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Althea Medical Journal
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23374330     DOI : 10.15850/amj
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Althea Medical Journal (AMJ) is a peer reviewed electronic scientific publication journal which is published every 3 months (March, June, September, and December). Althea Medical Journal publishes articles related to research in biomedical sciences, clinical medicine, family-community medicine, and public health.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,068 Documents
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The Characteristics, Knowledge, and Attitude of Pregnant Women Regarding Early Breastfeeding Initiation on the Fourth Antenatal Care Visit Elsa Pudji Setiawati; Cindy Regina Putri; Tisnasari Hafsah
Althea Medical Journal Vol 7, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v7n1.1710

Abstract

Background: Early breastfeeding initiation within one hour after birth can reduce maternal and neonatal mortality. One of the interventions given on the fourth antenatal care (ANC) visit is providing information regarding breastfeeding initiation, however, the implementation is low. Many factors may influence breastfeeding initiation, including knowledge and attitude. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship among the characteristics, knowledge, and attitude of the pregnant women on the fourth ANC visit regarding early breastfeeding initiation in Jatinangor.Methods: An analytic cross-sectional study was conducted in September 2013. A total of 61 pregnant women registered for the fourth ANC visit (K4) in Jatinangor Public Health Center were involved in this study. Data were collected from questionnaires. Data on the number of gestation, level of education, source of information regarding breastfeeding initiation, knowledge and attitude about early breastfeeding initiation were collected and analyzed using chi-square.Results: There was a significant relationship between a number of gestation, level of education, source of information and knowledge also attitude, as well as between age and attitude (p<0.05). However, there was no significant association between age and knowledge (p>0.05).Conclusions: Number of gestation, level of education, and source of information have a significant relationship with both knowledge and attitudes about early breastfeeding initiation.
The Ventilation-to-area Ratio and House Lighting Relate to the Incidence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Adil Jihad Muhammad; Pudji Lestari; Agung Dwi Wahyu Widodo
Althea Medical Journal Vol 7, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1285.964 KB) | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v7n1.1821

Abstract

Background: Indonesia is one of the heavy burden countries with high pulmonary tuberculosis incidence in the world. The physical condition of houses is one of the environmental factors on how the infection spreads. The objective of this study was to provide supporting facts between the physical environment of the houses and the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods: This was an observational analytic study with a case-control design, using checklists among pulmonary tuberculosis patients (n 32) and their healthy controls (n 32). Study subjects were chosen by simple random sampling. The study was performed from March to August 2019 at the Public Health Center (Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat, Puskesmas) in Sawahan district, Surabaya. The incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis was related to various factors, including window existence, window opening habit, ventilation-to-area ratio, humidity, temperature, lighting, and occupancy density. The collected data were analyzed using the chi-square test to assess statistical significance with a p-value <0.05 was considered significantly related.Results: The ventilation-to-area ratio (p<0.05) and house lighting (p<0.00) were related to pulmonary tuberculosis incidence, whereas other factors such as window existence, window opening habit, temperature, and occupancy density were not.Conclusions: The ventilation-to-area ratio and house lighting have been proven to be related to pulmonary tuberculosis incidence. Government regulation on building permit needs to be encouraged to reduce the spreading and the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis.
Management of Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma in a Referral Hospital in West Java, Indonesia Yussy Afriani Dewi; Ifiq Budiyan Nazar
Althea Medical Journal Vol 7, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v7n21.1787

Abstract

Background: Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is a fibrovascular tumor originating from the supero-posterior area of the sphenopalatine foramen. This tumor is histologically benign, but is clinically malignant because JNA has potentially destructive spread extending to the skull base and the cranium. The aim of the study was to evaluate the management of JNA in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, a referral hospital in West Java.Methods: This was a descriptive retrospective study using medical record data of JNA patients during the period of 2011-2018. The stage of JNA was designated, based on the FISCH classification.Results: There were112 JNA cases, consisting of 99% male and 1% female. Most of them (97%) were aged 10-20 years old (median16 years old). The chief complaints were nasal obstruction (46%) and recurrent epistaxis (36%). Most of the JNA stage was stage II (43%). Major feeding vessel of JNA was from an internal maxillary artery (IMAX) and ascending pharyngeal artery (28%). Preoperative management was equal for ligation and embolization. The complication of embolization was local pain (75%). The most surgical technique performed was the transpalatal approach (41.36%). Blood loss in a different stage in JNA surgery with embolization was less than surgery with ligation. There were patients (10%)with residual disease after 6 months follow-up.Conclusions: JNA is essentially a disease of the adolescent males. The management of JNA patients is surgery, mostly using transpalatal technique. Preoperative embolization of JNA is a safe procedure, minimizes intraoperative blood loss, decrease the incidence of residual or recurrence, and shortening the duration of the surgery. 
Attitude and Behavior towards Self-medication using Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Paracetamol among Housewives in Hegarmanah Village, Jatinangor Kuswinarti Kuswinarti; Aisyah Binti Mohamad Rohim; Siti Aminah
Althea Medical Journal Vol 7, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v7n1.1721

Abstract

Background: The use of drugs by self-medication is widely practiced worldwide. One of the most common drugs used without prescription is analgesic and this is predominantly used among housewives since they are sometimes suffering from minor ailments due to house chores burden. The study aimed to explore the attitude and behavior of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and paracetamol usage among housewives in Jatinangor, West Java-Indonesia.Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed from August–November 2013. After informed consent, housewives living in Hegarmanah village, Jatinangor were included by filling in a validated questionnaire to assess the level of attitude and behavior of NSAIDs and paracetamol usage. The data were presented in percentages. The score was given and categorized as good, moderate and poor for both attitude and behavior.Results: Of a total 110 housewives participated in this study, the attitude of housewife towards the drug use was good (59.1%), moderate (33.6%) and poor (7.3%), whereas the behavior was good (46.4%), moderate (52.7%) and poor (0.9%).Conclusions: The majority of the respondents have moderate to good attitude as well as behavior toward the usage of NSAIDs and paracetamol as self-medication. Public health education and awareness are important to ensure safe and useful self-medication.
Antibacterial Effect of Curcuma zedoaria Extract on Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus epidermidis Vidya Indriani; Linda Chiuman; Linda Leonando Wijaya; Gilbert Lister; Lexandria Grandis
Althea Medical Journal Vol 7, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v7n1.1886

Abstract

Background: White turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria), a plant used traditionally for medicine, is easily obtained at a relatively cheap price in Indonesia. White tumeric contains alkaloids, phenols, saponins, glycosides, steroids, terpenoids, and other compounds; and these compounds have shown antimicrobials, antifungal, anticancer, antiallergic, antioxidant, and analgesic effects. The aim of this study was to determine the antibacterial effect of white turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria) rhizome extract on the growth of Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria.Methods: This was an experimental study with a Post-test Only Control Group Design. It was carried out using the disc diffusion method with six treatments, consisting of negative control (aquadest), positive control (ciprofloxacin), and the extract of white turmeric rhizome with various concentrations. Kruskal Wallis test and one way ANOVA were used to analyze the data. The results showed a statistically significant value smaller than α (0.021 <0.05), and the One Way ANOVA test had a statistically significant value (p) less than α (0.000 <0.05).Results: The results of this research showed that the extract of white turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria) inhibited the growth of Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria at concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% as shown by the diameter inhibitory zone between 10-20 mm, compared to the positive control which had >20mm.Conclusions: Curcuma zedoaria has an antibacterial effect against Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Further study is needed, exploring the effectivity of white turmeric in the animal models.
Significant Relationship between Overweight and Hypertension in the Elderly Suwanda Wahyudin; Rudolf Andean; Lilik Sukesi
Althea Medical Journal Vol 7, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v7n1.1727

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is one of the degenerative diseases that commonly occurs in the elderly, however, the etiology is still unclear. One of the risk factors is overweight. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between overweight and hypertension in the elderly living in Hegarmanah village.Methods: A cross-sectional analytic study was conducted from September to November 2013, including 100 elderly in Hegarmanah village Jatinangor, Sumedang, using a cluster sample technique. The data of body weight, height, and blood pressure were obtained after informed consent.Results: In total, 58 females and 42 males were included. The nutritional status was underweight (9%), normal (45%), overweight (31%), and obese (15%).  Hypertension among the elderly was normal (4%), prehypertension stage 1 (18%), hypertension stage II (24%), and hypertension stage III (54%). The hypertension was occurred in 43.6% non-overweight group and 56.4% in the overweight group, resulting in a significant relationship between overweight and hypertension in the elderly (p=0.001).Conclusions: The high prevalence of hypertension among the elderly who were overweight suggests a better promotion in lifestyle control, a particularly nutritional program for the elderly to manage hypertension and its complication. 
Propolis of Trigona spp. Protects Mucosa from Aspirin-Induced Gastric Mucosal Damage in Rats Achadiyani Achadiyani; Anindita Laksmi; Dolvy Girawan
Althea Medical Journal Vol 7, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v7n1.1677

Abstract

Background: Helicobacter pylori and non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs are the major causes of peptic ulcer in the world. Indonesian native stingless bee species, Trigona spp., produces propolis that might be effective to protect mucosal damage. The aim of the study was to determine the protective effect of Trigona spp. propolis on aspirin-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats.Methods: This experimental study was conducted from September–November 2013 at Animal Laboratory of Department of Pharmacology and Therapy Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran. Healthy male Wistar rats (n=24) aged 2–3 months old and weighed 200–250 grams were randomly divided into three groups. The first group was control negative, the second group was given 100 mg/kg body weight of aspirin, and the third group was given 200 mg/kg body weight of Trigona spp. propolis, one hour before administration of 100 mg/kg body weight of aspirin. After two weeks of treatment, rats were sacrificed by laparotomy to obtain gastric tissues, followed by processing for the paraffin section for histopathological analysis. The grade of gastric mucosal damage was determined under a light microscope. Data were then compared between groups using the Mann-Whitney test.Results: Oral administration of aspirin-induced gastric mucosal damage ranging from grade 0 to grade IV; whereas administration of propolis showed a reduction of gastric mucosal damage’s grade when compared to the aspirin group (p<0.05).Conclusions: Trigona spp. propolis has a protective effect on aspirin-induced gastric mucosal damage. Further study is encouraged to study an optimal dose of aspirin after propolis administration. 
Larvicidal Activity of Citrus aurantifolia Decoction against Aedes aegypti Larvae Priyanka Devi Muniandy; Silvita Fitri Riswari; Kartika Ruchiatan
Althea Medical Journal Vol 7, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v7n1.1814

Abstract

Background: Infected female Aedes mosquito is the primary vector of virus transmission for dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). Natural phytochemical larvicide is becoming a complementary way for vector control management. The citrus plant extract has natural chemical reactions against mosquito larvae. This study aimed to identify the larvicidal activity of Citrus aurantifolia leaves decoction against larvae of Aedes aegypti as an effort to discover natural phytochemical repellant.Methods: This was an analytic experimental study using twenty-five Aedes aegypti larvae. The larvae were placed in translucent cups containing different concentrations of C. aurantifolia leaves decoction. The cups were filled with Abate as positive controls and water as negative controls. The experiment was repeated for three consecutive days, and the mortality of larvae was monitored for 48 hours as described in the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for laboratory and field testing for mosquito larvicides (WHOPES).Results: C.aurantifolia decoction significantly decreased the number of larvae. The highest mortality was shown in 30% concentration with a total of 224 dead larvae. Probit analysis showed LC50 was 38.5% and 6.6% at 24 and 48 hours, respectively. The highest rate of killing the larvae was taken at LC60 with 91.6% for 24 hours and LC65 64.4% for the 48 hours; thus LC90 could not be determined. The significance of the decoction concentration was analyzed by one way ANOVA preceded with Post-hoc test (p-values 0.000).Conclusions: Decoction of C.aurantifolia leaves has proved to have larvicidal activity against larvae of Aedes aegypti and could be used as phytochemical larvicides in controlling vector of DHF.
Lipid Level of Street Food at Cibeusi Elementary School in Jatinangor Subdistrict, West Java, Indonesia Siti Nur Fatimah; Indri Nurul Hayyi; Adria Adnan
Althea Medical Journal Vol 7, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v7n1.1684

Abstract

Background: School-aged children have quite high energy consumption demand because they are growing and physically active. In Indonesia, school-aged children frequently consume their additional foods/snacks from street food vendors around their schools. This study aimed to reveal the lipid level of street food in Elementary Schools, in Jatinangor Subdistrict, West Java, Indonesia.Methods: This study was an observational descriptive study. Elementary Schools in Jatinangor Subdistrict were selected using a random sampling method. Four frequent street foods were fried meatball (in Indonesian: bakso goreng (basreng)), batagor (bakso tahu goreng), crepes, and egg roll were then taken, and lipid level was measured twice using Soxhlet extraction method.Results: Fried meatball contained 22.10% (±0.23%) or 2.78 gram lipid, batagor 30.091% (±4.14%) or 12.49 gram lipid, crepes 7.14% (± 0.12%) or 0.66 gram lipid, and egg roll 13.66% (±1.63%) or 1.28 gram lipid.Conclusions: Only the batagor fulfilled the lipid demand in one snack time. It is recommended to minimize the intake of batagor as a between-meal snack for  a balanced nutrient intake control.
Profile of Upper Extremities Function among Stroke Outpatients in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung Putri Pamulani; Novitri Novitri; Sofiati Dian
Althea Medical Journal Vol 7, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v7n1.1762

Abstract

Background: Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disabilities worldwide. Among all types of disabilities, disturbance in upper extremities functions is at the highest percentage. This study aimed to determine the profile of upper extremities function among stroke outpatients in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital as an initial step to provide a better follow up and management.Methods: The design of this study was a descriptive study, conducted from April to October 2014 among stroke outpatients in the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Dr Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung based on a consecutive sampling method. The function of upper extremities was tested by Chedoke Arm and Hand Integrated version 9 (CAHAI-9).Result: In total, 42 patients were included, consisting of a male (n=25) and a female (n=17). Nine tasks were performed with dependently by the patients such as open the coffee jar (n22; 52%), call 118 (n24;57%), draw a line with a ruler (n22;52%), pour a glass of water (n33;79%), wring out washed cloth (n26;62%) do up five-button (n31;74%), dry back with the towel (n25;60%), put toothpaste on a toothbrush (n25;60%), and cut medium resistance putty(n32;76%).Conclusions: The majority of stroke outpatients in the sub-acute phase still have a dependent function of upper extremities. Better patient management and interventions focusing on this function need to be enhanced for a better outcome. 

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