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Cropsaver : Journal of Plant Protection
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26215756     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The objective of the CROPSAVER Journal is to present articles containing interesting and strategic issues. This journal discusses the discussion of articles with discussion rooms in the fields of plant pests and diseases, technology for pest control, taxonomy, insect physiology, biological insects, toxicology of pesticides, settlement pests that help research, research and research.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 118 Documents
 8   9   10   11   12 
Toxicity Effect of A Mixture Spiked Pepper (Piper aduncum L.) And Castor Bean (Ricinus communis L.) Against Crocidolomia pavonana F. Narendra, Nathanael Dimas; Dono, Danar; Meliansyah, Rika
CROPSAVER Vol 7, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v7i2.58910

Abstract

Crocidolomia pavonana is a cabbage crops pest that cause huge losses for farmers. Spiked pepper (Piper aduncum L.) and castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) extracts are known to be used as botanical insecticides because they have toxic compounds. This study aims to evaluate the toxic effects of a mixture of spiked pepper extract and castor oil as plant based insecticides against C. pavonana larvae and assess the index combination. The study consists of toxicity tests using experimental methods with a Randomized Complete Block Design with six treatments and four replications which were analyzed using analysis of probit regression and followed by an analysis of the mixture properties. Toxicity tests were conducted using a single spiked pepper extract, a single castor oil, and a mixture of spiked pepper extract and castor oil. The concentration of single spiked pepper extract used was 0.15%; 0.27%; 0.51%; 0.94%; 1.75%; and control, then the concentration of castor oil was 0.15%; 0.25%; 0.43%; 0.73%; 1.25%; and control, then the concentration of mixture of spiked pepper extract with castor oil was 0.30%; 0.41%; 0.57%; 0.79%; 1.1%; and control with a ratio 1:1. The results of the toxicity test showed that the mixture of spiked pepper extract with castor oil was toxic with LC50 and LC95 of 0.468% and 1.364% respectively at 10 days after treatment. The results of the mixture properties analysis showed that the mixture between spiked pepper and castor oil was additive at LC50 with a Combination Index value of 0.975 and was weakly synergistic at LC95 with a Combination Index value of 0.524.
Filtrate Culture of Trichoderma, Gliocladium, Penicilium and Aspergillus flavus as Inhibitor on Downy Mildew on Maize Ilmi, Nur; Sogandi, Sogandi; Hikmahwati, Hikmahwati
CROPSAVER Vol 7, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v7i2.57771

Abstract

Controlling downy mildew caused by Perenosclerospora philipinensis in maize plants is currently dependent on the use of synthetic pesticides; therefore, it is necessary to develop biocontrol agents as a sustainable alternative control. Filtrate cultures of biocontrol agent fungi consist of antibiotics, enzymes, and secondary metabolites that are antimicrobial in nature. We conducted the research from July to August 2024 at the Plant Disease Laboratory of the Department of Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, and the Biochemistry Laboratory of the Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasanuddin University. This study had four parts: (1) identifying the morphology of biocontrol agent isolates and pathogenic fungi; (2) measuring growth diameter of antagonist fungi;(3) testing filtrate cultures for their ability to inhibit pathogens; and (4) testing filtrate cultures for their ability in vigor of sprouting on corn seeds. Based on morphological identification, the four biocontrol agent isolates are Trichoderma, Gliocladium, Penicillium, and Aspergillus flavus, with the best growth diameter on the Trichoderma, which is 8.5 cm on seven days. The filtrate cultures performed the best in the inhibition test on P. philipinensis, exhibiting spore damage percentages of 70-74%. The vigor test performed best on    Trichoderma and Aspergillus flavus, with growth potential (GP) of 100% and 63%, respectively. Filtrate culture with biological agents has good potential for P. philipinensis spore inhibition and corn seed germination.
Controlling Bactrocera spp Fruit Flies Using Several Essential Oils from Clove, Lemongrass, Citronella Grass and Eucalyptus Plants on Chili Plants (Capsicum annuum L.) Purnawan, Pupung; Hidayat, Yusup; Dono, Danar
CROPSAVER - Journal of Plant Protection Vol 8, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v8i1.62092

Abstract

Fruit flies are the main pests on chili plants. Controlling fruit flies using synthetic insecticides can leave residues that are harmful to health. An alternative control that is relatively safe for the environment and human health is to use natural pesticides such as essential oils. This study aimed to obtain essential oils that are effective in controlling fruit fly attacks on chili plants. The study used an experimental method with a randomized block design (RAK) consisting of 5 essential oil treatments, namely clove leaf oil, lemongrass oil, citronella grass oil, eucalyptus oil and clove flower oil, along with a synthetic insecticide (Deltamethrin 25 g/L) and control. The experiment was repeated 4 times. Observations were made on the intensity of fruit fly attacks on chili fruit, insecticide efficacy, its effect on natural enemies and the weight of chili fruit. The results of the experiment showed that all essential oils tested, except clove flower oil, could significantly suppress Bactrocera spp. attacks on chili plants. The lowest percentage of fruit fly attacks was found in the clove leaf oil treatment, which was 59.17%, whereas in control it reached 93,84 %. The use of essential oils including clove leaf oil did not significantly affect the population of the natural enemies, ladybug (Harmonia. axyridis) and praying mantis (Mantis religiosa). All essential oils tested, except eucalyptus oil, also did not significantly affect the population of the natural enemy spider (Araneus ventricosus). There was no significant difference in the weight of chili fruit between all treatments tested.
Pathotype Determination of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), the causal agent of Bacterial Leaf Blight and Resistance Reactions of several Rice Varieties in South Sulawesi Nurmujahidin, Nurmujahidin; Patandjengi, Baharuddin; Kuswinanti, Tutik; Darmawan, Andi Alfian
CROPSAVER - Journal of Plant Protection Vol 8, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v8i1.64089

Abstract

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB), caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), is a major disease of rice. This study aimed to determine the Xoo pathotypes present in rice-growing areas of South Sulawesi and to evaluate the resistance of selected rice varieties. The research was conducted at the Agricultural Biotechnology Research and Development Center and the Plant Pests and Diseases Laboratory, Hasanuddin University, Makassar. Xoo isolates were cultured on Wakimoto medium and inoculated using the clipping method. Five differential varieties (Kinmaze, Wase Aikoku, Tetep, Java 14, and Kogyoku) were used to classify the pathotypes, while five commercial rice varieties (Inpari 6, Ciliwung, Ciherang, IR 64, and Pioneer) were tested for resistance. Six Xoo isolates were classified into pathotypes VI, VII, VIII, and XI, with pathotype VIII being the most dominant (33.3%). Inpari 6 and Ciliwung showed resistance to all tested pathotypes. Ciherang was resistant to most pathotypes but moderately susceptible to VIII. IR 64 and Pioneer displayed varying degrees of resistance and moderate resistance. These findings highlight the presence of diverse Xoo pathotypes and identify rice varieties with broad-spectrum resistance, providing valuable information for the development of BLB management strategies suited to specific regional conditions.
Effectiveness and Efficiency of Trichoderma sp. Multiplication on Different Growing Media Irianti, Agnes Tutik Purwani; Rahayu, Sri; Ayen, Rosalina Yuliana; Oktarianti, Sherly
CROPSAVER - Journal of Plant Protection Vol 8, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v8i1.55618

Abstract

Trichoderma sp. is a fungus that plays an important role as a biological control agent, commonly mass-produced using rice and corn as media. The high cost of rice and corn can become an obstacle in the mass production of Trichoderma sp. fungus. To reduce production costs, an economical solution needs to be sought by using more affordable and readily available growth media. This study aims to test the effectiveness and efficiency of Trichoderma sp. propagation using various types of growth media. The research employed a laboratory experimental method with a completely randomized single-factor design, which is the type of media. The treatments are as follows: T1: Rice, T2: Corn, T3: Sugarcane Bagasse, T4: Bran, T5: Rice + Bran, T6: Corn + Bran, T7: Rice + Sugarcane Bagasse (1:1), T8: Corn + Sugarcane Bagasse (1:1), T9: Rice + Sugarcane Bagasse + Bran (1:1:1), T10: Corn + Sugarcane Bagasse + Bran (1:1:1). Each treatment consisted of three replications. Furthermore, to determine the effect of treatments on the observed variables, analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed using an F-test at a significance level of 5% and 1%. The results showed that the type of propagation medium had a highly significant effect on the density and viability of Trichoderma sp. conidia. The most effective medium for Trichoderma sp. propagation, in terms of conidia density, was treatment T8 (3.27 x 10^9), while in terms of conidia viability, the most effective treatment was T2 (96.80%). The most efficient treatment for propagating Trichoderma sp. was T4 (Bran medium).
Inhibition of the In Vitro Growth of Colletotrichum sp. the Cause of Anthracnose on Avocado Fruit by Yeast Hartati, Sri; Rahmah, Syifa Aulia; Nasahi, Ceppy
CROPSAVER - Journal of Plant Protection Vol 8, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v8i1.63318

Abstract

Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum sp. is a major disease on  avocado fruit. An alternative to control this post harvest disease is by using biocontrol agents, such as yeasts. The research was objected to test the abilities of three yeast isolates i.e. Aureobasidium pullulans Dmg 11 DEP, Rhodotorulla minuta Dmg 16 BE and Candida tropicalis Lm 13 BE, to inhibit the in vitro growth of Colletotrichum sp. The experiment was arranged in the completely randomized design consisting of five treatments that were repeated four times each. The treatments were dual culture and double dish system of the culture of Colletotrichum sp. vs the yeast isolates as follow A. pullulans Dmg 11 DEP, R. minuta Dmg 16 BE, C. tropicalis Lm 13 BE, fungicide mancozeb, and a control. The results showed that the three yeast isolates were able to inhibit the colony growth of Colletotrichum sp. by 19,9% – 56,10%  on the dual culture and 15,56% – 26,08% on the double dish system. The yeasts caused abnormal growth of the Colletotrichum sp. hyphae, such as swollen, curly, rolled, and lysis. A. pullulans Dmg 11 DEP caused the highest inhibition, with the category of strong antifungal activity on dual culture, and moderate on double dish system.  It was concluded that the three yeast isolates have the ability to inhibit the in vitro growth of Colletotrichum sp. the caused of  anthracnose on avocado fruit.
Evaluation Behavior of Highland Vegetable Farmers on West Bandung Regency To Use Good Pesticide Practices Rasiska, Siska; Sudarjat, Sudarjat; Dono, Danar; Suganda, Tarkus; Setiawan, Iwan
CROPSAVER - Journal of Plant Protection Vol 8, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v8i1.62005

Abstract

Synthetic pesticides are one of the pest control substances most widely used by highland vegetable farmers, including insecticides and fungicides. This research aims to evaluate the use of pesticides by highland vegetable farmers in Lembang and Cisarua Districts, West Bandung Regency. The methods used in this research are surveys and observations. Interviews using questionnaires were conducted with 90 highland vegetable farmers, in-depth interviews with extension workers and exporter institutions. Secondary data was obtained from the horticultural crop agriculture service and the Agriculture, Fisheries, and Forestry Extension Center. These data were analyzed descriptively regarding the knowledge, awareness, and skills of highland vegetable farmers in using pesticides. The results of the research show that highland vegetable farmers in Lembang and Cisarua Districts, West Bandung Regency, know the information on labels, especially dosage, target pests, method of application, and type of plant, also know the function of pesticides, dangers, prohibitions on disposing of pesticide waste, and the reasons. Farmers know the SOP for pesticide use from promotional materials, and direct training, as well as from extension workers. Farmers buy and use their own pesticides at agricultural shops, considering the target organisms and efficacy based on information from fellow farmers. Farmers mix two types of pesticides with water as a solvent,  put it first in a bucket, and stir with a stirrer. Pesticides are applied at 10.00-15.00 until they are finished, then wash the hands. Pesticides are stored in a locked place, such as a warehouse, and out of reach of children, and the packaging is burned. Farmers need to be given counseling and training on the correct SOPs, starting from preparation to handling spray equipment and waste.
Antagonistic Activity of Endophytic Bacterial Consortia Against Helminthosporium oryzae Breda de Haan, The Causal Agent of Brown Spot Disease in Rice Resti, Zurai; Nurbailis, Nurbailis; Fauzia, Afifa
CROPSAVER - Journal of Plant Protection Vol 8, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v8i2.67906

Abstract

Helminthosporium oryzae is a pathogen responsible for rice damage and losses of up to 45%. A consortium of endophytic bacteria as a biological agent is one of alternative and eco-friendly ways to suppress the development of plant pathogenic fungi. This research aimed to obtain an endophytic bacterial consortium capable of inhibiting the growth of H. oryzae. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) to investigate the efficacy of a consortium of six endophytic bacteria, alongside a control group, with three replications. The treatments included A (control), B (Serratia marcescens ULG1E4; Serratia marcescens JB1E3), C (Bacillus sp. HI; Serratia marcescens JB1E3), D (Bacillus sp. HI; Bacillus sp. SJI; Serratia marcescens JB1E3), E (Serratia marcescens ULG1E4; Serratia marcescens JB1E3; Serratia marcescens JB1E2), F (Bacillus sp. HI; Bacillus sp. SJI), and G (Bacillus sp. SJI; Serratia marcescens ULG1E4). The ability of endophytic bacterial consortia to suppress the growth of H. oryzae was evaluated utilizing dual culture and poisoned media techniques. The parameters observed were the inhibitory capacity of endophytic bacterial consortia, the inhibitory potential of secondary metabolites produced by the endophytic bacterial consortia, as well as the fresh weight and dry weight of the fungus. The results showed that treatment G (Bacillus sp. SJI; Serratia marcescens ULG1E4), B (S. marcescens ULG1E4; Serratia marcescens JB1E3), and E (Serratia marcescens ULG1E4; Serratia marcescens JB1E3; Serratia marcescens JB1E2), had a high ability to suppress the growth of H. oryzae with suspension inhibition 61,28%, 62,93%, 63,55%, and secondary metabolites inhibition rates of 96,93%, 94,21%, 97,60%.
Eficacy of Paenibacillus sp. Using seed treatment for controlling Bacterial Leaf Blight Caused by Xanthomonas sp. in Rice Plants Al Rahmad, Nirmala Putri; Purnawati, Arika; Prasetyawati, Endang Triwahyu
CROPSAVER - Journal of Plant Protection Vol 8, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v8i2.65040

Abstract

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the important food commodities consumed by the Indonesian people. One of the reasons for the decline in rice production is infection by the pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) which causes bacterial leaf blight (BLB) and it’s seed-borne pathogen. The purpose of the experiment is to to evaluate the effectiveness of seed soaking using Paenibacillus sp. to control BLB in rice plants. Efforts to control BLB and improve rice plant growth were carried out by seed treatment using biocontrol agent has potential as biological control for BLB in rice plants by producing antibiotic. This experiment used a Completely Randomized Design with 4 treatments (control, Paenibacillus sp., Bacillus sp. BTH22, Paenibacillus polymyxa) and 5 replications. Data analysis was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a 5% significance level using IBM SPSS Statistics version 22 software. If the analysis results showed significant differences between treatments, an Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test was performed at the 5% level. The research results showed that seed soaking using Paenibacillus sp. was able to reduce the incubation period of HDB disease by up to 11 days, with the lowest disease attack intensity being 10.21%, the highest seed germination rate being 91.25%, and an efficacy level of 53.32%.
An Analysis of the Impact of Famers’ Practices on Pesticide Residue Levels in Chili Pepper Commodities in West Java Rusydan, Muhammad Ardillah; Dono, Danar; Sudarjat, Sudarjat
CROPSAVER - Journal of Plant Protection Vol 8, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v8i2.68685

Abstract

Chili plants are highly susceptible to infestations by various Plant Pest Organisms (OPT) such as fruit flies, thrips, leaf-eating caterpillars, and fruit borers, as well as diseases like anthracnose, root rot, and leaf spot. To manage these threats, most farmers still rely on synthetic chemical pesticides. Improper pesticide application—particularly in terms of dosage and frequency—can lead to pesticide residues on harvested crops and pose risks to both the environment and human health. This study aims to analyze farmers' behavior in pesticide use and to measure pesticide residue levels in chili samples collected from three major production centers in West Java: Arjasari, Lembang, and Garut. A mixed-method approach combining qualitative interviews and quantitative High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis was used to evaluate six active pesticide ingredients. The results showed that most farmers applied pesticides beyond the recommended dosage and frequency. Residues of chlorothalonil and broflanilide were detected in the samples, with concentrations exceeding the Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs). These findings highlight the urgent need for education and stricter oversight regarding pesticide application practices among farmers.

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