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Pandecta
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Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
Terbit dua kali setahun bulan Januari dan Juli. Berisi tulisan yang diangkat dari hasil penelitian dan kajian analitis kritis di bidang Ilmu Hukum
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Search results for , issue "Vol 15, No 2 (2020): December" : 30 Documents clear
Local Autonomy and Federalism: How Indonesia Deal with Democracy in the Global Governance? Rodiyah, Rodiyah; Arifin, Ridwan; Steven, Steven
Pandecta Research Law Journal Vol 15, No 2 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/pandecta.v15i2.23268

Abstract

Most countries in the world choose the form of Federal state or Unity within organizing a government. The selection of this form of state based on political, s­ocial will include the culture and history of a country. Each form of this country has advantages and disadvantages. The Unitary State emphasizes the administration of government in the government centers and regions in the province do not have extensive autonomy in managing their regions. Unlike the Federal State, where the position of the Federal State and the State are equal. The concept of federalism has been applied in many countries. The state is given the widest possible autonomy to take care of their area. Regional autonomy aims to improve community service, develop democratic life, and encourage the community empowerment to foster creativity. Regional autonomy also has a positive impact and a negative impact on the region. This paper intends to analyze the concept of federalism and regional autonomy with practical analysis in Indonesia.
Efektifitas Pengaturan dan Pengawasan Bisnis Financial Technology (Peer to Peer Lending) di Indonesia Benuf, Kornelius; Agus Priyono, Ery; Mahmudah, Siti; Badriyah, Siti Malikhatun; Rahmanda, Bagus; Soemarmi, Amiek
Pandecta Research Law Journal Vol 15, No 2 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/pandecta.v15i2.21777

Abstract

In the industrial era 4.0 as it is now, the ease and speed of getting something are highly sought after, including the ease and speed of obtaining financial services. Financial Technology (Fintech) is a digital commercial service that offers and provides convenience and speed of financial services. The emergence of Fintech certainly makes it easy for people to get financial assistance. But as a state of law, Indonesia must regulate Fintech's business practices. Including the implementation of Fintech's business, it must be controlled and monitored by existing laws in Indonesia, not just stopping the formation of the rules, but also must be ensured that the rules apply effectively. This study aims to describe the basis for Fintech's business arrangements in Indonesia and will explain the effectiveness of the regulation in society. The writing method used is normative juridical, with a statutory approach, using secondary data by analyzing primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. Based on the research results, it is known that in Indonesia, Fintech's business is regulated by three institutions, namely the Ministry of Communication and Information, Bank Indonesia, and the Financial Services Authority. Regarding the effectiveness of the rules regarding the implementation of Fintech in Indonesia has not been going well because there are still shortages both in terms of legal structure, a legal substance, and legal culture.
Analisis Kritis Terhadap Kebijakan Percepatan Investasi Dan Kemudahan Berusaha di Era Otonomi Daerah Nugroho, Aziz Widhi; Tyesta Addy, Lita; Wardhani, Listya
Pandecta Research Law Journal Vol 15, No 2 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/pandecta.v15i2.21094

Abstract

The government is pushing for an increase in the pace of investment by organizing the Investment Award activities in 2018. The Wonogiri Regency Government shows proud results with the ISO 9001: 2015 rating, this has an impact on the investment rates that are being applied by the region for anyone who wants to contribute to investing in Wonogiri. Pro investment policies that have been proven by the district government need to be accompanied by improved regulations that do not hamper the rate of investors investing in Wonogiri. Regulations that are more easily supported by the OSS (Online Single Submissions) system, should make it easier for businesses to try in Wonogiri. This is important in order to increase employment opportunities and Regional Original Revenues which affect development, both physical and non-physical aspects. Adequate infrastructure development can increase economic growth that can increase investors entering Wonogiri. This study uses normative juridical with the consideration that the starting point of research analysis of laws and regulations that open opportunities for mal administration. The plan, prepared by the government, will add locations for the designation of industrial estates, which in total number 14 sub-districts. This needs to be prepared carefully related to the place that is intended for the industrial zone in order to attract foreign and local investors.
Model Pencegahan Tindak Pidana Terorisme Berbasis Adat Dalihan Na Tolu di Tapanuli Selatan Harahap, Anwar Sadat; Siregar, Taufik
Pandecta Research Law Journal Vol 15, No 2 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/pandecta.v15i2.24678

Abstract

Beberapa tahun terakhir telah sering terdengar melalui media elektronik tentang tindakan terorisme di Indonesia. Tindak terorisme ini muncul, karena selain kurang tegas, adil dan bermanfaatnya materi pengaturan hukum tentang pencegahan tindak terorisme, juga disebabkan oleh kurang diberdayakannya potensi masyarakat adat dalam mencegah tindak terorisme. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Pencegahan tindak pidana terorisme berdasarkan adat Dalihan na Tolu di Tapanuli Selatan dilakukan dengan aturan yang tercantum dalam: Filosofi adat adat Dalihan na Tolu, Sipaingot, Tutur dan Uhum dohot Patik 2) Jenis sanksi yang dikenakan kepada teroris: Sappal Dila, Dibondarkon, Dipaorot sian Marga, Dipaulak Salipi Natartar, dan Uhum Hatoban. Various criminal acts of terrorism continue to occur in Indonesia; even the numbers increase from year to year. These various acts of terrorism have arisen because, in addition to being less assertive, the legal provisions concerning the prevention of terrorist acts. Besides, the lack of involvement of indigenous peoples in preventing acts of terrorism as regulated in Article 43B paragraph (4) of Law Number 5 the Year 2018. This study aims to determine the role of Dalihan na Tolu adat in the prevention of criminal acts of terrorism. The research method used is empirical legal research methods. Prevention of criminal acts of terrorism carried out through the rules stated in philosophy, Sipaingot, Tutur, and Uhum dohot Poda. Then the traditional leaders' strategy in preventing the crime of terrorism is done by Providing examples of exemplary, Providing duties in maintaining security and order, Involving the community in every customary activity, and presenting children in customary activities. Furthermore, the types of sanctions imposed on terrorism offenders are: Dibondarkon sanctions (not involved in traditional activities), Sappal Dila sanctions (inviting people to eat in the same village), Dipaorot sian Huta sanctions (issued from villages), Dipaorot sian Marga sanctions (issued from the Marga), sanctions Diapaulak Salipi Natartar (returned to the communal land).
Berdamai dengan Para Pencuri (As-Sulhu sebagai Cara Penyelesaian Pencurian di Batang Kumu) Salma, Salma; Najuddin, Ritonga; Yunita, Masna
Pandecta Research Law Journal Vol 15, No 2 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/pandecta.v15i2.24299

Abstract

Pencurian adalah kejahatan universal dan dihukum berat para pelakunya dalam setiap komunitas masyarakat. Hukum Islam menjelaskan bahwa pencurian termasuk kategori hudud dengan hukuman tertinggi potong tangan. Berbeda dengan Indonesia, pencuri dihukum dengan hukuman penjara dan tertinggi dengan hukuman mati seperti yang dijelaskan dalam pasal 362-367 KUHP. Di wilayah Batang Kumu, Riau kasus pencurian tidak diselesaikan oleh kepolisian tetapi diselesaikan secara adat oleh para tetua dengan mendamaikan kedua pihak dan di dalamnya terlibat kepolisian. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian lapangan dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam dengan para pencuri, korban pencurian, tetua adat, perwakilan masyarakat dan ulama lokal. Data juga dikumpulkan melalui studi dokumen dan akhirnya data dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan menggunakan teknik reduksi, display dan verifikasi (penarikan kesimpulan). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cukup banyak kasus pencurian yang terjadi di wilayah Batang Kumu. Pencurian itu dilakukan oleh warga sekitar Batang Kumu, sehingga Kepala Desa mengeluarkan imbauan yang berisi tentang peringatan dan ancaman adat bagi orang yang mencuri. Kasus-kasus pencurian diselesaikan melalui perdamaian dan tetua agama dan adat menjadi mediator atau juru perdamaian antara orang yang mencuri dan korban pencurian serta disaksikan oleh sebagian warga masyarakat. Model perdamaian itu bisa dibenarkan dalam konsep as-sulhu karena pencurian sebagai bagian dari hudud bisa dimaafkan selama kasus itu belum sampai pada pihak berwenang. Uniknya, di antara hukuman adat yang diberikan adalah hukuman kurungan setidaknya selama satu minggu di tahanan kepolisian atas nama pinjaman polisi kepada para tetua adat. Theft is a universal crime and severely punished by the perpetrators in every community. Islamic law explains that the theft is one of the hudud categories with the severest punishment for cutting hand. Meanwhile, in Indonesia, a thief is sentenced to imprisonment, and the severest punishment is a death penalty, as described in articles 362-367 of the Criminal Code (KUHP). In the Batang Kumu area, Riau Province, the theft cases were not resolved by the law but were resolved customarily by reconciling the two parties and involved police institutions. The field research used in-depth interviews with thieves, victims of the theft, religious elders, and community representatives. Data collected through document studies. The results showed that there were a quite number of theft cases occurred in the Batang Kumu area. The theft was carried out by residents around Batang Kumu, so the village head issued an appeal containing warnings and common threats for theft. The theft cases resolved peacefully. Religious and customary elders have become mediators or peacekeepers between victims and the thief (s). Some people of the community witnessed the reconciliations. The model of reconciliation justified as a sulhu concept.  Theft is part of hudud, and forgiven is possible as long as it has not reached the police office yet. Uniquely, one of the customary punishments which sentence of imprisonment at least one week in police custody in the name of a police loan to the traditional elders.
Tinjauan Kebijakan Pidana terhadap Martabat Presiden dan/atau Wakil Presiden dalam RKUHP Prayogo, Wemby Adhiatma Satrio
Pandecta Research Law Journal Vol 15, No 2 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/pandecta.v15i2.22402

Abstract

Penghinaan terhadap Kepala Negara atau Presiden dan/atau Wakil Presiden kembali dihadirkan dalam rancangan kitab undang-undang hukum pidana versi Agustus 2019. Tentu hal ini menimbulkan kegamangan atas ketentuan tersebut yang sebelumnya pernah dicabut melalui proses negative legislation oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam putusan No. 13-22/PUU-IV/2006. Melalui riset ini penulis menitik beratkan tinjauan pada konsep kriminalisasi kejahatan dan konsep pidana serta pemidanaan yang dirumuskan pada pasal tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa selain kriminalisasi tindak pidana penghinaan presiden dan/atau wakil presiden sudah tidak relevan dengan kondisi saat ini disertai dengan  alasan hukumnya, konsep pidana pada pasal  tersebut juga tidak selaras dengan 4 (empat) misi pembentukan hukum pidana nasional yaitu misi dekolonialisasi hukum pidana, demokratisasi hukum pidana, konsolidasi hukum pidana, dan adaptasi serta harmonisasi hukum pidana terhadap berbagai perkembangan baru dibidang hukum pidana. Konsep pemidanaan yang dituangkan juga jauh dari semangat restorative justice sebagai tujuan pemidanaan. The defamation to the President and Vice President represented in the criminal law draft in August 2019. This criminalization created uncertainty over the provision that had previously been revoked through the Constitutional Court's negative legislation in the ruling No. 13-22 / PUU-IV / 2006. This study reviews the concept of criminalization and the concept of crime and punishment formulated in the article. This study concludes that criminal acts that insult the President or vice president are no longer relevant to the current conditions. The criminal concept in the article is also not in line with the 4 (four) missions for the formation of national criminal law. They are the decolonization, democratization, consolidation of criminal, and adaptation and harmonization of criminal law. The concept of punishment also far from the spirit of restorative justice as a goal of punishment.
Deviasi Hukum dan Moral dalam Sistem Regulasi dan Pelayanan Badan Pelaksana Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan Daming, Saharuddin
Pandecta Research Law Journal Vol 15, No 2 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/pandecta.v15i2.23932

Abstract

Kesehatan merupakan kebutuhan dasar sekaligus menjadi bagian penting dari hak asasi manusia yang harus dipenuhi oleh negara. Karena itu, pasal 3 Undang-Undang Nomor 36 tahun 2009 mengamanatkan bahwa pemerintah harus mewujudkan derajat kesehatan masyarakat setinggi-tingginya sebagai investasi bagi pembangunan sumber daya manusia yang produktif secara sosial dan ekonomis. Sistem jaminan sosial nasional merupakan program negara yang bertujuan memberikan kepastian perlindungan dan kesejahteraan sosial bagi seluruh rakyat sebagaimana diamanatkan dalam Pasal 28H ayat (1), ayat (2), dan ayat (3) dan Pasal 34 ayat (1) dan ayat (2) Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Selain itu, dalam Ketetapan Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat Nomor X/MPR/2001, Presiden ditugaskan untuk membentuk sistem jaminan sosial nasional dalam rangka memberikan perlindungan sosial bagi masyarakat yang lebih menyeluruh dan terpadu. Untuk maksud tersebut, lahirlah Undang-undang No 40 tahun 2004 Tentang Sistem Jaminan Sosial Nasional, disusul Undang-undang No 24 tahun 2011 Tentang Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial. Berdasarkan regulasi tersebut, maka Negara melalui Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan sosial akan mengoptimalkan layanan sebaik-baiknya demi terwujudnya pemenuhan hak kesehatan bagi masyarakat. Karena itu tulisan ini akan meneliti bentuk deviasi dalam sistem layanan yang menghambat optimalisasi dalam melaksanakan pemenuhan hak kesehatan bagi masyarakat, selain itu, juga mengkaji perbandingan antara sistem layanan dalam Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial kesehatan dengan asuransi kesehatan pada umumnya.Health is a basic need as well as an important part of human rights that must be fulfilled by the state. Therefore, article 3 of Law Number 36 of 2009 mandates that the government must realize the highest degree of public health as an investment for the development of socially and economically productive human resources.  National social security system is a state program that aims to provide certainty of protection and social welfare for all people as mandated in Article 28H paragraph (1), paragraph (2), and paragraph (3) and Article 34 paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. In addition, in the Decree of the People's Consultative Assembly Number X / MPR / 2001, the President was assigned to establish a national social security system in order to provide a more comprehensive and integrated social protection for the people.For this purpose, Law No. 40 of 2004 concerning the National Social Security System was born, followed by Law No. 24 of 2011 concerning Social Security Organizing Bodies. Based on these regulations, the State through Social Security Organizing Bodies for health will optimize the best possible services for the realization of the fulfillment of the right to health for the community. Therefore this paper will examine the form of deviations in the service system that inhibits the optimization in implementing the fulfillment of the right to health for the community, in addition, it also examines the comparison between the service system in the health Social Security Organizing Bodies with health insurance in general
Penghindaran Pajak Dalam Diskursus Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang Arifki, Nindi Achid; Azmi, Ilima Fitri
Pandecta Research Law Journal Vol 15, No 2 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/pandecta.v15i2.18667

Abstract

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tindakan penghindaran pajak terhadap ketentuan formil tindak pidana pencucian uang secara yuridis. Penghindaran Pajak sendiri merupakan subsistem pada objek Tindak Pidana Pajak yang pada dasarnya dapat menimbulkan kerugian pada pendapatan negara sebagaimana tercantum dalam peraturan perpajakan. Kerugian pada pendapatan negara merupakan bagian dari konsep kerugian keuangan negara baik yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Tindak Pidana Korupsi maupun dalam lingkup Hukum Keuangan Negara. Adanya kerugian pada pendapatan negara dalam tindak pidana perpajakan memunculkan suatu diskursus terkait peruntukan atas hasil kerugian pendapatan negara oleh pelaku Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang (TPPU). Menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan penelusuran preskripsi doktrinal serta pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji penghindaran pajak dalam diskursus tindak pidana pencucian uang pada konstruksi hukum tindak pidana pajak sebagai Predicate Crime. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh adalah menempatkan kegiatan penghindaran pajak sebagai kegiatan yang berhubungan dengan tindak pidana pajak dan TPPU karena 2 argumen pokok yaitu sifat dan bentuk dari penghindaran pajak, selain itu dalam penegakan hukum TPPU dan Tindak Pidana Pajak dalam prosesnya menggunakan asas concursus realis dalam memaknai Predicate Crime dan Derivatif Crime. This article aims to study tax avoidance towards formal requirements of money laundering crime juridically. Tax Avoidance is a subsystem on the object of Tax Crimes, which basically can cause losses to state revenues as stated in tax regulations. Losses on state revenues are part of the concept of loss of state finances, whether regulated in the Corruption Act or within the scope of State Finance Law. The loss of state income in tax crimes raises a discourse regarding the allocation of the results of a loss of state income by the perpetrators of Money Laundering (TPPU). Using the normative juridical method using the search for doctrinal prescriptions and the Statute approach, this paper attempts to examine tax avoidance in the discourse of money laundering in the legal construction of tax crimes as the Predicate Crime. The conclusion obtained is to place tax avoidance activities as activities related to tax crime and TPPU because of two main arguments, namely the nature and form of tax avoidance, in addition to the TPPU law enforcement and Tax Crime in the process using the realist concursus principle in interpreting the Predicate Crime and Derivative Crime. 
Kebijakan Kriminal Non Penal Dengan Techno Prevention (Analisis Pencegahan Konten Negatif melalui Internet) Wulandari, Cahya
Pandecta Research Law Journal Vol 15, No 2 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/pandecta.v15i2.23650

Abstract

The rapid development of information technology, especially related to the use of the internet, having a positive and negative impact. The negative impact of the use of technological developments and the spread of negative content encourages a non-criminal criminal policy through techno prevention. The use of various internet programs and applications that have been created by Kemenkominfo become one form of non-criminal policy through efforts to use techno prevention in overcoming the spread of negative content. Techno prevention forms include Internet Sehat dan Aman (INSAN), Internet Cerdas Kreatif dan Produktif (INCAKAP), software Whitelist Nusantara, Family Link application, YouTube Kids, Dinner Time, MamaBear, Bandwidth throttling, and a number of say no to hoax fanpage and discussion groups, Trend Micro Online Guardian, YouDiligence, Avira Social Network Protection and STOPit.  Pesatnya perkembangan teknologi informasi khususnya terkait dengan penggunaan internet selain memberikan dampak positif juga memberi dampak negatif. Dampak negatif dari penggunaan perkembangan teknologi dan adanya penyebaran konten negatif mendorong suatu kebijakan kriminal non penal melalui techno prevention. Penggunaan berbagai program dan aplikasi internet yang telah diciptakan oleh Kemenkominfo menjadi salah satu bentuk kebijakan kriminal non penal melalui upaya penggunaan techno prevention dalam penanggulangan penyebaran konten negatif. Bentuk techno prevention diantaranya, program Internet Sehat dan Aman (INSAN), Internet Cerdas Kreatif dan Produktif (INCAKAP), software Whitelist Nusantara, aplikasi Family Link, YouTube Kids, Dinner Time, MamaBear, Bandwidth throttling, dan sejumlah fanpage dan grup diskusi anti hoax, Trend Micro Online Guardian, YouDiligence, Avira Social Network Protection dan STOPit.
Penataan Ruang dan Peran Masyarakat dalam Pembangunan Wilayah Sinaga, Edward James
Pandecta Research Law Journal Vol 15, No 2 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/pandecta.v15i2.23717

Abstract

Indonesia memiliki wilayah daratan dan lautan yang sangat luas, untuk itu perlu dilakukan penataan agar dapat dimanfaatkan sebesar-besarnya untuk kemakmuran rakyat. Pemerintah Indonesia telah membuat Undang-undang Nomor 26 Tahun 2007 tentang Penataan Ruang. Namun masyarakat masih kurang peduli dan belum memahami esensi penataan ruang. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan hukum normatif untuk menjelaskan berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku berkaitan dengan penataan ruang dan peran masyarakat, serta upaya yang harus dilakukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peraturan perundang-undangan atau kebijakan yang dikeluarkan oleh pemerintah telah memberikan peran bagi masyarakat secara optimal, dan komprehensif terhadap keterlibatan masyarakat. Reforma agraria dikatakan berhasil jika dapat mempersempit jurang kesenjangan antar kelas dan antar sektor. Reforma agraria yang dijalankan pemerintah bergantung pada tingkat respons terhadap penataan ruang dan peran masyarakat. Upaya yang perlu dilakukan dalam meningkatkan peran masyarakat dalam perencanaan tata ruang, antara lain dengan mempersiapkan peraturan yang lebih operasional, berupa pedoman pelibatan peran masyarakat dalam penataan ruang yang lebih teknis dan rinci, serta mudah dipahami. Indonesia has vast land and sea area, so it is necessary to arrange it to be utilized as much as possible for prosperity. Indonesia has enacted Law Number 26 /2007 on Spatial Planning. However, the public still does not care and understand it. The research uses a normative legal approach to explain various applicable laws and regulations relating to spatial planning and the community's roles. The implementation of regional spatial planning is inseparable from the role of land stewardship, which is a sub-system of spatial planning in realizing spatial plans for the benefit of the community somewhat. Spatial planning carried out by the government depends on the level of response and the role of the community. Efforts that need to enhance the role of the community in spatial planning, among others, are by preparing more operational regulations, in the form of guidelines for involving the community's role in spatial planning that is more technical and detailed, and easy to understand.

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