using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) using the FR-4 substrate and the measurements lead to a good validation.

A 28 GHz high efficiency fully integrated 0.18 µm combined CMOS power amplifier using power divider technique for 5G millimeter-wave applications A. F. Hasan; S. A. Z. Murad; F. A. Bakar; T. Z. A. Zulkifli
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 9, No 2: April 2020
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

A 28 GHz power amplifier (PA) using CMOS 0.18 µm Silterra process technology for milimeter wave applications is reported. Maximizing the power added efficiency (PAE) and output power are achieved by optimize the circuit with power divider and cascade configuration. In addition, reverse body bias is also employed for realizing excellent PAE and power consumption. A three stage CMOS PA with power combiner is designed and simulated. The simulation results show that the proposed PA consumes 62.56 mW and power gain (S21) of 8.08 dB is achieved at 28 GHz. The PA achieves saturated power (Psat) of 12.62 dBm and maximum PAE of 23.74% with output 1-dB compression point (OP1dB) 10.85 dBm. These results demonstrate the proposed power amplifier architecture is suitable for 5G applications.

Kinematic variables for upper limb rehabilitation robot and correlations with clinical scales: A review Sulaiman Mazlan; Hisyam Abdul Rahman; Yeong Che Fai; Babul Salam Ksm Kader Ibrahim; Muhamad Saif Huq
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 9, No 1: February 2020
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

The paper presents a comprehensive review carried out to identify the kinematic variables used in upper body rehabilitation assisted by robotic devices to assess the motor impairment of stroke patients and investigates the correlation between the kinematic variables and the clinical scales. Twenty-nine kinematic variables have been studied from twenty-eight articles involving 738 subacute or chronic stroke patients. The movement of speed, distance, accuracy, peak speed, peak speed ratio and number of peak speed were found to be the most frequently used kinematic variables in the aforementioned studies. Seven out of twenty-eight included articles examined the correlations between the kinematic variables used with the clinical scales. Some kinematic variables seem to have a strong correlation with the clinical scales but most of the kinematic variables have a moderate or weak correlation value. The important kinematic variables for evaluating the motor performance during rehabilitation assisted by robotic devices have been discussed. A suitable selected set of kinematic variables and clinical scale can potentially enhance the correlation value, at the same time can predict the clinical score evaluated by physiotherapist during the rehabilitation program with a high degree of accuracy.

Singular value decomposition filtering in high-frame-rate cardiac vector flow imaging Michiya Mozumi; Ryo Nagaoka; Hideyuki Hasegawa
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 9, No 1: February 2020
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Dysfunction of the left ventricle (LV) weakens the cardiac function and affects the physical activity. Echocardiagraphy has been used to visualize the blood flow dynamics and to evaluate the cardiac function. However, the signal processing to suppress the clutter signals should be employed. In this study, we employed the singular value decomposition (SVD) clutter filtering to obtain the cardiac blood speckle images. We also employed the adaptive thresholding metric to determine the proper cutoff values at each phase during the cardiac cycle. Moreover, we employed a depth-dependent SVD clutter filter for more accurate estimation of the cardiac blood echo signals. The 2D blood flow velocity vectors were estimated by applying the block matching method to obtained blood speckle images. The obtained results show that the proposed filter suppressed the clutter signals from left ventricular wall significantly, and the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) was improved from -0.5 dB to 13.8 dB by the proposed SVD clutter filtering.

Design and analysis of current mirror OTA in 45 nm and 90 nm CMOS technology for bio-medical application Wan Mohammad Ehsan Aiman Wan Jusoh; Siti Hawa Ruslan
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 9, No 1: February 2020
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

This paper proposed a design and performance analysis of current mirror operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) in 45 nm and 90 nm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology for bio-medical application. Both OTAs were designed and simulated using Synopsys tools and the simulation results were analysed thoroughly. The OTAs were designed to be implemented in bio-potential signals detection system where the input signals were amplified and filtered according to the specifications. From the comparative analysis of both OTAs, the 45 nm OTA managed to produce open loop gain of 45 dB, with common mode rejection ratio (CMRR) of 93.2 dB. The 45 nm OTA produced only 1.113 μV√Hz of input referred noise at 1 Hz. The 45 nm OTA also consumed only 28.21 nW of power from ± 0.5 V supply. The low-power consumption aspect displayed by 45 nm OTA made it suitable to be implemented in bio-medical application such as bio-potential signals detection system where it can be used to amplify and filter the electrocardiogram (ECG) signals.

Analysis of analog and RF behaviors in junctionless double gate vertical MOSFET K. E. Kaharudin; Z. A. F. M. Napiah; F. Salehuddin; A. S. M. Zain; Ameer F. Roslan
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 9, No 1: February 2020
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

The prime obstacle in continuing the transistor’s scaling is to maintain ultra-shallow source/drain (S/D) junctions with high doping concentration gradient, which definitely demands an advanced and complicated S/D and channel engineering. Junctionless transistor configuration has been found to be an alternative device structure in which the junction and doping gradients could be totally eliminated, thus simplifying the fabrication process. In this paper, a process simulation has been performed to study the impact of junctionless configuration on the analog and RF behaviors of double-gate vertical MOSFET. The result proves that the performance of n-channel junctionless double-gate vertical MOSFET (n-JLDGVM) is slightly better than the junction double-gate vertical MOSFET (n-JDGVM). Junctionless device exhibits better analog behaviors as the transconductance (gm) is increased by approximately 4%. In term of RF behaviors, the junctionless device exhibits 3.4% and 7% higher cut-off frequency (fT) and gain band-width product (GBW) respectively over the junction device.

Conductor sag comparison for 132 kV overhead transmission line improvement in Malaysia H. M. Luqman; M. N. R. Baharom; N. A. M. Jamail; N. A. Othman; R. Abd. Rahman; M. F. M. Yousof; Irshad Ullah
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 9, No 1: February 2020
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

This paper presents conductor sag comparison for 132 kV overhead transmission line improvement in Malaysia. Increasing industrialization and population growth around the world demands higher electricity supply. Power generation has yet to decline but transmitting sufficient electricity to consumers is worrisome due to scarce land space occupied by rapid urbanization. Hence reconductoring method was chosen to improve existing 132 kV overhead transmission line in Malaysia. A group of selected conductors were chosen for comparison where the high temperature low sag conductor stood out the most producing up to 40% sag reduction. This paper focuses on providing conductor alternatives to improve maximum sag of lowest conductor to ground for 132 kV transmission line in Malaysia in accordance to her climate and geographical factor.

Recognition of vehicle make and model in low light conditions Aymen Fadhil Abbas; Usman Ullah Sheikh; Mohd Norzali Haji Mohd
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 9, No 2: April 2020
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

This paper presents a method for vehicle make and model recognition (MMR) in low lighting conditions. While many MMR methods exist in the literature, these methods are designed to be used only in perfect operating conditions. The various camera configuration, lighting condition, and viewpoints cause variations in image quality. In the presented method, the vehicle is first detected, image enhancement is then carried out on the detected front view of the vehicle, followed by features extraction and classification. The performance is then examined on a low-light dataset. The results show around 6% improvement in the ability of MMR with the use of image enhancement over the same recognition model without image enhancement.

Coconut shell, coconut shell activated carbon and beta-silicon carbide reinforced polymer composite: An alternative dielectric material for wireless communication application Been Seok Yew; Martini Muhamad; Saiful Bahri Mohamed; Fwen Hoon Wee
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 9, No 1: February 2020
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

The effect of coconut shell (CS), coconut shell activated carbon (CSAC) and beta-silicon carbide (β-SiC) in polymer composites was investigated. Elemental composition, surface morphologies and structural analyses of the fillers were performed using carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and sulfur (CHNS) analyser, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray Diffractometer (XRD). The dielectric properties of the composites were measured using open-ended coaxial line method. CS and CSAC fillers had positive influence on the dielectric properties (ε’, ε” and σ) of the polymer composites, contributed by the orientation polarizations arises from polar nature of the amorphous CS and CSAC fillers. β-SiC filler had insignificant influence on the dielectric properties of the polymer composites due to its single polarization of the crystalline structure filler. This finding is in agreement with XRD patterns of CS and CSAC fillers that revealed the presence of amorphous structure with broad diffraction peaks that were detected at 2ϴ=22.236°, 34.8604° and 2ϴ=23.985° and 44.015°, respectively. The amorphization structure in the polymer composites allows the displacement and conduction currents that were induced from electric field to flow through the polymer composites when subjected to electromagnetic energy, thus increased the dielectric properties of the composites.

Spiking neural network classification for spike train analysis of physiotherapy movements Fadilla ‘Atyka Nor Rashid; Nor Surayahani Suriani
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 9, No 1: February 2020
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Classifying gesture or movements nowadays become a demanding business as the technologies of sensor rose. This has enchanted many researchers to actively investigated widely within the area of computer vision. Rehabilitation exercises is one of the most popular gestures or movements that being worked by the researchers nowadays. Rehab session usually involves experts that monitored the patients but lacking the experts itself made the session become longer and unproductive. This works adopted a dataset from UI-PRMD that assembled from 10 rehabilitation movements. The data has been encoded into spike trains for spike patterns analysis. Next, we tend to train the spike trains into Spiking Neural Networks and resulting into a promising result. However, in future, this method will be tested with other data to validate the performance, also to enhance the success rate of the accuracy.

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