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Cropsaver : Journal of Plant Protection
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26215756     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The objective of the CROPSAVER Journal is to present articles containing interesting and strategic issues. This journal discusses the discussion of articles with discussion rooms in the fields of plant pests and diseases, technology for pest control, taxonomy, insect physiology, biological insects, toxicology of pesticides, settlement pests that help research, research and research.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 107 Documents
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Effect of Betel Leaf (Piper sp.) Water Extracts to Control Penicillium digitatum Causes of Green Mold in Dekopon Citrus (Citrus reticulata) Ceppy Nasahi; Ria Aghaselly Clonelin
CROPSAVER Vol 4, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v4i1.33913

Abstract

Green mold disease (Penicillium digitatum Sacc.) is one of the main problems in citrus fruits. Some studies had made use of biopesticides in treating postharvest diseases. Some studies reported that plant extracts can suppress various pathogens caused to have antifungal characteristics. One of the plants that are widely used as an extract is green betel leaf (Piper betle) and red betel (Piper ornatum).. This study aims to determine the effect of water extracts from green betel leaf  and red betel leaf in suppressing P. digitatum in dekopon citrus (Citrus reticulata Shiranui). The experiment used the experimental method of Completely Randomized Design with 7 treatments and 3 replications. The results showed that the water extracts of green betel leaf and red betel can inhibit the pathogen P. digitatum both in vitro and in vivo. The red betel leaf water extract at concentration of 10% was able to inhibit the colony diameter of P. digitatum in vitro at 43.61% and green betel lef extract at concentration of 10%  was 39.34%. The best inhibition of green water extract and red betel the diameter of green mold disease on dekopon fruit was 15.95% and 39.74%, respectively. The water extracts of green betel leaf and the red betel leaf were able to inhibit green mold disease in vivo successively was 0.52-19.62% and 17.64-52.67%. The treatment of 10% green betel water extract was able to suppress the growth of green mold disease in dekopon fruit was 19.62% and 10% red betel water extract inhibition was 19.62%.
Bioactivity of Spagneticola trilobata Flower Extract against Fall Army Worm Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith R. Arif Malik Ramadhan; Efrin Firmansyah
CROPSAVER Vol 3, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v3i2.28790

Abstract

Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is a new pest that attacks maize plantations in Indonesia. Local farmers generally use synthetic pesticides to control the pest that can cause environmental and health problems, and in the future will trigger resistance of the pest to insecticide. This study aimed to determine the potential of Sphagneticola trilobata flower extracts on mortality, larval weight, weight of food consumption, and inhibition of feeding activity in S. frugiperda larvae. The research method is completely randomized design with 6 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments consisted of control treatments, S. trilobata flower extract 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5%. Mortality, larval weights and food consumption data were analyzed using analysis of variance. The results showed that the S. trilobata flower extract at the highest concentration of 5% resulted in larval mortality of 72.22. These results indicated that the S. trilobata flower extract was not effective against S. frugiperda. However, S. trilobata extract can influence other biological aspects, such as feeding activity and growth of S. frugiperda larvae. Tratment of 5% of S. trilobata extract resulted in weight of feed comsumption of  0.123 g with inhibition of feeding activity of 66.11%, and average weight of larvae of 0.048 g that were lower than control treatment.
Effect of Concentration of Entomopathogenic Nematodes (Steinernema spp.) to Bemisia tabaci Genn. (Hemiptera; Aleyrodidae) On Red Chili Plants Toto - Sunarto; Fahira Endaningsih Pubarianto
CROPSAVER Vol 4, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v4i2.35979

Abstract

Bemisia tabaci is an important pest on red chili plants. The entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema spp. has the potential to control insect pest populations. The purpose of this study was to obtain the concentration of Steinernema spp. the most effective in controlling B. tabaci on red chili plants. The experiment was conducted at the Greenhouse, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, from January to September 2020. The study used experimental methods in-vitro and in-vivo. The in-vitro experiment used a completely randomized design to observe the mortality of B. tabaci. The in-vivo experiment used a Randomized Block Design to observe the population of B. tabaci. The experiment consisted of seven treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of: control (without Steinernema spp.), 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 IJ/ml (IJ = third infective juvenile). Each treatment was infested with 20 second nymphs B. tabaci and using red chili plants 30 days after planting. The results showed that the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema spp. at a concentration of 300 IJ/ml, the most effective in causing mortality of B. Tabaci and at concentration of 100 IJ/ml can suppress B. tabaci  population on chilli plant at lower level in 12 days after application.
Density, Distribution and Population Structure of Apple Golden Snail (Pomacea canaliculata L.) in Organic and Conventional Paddy field Ecosystems Vira Kusuma Dewi; Brinadia Solihati; Wawan kurniawan; Ceppy Nasahi; Nur Fitrianti
CROPSAVER Vol 4, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v4i2.37560

Abstract

Golden snail is one of the important pests that attack paddy crops. The structure of golden snail is divided into 3 based on the size of the shell diameter, namely juveniles (0.5-1 cm), preadults (1-2.5 cm), and adults (2.5-4 cm). The paddy cultivation system can affect the golden snail population. The purpose of this study was to determine the density, distribution and population structure of the golden snail (Pomacea canaliculata L.) with case studies in Cicalengka (conventional field) and Ciparay (organic field), District of Bandung, from October 2020-January 2021. This research used survey method with sampling technique in purposive sampling.  At each location divided into 5 fields with sized 10x5 m which were divided into 7 quadrant plots. Sampling was carried out at the age of paddy crops 14,21,28, and 35 days after planting. The observerd parameters were density, distribution pattern using the Index of Morisita (Id) and population structure of P. canaliculata. The results showed that the density of P. canaliculata in organic field was higher than in conventional field. The average population structure of pre-adult golden snails in organic and conventional rice fields was significantly different at 14-35 days after planting (DAP) and adult golden snails at 14, 28, and 35 DAP. Distribution pattern of P. canaliculata in organic and conventional were grouped.
The Effectiveness of Neem Cake (Azadirachta indica) Water Extract against Aphids (Aphis gossypii) on Red Chili Plant Lathifah Azizah; Ceppy Nasahi; Danar Dono
CROPSAVER Vol 4, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v4i2.36634

Abstract

Aphis gossypii is one of the factors that reduce chili production which acts as a pest and virus vector. This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of the application of neem cake water extract to A. gossypii on red chili plants. This research consisted of 2 experimental stages, namely in the laboratory and the greenhouse trials. The experimental design in the laboratory used a completely randomized design of neem cake water extract with treatments is A (Control), B (0.3%), C (0.6%), D (1.2%), E (2.4%), F (4.8%). Each treatment replicate 4 times. Aplication of water neem cake extract by dipping method of chilli leaf. After the leaf feed air dried, then the leaf put into plastic box and invested with 10 nymph of A. gossypii. While the experiments in the greenhouse used a randomized block design of neem cake water extract treatments were A (Control), B (LC50), C (1.5xLC50), D (2xLC50), E (2.5xLC50), F (3xLC50). The concentration of neem extract in the greenhouse experiment based on result of experiment at laboratory. Adults of A. gossypii as much as 20 were invested on every red chili plant. Application of neem cake water extract on red chili plants once every 4 days. The results showed that neem cake water extract effective to  A. Gossypii with 0.14% as LC50. Neem cake water extract at concentration of 1.5xLC50 (0.21%) was effective suppressing A. gossypii population on red chili plants.
The Abilities of Bacteria and Yeast Isolated from Vermicompost Water Extract to Inhibit Alternaria solani in vitro and Early Blight Disease on Tomato Noor Istifadah; Retno Anjani Putri; Sri Hartati
CROPSAVER Vol 4, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v4i2.37374

Abstract

Early blight disease (Alternaria solani Sor) is one of limiting factors in tomato production. Bacteria and yeast are potential for biocontrol of plant diseases.  Sources to obtain biocontrol agens is water extract of organic matters. The objective of this study was to examine the abilities of bacteria and yeast isolated from vermicompost water extract in inhibiting the growth of A. solani in vitro and suppressing the pathogen infection in tomato fruits and leaves. Two types of vermicompost used in this study were cattle manure vermicompost and goat manure vermicompost. The isolation of bacteria and yeast from the vermicompost water extract resulted in 14 isolates, which were 10 isolates from cattle manure vermicompost and four isolates from goat manure vermicompost. Among the isolates, six isolates (three yeast and three bacterial isolates) inhibited the growth of A. solani in vitro by 42.8% – 79.1%. In tomato fruits, five isolates inhibited A. solani infection by 70.6% - 100.0%.  In tomato plants, four isolates suppressed early blight disease in tomato leaves by 56.2% - 83.5%. The isolate that showed consistent effects in vitro as well as in vivo was bacterial isolate KB 3. This isolate was potential as biocontrol agent of tomato diseases caused by A. solani.
Innovation Development of Coffee Berry Borrer (Hypothenemus hampei Ferr.) Pest Control Technology and Their Effectiveness Siska Rasiska
CROPSAVER Vol 4, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v4i2.36257

Abstract

The Coffee Berry Borer (CBB) (Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari)(Coleoptera:Curculionidae:Scolytinae) is a major pest of coffee plants. It caused damage to coffee berries and economic losses for farmers. Various technologies have been carried out to control CBB, including cultural biological, chemical, and sanitation. However, of the technology control of CBB,  only a few literature that discussed the effectiveness and efficiency, both socially, economically and their impact on the environment. Thus, this paper aimed to: 1) review research CBB control technology based on characteristics; and 2) assessing the effectiveness and efficiency of the technology in controlling CBB based on compatibility, applicability, availability, safety, sustainability, affordability and economic. This study was conducted using a systematic review of the literature from the search engine Science.direct, Google.scholar, which was identified from 1996 to 2020. The search resulted showed that there were 59 articles related to CBB control technology and were divided into several types, namely 22 articles that discuss technology in cultural, 31 articles that discuss biological control, 5 articles that discuss technology chemically, and 1 articles that discusses orchard sanitation technology. CBB control technologies that are considered to have compatibility, safety, sustainability, affordability and economic are cultural, biological control and sanitation. However, if it is related to applicability and availability, cultural and sanitation can be the main choice. Many studies on biological technology showing advantages compared to other technologies, thus, biological control technology as a preventive and monitoring effort is still being developed. One of them is developing biological technology with a landscape approach.
Toxicity of Ageratum conyzoides extract against Spodoptera sp Dian Ekawati Sari; Rahmawati Arma; Bakhtiar Bakhtiar
CROPSAVER Vol 4, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v4i2.36083

Abstract

Spodoptera sp. is the main pest in food crops and horticulture that can reduce production by up to 80% Control is carried out only using chemicals that can damage the environment and impact human health. so, efforts are needed for pest control by utilizing Ageratum conyzoides extracts that are more environmentally friendly. This study aims to find out the effects of A. conyzoides extract on Spodoptera sp. pests on rice plants. The study consisted of plant extraction of A. conyzoides, rearing of Spodoptera sp. and application of A. conyzoides extract on Spodoptera sp. The concentrations used are 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3% and control. The results showed that the best treatment was obtained at concentrations of 3% and 2.5% with mortality percentages of 90% and 96.67%. The results of probit analysis obtained LC50 and LC90 concentrations of 1.59% and 2.53%, respectively, analysis at 72 hours after treament. Therefore, A. conizoides extract potential to be used for controlling Spodoptera sp.
The Effectiveness Test of Fusarium cf. solani as Bioinsecticide for Control of Brown Planthopper and Increasing Rice Productivity Wiyantono, Anton; Utami, Darini Sri; Ismangil, Ismangil
CROPSAVER Vol 5, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v5i1.39472

Abstract

The entomopathogenic fungus Fusarium cf. solani can be used to control brown planthopper. The study aim to obtain the frequency of spraying of the Fusarium cf. solani against brown planthopper at different altitudes. Experiment by planting IR 64 seedlings on plots of 4 m x 4 m, spacing of  25 cm x 25 cm, 10 tons of compost/ha, and 100 % N, P, K. The experiment was carried out with a 2 factors of RCBD. Factor I is land altitude < 100 m above sea level (P1),  100 – 500 m above sea level (P2), and > 500 m above sea level (P3). Factor II is the frequency of spraying the bioinsecticide of the Fusarium cf. solani consisting of no spraying (F0), one time (F1); and twice (F2). Each treatment was made 4 replications. Fungal bioinsecticide concentration Fusarium cf. solani used was 106 spores/ml with a dose of 300 L bioinsecticide/ha. The variables measured were intensity attack, pest population; and yield of rice. Rice yields included the number of productive tillers, fresh plant weight, dry plant weight, percentage of grain content, and soil productivity. The data were analyzed by F test and continued with Duncan's test with 95 % confidence level. The results showed that the frequency of spraying Fusarium cf. solani had no effect on the pest populations, intensity of damage, and production of rice yields. Altitude affects the pest populations, intensity of crop damage, as well as parameters of rice yields. However, there was no interaction between the spraying frequency of Fusarium cf. solani with the height of the experimental site to the experimental parameters.
In vitro evaluation of aqueous leaf and peel extracts of Musa species for low-input management of fungal leaf spots of sweet potato (Ipomea batatas Linn.) Amarachi G Nwaogu; Florence T Obani; Faith N Iheanacho; David Nwazuo Enyiukwu
CROPSAVER Vol 5, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v5i1.39519

Abstract

Sweet potatoes are important food staples in tropical sub-Saharan Africa. Orange flesh sweet potato (OFSP) varieties are especially important for combating vitamin A deficiencies and nutrition-induced blindness. Fungal leaf spots are one of the many challenges constraining its production in Umudike, Southeast, Nigeria. The aims of this experiment were to isolate the causal fungi of leaf spots of OFSP and to attempt their control using aqueous extracts of banana peels, plantain peels and plantain leaf in vitro. Mycotic agents isolated from infected plant were Verticillium longisporum, Rhizoctonia solani, Penicillium chrysogenum and Aspergillus niger. Pathogenicity test conducted on the organisms revealed that the first three pecies were actively pathogenic, with infected sweet potato showing irregular brown spots/blights surrounded by chlorotic hallo around leaf veins and margins of the laminae; while A. niger showed weak infection of the plant.  In the laboratory, four concentrations (10%, 25%, 50% and 75%) of ripe and unripe plantain peels, ripe and unripe banana peels, and senescent and new plantain leaves, griseovid® (a standard antifungal) and control (sterile water) were evaluated in vitro for inhibition of mycelial elongation of the test myco-pathogens associated with the leaf spot disease of the crop. The experiment was laid out as 3 x 4 x 8 factorial in CRD with 3 replications. The botanicals significantly (P≤0.05) and differentially retarded radial growth of the fungus over the control in a dose-dependent manner. However, the fungitoxicity of the botanicals were inferior but compared favourably with the standard antifungal griseofulvin (griseovid®).  Exploiting the potency of these readily available, cost effective and eco-friendly agro-wastes against these fungal pathogens causing leaf blight of sweet potato will not only reduce the hazards and pollution challenges associated with use of synthetic pesticides but also increase food production in developing countries where synthetic fungicides are expensive and out of reach of low-input farmers.

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