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Althea Medical Journal

amj
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Published by Universitas Padjadjaran

ISSN : - EISSN : 23374330 DOI : 10.15850/amj

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Althea Medical Journal (AMJ) is a peer reviewed electronic scientific publication journal which is published every 3 months (March, June, September, and December). Althea Medical Journal publishes articles related to research in biomedical sciences, clinical medicine, family-community medicine, and public health.

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Articles 1,068 Documents

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The Bacterial Vaginosis among Pregnant Women in Jatinangor Aw Wan Yi; Sunarjati Sudigdoadi; Hadi Susiarno
Althea Medical Journal Vol 6, No 4 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is polymicrobial that causes superficial vaginitis due to a shift in vaginal flora. In pregnant women, BV can result in a significant risk of some serious consequences. The objective of this study was to identify the BV prevalence and to explore the characteristics and personal hygiene practices among pregnant women.Methods: This study was conducted in Desa Cipacing, Jatinangor, using the cross-sectional descriptive method, including pregnant women. The BV was detected by Gram-stained vaginal smears using Nugent Score. Furthermore, other microorganisms such as trichomoniasis and candidiasis were detected by direct microscopic observation. The questionnaire was distributed, consisting of details of personal hygiene practices.Results: In total, 17.9% of 52 pregnant women included were diagnosed with BV and 14.3% with mixed infection. Pregnant women with BV were predominantly aged younger than 25 years (61.1%), nullipara (50%) and in a second-trimester pregnancy (50%).Conclusions: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is common among young pregnant women, predominantly in their first pregnancy. It is related to personal hygiene practices, indicating the need for targeted interventions of healthcare education among these young pregnant women to reduce the BV prevalence.

Factors Influencing the Cervical Cancer Screening uptake among Medical Lecturers at Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran Sri Yusnita Irda Sari; Phavithra Rathakirushnan; Edwin Armawan
Althea Medical Journal Vol 6, No 4 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v6n4.1718

Background: Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. In Indonesia, cervical cancer is one of the most occurring types of cancer. It is acknowledged that early screening can prevent cervical cancer. This study aimed to explore what factors influenced the screening uptake and to correlate characteristics, perceived susceptibility, and self-efficacy of Pap smear uptake among medical faculty lecturers.Methods: This was a cross-sectional analytical study conducted among female lecturers in the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran from October to November 2013. The questionnaire was used to collect data using a purposive sampling method. Data collected were tabulated into frequency and percentage and the correlation was performed using Pearson chi-square. Results: From a total of 79 respondents who participated, only 55.7% of medical lecturers had ever taken Pap smear. Reasons for not taking Pap smear were time (77.1%) and the perception of not being at risk (22.9%). However, most of the respondents (84.8%) were willing to have a screening test for cervical cancer routinely. There was a significant correlation between age (p=0.001), level of education (p=0.003) and duration of marriage (p=0.001) with the uptake of Pap smear.Conclusions: The factors that are influencing the uptake of screening are not having the time to take the test and the perception of not being at risk of the disease. There is a correlation between age, level of education and duration of marriage with screening uptake. Awareness of the importance of screening should also be promoted among female doctors.

Comparison of Gastrocnemius Muscle Strength between Basketballs and Non-basketball Player Titing Nurhayati; Sharmili Mohanan; Marietta Shanti Prananta
Althea Medical Journal Vol 6, No 4 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v6n4.1724

Background: Basketball is one of the best aerobic-predominant exercises and the most important muscle used in this sport is the gastrocnemius muscle. This muscle plantar flexes the ankle when the knee is extended to maintain the balance and to stabilize the body during vigorous movements. Furthermore, the gluteus, quadriceps, hamstrings, and calves may get activated when running up and down the court and jump in the air when doing basketball training. This study was conducted to compare the gastrocnemius muscle strength in basketball and non-basketball players.Methods: This analytical study was to measure the gastrocnemius muscle strength in basketball (n=16) and non-basketball (n=16) players, using hand-held dynamometer (HHD). Gender, weight, height, Body Mass Index (BMI) and maximal gastrocnemius muscle strength were recorded and compared between groups. The study was conducted from August to October 2013 in the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran.Results: The maximal gastrocnemius muscle strength showed no significant differences both in basketball and non-basketball players for females and males with p-value 0.092 and 0.711, respectively.Conclusions: There is no significant difference in gastrocnemius muscle strength between basketball and non-basketball players in males as well as in females. Presumably, there are other muscles that take parts to develop leg power by doing the right weight-training exercises.

The Effect of Leunca Fruit (Solanum nigrum Linn) Infusion in Inhibiting the Increase of Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase Level in CCL4 Induced Hepatitis Wistar Rats Kuswinarti Kuswinarti; Syifa Karmani; Coriejati Rita
Althea Medical Journal Vol 6, No 4 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Hepatitis may cause liver cell damage due to the oxidation processes and can be inhibited by antioxidant components. Antioxidant acts as hepatoprotector by slowing down the oxidation process. Leunca fruits (Solanum nigrum Linn) contain antioxidants such as vitamin C and flavonoid. This study aimed to explore the effect of Leunca fruit infusion to inhibit the increase of serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT) level in Wistar rats’ blood.Methods: This was an experimental study using male Wistar rats, conducted in the Animal Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran between September−October 2012. The Hepatitis rats model was induced with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in 10% paraffin intraperitoneally as much as 8 mL/kgBW on day 8th. A 3 mL of leunca fruit infusion was given with a concentration of 22.5 g, 45 g, and 90 g per 100 mL, respectively. On the 10th day, serum was taken and SGPT was examined. Only food and distilled water were given to the negative control group. The result was analyzed by using a Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test, followed by Mann-Whitney post hoc.Results: There was a significant difference between the negative control and hepatitis positive control group (p=0.009), indicating that the induction was successful. The dose 90 g/100 mL leunca had a significant different in SGPT concentration (p=0.047), suggesting that leunca fruit infusion had a significant effect on reduced SGPT level.Conclusions: Leunca fruit infusion has a hepatoprotective effect by inhibiting the increase of the SGPT level in CCl4 induced rats. Studies on the leunca effectiveness in human hepatitis need further exploration.

Smoking Behavior among Undergraduate Female Students in Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung Rafsae Iqbal Akbar; Arifah Nur Istiqomah; Irvan Afriandi
Althea Medical Journal Vol 6, No 4 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v6n4.1763

Background: Smoking is an addictive habit of affecting human behavior. Global data has shown that 47.5% of men and 10.3% of women are active smokers. Based on Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional in 2007, the prevalence of women smokers in Indonesia is increased from 1.3% to 5.2%. This study was conducted to describe the smoking behavior among undergraduate female students in Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, including female students from 9 faculties in Universitas Padjadjaran, using a snowball sampling technique. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed, consisting of questions about when students smoked for the first time, level of addiction, smoking intensity, smoking location, and the affecting mood.Result: Of 99 female students, 40.40% have started smoking in high school, 31.32% in the university, and 25.25% in junior high school. The smoking intensity was moderate (45.45%), but some were high (29.30%). The location preference for smoking was both in private and public places (88.89%), driven by both positive and negative moods (88.89%). Interestingly, the most addiction level was situational (34.34%) or intensive (34.34%).Conclusions: Since most of the female students have started smoking before enrolling in the university, smoking education and cessation in junior high school need to be strengthened.

Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio within Clinical Staging of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Orlena Dharmantary Kartika; Bambang Purwanto; Yussy Afriani Dewi
Althea Medical Journal Vol 6, No 4 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v6n4.1688

Background: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is one of the inflammatory markers, associated with malignancies progression and metastasis, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio is presenting the activity index of protumor and antitumor. It is easy to perform in daily clinical practice, obtained from blood examination. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic value of NLR in HNSCC patients, associated with the clinical staging.Methods: This study was an analytic design to explore the relationship between NLR and clinical staging. The sample was collected from pre-treatment HNSCC patients who came to the Head and Neck Oncology Clinic, Dr.Hasan Sadikin General Hospital. The data consisted of disease history, ENT examination, staging determination, and blood sample examination for NLR count.Results: In total, data on 92 HNSCC patients were collected. There was a statistically significant association between NLR with clinical staging in HNSCC (p<0.001). The higher the NLR, the higher the clinical stage, whereas the lower the NLR, (OR14.1; 95% CI 3.4–59.0).Conclusions: There is a significant association between NLR with clinical staging in HNSCC. Further study is needed to explore NLR as a prognostic marker in HNSCC patients

Antibacterial Effect of Human Milk against Streptococcus pyogenes: an in vitro Study Novi Vicahyani Utami; Nurul Nadiya Binti Abdul Razak; Dzulfikar D. Lukmanul Hakim
Althea Medical Journal Vol 6, No 4 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Streptococcus pyogenes infection is one of the common upper respiratory infections among children. Human milk has antibacterial properties that may play a role against infections. The study was conducted to observe the antibacterial effect of human milk against Streptococcus pyogenes.Methods: This was an in vitro experimental study conducted on October–November 2012 in Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, using agar well diffusion method. Human milk was collected from eligible donors and tested at concentrations of 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100% dilution with water. Inhibition zone formed surrounding the wells were measured after 24 hours of incubation.Results: All samples incubated with human mils (in concentration of 70%, 80%, 90% and 100%) inhibited the growth of Streptococcus pyogenes, with the inhibition zone mean diameters of 26.33, 28.00, 28.00 and 28.33mm, respectively, compared to the well containing sterile aquadest that did not show any zone of inhibition.Conclusions: Human milk has an in vitro antibacterial effect against Streptococcus pyogenes. Giving human milk to babies is important for preventing infectious diseases.

Six-Minutes Walk Test Characteristics in Geriatric Outpatient Clinic at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung Hanifah Hanifah; Yuni Susanti Pratiwi; Tri Damiati Panjdi
Althea Medical Journal Vol 6, No 4 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: The six-minute walk test (6MWT) is a safe, easy to perform, and inexpensive test to evaluate the functional and exercise capacity in the elderly. The purpose of this study was to describe the 6MWT distance achieved among elderly patients.Methods: This descriptive study was conducted from January to November 2014 using medical records in the geriatric outpatient clinic of the Department of Internal Medicine at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital from 2012 to 2014. The main variable was the distance achieved by the 6MWT, compared based on age, sex, and body mass index.Results: The average distance of the 6MWT in 122 elderly was 237.56 m. The highest results were in the youngest age group of 60–69 year old with an average distance of 243.87 m. A male elderly patients had an average distance of 245.26 m, and the elderly with high body mass index had 248.57 m.Conclusions: The distance achieved among the elderly during the 6MWT is relatively short. Increased physical activity such as walking is recommended for the elderly.

Factors Affecting Nutritional Status among Children Aged 12–23 Months Tisnasari Hafsah; Lina Shabrina Qorib Sudaryo; Yovi Yoanita
Althea Medical Journal Vol 6, No 4 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: In Indonesia about 18% of children, mostly in the first two years of life, are malnourished, causing a serious impact. Many factors are thought to affect nutritional status among young children. This study was conducted to determine factors affecting the nutritional status of children aged 12–23 months in West Java, Indonesia.Methods: This cross-sectional study used secondary data obtained from a Basic Health Research (Riset Kesehatan Dasar, RISKESDAS) 2010, conducted by Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan (BALITBANGKES) Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia. All of the data among children aged 12–23 months in West Java province was obtained. Statistical relationships between predisposing factors and nutritional status i.e. weight for height were analyzed using the chi-square test.Results: In total, 730 data were obtained, of which 567 data met the inclusion criteria. Malnutrition was detected in 101 (17.8%) children. There was a significant relationship (p=0.017, OR=2.6, 95% CI 1.1–5.8) between low birth weight and nutritional status. Nevertheless, no significant relationship was found between nutritional status and history of exclusive breastfeeding (p=0.629), complimentary feeding (p=0.949), vitamin A (p=0.209), infectious diseases (p=0.266), complete immunization status (p=0.420), and mother education level (p=0.251).Conclusions: The low birth weight is the only significant factor associated with the nutritional status among children less than 2 years old; resulting in that low birth weight had a 2.6 higher chance of malnutrition in the early years. Other factors are unexpectedly not significant in this study. There is thus a need to improve the quality of programs, focusing on childbearing mothers, during antenatal control.

The Pattern of Iodine Food Source Intake in Early Adolescents in Junior High School in Jatinangor Siti Nur Fatimah; Che Wan Nurdamia; Faisal Faisal
Althea Medical Journal Vol 6, No 4 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Iodine is one of the essential micronutrients for normal growth, development, and metabolism throughout life. Studies about the pattern of iodine food source intake in Indonesia are lacking. The aim of this study was to assess the current pattern of iodine food source intake among early adolescents.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, the pattern of iodine food source intake in early adolescents aged 11–14 years attending Junior High School in Jatinangor Sumedang, Indonesia was assessed from September to October 2014, by validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Eating patterns were divided into four categories based on Indonesian Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA).Results: The average iodine daily intake of the subjects was 356.27 mcg. The highest frequency of the iodine intake category was adequate in students aged 11–12 years old (100%), compared to aged 13–14 years old (79.2%).Conclusions: The daily iodine intake in Junior High School students is sufficient. Further assessment in areas elsewhere in West Java needs to be conducted to have a better picture of the pattern of iodine food source intake in adolescents.

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Contact Name
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Journal Mail Official
chiefeditor.amj@gmail.com

Editorial Address
Gedung Rumah Sakit Pendidikan Unpad/Pamitran Unpad (Teaching Hospital Building) Faculty of Medicine Unpad, 3rd Floor Jl. Prof. Eyckman No. 38, Bandung, 40161, Indonesia

Location
Kota bandung,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA