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Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25031899     DOI : https://doi.org/10.15294/jtsp
Core Subject : Engineering,
Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan (JTSP) is a scientific journal which biannualy published in April and October. We firstly published in 1999 as national journal of Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Semarang. In 2016, JTSP was indexed in DOAJ with Green Tick critera. And in 2018, JTSP expands its range of article quality and publication through publishing English-language articles.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 774 Documents
Analysis of Strengths of Reinforced Concrete Beam Structures with CFRP Sheet Using Abaqus Software 6.14 Yasir, Ahmad; Effendi, Mahmud Kori; Taveriyanto, Arie; Apriyatno, Henry
Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan Vol 21, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jtsp.v21i1.19364

Abstract

Abstract. Concrete beams are parts of a structure that serves as a channeling moment to the column structure. The structure of the beam which has undergone yielding reinforcement must be repaired. One of the beam repairs that can be done is by providing reinforcement using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) sheets. The reinforcement structure modeling and analysis were carried out using the Abaqus software. There are two types of modeling, those were laboratory test beam modeled with Abaqus (BPA) and reinforced beam using CFRP (BPC). The beam structure analysis using Abaqus software showed that BPA beam experiences a first crack when the load is 5311.96 lbs with a 0.08 inch displacement, while the BPC-2 beam is first cracked at a load of 5019.93 lbs with a 0.10 inch displacement. The BPA beam experiences an ultimate when the load was 12620.84 lbs with a 0.64-inch displacement, while the BPC-2 beam experiences ultimate when the load was 12403.48 lbs with a displacement of 0.60 inch. The type of crack pattern in both beam models is the type of bending crack.
PERILAKU LENTUR BALOK-L BETON BERTULANG BERLUBANG DITINJAU SECARA EKSPERIMEN DAN ANALISIS NUMERIK MEMAKAI SOFTWARE GID-ATENA Kori Effendi, Mahmud
Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan Vol 12, No 2 (2010): Jurnal Teknik Sipil & Perencanaan
Publisher : Semarang State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jtsp.v12i2.1345

Abstract

Abstract:.Investigation on behavior of openings-beam reinforced concrete with the variation type of sided  is  conducted  experimentally  and  numerical  analytically  using  GID-ATENA  software.  Used specimens  were  reinforced  concrete  L-shaped  beam  designed  with  ultimate  load  2600  N  and having tension reinforcement 2D13 with roll and hinge support. Beam had 2 m span, 150 mm web width, 250 mm high, effective 317 mm width and slab 100 mm  thick,. To differentiate behavior of openings, a specimen without openings ( BLK01), a specimen with openings 100 mm x 100 mm ( BLKLB01), a specimen with openings 200 mm x 100 mm ( BLKLB02) were made. An opening was 150 mm  from  right support. Pure moment was done with  load 650 mm  from support. To compare experiment,  3D  model  GID-ATENA  was  analyzed.  The  material  model  of  concrete  was CCCOMBINEDMATERIAL  and  CC1DELASTLSOTROPIC  for  reinforcement.  This  analysis  used geometric  and material  non  linear  analyses.Result  of GID-ATENA  analysis  indicate  that  the  first crack load were less than 42-62 %, ultimate load were less than 33-47%, mid-span displacement at first crack load were less than 55-86%, and mid-span displacement at ultimate load were less than 45-70% compared  to  the experiment  result. First crack pattern of BLK01 occured  in  the mid-span while  BLKLB01  and  BLKLB02  occurred  below  the  hole. Result  of  analysis GID-ATENA  get  the different result of its first crack pattern. Keywords: openings-beam, L-shaped beam, GID-ATENA   Abstrak:  Pengamatan  perilaku  balok  beton  bertulang  berlubang  di  badan  dengan  variasi  entuk persegi panjang   dilakukan  secara eksperimen. Benda  uji  yang digunakan adalah  balok  L  beton bertulang  yang  dirancang  dengan  beban  2600  N  dan  menghasilkan  tulangan  tunggal  2D13 dengan  tumpuan sendi dan  rol. Balok mempunyai bentang 2 m,  lebar web 150 mm,  tinggi 250 mm, tebal slab 100 mm, lebar efektif 317 mm. Untuk mengetahui perilaku lubang di badan maka dibuat  benda  uji  balok  tanpa  lubang  (BLK01),  balok  dengan  lubang  100  mm  x  100  mm (BLKLB01),  balok  dengan  lubang  200 mm  x  100 mm  (BLKLB02).  Jarak  lubang  150 mm  dari tumpuan kanan. Masing2 benda uji 1 buah. Untuk mengetahui kapasitas beban maksimum yang ditahan  balok,  balok  dites  lentur murni  dengan  jarak  beban  titik  650 mm  dari  tumpuan.  Hasil analisis GID-ATENA menunjukkan bahwa beban retak balok pertama lebih kecil 42-62 %, beban ultimit balok lebih kecil 33-47%, lendutan tengah bentang pada beban retak pertama lebih kecil 55-86%,  dan  lendutan  tengah  bentang  pada  beban  ultimit  lebih  kecil  45-70%  terhadap  hasil eksperimen. Pola retak pertama balok BLK01 terjadi di tengah bentang sedangkan BLKLB01 dan BLKLB02  terjadi di bawah  lubang. Hasil analisis GID-ATENA mendapatkan hasil yang berbeda pola retak pertamanya. Kata Kunci: Balok lubang, Balok L, GID-ATENA
STABILISASI TANAH GAMBUT RAWAPENING DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN CAMPURAN PORTLAND CEMENT DAN GYPSUM SINTESIS (CaSO42H2O) DITINJAU DARI NILAI CALIFORNIA BEARING RATIO (CBR) Nugroho, Untoro
Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan Vol 10, No 2 (2008): Jurnal Teknik Sipil & Perencanaan
Publisher : Semarang State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jtsp.v10i2.6958

Abstract

Peat soil have the nature which not to the advantage of construction. This matter because bearing capacity or value of peat soil’s CBR low. Chemistry stabilization with stabilization materials (stabilizing agent) which can changed or lessen unfavourable nature, usually accompanied with cordage to each solid soil. Mixture between portland cement and gypsum sintetis ( Caso42H2O) fastening and ossification each other. This research is done to know influence of addition portland cement 5% and gypsum sintetis ( 0%, 5%, 10% and 15%) with a period of curing  0 day and 7. This Research wear standard of ASTM. The Result of research laboratory indicate that addition of portland cement, gypsum sintetis and a period of curing improve value of CBR. Value of CBR increase and reach maximum value at rate of portland cement 5% and gypsum sintetis15% with a period of curing 7 day that is equal to 8,985%. The value experience of increase 3 times fold from value of original CBR peat soil that is equal to 3,559%. Or value of natural CBR increase equal to 252,48%.Tanah gambut mempunyai sifat yang tidak menguntungkan bagi konstruksi. Hal ini karena daya dukung tanah atau nilai CBR yang rendah. Stabilisasi kimiawi dengan bahan stabilisasi (stabilizing agent) yang dapat mengubah atau mengurangi sifat-sifat tanah yang kurang baik, biasanya disertai dengan pengikatan terhadap masing-masing butir tanah dengan yang lainnya. Campuran antara portland cement dengan gypsum sintetis (CaSO42H2O) dapat saling mengikat dan terjadi pengerasan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan portland cement sebesar 5% dan gypsum sintetis (0%, 5%, 10% dan 15%) dengan masa pemeraman (curing) 0 hari dan 7 hari dilihat dari nilai CBR. Penelitian ini memakai standar ASTM. Dari hasil penelitian laboratorium menunjukkan bahwa penambahan portland cement, gypsum sintetis dan masa pemeraman meningkatkan nilai CBR. Nilai CBR yang dihasilkan mengalami kenaikan dan mencapai nilai maksimum pada kadar portland cement 5% dan gypsum sintetis 15% dengan masa pemeraman 7 hari yaitu sebesar 8,985%. Nilai tersebut mengalami kenaikan hampir 3 kali lipat dari nilai CBR tanah gambut asli yaitu sebesar 3,559%. Atau nilai CBR mengalami kenaikan sebesar 252,46%.
Menengok Arsitektur Permukiman Masyarakat Badui : Arsitektur Berkelanjutan dari Halaman Sendiri Sardjono, Agung Budi; Nugroho, Satrio -
Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan Vol 19, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jtsp.v19i1.9499

Abstract

The energy crisis and the damage to the natural environment encouraged public awareness for the preservation of nature in addition to pay more attention to the welfare of mankind. Sustainable development with architecture in it developed into an important issue in recent decades. Wisdom in the culture of the archipelago can be a role model in tackling the crisis. Badui community is a bit of a tribe that still retains its cultural traditions closely until now. The tradition of the Badui community living utmost respect and preservation of nature where they live. Using natural resources in a selective; appropriate technology; restrictions and strict rules generate a culture living in harmony with nature. A science that needs to be studied, imitated and developed to address modern challenges. This paper aims to assess the alignment of the Badui community living tradition with the characteristics of Sustainable Architecture. Krisis energi dan kerusakan lingkungan alam mendorong kesadaran masyarakat untuk lebih memperhatikan kelestarian alam disamping kesejahteraan umat manusia. Pembangunan berkelanjutan dengan arsitektur di dalamnya berkembang menjadi isu penting dalam beberapa dasawarsa terakhir. Kearifan dalam kebudayaan Nusantara dapat menjadi teladan dalam menanggulangi krisis tersebut. Masyarakat Badui merupakan sedikit dari suku yang masih mempertahankan tradisi kebudayaannya dengan ketat sampai saat ini. Tradisi bermukim masyarakat Badui sangat hormat dan menjaga kelestarian alam tempat mereka tinggal. Pemanfaatan sumber daya alam yang selektif; teknologi tepat guna; larangan dan aturan yang ketat menghasilkan budaya bermukim yang selaras dengan alam. Sebuah ilmu yang perlu dipelajari, diteladani dan dikembangkan  untuk menjawab tantangan modern. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji keselarasan tradisi bermukim masyarakat Badui dengan karakteristik Arsitektur Berkelanjutan.
Understanding Civil Engineering and Architectural Engineering Students’ Perceptions about BIM Practices Fitriani, Heni; Yanti, Audrey Fitri; Foralisa, Mona; Muhtarom, Ahmad
Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan Vol 23, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jtsp.v23i2.29907

Abstract

The use of BIM within construction industry is experiencing development. However, the development of BIM in Indonesia is still very limited. One of the inhibiting factors in the development of BIM is the inadequate availability of BIM specialists and professionals in the construction industry so that an active role of students is needed as the main target in meeting the needs of the construction industry in Indonesia. This research was conducted to analyze the perceptions of students of the Sriwijaya University in the civil engineering and architecture study programs regarding perceptions of knowledge, benefits, adoption, and development of BIM. This study used a quantitative approach. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire. It was stated that ‘BIM technology and concepts are important for students to learn’ was to be the highest rank with an average score of 4.70 for Civil Engineering and 4.56 for architecture students. The result shows that the benefits of BIM that influence the most in the construction industry are to improve the quality of construction and enhance design visualization. The most significant driving factor on the development and adoption of BIM is education and training on using BIM software. In addition, the most significant inhibiting factors that influence the development and adoption of BIM are lack of education or training on the use of BIM and lack of knowledge on how to implement BIM software.
PEMANFAATAN APG (AGREGAT PECAHAN GENTENG) ASAL GODEAN SERTA OPTIMASI PROPORSI CAMPURANNYA PADA REKAYASA BETON SUBSTITUSI Harianto MN, Setijadi
Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan Vol 10, No 1 (2008): Jurnal Teknik Sipil & Perencanaan
Publisher : Semarang State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jtsp.v10i1.6946

Abstract

It suggested exploiting local materials and waste such as the roof tile fraction as aggregate, known as substitution concrete of roof tile fraction (SPG concrete). This research makes use aggregate of roof tile fraction (APG) from Godean area. Research target is in order to additional economic value for waste of roof tile Godean area. There are defined several groups and variants, which group mean load percentage of substitution of aggregate and usage of Silica Fume, while variant mean load percentage of aggregate faction. There are seven groups, which each consist of three variants, and two group with single variant so that totalize 115 object test. The object tested by the strength compressed at age 28 day, checked a weight set of, also other parameter, and then analyzed. Test result shows that maximum strength compressed, found in group A. Using formula mixture group A=(0,5G+7,5SF) with variant A6-10=(0,38.G-10+0,62.G-20)x0,5G obtained strength compressed = 162,3550 kg/cm2 and weight set of unit BS= 2,0767 kg/cm2. This shows that SPG concrete can serve the structural concrete and categorize of semi light concrete. Also, found that Silica Fume improves strength depress concrete at normal concrete and at SPG concrete.Saat ini dianjurkan untuk memanfaatkan limbah dan bahan lokal misalnya pecahan genteng, sebagai pengganti krikil beton dan dikenal sebagai beton substitusi pecahan genteng (disebut beton SPG). Penelitian beton SPG ini menggunakan agregat pecahan genteng (APG) asal Godean. Tujuan penelitian adalah agar terdapat nilai-2 ekonomis tambahan untuk limbah genteng di daerah Godean. Didefinisikan grup dan varian dengan setiap grup memuat prosentase substitusi agregat dan prosentase pemakaian Silika Fume sedangkan setiap varian memuat prosentase fraksi agregat. Terdapat 7 grup yang masing-2 terbagi dalam 3 varian ditambah 2 grup dengan varian tunggal sehingga total 115 buah benda uji. Seluruhnya diuji kuat tekan pada umur 28 hari, diperiksa berat satuannya, serta parameter-2 lainnya untuk kemudian dianalisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kuat tekan beton SPG maksimum terjadi di grup A. Menggunakan formula proporsi campuran grup A=(0,5G+ 7,5SF) dengan varian A6-10 = (0,38 fraksi G-10+0,62 fraksi G-20) x 0,5G diperoleh kuat tekan = 162,3550 kg/cm2 dan berat satuan BS = 2,0767 kg/cm2. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa beton SPG dapat digunakan sebagai beton struktural dan termasuk kategori beton semi ringan. Juga ditemukan bahwa Silika Fume meningkatkan kuat tekan beton baik pada beton normal maupun beton SPG.
INTRUSI AIR LAUT DI KABUPATEN PEMALANG Utomo, Karuniadi Satrijo
Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan Vol 13, No 2 (2011): Jurnal Teknik Sipil & Perencanaan
Publisher : Semarang State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jtsp.v13i2.7066

Abstract

One of water suply problem at costal areas of Pemalang Regency is saltwater intrusion. Aims of this study are to predict that saltwater intrusion and its map, also to prepare suitable efforts to reduce that problem. Result of this study shows that saltwater intrusion at unconfined aquifers on coastal areas of Comal and Ulujami Districts will reach 5.8 km length from their shorelines and at their confined aquifers will reach 4.0 km length from their shorelines in 2013. Whilst, saltwater intrusion at both confined and unconfined aquifers on coastal areas of Pemalang, Taman, and Petarukan Districts will only reach less than1 km length from their shorelines in 2013. For reducing that problem in the future, it is important to cultivate mangrove, to control sink discharge from the existing well pumps, and to build more collective deep wells.Satu di antara masalah penyediaan air baku di daerah pantai Kabupaten Pemalang adalah Intrusi  air laut. Tujuan studi ini adalah untuk memprediksi dan memetakan intrusi air laut di wilayah tersebut, serta menyiapkan upaya pengendaliannya. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa intrusi air laut pada aquifer bebas di Kecamatan Comal dan Ulujami akan mencapai 5,8 km dari garis pantai dan pada aquifer tertekan akan mencapai 4,0 km dari garis pantai di tahun 2013. Sementara itu, intrusi air laut pada aquifer bebas maupun tertekan di Kecamatan Pemalang, Taman, dan Petarukan masih akan mencapai kurangdari 1 km dari garis pantai di tahun 2013. Untuk mereduksi masalah itu di masa datang, penting dilakukan reboisasi mangrove, pengendalian debit pemompaan dari sumur-sumur yang ada, dan membangun sumur-sumur dalam kolektif.
Connectivity Between Pedestrian Ways and BRT Shelter in Banyumanik and Pedurungan, Semarang Dewi, Diah Intan; Rakhmatulloh, Anita Ratnasari
Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan Vol 20, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jtsp.v20i2.15957

Abstract

The increasing number of human activities from sub urban areas causes high movements in urban areas. The high rate of human movement drives the need for human circulation pathways and adequate transportation systems. To solve this problem, the Semarang City government has actually built transportation facilities in the form of BRT (Bus Rapid Transit) along with pedestrian ways. However, in reality the pedestrian ways that acts as a link to the door to door service is not well connected so it is less secure and comfortable and unable to accommodate the needs of the urban community. The purpose of this study was to examine the connectivity between pedestrian networks and BRT shelter in Semarang. The method of analysis in this study used GIS applications to evaluate access pedestrian connectivity to BRT shelther in Banyumanik and Pedurungan, Semarang. The results of the study are the connectivity between pedestrian ways and BRT shelter  in Banyumanik is good on the other side the connectivity in Pedurungan is not good and optimally configured
MODEL KUAT TEKAN DAN TARIK PROPORSI TRAS MURIA DENGAN KAPUR UNTUK BAHAN DASAR MORTAR Tugino, Tugino
Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan Vol 12, No 1 (2010): Jurnal Teknik Sipil & Perencanaan
Publisher : Semarang State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jtsp.v12i1.1335

Abstract

Abstract:  mortar is a mixture of binder and sand with a certain ratio, a binder of cement, lime and trace. Portland cement prices in the market higher. This lead to the high price of construction products, including a simple house san's house is very simple. Then necessary to study the use of other building materials with Portland cement substitute qualified quality and reasonably priced by the community. The object of this research: how much the mechanical properties of mortar with tie material trace (Pozolan). The purpose of this research is to explain the bond between the mattress, lime, and sand and know the basic compressive strength of mortar using a binder tras.As object in this study were from a mixture of trace mortar, lime, and sand. Samples of mortar specimens of size 5 x 5 x 5 cm 3 and 2.5 x 5 x 7.5 cm 3, the composition mix 1 trace: 1 lime: 1 sand: 1 trace: 1 lime: 2 sand and 1 trace: 1 lime: 3 sand. Variablel in this research is a mixture of variable composition and compressive strength / tensile strength. How to capture data with quality test materials, compressive strength, tensile strength test in the laboratory. Data analysis using the average. Results showed the test results of material quality mortar qualify, the average test results mix 1 trace: 1 lime: 1 sand = 47.93 kg/cm2 compressive strength, tensile strength of 4.17 kg/cm2; mix 1 trace: 1 lime : 2 sand = 40.33 kg/cm2 compressive strength, tensile strength of 3.23 kg/cm2; composition mattress is 1 lime: 3 sand = 29.85 kg/cm2 compressive strength, tensile strength of 2.23 kg/cm2. From this research it is advised to wash the mud content mattress for less than 14.04% and the composition mixture thinner for compressive strength and tensile strength can be enhancedKeywords: trace muria, lime, mortar. Abstrak: mortar merupakan campuran bahan pengikat dan pasir dengan perbandingan tertentu, bahan pengikat berupa semen, kapur dan tras. Harga semen Portland di pasaran semakin tinggi. Hal ini berakibat tingginya harga jual produk-produk konstruksi termasuk rumah sederhana san rumah sangat sederhana. Maka perlu dikaji penggunaan bahan bangunan lain pengganti semen Portland dengan mutu yang memenuhi syarat dan harga terjangkau oleh masyarakat. Obyek kajian dalam penelitian ini : seberapa besar sifat mekanis mortar dengan bahan ikat tras (Pozolan). Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menjelaskan ikatan antara tras, kapur, dan pasir serta mengetahui kuat  tekan dasar mortar yang menggunakan bahan pengikat tras.sebagi obyek dalam penelitian ini adalah mortar dari campuran tras, kapur, dan pasir. Sampel benda uji mortar dengan ukuran 5 x 5 x 5 cm3 dan 2,5 x 5 x 7,5 cm3, komposisi campuran 1 tras : 1 kapur : 1 pasir;  1 tras : 1 kapur : 2 pasir dan 1 tras : 1 kapur : 3 pasir. Variablel dalam penelitian ini adalah variable komposisi campuran dan kuat tekan / kuat tarik. Cara pengambilan data dengan uji mutu bahan, uji kuat tekan, uji kuat tarik di laboratorium. Analisis data menggunakan rerata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil uji mutu bahan mortar memenuhi syarat, hasil uji rata-rata campuran 1 tras : 1 kapur : 1 pasir kuat tekan = 47,93 kg/cm2, kuat tarik 4,17 kg/cm2; campuran 1 tras : 1 kapur : 2 pasir kuat tekan = 40,33 kg/cm2, kuat tarik 3,23 kg/cm2; campuaran 1 tras : 1 kapur : 3 pasir kuat tekan = 29,85 kg/cm2, kuat tarik 2,23 kg/cm2. Dari penelitian ini disarankan perlu pencucian tras agar kandungan lumpurnya lebih kecil dari 14,04% dan komposisi campuran lebih kurus agar kuat tekan dan kuat tarik dapat ditingkatkan.Kata Kunci: tras muria, kapur, mortar
ANALISIS POLA PERJALANAN TRANSPORTASI PENDUDUK DAERAH PINGGIRAN Sugiyarto, Bambang
Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan Vol 10, No 1 (2008): Jurnal Teknik Sipil & Perencanaan
Publisher : Semarang State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jtsp.v10i1.6947

Abstract

To get residence in the center of the city is very difficult at this time especially because of the high-rising prices. For this reason, middle class and lower class residents solve the problem by looking for residence in the outskirts of town, but as a consequence they are far from their workplace and from schools. The flow of these middle class and lower class people to the outskirts of town has brought about a special impact. The sampling method employed in this research was proportional random sampling, a method in which samples are chosen randomly from the districts under investigation by paying special attention to group I (the poor), group II (the middle class) and group III (the have) . Trip distribution for the residents of Mijen and Gunungpati districts is mostly spread only around the respective districts [i.e. Mijen and Gunungpati], while for the residents of Ngaliyan district, the targets of most of their trips are the various districts of Semarang city. From the point of view of moda used, most outskirts residents use the motorbike to do their daily trips. Residents of Ngaliyan and Mijen districts mostly cover the distance between their residence and the places of their daily activities (around 1 - 5 km) within 20 - 30 minutes. While those of Gunungpati district mostly cover the distance (5 - 10 km) within 10 - 20 minutes.Untuk mendapatkan tempat tinggal di pusat kota saat ini sangatlah sulit terutama karena faktor harga yang relatif mahal. Maka bagi penduduk golongan menengah kebawah solusinya adalah mencari tempat tinggal di daerah pinggiran kota dengan konsekuensi jauh dari tempat kerja atau tempat pendidikan. Mengalirnya golongan ini dari daerah dekat pusat kota ke daerah pinggiran ternyata mempunyai dampak tersendiri. Metode pengambilan sampel adalah sampling random proporsional yaitu pengambilan sampel yang dilakukan secara acak dari lokasi kecamatan yang diamati dengan memperhatikan golongan I (ekonomi lemah), golongan II (menengah) dan golongan III (ekonomi kuat). Sebaran tujuan perjalanan untuk penduduk kecamatan Mijen dan Gunungpati sebagian besar hanya di sekitar wilyah kecamatannya masing – masing, sedangkan untuk penduduk kecamatan Ngaliyan, sebagian besar tujuan perjalanan mereka adalah berbagai kecamatan di Kota Semarang. Dari sisi moda yang digunakan, sebagian besar penduduk daerah pinggiran menggunakan sepeda motor untuk melakukan perjalanan sehari - hari.  Penduduk kecamatan Ngaliyan dan Mijen sebagian besar menempuh jarak ke tempat aktifitas sehari – hari sejauh antara 1 – 5 km dengan lama perjalanan rata-rata antara 20 – 30 menit. Sedangkan penduduk kecamatan Gunungpati sebagian besar menempuh jarak ke tempat aktifitas sehari – hari sejauh 5 10 km dengan lama perjalanan antara 10 – 20 menit.

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