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Althea Medical Journal

amj
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Published by Universitas Padjadjaran

ISSN : - EISSN : 23374330 DOI : 10.15850/amj

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Althea Medical Journal (AMJ) is a peer reviewed electronic scientific publication journal which is published every 3 months (March, June, September, and December). Althea Medical Journal publishes articles related to research in biomedical sciences, clinical medicine, family-community medicine, and public health.

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Articles 1,068 Documents

78 79 80 81 82

The Impact of Nutritional Counseling to Nutritional Knowledge and Energy Intake among Obese Children in Junior High School Lastri Asmuniati; Dewi Marhaeni Diah Herawati; Julistio TB Djais
Althea Medical Journal Vol 6, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Obesity has a serious impact on health, leading to not only premature mortality but also to long-term morbidity. Factors that contribute to obesity are genetic and lifestyle. This study aimed to analyze the impact of nutritional counseling on nutritional knowledge and energy intake among obese children in junior high school.Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in Jatinangor in September–November 2014 using a consecutive sampling until 25 students had reached. The inclusion criteria were junior high school students with BMI z-score per age >2 obese categories. Nutritional knowledge and energy intake were measured using a 24-hour recall test, conducted before and after 2 weeks of nutritional counseling. Data were analyzed using a paired t-test.Results: The average of nutritional knowledge before counseling was 46.72±2.63 and after counseling was 65.92±2.92 (p<0.001), whereas the average in energy intake before counseling was 1769.68±113.32 and after counseling was 1397.52±114.31 (p=0.006).Conclusions: There is an increase knowledge and decrease energy intake among obese children in junior high school students in Jatinangor subdistrict after nutritional counseling. A better understanding among obese children needs to be highlighted and nutrition education and counseling should be given in schools.

Footwear Usage in Children with Flatfoot Disorder in Sukajadi Sub-district, Bandung Wulan Mayasari; Elta Sholihah Putri; Fathurachman Fathurachman
Althea Medical Journal Vol 6, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Flatfoot is a musculoskeletal disorder of the foot where the medial longitudinal arch becomes flatter, resulting in a more foot surface touching the ground compared to the normal foot. One of the risk factors for flatfoot is the rather early footwear usage with a considerably long period of usage with the enclosed footwear type. This may cause weakening of supporting tissues of the foot. This study aimed to describe the use of footwear in children with flatfoot.Methods: This study used a descriptive categorical method, conducted from March to June 2017 among students from five elementary schools in Sukajadi sub-district, Bandung. Primary data were obtained by using questionnaires and descriptively presented.Results: Prevalence of flatfoot among included students (n73) of the elementary school with age range of 6–10 years was 54.8%. All students had their first years of wearing footwear in the age range 0-5 years. The majority (52.5%) of footwear usage duration in flatfoot disorder was ≥8 hours/day, and the footwear type of flatfoot disorder was dominated (65%) by sandals/slippers.Conclusions: There is a high number of flatfoot in elementary school, and this needs special attention, especially on how to use the footwear.

Antimicrobial Suspectibility of Bacterial Isolated from Burn Unit in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia from June to September 2013 Yodya Evila; Sunarjati Sudigdoadi; Hardisiswo Soedjana
Althea Medical Journal Vol 2, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (539.324 KB)

Background: Development of infection in burned patients is a crucial matter because it may increase morbidity and mortality. Factors contributing to high risk for infections are disrupted skin barrier, dysfunction of the immune system and prolonged hospitalization. Crowded hospital condition and transfer of patients from one unit to another can affect development of infection caused by environmental factors. The aim of the study was to identify the antimicrobial suspectibility of bacterial isolated from Burn Unit in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung.Methods: A descriptive study was carried out in Burn Unit Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia, from June to September 2013. A total of 30 environment samples were collected and cultured to identify the bacterias. Futhermore, the colonies found, underwent antimicrobial susceptibility test.Results: Most common bacteria found from the environmental samples in Burn Unit was Staphylococcus saprophyticus (24%). Other bacterias found were Klebsiella pneumonia (17%), Acinetobacter baumanii (15%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (12%), Bacillus sp.(12%), Pseudomonas sp.(7%), Staphylococcus aureus (5%), Enterobacter aerogenes (5%) and Serratia sp. (2%). Some bacteria still had good sensitivity to antibiotics while the Enterobacteriaceae were almost completely resistant to antimicrobial used in the study.Conclusions: The most common bacteria found from the environment samples in Burn Unit is Staphylococcuss aprophyticus. Additionally, Klebsiella pneumoniae as one of the Enterobacteriaceae groups, appears as an emerging hospital associated infection pathogen with their resistant to many antimicrobials. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v2n3.592

Biofilm Formation in Reverse Osmosis Water at Hemodialysis Units in Two Hospitals Bandung Aswin Yeoh Kit Shawn; Sunarjati Sudigdoadi; Diah Dhianawaty
Althea Medical Journal Vol 6, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Bacteria in aquatic environments do not usually live as a single free-swimming microscopic cell, but rather as communities of microorganisms that are attached to a surface in the form of biofilm. Biofilm is a major cause of concern to the medical world, as it protects the bacteria from a harsh environment, the host immune system, antimicrobial therapy, and even disinfectant. The aim of this study was to determine which genus or species of bacteria in reverse osmosis (RO) water was able to form a biofilm.Methods: Water samples were taken from RO water of water treatment in hemodialysis (HD) centers at two hospitals in Bandung; at each point of the water treatment plant, bacteria were cultured. Any growth of bacteria was tested with a tube method to determine the formation of biofilm.Results: Micrococcus luteus, Citrobacter diversus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomonas sp., Serratia sp., Acinetobacter sp. were able to form biofilm while Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus saprophyticus were not.Conclusions: Most bacteria isolated from RO water can form a biofilm, and a few are not. This study is successfully to check the possibility of biofilm formation of RO water, therefore, disinfecting RO water regularly is important and highly encouraged.

Antibacterial Effect of Jatropha multifida L. Leaf Infusion towards Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Ivan Ivan; Sunarjati Sudigdoadi; Achmad Hussein S. Kartamihardja
Althea Medical Journal Vol 6, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Jatropha multifida is one of the medicinal plants commonly found in Indonesia. This plant is used in the community to heal open wounds, however, scientific evidence is lacking. The two most common bacteria which often cause infection in open wounds are Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial effect of J. multifida leaf infusion towards S. aureus and P. Aeruginosa in vitro.Methods: This was an experimental laboratory study conducted at the Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran in 2014. The modified Kirby-Bauer antimicrobial diffusion procedure on Mueller-Hinton agar was applied to determine the inhibitory zone. In determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), the modified technique of tube dilution was used.Results: The results of this research showed that the infusion of J. multifida leaves had inhibitory effects on the growth of S. aureus dan P. aeruginosa at the concentration of 100% and 75%. The minimum inhibition concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration could not be determined.Conclusions: There is evidence confirming the bacteriostatic antibacterial effect of J. multifida leaves which inhibits the growth of S. aureus and P. Aeruginosa. Further study is needed to explore J. multifida leaves.

Identification of Bacteria from Skin Swab in Pre-operative Closed Fracture Orthopedic Surgery Patients at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Ghita Bengtissen; Sunarjati Sudigdoadi; Yoyos Dias Ismiarto; Isa Ridwan
Althea Medical Journal Vol 6, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is the most frequent site of health care- associated infections (HAIs). Surgical incision breaks the protective barrier of the skin and causes bacteria to enter; therefore, pre-operative procedure is very important to reduce the risk of SSI. This study aimed to identify any bacteria in skin swab of pre-operative closed fracture during elective orthopedic surgery patients.Methods: This was a descriptive laboratory study, conducted in the Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran in October to November 2012. Samples were taken from skin swab of patients with closed fracture taken before elective orthopedic surgery. Samples were cultured on blood agar, then incubated in an aerobic condition for 24 hours at 37°C. The bacteria were then identified, including the type and the number of the bacteria colonies, using microscopic gram staining and by biochemistry testing using coagulase, novobiocin, and catalase test. The bacteria colonies formed on blood agar were counted using CFU/mL. Results: Of 24 samples taken, 14 (58.3%) were positive for bacteria, 7 negative and 3 were excluded due to dead bacteria. The bacteria identified in the samples were all staphylococcus species and the colony counting was lower than 10⁵ CFU/mL.Conclusions: Bacteria staphylococcus are detected from more than half of skin swab during pre-operative closed fracture orthopedic surgery patients. Thus, it is important to apply a proper antiseptic procedure before making a surgical incision to reduce the risk of SSI.

Cardiovascular Risk Profile in Health Cadres in Jatinangor, West Java Badai Bhatara Tiksnadi; Rien Afrianti; Yulia Sofiatin; Arif Ridha; Faris Yuflih Fihaya; Rully M. A. Roesli; Mohammad Rizki Akbar
Althea Medical Journal Vol 6, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Cardiovascular disease has very high morbidity and mortality, therefore, prevention of this disease becomes a national priority in the health programs. Health cadres, as an agent in community primary prevention, should have a good health condition. This study aimed to describe the cardiovascular risk profile in health cadresin Jatinangor, West Java.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, conducted in Cilayung Village, Jatinangor, in September 2018. Consecutive sampling was performed on 20 health cadres aged 25 - 64 years old who did not have previous cardiovascular events such as coronary heart disease or stroke. Clinical data were collected consisting of blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), random blood glucose, history of diabetes mellitus, physical activity and active smoking habits. Cardiovascular risk was assessed using Jakarta cardiovascular scores and European Relative Risk Score.Results: Only 17 of 20 health cadres fulfilled the inclusion criteria with a systolic and diastolic blood pressure of 133.5±27.8 mmHg and 81.1±14.8 mmHg, respectively, and BMI of 27.4±5.3 kg/m2.The risk of cardiovascular disease in healthy cadres was at low (47.1%), moderate (41.2%) and high risk (11.7%). The average of the European Relative Risk score was 1.88±0.9. BMI >30 has a 40% high risk of cardiovascular disease.Conclusions: Most of the health cadres in Jatinangor, West Java have a low and moderate risk of cardiovascular disease, even though there is a small percentage that is at a high risk. The awareness for prevention and management programs for risk factors needs to be raised among health cadres. .

Comparison of Intelligence based on Short-term Memory Test between Urban and Rural Children Amira Addiniya; Leonardo Lubis; Marietta Shanti Prananta
Althea Medical Journal Vol 6, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Cognitive development occurs during childhood and this development is influenced by various environmental factors such as urban and rural environments which can affect child cognitive development. Short-term memory is very important as the first step in processing new information to do cognitive tasks. The aim of this study was to compare the short-term memory of children coming from an urban and rural area.Methods: A cross-sectional design was performed in this observational analytical study, conducted from September to October 2014 in Jatinangor. Students from elementary school students in an urban and rural area in Jatinangor were selected, using a stratified random sampling method. The Digit Span Forward, Backward, and Symbol Digit Modality Test (SDMT) were used to measure short-term memory. Mann-Whitney test and independent T-test were used in this research.Results: There was no significant difference in Digit Span Forward score between urban and rural boys (p=0.564); and girls group (p=0.982). On the contrary, Digit Span Backward score among urban boys (p=0.007) and urban girls (p=0.006) was significantly higher compared to those living in the rural areas. Similarly, a significantly higher score of SDMT in the urban areas was found compared to rural for boys (p=0.011) and girls (p=0.026).Conclusions: Intelligence based on a short-term memory test, consisting of Digit Span Backward and Symbol Digit Modality Test, is higher in urban children compared to children in the rural areas.

Score of Fine Motor Skill in Children with Down Syndrome using Nintendo Wii Puspasari Sinaga; Marietta Shanti Prananta; Eddy Fadlyana
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (440.025 KB)

Background: Down syndrome occurs due to an extra chromosome 21, known as Trisomy 21. In addition to delayed cognitive and speech development, children with Down syndrome may also experience delayed gross and fine motor development. Virtual Reality Therapy, such as Nintendo Wii is a computer-based technology that allows users to interact with a virtual three-dimensional scenario and the most innovative physical rehabilitation method. High scores indicate that the player has a good motor skill. This study aimed to examine the difference between the score of fine motor skill in children with and without Down syndrome.Methods: An analytic cross-sectional study was conducted from August to November 2015 to 40 children aged between 9–12 years old who came from public primary schools and special needs schools in Bandung, West Java. They were divided into 2 groups using random gender and age pairing; one group was children with Down syndrome and another other group was normal children. The children’ scores of Nintendo Wii game were collected three times. The collected data were statistically analyzed by Chi-Square test.Results: The proportion of children with low-grade fine motor skill in Down syndrome group was larger than those with high-grade fine motor skill. In the other hand, in normal children group, the proportion was reversed compared to Down syndrome group. There was a significant difference in score of fine motor skill between children with Down syndrome and normal children (p=0.000).Conclusions: The fine motor skill of children with Down syndrome is poorer than normal children’s. [AMJ.2016;3(3):371–5] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n3.882

Nigella sativa Infusion as an Antioxidant Agent Against Gentamicin-Induced Kidney Damaged in Mice Hamsiah binti Halim; Achadiyani Achadiyani; Tjahjodjati Tjahjodjati
Althea Medical Journal Vol 1, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (290.903 KB)

Background: Gentamicin is one of the most common antibiotics related to nephrotoxicity. It has been proposed that the nephrotoxicity is associated with the generation of the reactive oxygen species. Thymoquinone, an active compound of Nigella sativa, shows to have an antioxidant property. The study aims to identify the possible nephroprotective action of Nigella sativa infusion against gentamicin-induced kidney damaged in mice.Methods:This experimental study was carried out in the Department of Cell Biology Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung from 10th November 2012 to 14th December 2012. There were four groups, each consisting of 6 mice. Group I (control negative), group II (gentamicin 100 mg/kg), group III (3.9 mg Nigella sativa infusion+gentamicin 100mg/kg) and group IV (7.8 mg Nigella sativa infusion+gentamicin 100mg/kg). The kidneys were evaluated histopathologically by light microscope. The percentage average number of normal proximal tubules in group I and the percentage average number of proximal tubules damaged in group II, III and IV were measured.Results: The results showed the percentage average number of the proximal tubules damaged in group II, III and IV were 14.53%, 7.49% and 3.94% respectively. Significant differences were observed between group II and III, group II and IV, and group III and IV.Conclusion:Nigella sativa infusion protects against gentamicin-induced kidney damage in mice.Keywords: gentamicin, kidney, Nigella sativa infusion Infusa Nigella sativa sebagai Antioksidan Terhadap Kerusakan Ginjal padaTikus yang Diinduksi Gentamisin LatarBelakang: Gentamisin adalah salah satu antibiotik yang paling sering dihubungkan dengan nefrotoksisitas. Nefrotoksisitas yang terjadi berhubungan dengan pembentukan reactive oxygen species. Thymoquinone, senyawa aktif Nigella sativa, telah terbukti memiliki sifat antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi sifat nefroprotektif infusa Nigella sativa terhadap kerusakan ginjal pada tikus yang diinduksi gentamisin.Metode: Penelitian eksperimental ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Departemen Biologi Sel, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung dari 10 November 2012 –14 Desember 2012. Ada empat kelompok masing-masing terdiri atas 6 tikus. Kelompok I (control negatif), kelompok II (gentamisin 100 mg /kg), kelompok III (3,9 mg Nigella sativainfus + gentamisin 100mg/kg) dan kelompok IV (7,8 mg Nigella sativa infus + gentamisin 100mg/kg). Ginjal kemudian dievaluasi secara histopatologi dengan mikroskop cahaya. Persentase rata-rata jumlah tubulus proksimal yang normal dalam kelompok I dan persentase rata-rata jumlah tubulus proksimal rusak dalam kelompok II, III dan IV diukur.Hasil: Persentase rata-rata jumlah tubulus proksimal rusak dalam kelompok II, III dan IV adalah 14,53%, 7,49% dan 3,94%. Perbedaan signifikan yang diamati adalah pada kelompok II dengan III, kelompok II dengan IV, serta kelompok III dan IV.Simpulan: Infusa Nigella sativa infuse melindungi terhadap kerusakan ginjal yang diinduksi gentamisin pada tikus.Kata kunci: gentamisin, ginjal, infusa Nigella sativaDOI: 10.15850/amj.v1n2.354

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Gedung Rumah Sakit Pendidikan Unpad/Pamitran Unpad (Teaching Hospital Building) Faculty of Medicine Unpad, 3rd Floor Jl. Prof. Eyckman No. 38, Bandung, 40161, Indonesia

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Kota bandung,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA